UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
ý | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | |
For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2008 |
||
o |
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
|
For the Transition Period from to |
Commission File Number 001 - 32205
CB RICHARD ELLIS GROUP, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
94-3391143 (I.R.S. Employer Identification Number) |
|
11150 Santa Monica Boulevard, Suite 1600 Los Angeles, California (Address of principal executive offices) |
90025 (Zip Code) |
|
(310) 405-8900 (Registrant's telephone number, including area code) |
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year if changed since last report) |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ý No o.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," and "smaller reporting company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer ý | Accelerated filer o | Non-accelerated filer o (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) |
Smaller reporting company o |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No ý.
The number of shares of Class A common stock outstanding at July 31, 2008 was 202,353,127.
June 30, 2008
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART IFINANCIAL INFORMATION |
Page |
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Item 1. |
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Consolidated Balance Sheets at June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 |
3 |
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Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 |
4 |
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Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 |
5 |
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6 |
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Item 2. |
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations |
32 |
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Item 3. |
61 |
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Item 4. |
62 |
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Item 1. |
63 |
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Item 1A. |
63 |
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Item 4. |
63 |
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Item 6. |
65 |
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66 |
2
CB RICHARD ELLIS GROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except share data)
|
June 30, 2008 |
December 31, 2007 |
|||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ASSETS |
|||||||||
Current Assets: |
|||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 250,518 | $ | 342,874 | |||||
Restricted cash |
24,474 | 44,438 | |||||||
Receivables, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $43,816 and $34,748 at June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively |
940,900 | 1,081,653 | |||||||
Warehouse receivables |
183,295 | 255,777 | |||||||
Prepaid expenses |
97,172 | 80,592 | |||||||
Deferred tax assets, net |
239,819 | 191,984 | |||||||
Real estate under development |
165,957 | 127,602 | |||||||
Real estate and other assets held for sale |
224,004 | 158,828 | |||||||
Other current assets |
92,830 | 84,997 | |||||||
Total Current Assets |
2,218,969 | 2,368,745 | |||||||
Property and equipment, net |
229,661 | 216,214 | |||||||
Goodwill |
2,351,646 | 2,174,710 | |||||||
Other intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization of $117,313 and $105,438 at June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively |
401,770 | 404,104 | |||||||
Deferred compensation assets |
267,538 | 264,190 | |||||||
Investments in unconsolidated subsidiaries |
214,606 | 236,892 | |||||||
Deferred tax assets, net |
17,816 | 17,932 | |||||||
Real estate under development |
154,479 | 138,643 | |||||||
Real estate held for investment |
419,612 | 271,959 | |||||||
Available for sale securities |
30,234 | 30,314 | |||||||
Other assets, net |
133,174 | 118,870 | |||||||
Total Assets |
$ | 6,439,505 | $ | 6,242,573 | |||||
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY |
|||||||||
Current Liabilities: |
|||||||||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses |
$ | 479,740 | $ | 492,282 | |||||
Deferred purchase consideration |
4,314 | 4,528 | |||||||
Compensation and employee benefits payable |
304,922 | 319,808 | |||||||
Accrued bonus and profit sharing |
328,176 | 727,460 | |||||||
Income taxes payable |
| 50,658 | |||||||
Short-term borrowings: |
|||||||||
Revolving credit facility |
404,730 | 227,065 | |||||||
Warehouse lines of credit |
183,295 | 255,777 | |||||||
Other |
58,124 | 55,838 | |||||||
Total short-term borrowings |
646,149 | 538,680 | |||||||
Current maturities of long-term debt |
112,490 | 11,374 | |||||||
Notes payable on real estate |
186,785 | 142,534 | |||||||
Liabilities related to real estate and other assets held for sale |
195,200 | 125,824 | |||||||
Other current liabilities |
23,209 | 23,802 | |||||||
Total Current Liabilities |
2,280,985 | 2,436,950 | |||||||
Long-Term Debt: |
|||||||||
Senior secured term loans |
1,969,500 | 1,776,000 | |||||||
Other long-term debt |
1,816 | 1,352 | |||||||
Total Long-Term Debt |
1,971,316 | 1,777,352 | |||||||
Deferred compensation liabilities |
267,275 | 278,266 | |||||||
Pension liability |
33,706 | 34,163 | |||||||
Non-current tax liabilities |
85,476 | 81,847 | |||||||
Notes payable on real estate |
305,991 | 205,916 | |||||||
Other liabilities |
161,721 | 175,923 | |||||||
Total Liabilities |
5,106,470 | 4,990,417 | |||||||
Commitments and contingencies |
| | |||||||
Minority interest |
266,467 | 263,613 | |||||||
Stockholders' Equity: |
|||||||||
Class A common stock; $0.01 par value; 325,000,000 shares authorized; 202,253,595 and 201,594,592 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively |
2,023 | 2,016 | |||||||
Additional paid-in capital |
60,791 | 40,559 | |||||||
Notes receivable from sale of stock |
| (60 | ) | ||||||
Accumulated earnings |
1,000,547 | 963,530 | |||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) |
3,207 | (17,502 | ) | ||||||
Total Stockholders' Equity |
1,066,568 | 988,543 | |||||||
Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity |
$ | 6,439,505 | $ | 6,242,573 | |||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
3
CB RICHARD ELLIS GROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except share data)
|
Three Months Ended June 30, |
Six Months Ended June 30, |
||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||
Revenue |
$ | 1,314,873 | $ | 1,490,363 | $ | 2,545,798 | $ | 2,704,324 | ||||||
Costs and expenses: |
||||||||||||||
Cost of services |
737,205 | 791,605 | 1,441,651 | 1,441,278 | ||||||||||
Operating, administrative and other |
468,839 | 469,754 | 901,184 | 881,691 | ||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
25,022 | 27,511 | 48,824 | 54,879 | ||||||||||
Merger-related charges |
| 2,877 | | 34,732 | ||||||||||
Total costs and expenses |
1,231,066 | 1,291,747 | 2,391,659 | 2,412,580 | ||||||||||
Gain on disposition of real estate |
4,042 | | 4,042 | | ||||||||||
Operating income |
87,849 | 198,616 | 158,181 | 291,744 | ||||||||||
Equity (loss) income from unconsolidated subsidiaries |
(11,752 | ) | 25,915 | (22,514 | ) | 30,164 | ||||||||
Minority interest (income) expense |
(2,482 | ) | (165 | ) | (7,607 | ) | 2,735 | |||||||
Other loss |
4,607 | | 4,607 | 37,534 | ||||||||||
Interest income |
4,481 | 5,972 | 9,707 | 12,985 | ||||||||||
Interest expense |
41,560 | 42,173 | 84,565 | 84,155 | ||||||||||
Income before provision for income taxes |
36,893 | 188,495 | 63,809 | 210,469 | ||||||||||
Provision for income taxes |
20,330 | 47,360 | 26,792 | 57,357 | ||||||||||
Net income |
$ | 16,563 | $ | 141,135 | $ | 37,017 | $ | 153,112 | ||||||
Basic income per share |
$ | 0.08 | $ | 0.61 | $ | 0.18 | $ | 0.67 | ||||||
Weighted average shares outstanding for basic income per share |
203,435,495 | 230,543,095 | 203,273,086 | 230,105,706 | ||||||||||
Diluted income per share |
$ | 0.08 | $ | 0.59 | $ | 0.18 | $ | 0.65 | ||||||
Weighted average shares outstanding for diluted income per share |
208,388,563 | 237,475,584 | 208,059,701 | 237,206,344 | ||||||||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
4
CB RICHARD ELLIS GROUP, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands)
|
Six Months Ended June 30, |
||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES: |
|||||||||
Net income |
$ | 37,017 | $ | 153,112 | |||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash (used in) provided by operating activities: |
|||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
48,824 | 54,879 | |||||||
Amortization and write-off of deferred financing costs |
6,853 | 3,744 | |||||||
Write-down of impaired investments |
4,607 | | |||||||
Gain on sale of servicing rights and other assets |
(3,027 | ) | (2,030 | ) | |||||
Loss on trading securities |
| 33,654 | |||||||
Loss on interest rate swaps |
| 3,880 | |||||||
Equity loss (income) from unconsolidated subsidiaries |
22,514 | (30,164 | ) | ||||||
In-kind distributions from unconsolidated subsidiaries |
| (2,710 | ) | ||||||
Minority interest (income) expense |
(7,607 | ) | 2,735 | ||||||
Provision for doubtful accounts |
7,813 | 8,070 | |||||||
Deferred income taxes |
(652 | ) | 658 | ||||||
Compensation expense and merger-related expense related to stock options and stock awards |
13,379 | 22,593 | |||||||
Incremental tax benefit from stock options exercised |
(3,989 | ) | (15,111 | ) | |||||
Deferred compensation deferrals |
17,937 | 22,043 | |||||||
Distribution of earnings from unconsolidated subsidiaries |
14,737 | 29,968 | |||||||
Tenant concessions received |
7,369 | 4,989 | |||||||
Proceeds from sale of trading securities |
| 320,047 | |||||||
Decrease (increase) in receivables |
157,146 | (7,401 | ) | ||||||
Decrease (increase) in deferred compensation assets |
20 | (37,938 | ) | ||||||
(Increase) decrease in prepaid expenses and other assets |
(78,728 | ) | 4,321 | ||||||
Increase in real estate held for sale and under development |
(76,395 | ) | (107,435 | ) | |||||
Increase (decrease) in accounts payable and accrued expenses |
38,317 | (106,399 | ) | ||||||
Decrease in compensation and employee benefits payable and accrued bonus and profit sharing |
(460,155 | ) | (160,559 | ) | |||||
Decrease in income taxes payable |
(98,207 | ) | (30,988 | ) | |||||
Decrease in other liabilities |
(27,435 | ) | (1,634 | ) | |||||
Other operating activities, net |
(405 | ) | 598 | ||||||
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities |
(380,067 | ) | 162,922 | ||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES: |
|||||||||
Capital expenditures |
(26,863 | ) | (26,992 | ) | |||||
Acquisition of businesses (other than Trammell Crow Company) including net assets acquired, intangibles and goodwill, net of cash acquired |
(159,332 | ) | (36,995 | ) | |||||
Cash paid for acquisition of Trammell Crow Company |
| (124,732 | ) | ||||||
Contributions to unconsolidated subsidiaries |
(30,065 | ) | (44,016 | ) | |||||
Distributions from unconsolidated subsidiaries |
17,979 | 29,262 | |||||||
Proceeds from the sale of servicing rights and other assets |
1,837 | 18,851 | |||||||
Additions to real estate held for investment |
(153,191 | ) | (73,454 | ) | |||||
Decrease in restricted cash |
19,781 | 135,404 | |||||||
Other investing activities, net |
(139 | ) | 14,129 | ||||||
Net cash used in investing activities |
(329,993 | ) | (108,543 | ) | |||||
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES: |
|||||||||
Proceeds from senior secured term loans |
300,000 | | |||||||
Repayment of senior secured term loans |
(6,250 | ) | (130,500 | ) | |||||
Proceeds from revolving credit facility |
1,252,981 | 73,186 | |||||||
Repayment of revolving credit facility |
(1,077,969 | ) | (34,638 | ) | |||||
Repayment of 93/4% senior notes |
| (3,310 | ) | ||||||
Proceeds from notes payable on real estate held for investment |
52,806 | 63,835 | |||||||
Repayment of notes payable on real estate held for investment |
| (8,147 | ) | ||||||
Proceeds from notes payable on real estate held for sale and under development |
127,341 | 88,079 | |||||||
Repayment of notes payable on real estate held for sale and under development |
(54,293 | ) | (45,110 | ) | |||||
Proceeds from short-term borrowings and other loans, net |
1,260 | 38,988 | |||||||
Proceeds from exercise of stock options |
2,877 | 8,160 | |||||||
Incremental tax benefit from stock options exercised |
3,989 | 15,111 | |||||||
Minority interest contributions |
32,938 | 93,212 | |||||||
Minority interest distributions |
(21,415 | ) | (18,559 | ) | |||||
Payment of deferred financing fees |
(7,262 | ) | (2,449 | ) | |||||
Other financing activities, net |
(657 | ) | (551 | ) | |||||
Net cash provided by financing activities |
606,346 | 137,307 | |||||||
Effect of currency exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents |
11,358 | 2,006 | |||||||
NET (DECREASE) INCREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS |
(92,356 | ) | 193,692 | ||||||
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, AT BEGINNING OF PERIOD |
342,874 | 244,476 | |||||||
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, AT END OF PERIOD |
$ | 250,518 | $ | 438,168 | |||||
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION: |
|||||||||
Cash paid during the period for: |
|||||||||
Interest |
$ | 64,578 | $ | 78,203 | |||||
Income taxes, net of refunds |
$ | 124,935 | $ | 88,822 | |||||
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
5
CB RICHARD ELLIS GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
1. Nature of Operations
CB Richard Ellis Group, Inc. (formerly known as CBRE Holding, Inc.), a Delaware corporation (which may be referred to in these financial statements as "we," "us," and "our"), was incorporated on February 20, 2001 and was created to acquire all of the outstanding shares of CB Richard Ellis Services, Inc. (CBRE), an international commercial real estate services firm. Prior to July 20, 2001, we were a wholly-owned subsidiary of Blum Strategic Partners, L.P. (Blum Strategic), formerly known as RCBA Strategic Partners, L.P., which is an affiliate of Richard C. Blum, a director of CBRE and our company.
On July 20, 2001, we acquired all of the outstanding stock of CBRE pursuant to an Amended and Restated Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated May 31, 2001, among CBRE, Blum CB Corp. (Blum CB) and us. Blum CB was merged with and into CBRE with CBRE being the surviving corporation (the 2001 Merger). In July 2003, our global position in the commercial real estate services industry was further solidified as CBRE acquired Insignia Financial Group, Inc. (Insignia). On July 23, 2003, pursuant to an Amended and Restated Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated May 28, 2003 (the Insignia Acquisition Agreement), by and among us, CBRE, Apple Acquisition Corp. (Apple Acquisition), a Delaware corporation and wholly-owned subsidiary of CBRE, and Insignia, Apple Acquisition was merged with and into Insignia (the Insignia Acquisition). Insignia was the surviving corporation in the Insignia Acquisition and at the effective time of the Insignia Acquisition became a wholly-owned subsidiary of CBRE.
On June 15, 2004, we completed the initial public offering of shares of our Class A common stock (the IPO). In connection with the IPO, we issued and sold 23,180,292 shares of our Class A common stock and received aggregate net proceeds of approximately $135.0 million, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses payable by us. Also in connection with the IPO, selling stockholders sold an aggregate of 48,819,708 shares of our Class A common stock and received net proceeds of approximately $290.6 million, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions. On July 14, 2004, selling stockholders sold an additional 687,900 shares of our Class A common stock to cover over-allotments of shares by the underwriters and received net proceeds of approximately $4.1 million, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions. Lastly, on December 13, 2004 and November 15, 2005, we completed secondary public offerings that provided further liquidity for some of our stockholders. We did not receive any of the proceeds from the sales of shares by the selling stockholders on June 15, 2004, July 14, 2004, December 13, 2004 and November 15, 2005.
In December 2006, we expanded our global leadership as we completed the acquisition of Trammell Crow Company, our largest acquisition to date. On December 20, 2006, pursuant to an Agreement and Plan of Merger dated October 30, 2006 (the Trammell Crow Company Acquisition Agreement), by and among us, A-2 Acquisition Corp., a Delaware corporation and our wholly-owned subsidiary (Merger Sub), and Trammell Crow Company, the Merger Sub was merged with and into the Trammell Crow Company (the Trammell Crow Company Acquisition). Trammell Crow Company was the surviving corporation in the Trammell Crow Company Acquisition and upon the closing of the Trammell Crow Company Acquisition became our indirect wholly-owned subsidiary. We have no substantive operations other than our investment in CBRE and Trammell Crow Company.
We offer a full range of services to occupiers, owners, lenders and investors in office, retail, industrial, multi-family and other commercial real estate assets globally under the "CB Richard Ellis"
6
CB RICHARD ELLIS GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(Unaudited)
1. Nature of Operations (Continued)
brand name and provide development services under the "Trammell Crow" brand name. Our business is focused on several service competencies, including tenant representation, property/agency leasing, property sales, commercial property and corporate facilities management, valuation, real estate investment management, development services, commercial mortgage origination and servicing, capital markets (equity and debt) solutions and proprietary research. We generate revenues on a per project or transactional basis and from contractual management fees.
2. Basis of Presentation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the rules applicable to Form 10-Q and include all information and footnotes required for interim financial statement presentation, but do not include all disclosures required under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP) for annual financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments, except as otherwise noted) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates. All significant inter-company transactions and balances have been eliminated. Certain reclassifications, which do not have an effect on net income or equity, have been made to the 2007 financial statements to conform with the 2008 presentation. For the six months ended June 30, 2007, a net increase of $43.0 million in notes payable on real estate held for sale and under development was reclassified from net cash provided by operating activities to net cash provided by financing activities to conform with the 2008 presentation. The results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations to be expected for the year ending December 31, 2008. The consolidated financial statements and notes to consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with our current Annual Report on Form 10-K, which contains the latest available audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto, which are as of and for the year ended December 31, 2007.
In May 2003, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 150, "Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Characteristics of both Liabilities and Equity." Certain provisions of SFAS No. 150 would have required us to classify non-controlling interests in consolidated limited life subsidiaries as liabilities adjusted to their settlement values in our consolidated financial statements. In November 2003, the FASB indefinitely deferred application of the measurement and recognition provisions (but not the disclosure requirements) of SFAS No. 150 with respect to these non-controlling interests. As of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, the estimated settlement value of non-controlling interests in our consolidated limited life subsidiaries was $185.7 million and $172.9 million, respectively, as compared to the carrying value of $179.3 million and $170.0 million, respectively, which is included in minority interest in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
7
CB RICHARD ELLIS GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(Unaudited)
3. Restricted Cash
Included in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets as of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 is restricted cash of $24.5 million and $44.4 million, respectively. The balances primarily include escrow accounts held in our Development Services segment, restricted cash set aside to cover deferred purchase consideration associated with the Trammell Crow Company Acquisition, escrow accounts related to other strategic in-fill acquisitions and cash pledged to secure the guarantee of certain short-term notes issued in connection with previous acquisitions by Insignia in the United Kingdom (U.K.). The deferred purchase consideration relates to outstanding shares of Trammell Crow Company common stock that have not yet been tendered. Payment in full is being made as share certificates are tendered.
4. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
The following table summarizes the changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the six months ended June 30, 2008 (dollars in thousands):
|
Americas | EMEA | Asia Pacific |
Global Investment Management |
Development Services |
Total | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Balance at January 1, 2008 |
$ | 1,621,145 | $ | 345,710 | $ | 82,961 | $ | 38,231 | $ | 86,663 | $ | 2,174,710 | |||||||
Purchase accounting related to acquisitions |
22,428 | 128,887 | 4,877 | 6,311 | | 162,503 | |||||||||||||
Foreign exchange movement |
(501 | ) | 9,144 | 5,753 | 37 | | 14,433 | ||||||||||||
Balance at June 30, 2008 |
$ | 1,643,072 | $ | 483,741 | $ | 93,591 | $ | 44,579 | $ | 86,663 | $ | 2,351,646 | |||||||
Other intangible assets totaled $401.8 million and $404.1 million, net of accumulated amortization of $117.3 million and $105.4 million, as of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively, and are comprised of the following (dollars in thousands):
|
As of June 30, 2008 | As of December 31, 2007 | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Gross Carrying Amount |
Accumulated Amortization |
Gross Carrying Amount |
Accumulated Amortization |
||||||||||
Unamortizable intangible assets |
||||||||||||||
Trademarks |
$ | 63,700 | $ | 63,700 | ||||||||||
Trade name |
103,826 | 103,826 | ||||||||||||
$ | 167,526 | $ | 167,526 | |||||||||||
Amortizable intangible assets |
||||||||||||||
Customer relationships |
$ | 229,559 | $ | (19,071 | ) | $ | 225,400 | $ | (12,472 | ) | ||||
Backlog and incentive fees |
50,238 | (50,238 | ) | 48,761 | (48,761 | ) | ||||||||
Management contracts |
29,296 | (26,407 | ) | 29,219 | (25,078 | ) | ||||||||
Loan servicing rights |
26,710 | (12,361 | ) | 24,115 | (11,126 | ) | ||||||||
Other |
15,754 | (9,236 | ) | 14,521 | (8,001 | ) | ||||||||
$ | 351,557 | $ | (117,313 | ) | $ | 342,016 | $ | (105,438 | ) | |||||
Total intangible assets |
$ | 519,083 | $ | (117,313 | ) | $ | 509,542 | $ | (105,438 | ) | ||||
8
CB RICHARD ELLIS GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(Unaudited)
4. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (Continued)
In accordance with SFAS No. 141, "Business Combinations," trademarks of $63.7 million were separately identified as a result of the 2001 Merger. As a result of the Insignia Acquisition, a $19.8 million trade name was separately identified, which represents the Richard Ellis trade name in the U.K. that was owned by Insignia. In connection with the Trammell Crow Company Acquisition, an $84.0 million trade name was separately identified, which represents the Trammell Crow trade name used by us in providing development services. Both the trademarks and the trade names have indefinite useful lives and accordingly are not being amortized.
Customer relationships primarily represent intangible assets identified in the Trammell Crow Company Acquisition relating to existing relationships primarily in Trammell Crow Company's brokerage, property management, project management and facilities management lines of business. These intangible assets are being amortized over useful lives of up to 20 years.
Backlog and incentive fees mostly represented the fair value of net revenue backlog and incentive fees acquired as part of the Trammell Crow Company Acquisition as well as other in-fill acquisitions. These intangible assets were amortized over useful lives of up to one year.
Management contracts are primarily comprised of property management contracts in the United States (U.S.), Canada, the U.K. and France, as well as valuation services and fund management contracts in the U.K. These management contracts are being amortized over useful lives of up to ten years.
Loan servicing rights represent the fair value of servicing assets in our mortgage brokerage line of business in the U.S., the majority of which were acquired as part of the 2001 Merger. The loan servicing rights are being amortized over useful lives of up to ten years.
Other amortizable intangible assets mainly represent other intangible assets acquired as a result of the Trammell Crow Company Acquisition and Insignia Acquisition. These include certain acquired Trammell Crow Company contract intangibles. Additionally, these include other intangible assets recognized for non-contractual revenue acquired in the U.S. as well as franchise agreements and a trade name in France acquired in the Insignia Acquisition. Other intangible assets are being amortized over useful lives of up to 20 years.
Amortization expense related to intangible assets was $6.3 million and $11.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively, and $10.8 million and $23.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The estimated annual amortization expense for each of the years ending December 31, 2008 through December 31, 2012 approximates $19.7 million, $16.8 million, $16.5 million, $15.3 million and $12.6 million, respectively.
9
CB RICHARD ELLIS GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(Unaudited)
5. Investments in Unconsolidated Subsidiaries
Investments in unconsolidated subsidiaries are accounted for under the equity method of accounting. Combined condensed financial information for these entities is as follows (dollars in thousands):
|
Three Months Ended June 30, |
Six Months Ended June 30, |
||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||
Development Services: |
||||||||||||||
Revenue |
$ | 13,583 | $ | 15,506 | $ | 22,131 | $ | 27,105 | ||||||
Operating income |
$ | 26,250 | $ | 27,990 | $ | 28,860 | $ | 31,339 | ||||||
Net income |
$ | 21,928 | $ | 23,008 | $ | 20,951 | $ | 21,713 | ||||||
Global Investment Management and Other: |
||||||||||||||
Revenue |
$ | 185,612 | $ | 163,624 | $ | 370,572 | $ | 442,925 | ||||||
Operating (loss) income |
$ | (101,653 | ) | $ | 11,422 | $ | 14,914 | $ | 62,258 | |||||
Net (loss) income |
$ | (38,689 | ) | $ | 9,759 | $ | 35,873 | $ | 54,681 | |||||
Total: |
||||||||||||||
Revenue |
$ | 199,195 | $ | 179,130 | $ | 392,703 | $ | 470,030 | ||||||
Operating (loss) income |
$ | (75,403 | ) | $ | 39,412 | $ | 43,774 | $ | 93,597 | |||||
Net (loss) income |
$ | (16,761 | ) | $ | 32,767 | $ | 56,824 | $ | 76,394 |
Our Global Investment Management segment involves investing our own capital in certain real estate investments with clients. We have provided investment management, property management, brokerage and other professional services to these equity investees on an arm's length basis and earned revenues from these unconsolidated subsidiaries. We have also provided development, property management and brokerage services to certain of our unconsolidated development subsidiaries on an arm's length basis and earned revenues from these unconsolidated subsidiaries.
During the six months ended June 30, 2008, we recorded a $10.6 million write-down of our investment in CBRE Realty Finance and during the three months ended June 30, 2008, we recorded a $7.3 million write-down of our investment in CBRE Property Trust, both attributable to a decline in value. These charges are included in equity loss from unconsolidated subsidiaries in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. The fair value measurement utilized for CBRE Realty Finance was the stock price quoted on the New York Stock Exchange, which falls within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy under SFAS No. 157, "Fair Value Measurements." The fair value measurement employed for CBRE Property Trust was an asset valuation based on observable market data, which falls within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy under SFAS No. 157.
6. Real Estate and Other Assets Held for Sale and Related Liabilities
Real estate and other assets held for sale include completed real estate projects or land for sale in their present condition that have met all of the "held for sale" criteria of SFAS No. 144, "Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets," and other assets directly related to such projects. Liabilities related to real estate and other assets held for sale have been included as a single line item in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. In accordance with SFAS No. 144, certain assets
10
CB RICHARD ELLIS GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(Unaudited)
6. Real Estate and Other Assets Held for Sale and Related Liabilities (Continued)
classified as held for sale at June 30, 2008, or sold in the three months ended June 30, 2008, that were not classified as held for sale at December 31, 2007, were reclassified to real estate and other assets held for sale in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2007.
Real estate and other assets held for sale and related liabilities were as follows (dollars in thousands):
|
June 30, 2008 |
December 31, 2007 |
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Assets: |
|||||||
Real estate held for sale (see Note 7) |
$ | 162,485 | $ | 148,036 | |||
Restricted cash |
51,490 | | |||||
Other current assets |
4,035 | 4,400 | |||||
Other assets |
5,994 | 6,392 | |||||
Total real estate and other assets held for sale |
224,004 | 158,828 | |||||
Liabilities: |
|||||||
Accrued expenses |
14,253 | 7,090 | |||||
Notes payable on real estate held for sale (see Note 8) |
93,625 | 117,582 | |||||
Other current liabilities |
86,845 | 654 | |||||
Other liabilities |
477 | 498 | |||||
Total liabilities related to real estate and other assets held for sale |
195,200 | 125,824 | |||||
Net real estate and other assets held for sale |
$ | 28,804 | $ | 33,004 | |||
7. Real Estate
We provide build-to-suit services for our clients and also develop or purchase certain projects which we intend to sell to institutional investors upon project completion or redevelopment. Therefore, we have ownership of real estate until such projects are sold. Certain real estate assets owned by us secure the outstanding balances of underlying mortgage or construction loans. The majority of our real estate is included in our Development Services segment (see Note 20). Real estate owned by us consisted of the following (dollars in thousands):
|
June 30, 2008 |
December 31, 2007 |
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Real estate under development (current) |
$ | 165,957 | $ | 127,602 | |||
Real estate included in assets held for sale (see Note 6) |
162,485 | 148,036 | |||||
Real estate under development (non-current) |
154,479 | 138,643 | |||||
Real estate held for investment (1) |
419,612 | 271,959 | |||||
Total real estate (2) |
$ | 902,533 | $ | 686,240 | |||
11
CB RICHARD ELLIS GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(Unaudited)
7. Real Estate (Continued)
8. Notes Payable on Real Estate
We had loans secured by real estate, which consisted of the following (dollars in thousands):
|
June 30, 2008 |
December 31, 2007 |
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Current portion of notes payable on real estate |
$ | 186,785 | $ | 142,534 | |||
Notes payable on real estate included in liabilities related to |
93,625 | 117,582 | |||||
Total notes payable on real estate, current portion |
280,410 | 260,116 | |||||
Notes payable on real estate, non-current portion |
305,991 | 205,916 | |||||
Total notes payable on real estate |
$ | 586,401 | $ | 466,032 | |||
At June 30, 2008, $2.0 million of the current portion of notes payable on real estate were recourse to us, beyond being recourse to the single-purpose entity that held the real estate asset and was the primary obligor on the note payable.
We have a participating mortgage loan obligation related to a real estate project. The mortgage lender participates in net operating cash flow of the mortgaged real estate project, if any, and net proceeds upon the sale of the project. The lender receives 6.0% fixed interest on the outstanding balance of its note, compounded monthly, and participates in 35.0% to 80.0% of net proceeds based on reaching various internal rates of return. The amount of the participating liability was $2.1 million at both June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007.
9. Debt
We had short-term borrowings of $646.1 million and $538.7 million with related average interest rates of 4.1% and 6.4% as of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively.
Since 2001, we have maintained a credit agreement with Credit Suisse (CS) and other lenders to fund strategic acquisitions and to provide for our working capital needs. On December 20, 2006, we entered into an amendment and restatement to our credit agreement (the Credit Agreement) to, among other things, allow the consummation of the Trammell Crow Company Acquisition and the incurrence of senior secured term loan facilities for an aggregate principal amount of up to $2.2 billion. On March 27, 2008, we exercised the accordion provision of the Credit Agreement, which added an additional $300.0 million term loan.
12
CB RICHARD ELLIS GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(Unaudited)
9. Debt (Continued)
Our Credit Agreement includes the following: (1) a $600.0 million revolving credit facility, including revolving credit loans, letters of credit and a swingline loan facility, all maturing on June 24, 2011, (2) a $1.1 billion tranche A term loan facility, requiring quarterly principal payments beginning March 31, 2009 (previously set to commence on March 31, 2008, but adjusted as a result of our prepayment of all of the 2008 required payments in 2007) through September 30, 2011, with the balance payable on December 20, 2011, (3) a $1.1 billion tranche B term loan facility, requiring quarterly principal payments of $2.75 million beginning March 31, 2007 through September 30, 2013, with the balance payable on December 20, 2013 and (4) a $300.0 million tranche A-1 term loan facility, requiring quarterly principal payments of $0.75 million beginning June 30, 2008 through September 30, 2013, with the balance payable on December 20, 2013. The revolving credit facility allows for borrowings outside of the U.S., with sub-facilities of $5.0 million available to one of our Canadian subsidiaries, $35.0 million in aggregate available to one of our Australian and one of our New Zealand subsidiaries and $50.0 million available to one of our U.K. subsidiaries. Additionally, outstanding borrowings under these sub-facilities may be up to 5.0% higher as allowed under the currency fluctuation provision in the Credit Agreement.
Borrowings under the revolving credit facility bear interest at varying rates, based at our option, on either the applicable fixed rate plus 1.2375% or the daily rate plus 0.2375% for the first year; thereafter, at the applicable fixed rate plus 0.575% to 1.1125% or the daily rate plus 0% to 0.1125%, in both cases as determined by reference to our ratio of total debt less available cash to EBITDA (as defined in the Credit Agreement). As of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, we had $404.7 million and $227.1 million, respectively, of revolving credit facility principal outstanding with related weighted average interest rates of 4.5% and 7.4%, respectively, which are included in short-term borrowings in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. As of June 30, 2008, letters of credit totaling $17.5 million were outstanding under the revolving credit facility. These letters of credit primarily relate to our outstanding indebtedness as well as letters of credit issued in connection with development activities in our Development Services segment and reduce the amount we may borrow under the revolving credit facility.
Borrowings under the tranche A term loan facility bear interest, based at our option, on either the applicable fixed rate plus 1.50% or the daily rate plus 0.50% for the first year, thereafter, at the applicable fixed rate plus 0.75% to 1.375% or the daily rate plus 0% to 0.375%, in both cases as determined by reference to our ratio of total debt less available cash to EBITDA (as defined in the Credit Agreement). Borrowings under the tranche B term loan facility bear interest, based at our option, on either the applicable fixed rate plus 1.50% or the daily rate plus 0.50%. Borrowings under the tranche A-1 term loan facility bear interest based at our option, on either the applicable fixed rate plus 3.50% or the daily rate plus 2.50%. The tranche A-1 term loan facility includes a targeted outstanding amount (as defined in the Credit Agreement) provision that will increase the interest rate by 2% if the outstanding balance exceeds the targeted outstanding amount at the end of each quarter. As of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, the tranche A term loan facility bore interest at a rate of 3.5% and 5.7%, respectively, while the tranche B term loan facility bore interest at a rate of 4.0% and 6.4%, respectively. As of June 30, 2008, the tranche A-1 term loan facility bore interest at a rate of 6.0%. As of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, we had $827.0 million of tranche A term loan facility principal outstanding and $954.5 million and $960.0 million of tranche B term loan facility principal outstanding, respectively, which are included in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
13
CB RICHARD ELLIS GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(Unaudited)
9. Debt (Continued)
As of June 30, 2008, we had $299.3 million of tranche A-1 term loan facility principal outstanding, which is also included in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
On February 26, 2007, we entered into two interest rate swap agreements with a total notional amount of $1.4 billion and a maturity date of December 31, 2009. The purpose of these interest rate swap agreements is to hedge potential changes to our cash flows due to the variable interest nature of our senior secured term loan facilities. On March 20, 2007, these interest rate swaps were designated as cash flow hedges under SFAS No. 133, "Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities," as amended. We incurred a loss on these interest rate swaps from the date we entered into the swaps up to the designation date of approximately $3.9 million, which is included in other loss in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations. There was no hedge ineffectiveness for the six months ended June 30, 2008 or for the period from March 20, 2007 through June 30, 2007. On March 20, 2008, the total notional amount of the interest rate swap agreements was reduced to $950.0 million. As of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, the fair value of the interest rate swap agreements was reflected as an $18.3 million liability and a $17.1 million liability, respectively, and was included in other current liabilities in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
The Credit Agreement is jointly and severally guaranteed by us and substantially all of our domestic subsidiaries. Borrowings under our Credit Agreement are secured by a pledge of substantially all of the capital stock of our U.S. subsidiaries and 65% of the capital stock of certain non-U.S. subsidiaries. Additionally, the Credit Agreement requires us to pay a fee based on the total amount of the revolving credit facility commitment.
Our Credit Agreement contains numerous restrictive covenants that, among other things, limit our ability to incur additional indebtedness, pay dividends or make distributions to stockholders, repurchase capital stock or debt, make investments, sell assets or subsidiary stock, create or permit liens on assets, engage in transactions with affiliates, enter into sale/leaseback transactions, issue subsidiary equity and enter into consolidations or mergers. Our Credit Agreement also currently requires us to maintain a minimum coverage ratio of interest and a maximum leverage ratio of EBITDA (as defined in the Credit Agreement) to funded debt.
On March 2, 2007, we entered into a $50.0 million credit note with Wells Fargo Bank for the purpose of purchasing eligible investments, which include cash equivalents, agency securities, A1/P1 commercial paper and eligible money market funds. The proceeds of this note will not be made generally available to us, but will instead be deposited in an investment account maintained by Wells Fargo Bank and will be used and applied solely to purchase eligible investment securities. Borrowings under the revolving credit note bear interest at 0.25% and the original termination date of the note, which was December 3, 2007, was extended to September 1, 2008 through a written amendment. As of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, there were no amounts outstanding under this revolving credit note.
On August 1, 2007, we entered into a $4.0 million revolving note with LaSalle Bank, which was subsequently acquired by Bank of America (BofA), for the purpose of purchasing LaSalle Bank commercial paper or A1/P1 prime commercial paper (as defined in the revolving note). The proceeds of this note will not be made generally available to us, but will instead be deposited in an investment account maintained by LaSalle Bank and will be used and applied solely to purchase commercial paper.
14
CB RICHARD ELLIS GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(Unaudited)
9. Debt (Continued)
Borrowings under the revolving note bear interest at 0.25% with a maturity date of August 1, 2008. As of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, there were no amounts outstanding under this revolving note.
On March 4, 2008, we entered into a $35.0 million credit and security agreement with BofA for the purpose of purchasing eligible financial instruments, which include A1/P1 commercial paper, U.S. Treasury securities, GSE discount notes (as defined in the credit and security agreement) and money market funds. The proceeds of this note will not be made generally available to us, but will instead be deposited in an investment account maintained by BofA and will be used and applied solely to purchase eligible financial instruments. Borrowings under the revolving note bear interest at 1.0% with a maturity date of February 28, 2009. As of June 30, 2008, there were no amounts outstanding under this revolving note.
Our wholly-owned subsidiary, CBRE Melody, has the following warehouse lines of credit: credit agreements with JP Morgan Chase Bank, N.A. (JP Morgan) and BofA for the purpose of funding mortgage loans that will be resold, and a funding arrangement with Red Mortgage Capital Inc. (Red Capital) for the purpose of funding originations of multi-family property mortgage loans. Additionally, CBRE Melody previously had a credit agreement with Washington Mutual Bank, FA (WaMu) for the purpose of funding mortgage loans that would be resold, which was terminated by WaMu on January 28, 2008.
On November 15, 2005, CBRE Melody entered into a secured credit agreement with JP Morgan to establish a warehouse line of credit. This agreement provided for a $250.0 million senior secured revolving line of credit and bore interest at the daily Chase London LIBOR rate plus 0.75%. On September 13, 2007, CBRE Melody entered into an amendment to their secured credit agreement with JP Morgan, which increased the senior secured revolving line of credit from $250.0 million to $350.0 million, with the additional $100.0 million bearing interest at the Chase London LIBOR rate plus 0.85%. On November 30, 2007, CBRE Melody executed an amendment to extend the maturity date of the agreement to May 31, 2008. This amendment also changed the interest rate to Chase London LIBOR plus 1.00% on amounts outstanding aggregating $250.0 million or less and Chase London LIBOR plus 1.10% on outstanding amounts in excess of $250.0 million. On April 16, 2008, CBRE Melody entered into an amendment which reduced the senior secured revolving line of credit from $350.0 million to $210.0 million, with borrowings up to $150.0 million bearing interest at LIBOR plus 1.00% and borrowings in excess of $150.0 million up to $210.0 million bearing interest at LIBOR plus 1.10%. On May 31, 2008, CBRE Melody executed an amendment to extend the maturity date of the agreement to May 30, 2009.
Effective July 1, 2006, CBRE Melody entered into a $200.0 million multi-family mortgage loan repurchase agreement, or Repo Agreement, with WaMu. Under the Repo Agreement, CBRE Melody originated multi-family loans and sold such loans to one or more investors, including Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, Ginnie Mae or any of several private institutional investors. WaMu agreed to purchase certain qualifying mortgage loans after such loans had been originated, but prior to sale to one of the aforementioned investors, on a servicing retained basis, subject to CBRE Melody's obligation to repurchase the mortgage loan. Effective August 20, 2007, CBRE Melody entered into a first amendment to the Repo Agreement with WaMu. This amendment provided for, among other things, a change in interest rate from one-month LIBOR, set daily plus 0.75% to one-month LIBOR, set daily plus 0.70%. The Repo Agreement was to continue indefinitely unless or until thirty days written notice
15
CB RICHARD ELLIS GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(Unaudited)
9. Debt (Continued)
was delivered, prior to the termination date, by either CBRE Melody or WaMu. The Repo Agreement was terminated by WaMu effective January 28, 2008.
In February 2008, CBRE Melody established a funding arrangement with Red Capital for the purpose of funding originations of Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae multi-family property mortgage loans. Each funding is separately approved on a transaction-by-transaction basis where Red Capital commits to purchase a 100% participation interest in qualifying mortgage loans that are subject to a rate-lock commitment from Freddie Mac or Fannie Mae. Under the arrangement, a participation is funded when a mortgage loan is originated, on a servicing retained basis, subject to CBRE Melody's obligation to repurchase the participation interest upon ultimate sale of the mortgage loan to Freddie Mac or Fannie Mae.
On April 16, 2008, CBRE Melody entered into a secured credit agreement with BofA to establish a warehouse line of credit. The agreement provides for a $125.0 million senior secured revolving line of credit, bears interest at the daily one-month LIBOR rate plus 1.00% and expires on April 15, 2009.
During the six months ended June 30, 2008, we had a maximum of $307.9 million of warehouse lines of credit principal outstanding. As of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, we had $183.3 million and $255.8 million of warehouse lines of credit principal outstanding, respectively, which are included in short-term borrowings in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Additionally, we had $183.3 million and $255.8 million of mortgage loans held for sale (warehouse receivables), which represented mortgage loans funded through the lines of credit that, while committed to be purchased, had not yet been purchased as of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively, and which are also included in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
On July 31, 2006, CBRE Melody entered into a $60.0 million revolving credit note with JP Morgan for the purpose of purchasing qualified investment securities, which include but are not limited to U.S. Treasury and Agency securities. The proceeds of this note will not be made generally available to CBRE Melody, but will instead be deposited in an investment account maintained by JP Morgan and will be used and applied solely to purchase qualified investment securities. Borrowings under the revolving credit note will bear interest at 0.50%. Initially, all outstanding principal on this note and all accrued interest unpaid was to be due and payable on demand, or if no demand was made, then on or before July 31, 2007. Effective May 1, 2007, CBRE Melody executed an amendment which increased the revolving credit note to $100.0 million and extended the maturity date to April 30, 2008. On November 30, 2007, CBRE Melody executed an amendment which further extended the maturity date to May 31, 2008. On May 31, 2008, CBRE Melody executed an amendment which further extended the maturity date to May 30, 2009. As of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, there were no amounts outstanding under this revolving credit note.
On April 30, 2007, Trammell Crow Company Acquisitions II, L.P. (Acquisitions II), a legal entity within our Development Services segment that we consolidate, entered into a $100.0 million revolving credit agreement with WestLB AG, as administrative agent for a lender group. Borrowings under this credit agreement are used to fund acquisitions of real estate prior to receipt of capital contributions of Acquisitions II investors and permanent project financing. Borrowings under this agreement bear interest at the daily British Bankers Association LIBOR rate plus 0.65% and this agreement expires on April 30, 2010. Subject to certain conditions, Acquisitions II can extend the maturity date of the credit
16
CB RICHARD ELLIS GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(Unaudited)
9. Debt (Continued)
facility for an additional term of not longer than 12 months and may increase the maximum commitment to an amount not exceeding $150.0 million. Borrowings under the line are non-recourse to us and are secured by the capital commitments of the investors in Acquisitions II. As of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, there was $46.5 million and $42.6 million, respectively, outstanding under this revolving credit note included in short-term borrowings in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
In connection with our acquisition of Westmark Realty Advisors in 1995 (now known as CB Richard Ellis Investors), we issued approximately $20.0 million in aggregate principal amount of senior notes. The Westmark senior notes are redeemable at the discretion of the note holders and have a final maturity date of June 30, 2010. The interest rate on the Westmark senior notes is currently equal to the interest rate in effect for amounts outstanding under our Credit Agreement plus 12 basis points. The amount of the Westmark senior notes included in short-term borrowings in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets was $9.0 million and $11.2 million as of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively.
Insignia, which we acquired in July 2003, issued loan notes as partial consideration for previous acquisitions of businesses in the U.K. The acquisition loan notes are payable to the sellers of the previously acquired U.K. businesses and are secured by restricted cash deposits in approximately the same amount. The acquisition loan notes are redeemable semi-annually at the discretion of the note holder and have a final maturity date of April 2010. As of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, $1.6 million and $1.9 million, respectively, of the acquisition loan notes were outstanding and are included in short-term borrowings in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
In February 2008, in connection with the purchase of Paul Gee & Co. in Scotland, we issued loan notes that are payable to the sellers. The notes can be redeemed by the sellers at any time after August 1, 2008 through June 30, 2011 and bear interest at 5%. The amount of Paul Gee acquisition loan notes included in short-term borrowings in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets was $1.0 million at June 30, 2008.
A significant number of our subsidiaries in Europe have had a Euro cash pool loan since 2001, which is used to fund their short-term liquidity needs. The Euro cash pool loan is an overdraft line for our European operations issued by HSBC Bank. The Euro cash pool loan has no stated maturity date and bears interest at varying rates based on a base rate as defined by HSBC Bank plus 2.5%. As of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, there were no amounts outstanding under this facility.
10. Commitments and Contingencies
We are a party to a number of pending or threatened lawsuits arising out of, or incident to, our ordinary course of business. Our management believes that any liability imposed upon us that may result from disposition of these lawsuits will not have a material effect on our business, consolidated financial position, cash flows or results of operations.
We had outstanding letters of credit totaling $21.7 million as of June 30, 2008, excluding letters of credit for which we have outstanding liabilities already accrued on our consolidated balance sheet related to our subsidiaries' outstanding reserves for claims under certain insurance programs and indebtedness. These letters of credit are primarily executed by us in the normal course of business of
17
CB RICHARD ELLIS GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(Unaudited)
10. Commitments and Contingencies (Continued)
our Development Services segment as well as in connection with certain insurance programs. The letters of credit expire at varying dates through July 2009.
We had guarantees totaling $38.4 million as of June 30, 2008, excluding guarantees related to consolidated indebtedness, pension liability and operating leases. These guarantees primarily consisted of a $29.8 million guarantee of pension related obligations and liabilities related to one of our defined benefit pension plans in the U.K. The remaining guarantees primarily included debt repayment guarantees of unconsolidated subsidiaries as well as various guarantees of management contracts in our operations overseas. The guarantee obligations related to debt repayment guarantees of unconsolidated subsidiaries expire at varying dates through December 2009. The other guarantees will expire at the end of each of the respective agreements.
In addition, as of June 30, 2008, we had numerous completion and budget guarantees relating to development projects. These guarantees are made by us in the normal course of business. Each of these guarantees requires us to complete construction of the relevant project within a specified timeframe and/or within a specified budget, with us potentially being liable for costs to complete in excess of such timeframe or budget. However, we generally have "guaranteed maximum price" contracts with reputable general contractors with respect to projects for which we provide these guarantees. These contracts are intended to pass the risk to such contractors. While there can be no assurance, we do not expect to incur any material losses under these guarantees.
From time to time, we act as a general contractor with respect to construction projects. We do not consider these activities to be a material part of our business. In connection with these activities, we seek to subcontract construction work for certain projects to reputable subcontractors. Should construction defects arise relating to the underlying projects, we could potentially be liable to the client for the costs to repair such defects; we would generally look to the subcontractor that performed the work to remedy the defect and also look to insurance policies that cover this work. While there can be no assurance, we do not expect to incur material losses with respect to construction defects.
An important part of the strategy for our investment management business involves investing our capital in certain real estate investments with our clients. These co-investments typically range from 2% to 5% of the equity in a particular fund. As of June 30, 2008, we had committed $72.5 million to fund future co-investments.
Additionally, an important part of our development services business strategy is to invest in unconsolidated real estate subsidiaries as a principal (in most cases co-investing with our clients). As of June 30, 2008, we had committed to fund $19.3 million of additional capital to these unconsolidated subsidiaries.
11. Stock-Based Compensation
Stock Incentive Plans
2001 Stock Incentive Plan. Our 2001 stock incentive plan was adopted by our board of directors and approved by our stockholders on June 7, 2001. However, our 2001 stock incentive plan was terminated in June 2004 in connection with the adoption of our 2004 stock incentive plan, which is described below. The 2001 stock incentive plan permitted the grant of nonqualified stock options,
18
CB RICHARD ELLIS GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(Unaudited)
11. Stock-Based Compensation (Continued)
incentive stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units and other stock-based awards to our employees, directors or independent contractors. Since our 2001 stock incentive plan has been terminated, no shares remain available for issuance under it. However, as of June 30, 2008, outstanding stock options granted under the 2001 stock incentive plan to acquire 5,327,484 shares of our Class A common stock remain outstanding according to their terms, and we will continue to issue shares to the extent required under the terms of such outstanding awards. Options granted under this plan have an exercise price of $1.92 and vest and are exercisable in 20% annual increments over five years from the date of grant. Options granted under the 2001 stock incentive plan are subject to a maximum term of ten years from the date of grant. The number of shares issued pursuant to the stock incentive plan, or pursuant to outstanding awards, is subject to adjustment on account of stock splits, stock dividends and other dilutive changes in our Class A common stock. In the event of a change of control of our company, all outstanding options will become fully vested and exercisable.
Second Amended and Restated 2004 Stock Incentive Plan. Our 2004 stock incentive plan was adopted by our board of directors and approved by our stockholders on April 21, 2004, was amended and restated on April 14, 2005, was amended on September 6, 2006 and June 1, 2007, and was amended and restated again on June 2, 2008. The 2004 stock incentive plan authorizes the grant of stock-based awards to our employees, directors or independent contractors. A total of 20,785,218 shares of our Class A common stock initially were reserved for issuance under the 2004 stock incentive plan, which increased by 10,000,000 shares to a total of 30,785,218 shares with our most recent amendment and restatement. For awards granted prior to June 2, 2008 under this plan, this share reserve was reduced by one share upon grant of an option or stock appreciation right, and was reduced by 2.25 shares upon issuance of stock pursuant to other stock-based awards. For awards granted on or after June 2, 2008 under this plan, this share reserve is reduced by one share upon grant of all awards. In addition, full value awards, i.e. awards other than stock options and stock appreciation rights, are limited to no more than 75% of the total share reserve. Awards that expire, terminate or lapse will again be available for grant under this plan. Prior to June 2, 2008, pursuant to the terms of our original 2004 stock incentive plan, no employee was eligible to be granted options or stock appreciation rights covering more than 6,235,566 shares during any calendar year. This limitation was subject to a policy adopted by our board of directors, which states that no person is eligible to be granted options, stock appreciation rights or restricted stock purchase rights covering more than 2,078,523 shares during any calendar year or to be granted any other form of stock award covering more than 1,039,260 shares during any calendar year. Effective June 2, 2008, no person is eligible to be granted awards in the aggregate covering more than 2,000,000 shares during any calendar year. The number of shares issued or reserved pursuant to the 2004 stock incentive plan, or pursuant to outstanding awards, is subject to adjustment on account of mergers, consolidations, reorganizations, stock splits, stock dividends and other dilutive changes in our common stock. In addition, our board of directors may adjust outstanding awards to preserve the awards' benefits or potential benefits.
As of June 30, 2008, 6,282,792 shares were subject to options issued under our 2004 stock incentive plan and 14,279,958 shares remained available for future grants under the 2004 stock incentive plan. Options granted under this plan during the six months ended June 30, 2008 have an exercise price of $22.00, which vest and are exercisable in equal quarterly increments over three years from the date of grant.
19
CB RICHARD ELLIS GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(Unaudited)
11. Stock-Based Compensation (Continued)
A summary of the status of our option plans is presented in the tables below:
|
Shares | Weighted Average Exercise Price |
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Outstanding at December 31, 2007 |
12,566,895 | $ | 9.38 | ||||
Exercised |
(672,742 | ) | 4.28 | ||||
Granted |
22,720 | 22.00 | |||||
Forfeited |
(301,077 | ) | 15.50 | ||||
Expired |
(5,520 | ) | 23.46 | ||||
Outstanding at June 30, 2008 |
11,610,276 | $ | 9.49 | ||||
Vested and expected to vest at June 30, 2008 (1) |
11,469,596 | $ | 9.49 | ||||
Exercisable at June 30, 2008 |
6,782,714 | $ | 5.67 | ||||
Options outstanding at June 30, 2008 and their related weighted average exercise price, intrinsic value and life information is presented below:
|
Outstanding Options | Exercisable Options | ||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Exercise Prices
|
Number Outstanding |
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life |
Weighted Average Exercise Price |
Aggregate Intrinsic Value |
Number Exercisable |
Weighted Average Exercise Price |
Aggregate Intrinsic Value |
|||||||||||||||
$1.92 |
5,327,484 | 4.6 | $ | 1.92 | 4,204,890 | $ | 1.92 | |||||||||||||||
$6.33 - $7.46 |
2,071,406 | 1.3 | 7.44 | 1,376,906 | 7.43 | |||||||||||||||||
$11.10 - $15.43 |
2,215,718 | 4.1 | 15.18 | 967,834 | 15.04 | |||||||||||||||||
$22.00 - $25.67 |
878,114 | 5.2 | 23.51 | 223,478 | 23.55 | |||||||||||||||||
$27.19 - $37.43 |
1,117,554 | 6.2 | 27.36 | 9,606 | 35.49 | |||||||||||||||||
11,610,276 | 4.1 | $ | 9.49 | $ | 125,313,664 | 6,782,714 | $ | 5.67 | $ | 92,879,404 | ||||||||||||
At June 30, 2008, the aggregate intrinsic value and weighted average remaining contractual life for options vested and expected to vest were $124.4 million and 4.1 years, respectively.
In accordance with SFAS No. 123 (Revised), "Share Based Payment," we estimate the fair value of our options using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, which takes into account assumptions such as the dividend yield, the risk-free interest rate, the expected stock price volatility and the expected life of the options.
The total estimated grant date fair value of stock options that vested during the six months ended June 30, 2008 was $0.4 million. The weighted average fair value of options granted by us was $9.56 and $16.43 for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively, and $9.56 and $15.69 for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The fair value of each option grant is estimated
20
CB RICHARD ELLIS GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(Unaudited)
11. Stock-Based Compensation (Continued)
on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, utilizing the following weighted average assumptions:
|
Three Months Ended June 30, |
Six Months Ended June 30, |
|||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||
Dividend yield |
0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | |||||||||
Risk-free interest rate |
2.93% | 4.92% | 2.93% | 4.68% | |||||||||
Expected volatility |
44.52% | 40.00% | 44.52% | 40.00% | |||||||||
Expected life |
5 years | 5 years | 5 years | 5 years |
The dividend yield assumption is excluded from the calculation, as it is our present intention to retain all earnings. The expected volatility is based on a combination of our historical stock price and implied volatility. The selection of implied volatility data to estimate expected volatility is based upon the availability of actively traded options on our stock. The risk-free interest rate is based upon the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant for periods corresponding with the expected life of the options. The expected life of our stock options represents the estimated period of time until exercise and is based on historical experience of similar options, giving consideration to the contractual terms, vesting schedules and expectations of future employee behavior.
Option valuation models require the input of subjective assumptions including the expected stock price volatility and expected life. Because our employee stock options have characteristics significantly different from those of traded options and because changes in the subjective input assumptions can materially affect the fair value estimate, we do not believe that the Black-Scholes model necessarily provides a reliable single measure of the fair value of our employee stock options.
Total compensation expense related to stock options was $2.5 million and $2.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively, and $5.3 million and $4.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. In addition, during the three and six months ended June 30, 2007, we incurred $0.2 million and $9.8 million, respectively, of expense resulting from the acceleration of vesting of stock options in connection with the termination of duplicative employees as a result of the Trammell Crow Company Acquisition, which is included in merger-related charges in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations. At June 30, 2008, total unrecognized estimated compensation cost related to non-vested stock options was approximately $20.4 million, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately 2.4 years.
The total intrinsic value of stock options exercised during the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 was $10.7 million and $46.8 million, respectively. We recorded cash received from stock option exercises of $2.9 million and $8.2 million and related tax benefits of $4.0 million and $15.1 million during the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Upon option exercise, we issue new shares of stock. Excess tax benefits exist when the tax deduction resulting from the exercise of options exceeds the compensation cost recorded.
We have issued non-vested stock awards, including shares and stock units, in our Class A common stock to certain of our employees and members of our board of directors. During the six months ended June 30, 2008, we granted non-vested stock awards of 15,900 shares, which vest in three years from the
21
CB RICHARD ELLIS GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(Unaudited)
11. Stock-Based Compensation (Continued)
date of grant. During the six months ended June 30, 2007, we granted non-vested stock awards of 74,415 shares, of which 57,902 shares were restricted stock awards which immediately vested at the date of grant, with the remaining shares vesting either in three years from the date of grant or in equal annual increments over four years from the date of grant. In addition, we granted 529,907 and 290,497 of non-vested stock units to certain of our employees during the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. These non-vested stock units all vest in 2016. A summary of the status of our non-vested stock awards is presented in the table below:
|
Shares/Units | Weighted Average Market Value Per Share |
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Balance at December 31, 2007 |
2,493,581 | $ | 26.52 | ||||
Granted |
545,807 | 19.18 | |||||
Vested |
(13,671 | ) | 15.81 | ||||
Forfeited |
(106,718 | ) | 26.27 | ||||
Balance at June 30, 2008 |
2,918,999 | $ | 25.21 | ||||
Total compensation expense related to non-vested stock awards was $3.9 million and $8.1 million, respectively, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008. Total compensation expense was $2.8 million and $7.5 million, respectively, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007. This includes $2.0 million of compensation expense related to the 57,902 shares of restricted stock, which immediately vested at the date of grant during the six months ended June 30, 2007. In addition, during the three and six months ended June 30, 2007, we incurred $0.1 million and $1.0 million, respectively, of expense resulting from the acceleration of vesting of non-vested stock awards in connection with the termination of duplicative employees as a result of the Trammell Crow Company Acquisition, which is included in merger-related charges in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations. At June 30, 2008, total unrecognized estimated compensation cost related to non-vested stock awards was approximately $58.7 million, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately 4.8 years.
12. Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during each period. Where appropriate, the computation of diluted earnings per share further assumes the dilutive effect of potential common shares, which include stock options and certain contingently issuable shares. Contingently issuable shares represent non-vested stock awards. In accordance with SFAS No. 128, "Earnings Per Share," these shares are included in the
22
CB RICHARD ELLIS GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(Unaudited)
12. Earnings Per Share (Continued)
dilutive earnings per share calculation under the treasury stock method. The following is a calculation of earnings per share (dollars in thousands, except share data):
|
Three Months Ended June 30, | |||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
Income | Shares | Per Share Amount |
Income | Shares | Per Share Amount |
||||||||||||||
Basic earnings per share: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Net income applicable to common stockholders |
$ | 16,563 | 203,435,495 | $ | 0.08 | $ | 141,135 | 230,543,095 | $ | 0.61 | ||||||||||
Diluted earnings per share: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Net income applicable to common stockholders |
$ | 16,563 | 203,435,495 | $ | 141,135 | 230,543,095 | ||||||||||||||
Dilutive effect of contingently issuable shares |
| 356,170 | | 636,270 | ||||||||||||||||
Dilutive effect of stock options |
| 4,596,898 | | 6,296,219 | ||||||||||||||||
Net income applicable to common stockholders |
$ | 16,563 | 208,388,563 | $ | 0.08 | $ | 141,135 | 237,475,584 | $ | 0.59 | ||||||||||
|
Six Months Ended June 30, | |||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
Income | Shares | Per Share Amount |
Income | Shares | Per Share Amount |
||||||||||||||
Basic earnings per share: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Net income applicable to common stockholders |
$ | 37,017 | 203,273,086 | $ | 0.18 | $ | 153,112 | 230,105,706 | $ | 0.67 | ||||||||||
Diluted earnings per share: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Net income applicable to common stockholders |
$ | 37,017 | 203,273,086 | $ | 153,112 | 230,105,706 | ||||||||||||||
Dilutive effect of contingently issuable shares |
| 247,266 | | 591,028 | ||||||||||||||||
Dilutive effect of stock options |
| 4,539,349 | | 6,509,610 | ||||||||||||||||
Net income applicable to common stockholders |
$ | 37,017 | 208,059,701 | $ | 0.18 | $ | 153,112 | 237,206,344 | $ | 0.65 | ||||||||||
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2008, options to purchase 1,975,288 shares of common stock were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share because their inclusion would have had an anti-dilutive effect. There were 35,970 anti-dilutive shares for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007.
23
CB RICHARD ELLIS GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(Unaudited)
13. Comprehensive Income
Comprehensive income consists of net income and other comprehensive income. In the accompanying consolidated balance sheets, accumulated other comprehensive income consists of foreign currency translation adjustments, unrealized gains on interest rate swaps and interest rate caps, unrealized holding gains (losses) on available for sale securities and pension adjustments. Foreign currency translation adjustments exclude any income tax effect given that the earnings of non-U.S. subsidiaries are deemed to be reinvested for an indefinite period of time.
The following table provides a summary of comprehensive income (dollars in thousands):
|
Three Months Ended June 30, |
Six Months Ended June 30, |
||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||
Net income |
$ | 16,563 | $ | 141,135 | $ | 37,017 | $ | 153,112 | ||||||
Other comprehensive income: |
||||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation gains and other |
2,998 | 5,825 | 18,832 | 8,055 | ||||||||||
Unrealized gains on interest rate swaps and interest rate caps, net |
16,960 | 8,021 | 1,329 | 8,286 | ||||||||||
Unrealized holding gains (losses) on available for sale securities, net |
1,805 | (83 | ) | 548 | 937 | |||||||||
Total other comprehensive income |
21,763 | 13,763 | 20,709 | 17,278 | ||||||||||
Comprehensive income |
$ | 38,326 | $ | 154,898 | $ | 57,726 | $ | 170,390 | ||||||
14. Pensions
We have two contributory defined benefit pension plans in the U.K., which we acquired in connection with previous acquisitions. Our subsidiaries based in the U.K. maintain the plans to provide retirement benefits to existing and former employees participating in these plans. During the third quarter of 2007, we reached agreements with the active members of these plans to freeze future pension plan benefits. In return, the active members became eligible to enroll in the CBRE Group Personal Pension Plan, a defined contribution plan in the U.K.
Net periodic pension (benefit) cost consisted of the following (dollars in thousands):
|
Three Months Ended June 30, |
Six Months Ended June 30, |
|||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||
Service cost |
$ | | $ | 1,920 | $ | | $ | 3,852 | |||||
Interest cost |
4,627 | 4,137 | 9,307 | 8,209 | |||||||||
Expected return on plan assets |
(4,909 | ) | (4,364 | ) | (9,842 | ) | (8,655 | ) | |||||
Amortization of prior service benefit |
| (220 | ) | | (437 | ) | |||||||
Amortization of unrecognized net loss |
163 | 475 | 328 | 942 | |||||||||
Net periodic pension (benefit) cost |
$ | (119 | ) | $ | 1,948 | $ | (207 | ) | $ | 3,911 | |||
24
CB RICHARD ELLIS GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(Unaudited)
14. Pensions (Continued)
We contributed $1.2 million and $2.4 million to fund our pension plans during the three and six months ended June 30, 2008, respectively. We expect to contribute a total of $4.7 million to fund our pension plans for the year ending December 31, 2008.
15. Merger-Related Charges
In connection with the Trammell Crow Company Acquisition, we recorded merger-related charges of $2.9 million and $34.7 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007. These charges primarily related to the termination of employees as well as the exit of facilities that were occupied by us prior to the Trammell Crow Company Acquisition, both of which became duplicative as a result of the Trammell Crow Company Acquisition.
We recorded charges for the exit of these facilities as premises were vacated and for redundant employees as these employees were terminated, both in accordance with SFAS No. 146, "Accounting for Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities." The remaining liability associated with items previously charged to merger-related charges in connection with the Trammell Crow Company Acquisition consisted of the following (dollars in thousands):
|
Liability Balance at December 31, 2007 |
2008 Utilization |
To be Utilized at June 30, 2008 |
|||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lease termination costs |
$ | 14,517 | $ | (2,942 | ) | $ | 11,575 | |||
Severance |
1,005 | (1,005 | ) | | ||||||
Total merger-related charges |
$ | 15,522 | $ | (3,947 | ) | $ | 11,575 | |||
16. Disposition of Real Estate
Gains on disposition of real estate are recognized upon sale of the underlying project in accordance with SFAS No. 66, "Accounting for Sales of Real Estate." We evaluate each real estate transaction to determine if it qualifies for gain recognition under the full accrual method. If the transaction does not meet the criteria for the full accrual method of profit recognition based on our assessment, we account for a sale based on an appropriate deferral method determined by the nature and extent of the buyer's investment and our continuing involvement. Our gain on disposition of real estate was $4.0 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008.
17. Sale of Savills plc
In January 2007, we sold Trammell Crow Company's approximately 19% ownership interest in Savills plc and generated a pre-tax loss of $34.9 million during the six months ended June 30, 2007, which was largely driven by stock price depreciation at the date of sale as compared to December 31, 2006 when the investment was marked to market. The loss is included in other loss in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. We received approximately $311.0 million of pre-tax proceeds from the sale, net of selling expenses.
25
CB RICHARD ELLIS GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(Unaudited)
18. Liabilities Related to Acquisitions
The Trammell Crow Company Acquisition gave rise to the acceleration of vesting of some restricted shares of Trammell Crow Company common stock as a result of the change in control of Trammell Crow Company as well as costs associated with exiting contracts and other contractual obligations. Additionally, the Trammell Crow Company Acquisition gave rise to the consolidation and elimination of some Trammell Crow Company duplicate facilities and redundant employees as well as lawsuits involving Trammell Crow Company. As a result, we accrued certain liabilities in accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) Issue No. 95-3, "Recognition of Liabilities in Connection with a Purchase Business Combination." The remaining liabilities assumed in connection with the Trammell Crow Company Acquisition consist of the following and are included in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets (dollars in thousands):
|
Liability Balance at December 31, 2007 |
2008 Utilization |
To be Utilized at June 30, 2008 |
|||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Costs associated with exiting contracts and other contractual obligations |
$ | 9,772 | $ | (9,280 | ) | $ | 492 | |||
Lease termination costs |
7,050 | (2,254 | ) | 4,796 | ||||||
Legal settlements anticipated |
3,819 | (216 | ) | 3,603 | ||||||
Severance |
1,984 | (1,984 | ) | | ||||||
$ | 22,625 | $ | (13,734 | ) | $ | 8,891 | ||||
The Insignia Acquisition gave rise to the consolidation and elimination of some Insignia duplicate facilities as well as the termination of certain contracts as a result of a change of control of Insignia. As a result, we accrued certain liabilities in accordance with EITF Issue No. 95-3. The remaining liabilities assumed in connection with the Insignia Acquisition consist of the following and are included in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets (dollars in thousands):
|
Liability Balance at December 31, 2007 |
2008 Utilization |
To be Utilized at June 30, 2008 |
|||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lease termination costs |
$ | 6,421 | $ | (1,151 | ) | $ | 5,270 | |||
Legal settlements anticipated |
2,143 | (10 | ) | 2,133 | ||||||
$ | 8,564 | $ | (1,161 | ) | $ | 7,403 | ||||
The remaining liability associated with items previously charged to merger-related charges in connection with the Insignia Acquisition consisted of the following (dollars in thousands):
|
Liability Balance at December 31, 2007 |
2008 Utilization |
To be Utilized at June 30, 2008 |
|||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lease termination costs |
$ | 10,799 | $ | (1,201 | ) | $ | 9,598 |
19. Fair Value of Financial Instruments
SFAS No. 157 requires disclosure of fair value information about financial instruments, whether or not recognized in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Fair value is defined as the price that
26
CB RICHARD ELLIS GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(Unaudited)
19. Fair Value of Financial Instruments (Continued)
would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value estimates of financial instruments are not necessarily indicative of the amounts we might pay or receive in actual market transactions. The use of different market assumptions and/or estimation methodologies may have a material effect on the estimated fair value amounts.
Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash: These balances include cash and cash equivalents as well as restricted cash with maturities of less than three months. The carrying amount approximates fair value due to the short-term maturities of these instruments.
Receivables, less Allowance for Doubtful Accounts: Due to their short-term nature, fair value approximates carrying value.
Warehouse Receivables: Due to their short-term nature, fair value approximates carrying value. Fair value is determined based on the terms and conditions of funded mortgage loans and generally reflects the values of the warehouse lines of credit outstanding for our wholly-owned subsidiary, CBRE Melody (See Note 9).
Available for Sale Securities: These investments are carried at their fair value. During the three months ended June 30, 2008, we recorded a $4.6 million write-down of our investment in New City Residence Investment Corp. due to a decline in market valuation, which is recorded in other loss in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. The fair value measurement utilized was the stock price quoted on the Tokyo Stock Exchange, which is included in Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy under SFAS No. 157.
Short-Term Borrowings: The majority of this balance represents our revolving credit facility and our warehouse lines of credit outstanding for CBRE Melody. Due to the variable interest rates of these instruments, fair value approximates carrying value (See Note 9).
Senior Secured Term Loans, Long-Term Debt and Notes Payable on Real Estate: Borrowings are floating rate instruments and we believe that for similar financial instruments with comparable credit risks, the stated interest rates as of June 30, 2008 (floating rates at spreads over a market rate index) approximate market rates. Accordingly, the carrying value is believed to approximate fair value (See Note 9).
20. Industry Segments
We report our operations through five segments. The segments are as follows: (1) Americas, (2) EMEA, (3) Asia Pacific, (4) Global Investment Management and (5) Development Services.
The Americas segment is our largest segment of operations and provides a comprehensive range of services throughout the United States and in the largest regions of Canada and selected parts of Latin America. The primary services offered consist of the following: real estate services, mortgage loan origination and servicing, valuation services, asset services and corporate services.
Our EMEA and Asia Pacific segments provide services similar to the Americas business segment. The EMEA segment has operations primarily in Europe, while the Asia Pacific segment has operations primarily in Asia, Australia and New Zealand.
27
CB RICHARD ELLIS GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(Unaudited)
20. Industry Segments (Continued)
Our Global Investment Management business provides investment management services to clients seeking to generate returns and diversification through investments in real estate in the United States, Europe and Asia.
Our Development Services business consists of real estate development and investment activities primarily in the United States, which we acquired in the Trammell Crow Company Acquisition on December 20, 2006.
28
CB RICHARD ELLIS GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(Unaudited)
20. Industry Segments (Continued)
Summarized financial information by segment is as follows (dollars in thousands):
|
Three Months Ended June 30, |
Six Months Ended June 30, |
||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||
Revenue |
||||||||||||||
Americas |
$ | 785,478 | $ | 934,018 | $ | 1,569,002 | $ | 1,725,903 | ||||||
EMEA |
299,738 | 330,813 | 542,499 | 556,166 | ||||||||||
Asia Pacific |
155,667 | 121,760 | 293,099 | 215,762 | ||||||||||
Global Investment Management |
42,746 | 83,838 | 82,235 | 169,428 | ||||||||||
Development Services |
31,244 | 19,934 | 58,963 | 37,065 | ||||||||||
$ | 1,314,873 | $ | 1,490,363 | $ | 2,545,798 | $ | 2,704,324 | |||||||
Operating income (loss) |
||||||||||||||
Americas |
$ | 47,159 | $ | 92,216 | $ | 109,552 | $ | 113,835 | ||||||
EMEA |
27,244 | 64,489 | 35,224 | 98,125 | ||||||||||
Asia Pacific |
21,663 | 24,598 | 33,980 | 34,534 | ||||||||||
Global Investment Management |
901 | 28,538 | (1,203 | ) | 67,205 | |||||||||
Development Services |
(9,118 | ) | (11,225 | ) | (19,372 | ) | (21,955 | ) | ||||||
87,849 | 198,616 | 158,181 | 291,744 | |||||||||||
Equity income (loss) from unconsolidated subsidiaries |
||||||||||||||
Americas |
1,626 | 5,379 | (8,461 | ) | 9,642 | |||||||||
EMEA |
498 | 237 | 473 | 632 | ||||||||||
Asia Pacific |
19 | (15 | ) | 7 | (18 | ) | ||||||||
Global Investment Management |
(12,715 | ) | 12,071 | (12,809 | ) | 11,756 | ||||||||
Development Services |
(1,180 | ) | 8,243 | (1,724 | ) | 8,152 | ||||||||
(11,752 | ) | 25,915 | (22,514 | ) | 30,164 | |||||||||
Minority interest expense (income) |
||||||||||||||
Americas |
251 | 214 | 580 | 484 | ||||||||||
EMEA |
51 | 676 | (430 | ) | 890 | |||||||||
Asia Pacific |
1,726 | 3,121 | 2,102 | 4,988 | ||||||||||
Global Investment Management |
(103 | ) | 175 | (127 | ) | 213 | ||||||||
Development Services |
(4,407 | ) | (4,351 | ) | (9,732 | ) | (3,840 | ) | ||||||
(2,482 | ) | (165 | ) | (7,607 | ) | 2,735 | ||||||||
Other loss |
4,607 | | 4,607 | 37,534 | ||||||||||
Interest income |
4,481 | 5,972 | 9,707 | 12,985 | ||||||||||
Interest expense |
41,560 | 42,173 | 84,565 | 84,155 | ||||||||||
Income before provision for income taxes |
$ | 36,893 | $ | 188,495 | $ | 63,809 | $ | 210,469 | ||||||
21. New Accounting Pronouncements
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 158, "Employers' Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plansan amendment of FASB Statements No. 87, 88, 106, and 132(R)." SFAS No. 158 requires an employer to recognize the funded status of each pension and other
29
CB RICHARD ELLIS GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(Unaudited)
21. New Accounting Pronouncements (Continued)
post-retirement benefit plan as an asset or liability on their balance sheet with all unrecognized amounts to be recorded in other comprehensive income. As required, we adopted this provision of SFAS No. 158 and initially applied it to the funded status of our defined benefit pension plans as of December 31, 2006. SFAS No. 158 also ultimately requires an employer to measure the funded status of a plan as of the date of the employer's fiscal year-end statement of financial position. As required, we will adopt the provisions of SFAS No. 158 relative to the measurement date in our fiscal year ending December 31, 2008. We are currently evaluating the impact, if any, that the full adoption of SFAS No. 158 will have on our consolidated financial position and results of operations.
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, "Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial StatementsAn Amendment of ARB No. 51." SFAS No. 160 establishes accounting and reporting standards for a parent company's noncontrolling interest in a subsidiary and for the deconsolidation of a subsidiary. Under SFAS No. 160, a change in control will be measured at fair value, with any gain or loss recognized in earnings. SFAS No. 160 is effective for fiscal years and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning on or after December 15, 2008. We are currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of SFAS No. 160 on our consolidated financial position and results of operations.
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141 (Revised 2007), "Business Combinations," or SFAS No. 141R. SFAS No. 141R amends SFAS No. 141 and provides revised guidance for recognizing and measuring assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination. This statement also requires that transaction costs in a business combination be expensed as incurred. Changes in acquired tax contingencies, including those existing at the date of adoption, will be recognized in earnings if outside the maximum allocation period (generally one year). SFAS No. 141R will apply prospectively to business combinations for which the acquisition date is after fiscal years beginning on or after December 15, 2008. We are currently evaluating the impact of SFAS No. 141R.
In February 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position (FSP) 157-2, "Effective Date of SFAS No. 157." FSP 157-2 delays the effective date of SFAS No. 157 for all non-financial assets and liabilities, except for items that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis (at least annually), until fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008, and interim periods within those fiscal years. We adopted the provisions of SFAS No. 157 for financial assets and liabilities as of January 1, 2008 and there was no significant impact to our consolidated financial position and results of operations. We are currently evaluating the impact that SFAS No. 157 will have on our consolidated financial position and results of operations when it is applied to non-financial assets and liabilities, except for items that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis.
In March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161, "Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, an amendment of SFAS No. 133." SFAS No. 161 requires additional disclosures about the objectives of the derivative instruments and hedging activities, the method of accounting for such instruments under SFAS No. 133 and its related interpretations, and a tabular disclosure of the effects of such instruments and related hedged items on our financial position, financial performance and cash flows. SFAS No. 161 is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008. We are currently evaluating the disclosure impact of the adoption of SFAS No. 161 on our consolidated financial statements.
30
CB RICHARD ELLIS GROUP, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
(Unaudited)
21. New Accounting Pronouncements (Continued)
In April 2008, the FASB issued FSP 142-3, "Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible Assets." FSP 142-3 amends the factors that should be considered in developing renewal or extension assumptions used to determine the useful life of a recognized intangible asset under SFAS No. 142, "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets." The intent of this FSP is to improve the consistency between the useful life of a recognized intangible asset and the period of expected cash flows used to measure the fair value of the asset under SFAS No. 141, and other GAAP. FSP 142-3 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008, and interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption prohibited. We are currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of FSP 142-3 on our consolidated financial position and results of operations.
In May 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 162, "The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles." SFAS No. 162 identifies the sources of accounting principles and the framework for selecting principles to be used in the preparation of financial statements of nongovernmental entities that are presented in conformity with GAAP in the United States. This statement shall be effective 60 days following the SEC's approval of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board's amendments to AU section 411, "The Meaning of Present Fairly in Conformity with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles." We are currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of SFAS No. 162 on our consolidated financial position and results of operations.
In May 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 163, "Accounting for Financial Guarantee Insurance Contractsan interpretation of FASB Statement No. 60." SFAS No. 163 requires that an insurance enterprise recognize a claim liability prior to an event of default (insured event) when there is evidence that credit deterioration has occurred in an insured financial obligation. This statement also clarifies how SFAS No. 60, "Accounting and Reporting by Insurance Enterprises," applies to financial guarantee insurance contracts, including the recognition and measurement to be used to account for premium revenue and claim liabilities. This statement is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2008. We are currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of SFAS No. 163 on our consolidated financial position and results of operations.
In June 2008, the FASB issued EITF Issue No. 08-3, "Accounting by Lessees for Nonrefundable Maintenance Deposits." EITF Issue No. 08-3 requires that nonrefundable maintenance deposits paid by a lessee under an arrangement accounted for as a lease be accounted for as a deposit asset until the underlying maintenance is performed. When the underlying maintenance is performed, the deposit may be expensed or capitalized in accordance with the lessee's maintenance accounting policy. Upon adoption, entities must recognize the effect of the change as a change in accounting principal. EITF Issue No. 08-3 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. We are currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of EITF Issue No. 08-3 on our consolidated financial position and results of operations.
In June 2008, the FASB issued FSP EITF 03-6-1, "Determining Whether Instruments Granted in Share-Based Payment Transactions are Participating Securities." FSP EITF 03-6-1 clarifies that unvested share-based payment awards that contain nonforfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents (whether paid or unpaid) are participating securities and are to be included in the computation of earnings per share under the two-class method described in SFAS No. 128. FSP EITF 03-6-1 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008.
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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for CB Richard Ellis Group, Inc. for the three months ended June 30, 2008, represents an update to the more detailed and comprehensive disclosures included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007. Accordingly, you should read the following discussion in conjunction with the information included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K as well as the unaudited financial statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Overview
We are the world's largest commercial real estate services firm, based on 2007 revenue, with leading full-service operations in major metropolitan areas throughout the world. We offer a full range of services to occupiers, owners, lenders and investors in office, retail, industrial, multi-family and other types of commercial real estate. As of December 31, 2007, excluding affiliate offices, we operated more than 300 offices worldwide with over 29,000 employees providing commercial real estate services under the "CB Richard Ellis" brand name and development services under the "Trammell Crow" brand name. Our business is focused on several service competencies, including tenant representation, property/agency leasing, property sales, commercial property and corporate facilities management, valuation, real estate investment management, development services, commercial mortgage origination and servicing, capital markets (equity and debt) solutions and proprietary research. We generate revenues on a per project or transactional basis and from contractual management fees. In 2006, we became the first commercial real estate services company included in the S&P 500. In 2007, we were ranked #33 on the Fortune list of Fastest Growing U.S. Companies and #16 on the Business Week list of 50 "Best in Class" companies across all industries. In 2008, we became the first commercial real estate services company in the Fortune 500, debuting at #404, up from #520 in 2007, and moved up five spots to #11 on the Business Week 50 list.
When you read our financial statements and the information included in this section, you should consider that we have experienced, and continue to experience, several material trends and uncertainties that have affected our financial condition and results of operations that make it challenging to predict our future performance based on our historical results. We believe that the following material trends and uncertainties are most crucial to an understanding of the variability in our historical earnings and cash flows and the potential for such variances in the future:
Macroeconomic Conditions
Economic trends and government policies directly affect our operations as well as global and regional commercial real estate markets generally. These include: overall economic activity and employment growth, interest rate levels, the availability of credit to finance transactions and the impact of tax and regulatory policies. Periods of economic slowdown or recession, significantly rising interest rates, a declining employment level, a declining demand for real estate or the public perception that any of these events may occur, can negatively affect the performance of many of our business lines. Weak economic conditions could result in a general decrease in transaction activity and decline in rents, which, in turn, would reduce revenue from property management fees and from brokerage commissions derived from property sales and leases. In addition, these conditions could lead to a decline in funds invested in commercial real estate and related assets. An economic downturn or a significant increase in interest rates also may reduce the amount of loan originations and related servicing by our commercial mortgage brokerage business.
Adverse changes in economic conditions would also affect our compensation expense, which is structured to decrease in line with any decrease in revenues. Compensation is our largest expense and the sales and leasing professionals in our largest line of business, advisory services, generally are paid
32
on a commission and bonus basis that correlates with our revenue performance. As a result, the negative effect on our operating margins during difficult market conditions is partially mitigated. In addition, in circumstances when economic conditions are particularly severe, our management can look to improve operational performance by reducing senior management bonuses, curtailing capital expenditures and other cutting of discretionary operating expenses. Notwithstanding these approaches, adverse global and regional economic changes remain one of the most significant risks to our future financial condition and results of operations.
Beginning in 2003, economic conditions in the Americas, our largest segment in terms of revenue, improved from the economic downturn in 2001 and 2002, which positively impacted the commercial real estate market generally. This recovery continued through the second quarter of 2007, helping our Americas segment's revenue to improve, particularly leasing and sales revenue. Since the third quarter of 2007, U.S. economic activity has progressively weakened due initially to stresses in the residential housing and financial sectors, and then made worse by the impact of rising food and energy prices on consumer spending. These conditions also led to negative job growth in the first half of 2008. Weaker economic growth has resulted in a general decline in leasing activity across the United States in 2008, and has caused vacancy rates to increase in most markets. U.S. investment sales activity declined sharply during the first six months of 2008 due to limited availability and cost of financing, especially the absence of securitized debt, which had fueled the recent heightened investment activity, and the resulting gap between buyer and seller expectations of value. A rebound of the U.S. sales and leasing businesses will depend upon credit markets returning to more normalized conditions, and the U.S. economy achieving stronger growth.
The weakening trends experienced in the United States began to manifest in the United Kingdom in the latter part of 2007, and in continental Europe beginning in the first quarter of 2008. As a result, during the first half of 2008, investment sales in Europe slowed markedly and leasing markets weakened. The markets in Asia Pacific also began to experience the effects of the global credit market difficulties and worldwide economic slowdown, as evidenced by lower investment sales activity beginning in the second quarter of 2008.
Effects of Acquisitions
Our management historically has made significant use of strategic acquisitions to add new service competencies, to increase our scale within existing competencies and to expand our presence in various geographic regions around the world. For example, we enhanced our mortgage brokerage services through our 1996 acquisition of L.J. Melody & Company (now known as CBRE Melody) and we significantly increased the scale of our investment management business through our 1995 acquisition of Westmark Realty Advisors (now known as CB Richard Ellis Investors), our 1997 acquisition of Koll Real Estate Services and our 1998 acquisition of the London-based firm Hillier Parker May & Rowden. Our 2003 acquisition of Insignia Financial Group, Inc. (Insignia) significantly increased the scale of our real estate advisory services and outsourcing services business lines in our Americas segment and also significantly increased our presence in the New York, London and Paris metropolitan areas.
In December 2006, we completed our largest acquisition to date in acquiring Trammell Crow Company. The acquisition of Trammell Crow Company deepened our offering of outsourcing services for corporate and institutional clients, especially project and facilities management, strengthened our ability to provide integrated management solutions across geographies, and established people, resources and expertise to offer real estate development services throughout the United States.
Strategic in-fill acquisitions have also been an integral component of our growth plans. In addition, these acquisitions exemplify our efforts to broaden our geographic coverage. Our acquirees have generally been either quality regional firms or niche specialty firms that complement our existing platform within a region or affiliates in which we already held an equity interest. During the six months ended June 30, 2008, we completed 12 acquisitions with an aggregate purchase price of approximately
33
$134 million. These included two notable acquisitions within our EMEA segment: the acquisition of Eurisko Consulting SRL, the largest independent commercial real estate services company in Romania, which extends our ability to deliver the premier commercial real estate services offering across Central and Eastern Europe; and the acquisition of CB Richard Ellis Cederholm A/S, an affiliate company in Denmark, which significantly strengthens our platform in Scandinavia by giving us a wholly-owned position in one of the region's most active property markets. In 2007, we completed 14 acquisitions with an aggregate purchase price of approximately $108 million.
Although our management believes that strategic acquisitions can significantly decrease the cost, time and commitment of management resources necessary to attain a meaningful competitive position within targeted markets or to expand our presence within our current markets, our management also believes that most acquisitions will initially have an adverse impact on our operating and net income, both as a result of transaction-related expenditures and the charges and costs of integrating the acquired business and its financial and accounting systems into our own. For example, through December 31, 2007, we incurred $200.9 million of transaction-related expenditures in connection with our acquisition of Insignia in 2003 (the Insignia Acquisition) and $196.6 million of transaction-related expenditures in connection with our acquisition of Trammell Crow Company in 2006. Transaction-related expenditures included severance costs, lease termination costs, transaction costs, deferred financing costs and merger-related costs, among others. We incurred our final transaction expenditures with respect to the Insignia Acquisition in the third quarter of 2004 and the Trammell Crow Company Acquisition in the fourth quarter of 2007. In addition, through June 30, 2008, we have incurred expenses of $41.7 million related to Insignia and $47.0 million related to Trammell Crow Company in connection with the integration of these company's business lines, as well as accounting and other systems, into our own. During the six months ended June 30, 2008, we incurred $8.4 million related to the acquisitions of Insignia and Trammell Crow Company, as well as $0.8 million of integration expenses associated with other acquisitions completed in 2005 through 2008. We expect to incur total integration expenses of approximately $17.0 million during 2008, which include residual Insignia-related integration costs, integration costs associated with our acquisition of Trammell Crow Company as well as similar costs related to our strategic in-fill acquisitions in 2005 through 2008.
International Operations
We have made significant acquisitions of non-U.S. companies and we may acquire additional foreign companies in the future. As we increase our foreign operations through either acquisitions or organic growth, fluctuations in the value of the U.S. dollar relative to the other currencies in which we may generate earnings could adversely affect our business, financial condition and operating results. Our management team generally seeks to mitigate our exposure by balancing assets and liabilities that are denominated in the same currency and by maintaining cash positions outside the United States only at levels necessary for operating purposes. In addition, from time to time we enter into foreign currency exchange contracts to mitigate our exposure to exchange rate changes related to particular transactions and to hedge risks associated with the translation of foreign currencies into U.S. dollars. Due to the constantly changing currency exposures to which we are subject and the volatility of currency exchange rates, our management cannot predict the effect of exchange rate fluctuations upon future operating results. In addition, fluctuations in currencies relative to the U.S. dollar may make it more difficult to perform period-to-period comparisons of our reported results of operations.
Our international operations also are subject to, among other things, political instability and changing regulatory environments, which may adversely affect our future financial condition and results of operations. Our management routinely monitors these risks and related costs and evaluates the appropriate amount of resources to allocate towards business activities in foreign countries where such risks and costs are particularly significant.
34
Leverage
On December 5, 2006, in connection with our acquisition of Trammell Crow Company, we successfully tendered substantially all of our remaining 93/4% senior notes due in 2010, with the remainder repaid in May of 2007. Although we paid down our high-interest debt in 2006, we borrowed approximately $2.1 billion under our new senior secured term loan facilities in December 2006 to finance our acquisition of Trammell Crow Company. On March 27, 2008, we exercised the accordion provision of our Credit Agreement, which added an additional $300.0 million term loan. As a result, we are highly leveraged and have significant debt service obligations.
Although our management believes that the incurrence of long-term indebtedness has been important in the development of our business, including facilitating our acquisitions of Insignia and Trammell Crow Company, the cash flow necessary to service this debt is not available for other general corporate purposes, which may limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and in the commercial real estate services industry. Our management seeks to mitigate this exposure both through the refinancing of debt when available on attractive terms and through selective repayment and retirement of indebtedness. For example, in June 2006, we entered into a new $600.0 million revolving credit facility, which fully replaced our former credit agreement on more favorable terms. Additionally, we repaid $286.0 million of our senior secured term loans during the year ended December 31, 2007. Our management generally expects to continue to look for opportunities to reduce our debt in the future.
Notwithstanding the actions described above, however, our level of indebtedness and the operating and financial restrictions in our debt agreements both place constraints on the operation of our business.
Critical Accounting Policies
Our consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, which require management to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts. The estimates and assumptions are based on historical experience and on other factors that management believes to be reasonable. Actual results may differ from those estimates. Critical accounting policies represent the areas where more significant judgments and estimates are used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements. A discussion of such critical accounting policies, which include revenue recognition, our consolidation policy, goodwill and other intangible assets, real estate and income taxes can be found in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007. There have been no material changes to these policies as of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the three months ended June 30, 2008.
Basis of Presentation
Recent Significant Acquisitions
On December 20, 2006, pursuant to an Agreement and Plan of Merger dated October 30, 2006 (the Trammell Crow Company Acquisition Agreement), by and among us, A-2 Acquisition Corp., a Delaware corporation and our wholly-owned subsidiary (Merger Sub), and Trammell Crow Company, the Merger Sub was merged with and into Trammell Crow Company (the Trammell Crow Company Acquisition). Trammell Crow Company was the surviving corporation in the Trammell Crow Company Acquisition and upon the closing of the Trammell Crow Company Acquisition became our indirect wholly-owned subsidiary.
Segment Reporting
We report our operations through five segments. The segments are as follows: (1) Americas, (2) EMEA, (3) Asia Pacific, (4) Global Investment Management and (5) Development Services. The
35
Americas consists of operations located in the United States, Canada and selected parts of Latin America. EMEA mainly consists of operations in Europe, while Asia Pacific includes operations in Asia, Australia and New Zealand. The Global Investment Management business consists of investment management operations in the United States, Europe and Asia. The Development Services business consists of real estate development and investment activities primarily in the United States, which were acquired in the Trammell Crow Company Acquisition.
Results of Operations
The following table sets forth items derived from the consolidated statements of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 presented in dollars and as a percentage of revenue (dollars in thousands):
|
Three Months Ended June 30, | Six Months Ended June 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenue |
$ | 1,314,873 | 100.0 | % | $ | 1,490,363 | 100.0 | % | $ | 2,545,798 | 100.0 | % | $ | 2,704,324 | 100.0 | % | ||||||||||
Costs and expenses: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cost of services |
737,205 | 56.1 | 791,605 | 53.1 | 1,441,651 | 56.6 | 1,441,278 | 53.3 | ||||||||||||||||||
Operating, administrative and other |
468,839 | 35.7 | 469,754 | 31.5 | 901,184 | 35.4 | 881,691 | 32.6 | ||||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
25,022 | 1.8 | 27,511 | 1.9 | 48,824 | 1.9 | 54,879 | 2.0 | ||||||||||||||||||
Merger-related charges |
| | 2,877 | 0.2 | | | 34,732 | 1.3 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total costs and expenses |
1,231,066 | 93.6 | 1,291,747 | 86.7 | 2,391,659 | 93.9 | 2,412,580 | 89.2 | ||||||||||||||||||
Gain on disposition of real estate |
4,042 | 0.3 | | | 4,042 | 0.1 | | | ||||||||||||||||||
Operating income |
87,849 | 6.7 | 198,616 | 13.3 | 158,181 | 6.2 | 291,744 | 10.8 | ||||||||||||||||||
Equity (loss) income from unconsolidated subsidiaries |
(11,752 | ) | (0.9 | ) | 25,915 | 1.7 | (22,514 | ) | (0.9 | ) | 30,164 | 1.1 | ||||||||||||||
Minority interest (income) expense |
(2,482 | ) | (0.2 | ) | (165 | ) | | (7,607 | ) | (0.3 | ) | 2,735 | 0.1 | |||||||||||||
Other loss |
4,607 | 0.3 | | | 4,607 | 0.2 | 37,534 | 1.4 | ||||||||||||||||||
Interest income |
4,481 | 0.3 | 5,972 | 0.4 | 9,707 | 0.4 | 12,985 | 0.5 | ||||||||||||||||||
Interest expense |
41,560 | 3.2 | 42,173 | 2.8 | 84,565 | 3.3 | 84,155 | 3.1 | ||||||||||||||||||
Income before provision for income taxes |
36,893 | 2.8 | 188,495 | 12.6 | 63,809 | 2.5 | 210,469 | 7.8 | ||||||||||||||||||
Provision for income taxes |
20,330 | 1.5 | 47,360 | 3.1 | 26,792 | 1.0 | 57,357 | 2.1 | ||||||||||||||||||
Net income |
$ | 16,563 | 1.3 | % | $ | 141,135 | 9.5 | % | $ | 37,017 | 1.5 | % | $ | 153,112 | 5.7 | % | ||||||||||
EBITDA |
$ | 98,994 | 7.5 | % | $ | 252,207 | 16.9 | % | $ | 187,491 | 7.4 | % | $ | 336,518 | 12.4 | % | ||||||||||
EBITDA represents earnings before net interest expense, income taxes, depreciation and amortization. Our management believes EBITDA is useful in evaluating our operating performance compared to that of other companies in our industry because the calculation of EBITDA generally eliminates the effects of financing and income taxes and the accounting effects of capital spending and acquisitions, which items may vary for different companies for reasons unrelated to overall operating performance. As a result, our management uses EBITDA as a measure to evaluate the operating performance of our various business lines and for other discretionary purposes, including as a significant component when measuring our operating performance under our employee incentive programs.
However, EBITDA is not a recognized measurement under U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP, and when analyzing our operating performance, readers should use EBITDA in addition to, and not as an alternative for, net income as determined in accordance with GAAP. Because not all companies use identical calculations, our presentation of EBITDA may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies. Furthermore, EBITDA is not intended to be a measure of free cash flow for our management's discretionary use, as it does not consider certain cash
36
requirements such as tax and debt service payments. The amounts shown for EBITDA also differ from the amounts calculated under similarly titled definitions in our debt instruments, which are further adjusted to reflect certain other cash and non-cash charges and are used to determine compliance with financial covenants and our ability to engage in certain activities, such as incurring additional debt and making certain restricted payments.
EBITDA is calculated as follows (dollars in thousands):
|
Three Months Ended June 30, | Six Months Ended June 30, | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||
Net income |
$ | 16,563 | $ | 141,135 | $ | 37,017 | $ | 153,112 | ||||||
Add: |
||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
25,022 | 27,511 | 48,824 | 54,879 | ||||||||||
Interest expense |
41,560 | 42,173 | 84,565 | 84,155 | ||||||||||
Provision for income taxes |
20,330 | 47,360 | 26,792 | 57,357 | ||||||||||
Less: |
||||||||||||||
Interest income |
4,481 | 5,972 | 9,707 | 12,985 | ||||||||||
EBITDA |
$ | 98,994 | $ | 252,207 | $ | 187,491 | $ | 336,518 | ||||||
Three Months Ended June 30, 2008 Compared to the Three Months Ended June 30, 2007
We reported consolidated net income of $16.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2008 on revenue of $1.3 billion as compared to consolidated net income of $141.1 million on revenue of $1.5 billion for the three months ended June 30, 2007.
Our revenue on a consolidated basis for the three months ended June 30, 2008 decreased by $175.5 million, or 11.8%, as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2007. This decrease was primarily driven by significantly lower sales activity brought about by the continued deterioration of the global credit markets, softer leasing activity due to weakened economic conditions, predominantly in the United States and the United Kingdom, and a decrease in carried interest revenue within our Global Investment Management segment. These declines were partially offset by the continued strong growth in outsourcing revenue. Foreign currency translation had a $45.7 million positive impact on total revenue during the three months ended June 30, 2008.
Our cost of services on a consolidated basis decreased by $54.4 million, or 6.9%, during the three months ended June 30, 2008 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2007. Our sales and leasing professionals generally are paid on a commission and bonus basis, which substantially correlates with our revenue performance. Accordingly, the overall decrease was primarily driven by the decrease in revenue. Partially offsetting this decline was an increase in reimbursable expenses within our outsourcing operations as well as increased compensation expense in our EMEA and Asia Pacific segments due to acquisitions and investment in growth of our platform. Foreign currency translation had a $23.8 million negative impact on cost of services during the three months ended June 30, 2008. Cost of services as a percentage of revenue increased from 53.1% for the three months ended June 30, 2007 to 56.1% for the three months ended June 30, 2008. This increase was mainly due to a shift in the mix of revenues with outsourcing, including reimbursables growth, comprising a greater portion of the total as well as the aforementioned increase in compensation expense.
Our operating, administrative and other expenses on a consolidated basis were $468.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and were essentially flat as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2007. Lower incentive compensation expense, including bonuses and carried interest expense (within our Global Investment Management segment), was offset by higher salaried personnel, mostly due to acquisitions and growth in our outsourcing business, increased technology spending and higher
37
occupancy costs coming from new offices in international growth markets. Foreign currency translation had a $15.9 million negative impact on total operating expenses during the three months ended June 30, 2008. Operating expenses as a percentage of revenue increased from 31.5% for the three months ended June 30, 2007 to 35.7% for the three months ended June 30, 2008. This increase was mainly attributable to operating costs remaining flat for the aforementioned reasons, while revenues declined sharply.
Our depreciation and amortization expense on a consolidated basis decreased by $2.5 million, or 9.0%, for the three months ended June 30, 2008 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2007. This decrease was primarily driven by lower amortization expense related to intangible assets acquired in the Trammell Crow Company Acquisition, including net revenue backlog. As of December 31, 2007, the intangible asset representing the net revenue backlog acquired in the Trammell Crow Company Acquisition was fully amortized. Partially offsetting the decrease versus the prior year was higher depreciation expense mainly resulting from increased capital expenditures in connection with recent acquisitions.
Our merger-related charges on a consolidated basis were $2.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2007. These charges primarily consisted of severance and lease termination costs attributable to the Trammell Crow Company Acquisition.
Our gain on disposition of real estate on a consolidated basis was $4.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2008. These gains resulted from activity within our Development Services segment.
Our equity loss from unconsolidated subsidiaries on a consolidated basis was $11.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2008 as compared to equity income from unconsolidated subsidiaries of $25.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2007. The loss in the current year period was primarily attributable to a $7.3 million write-down resulting from a decline in value of an investment maintained within our Global Investment Management segment. The income in the prior year period was mainly due to dispositions within selected funds in our Global Investment Management segment as well as equity income generated by our Development Services segment, both of which did not recur in the current year period.
Our consolidated minority interest income increased by $2.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2008 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2007. This variance was primarily due to lower minority interest expense associated with our Japanese affiliate, IKOMA.
Our other loss on a consolidated basis was $4.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2008, which related to a decline in market valuation of an investment maintained within our Global Investment Management segment.
Our consolidated interest income was $4.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2008, a decrease of $1.5 million, or 25.0%, as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2007. This decrease was mainly driven by lower interest income earned in our Americas segment primarily resulting from higher average cash balances in the prior year period as a result of cash received on the sale of Trammell Crow Company's interest in Savills plc and interest income earned on restricted cash held related to former shareholders of Trammell Crow Company common stock.
Our consolidated interest expense decreased $0.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2008, or 1.5%, as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2007. The decrease was primarily due to lower interest expense associated with our Credit Agreement, largely due to a decline in interest rates, which was mostly offset by higher interest expense incurred within our Development Services segment.
Our provision for income taxes on a consolidated basis was $20.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2008 as compared to $47.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2007. The decrease in the provision for income taxes was mainly attributable to the decrease in pre-tax income as compared to 2007. Our effective tax rate increased to 55.1% for the three months ended June 30, 2008
38
from 25.1% for the three months ended June 30, 2007. The increase in our effective tax rate is primarily a result of the change in our mix of domestic and foreign earnings as well as due to a greater impact in the current year of losses sustained in jurisdictions where no tax benefit can be provided. In addition, for the three months ended June 30, 2007, the reversal of an uncertain tax position contributed to our low rate.
Six Months Ended June 30, 2008 Compared to the Six Months Ended June 30, 2007
We reported consolidated net income of $37.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008 on revenue of $2.5 billion as compared to consolidated net income of $153.1 million on revenue of $2.7 billion for the six months ended June 30, 2007.
Our revenue on a consolidated basis for the six months ended June 30, 2008 decreased by $158.5 million, or 5.9%, as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2007. This was primarily the result of significantly lower sales activity brought about by the continued deterioration of the global credit markets and a decrease in carried interest revenue within our Global Investment Management segment. These declines were partially offset by the continued strong growth in outsourcing revenue. Foreign currency translation had an $84.5 million positive impact on total revenue during the six months ended June 30, 2008.
Our cost of services on a consolidated basis was $1.4 billion during the six months ended June 30, 2008 and was essentially flat as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2007. As previously mentioned, our sales and leasing professionals generally are paid on a commission and bonus basis, which substantially correlates with our revenue performance. Accordingly, the decrease in revenue led to a corresponding decrease in commissions and bonuses. These decreases were offset by an increase in reimbursable expenses within our outsourcing operations as well as increased compensation expense in our EMEA and Asia Pacific segments due to acquisitions and investment in growth of our platform. Foreign currency translation had a $45.0 million negative impact on cost of services during the six months ended June 30, 2008. Cost of services as a percentage of revenue increased from 53.3% for the six months ended June 30, 2007 to 56.6% for the six months ended June 30, 2008. This increase was mainly due to a shift in the mix of revenues with outsourcing, including reimbursables growth, comprising a greater portion of the total as well as the aforementioned increase in compensation expense.
Our operating, administrative and other expenses on a consolidated basis were $901.2 million, an increase of $19.5 million, or 2.2%, for the six months ended June 30, 2008 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2007. This increase was primarily driven by higher salaried personnel, mostly due to acquisitions, increased technology spending and higher occupancy costs coming from new offices in international growth markets, partially offset by lower incentive compensation expense, including bonuses and carried interest expense (within our Global Investment Management segment). Foreign currency translation had a $30.0 million negative impact on total operating expenses during the six months ended June 30, 2008. Operating expenses as a percentage of revenue increased from 32.6% for the six months ended June 30, 2007 to 35.4% for the six months ended June 30, 2008. This increase was mainly attributable to operating costs increasing slightly in the current year for the aforementioned reasons, while revenues declined sharply.
Our depreciation and amortization expense on a consolidated basis decreased by $6.1 million, or 11.0%, for the six months ended June 30, 2008 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2007. This decrease was primarily driven by lower amortization expense related to intangible assets acquired in the Trammell Crow Company Acquisition, including net revenue backlog. Partially offsetting the decrease versus the prior year was higher depreciation expense mainly resulting from increased capital expenditures in connection with recent acquisitions.
39
Our merger-related charges on a consolidated basis were $34.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2007. These charges primarily consisted of severance and lease termination costs attributable to the Trammell Crow Company Acquisition.
Our equity loss from unconsolidated subsidiaries on a consolidated basis was $22.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008 as compared to equity income from unconsolidated subsidiaries of $30.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2007. The loss in the current year was primarily attributable to a $10.6 million write-down of our investment in CBRE Realty Finance attributable to a decline in market valuation as well as a $7.3 million write-down resulting from a decline in value of an investment maintained within our Global Investment Management segment. The income in the prior year period was mainly due to dispositions within selected funds in our Global Investment Management segment as well as equity income generated by our Development Services segment, both of which did not recur in the current year.
Our consolidated minority interest income was $7.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008 as compared to consolidated minority interest expense of $2.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2007. This variance was primarily due to minority interest activity within our Development Services segment as well as lower minority interest expense associated with our Japanese affiliate, IKOMA.
Our other loss on a consolidated basis was $4.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008 as compared to $37.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2007. The loss in the current year related to the write-down of an investment maintained within our Global Investment Management segment due to a decline in market valuation. Our other loss of $37.5 million in the prior year primarily related to the sale of Trammell Crow Company's approximately 19% ownership interest in Savills plc, a real estate services company based in the United Kingdom. This sale resulted in a pre-tax loss of $34.9 million, which was largely driven by stock price depreciation at the date of sale as compared to December 31, 2006 when the investment was marked to market.
Our consolidated interest income was $9.7 million during the six months ended June 30, 2008, a decrease of $3.3 million, or 25.2%, as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2007. This decrease was mainly driven by lower interest income earned in our Americas segment primarily resulting from higher average cash balances in the prior year period as a result of cash received on the sale of Trammell Crow Company's interest in Savills plc and interest income earned on restricted cash held related to former shareholders of Trammell Crow Company common stock.
Our consolidated interest expense increased $0.4 million during the six months ended June 30, 2008, or 0.5%, as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2007. The increase was primarily due to higher interest expense incurred within our Development Services segment, partially offset by lower interest expense associated with our Credit Agreement, largely due to a decline in interest rates.
Our provision for income taxes on a consolidated basis was $26.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008 as compared to $57.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2007. The decrease in the provision for income taxes was mainly attributable to the decrease in pre-tax income as compared to 2007. Our effective tax rate increased to 42.0% for the six months ended June 30, 2008 from 27.3% for the six months ended June 30, 2007. The increase in our effective tax rate was primarily attributable to the change in our mix of domestic and foreign earnings as well as a greater impact in the current year of losses sustained in jurisdictions where no tax benefit can be provided, partially offset by a discrete tax benefit recognized in the current year with respect to a favorable tax ruling received in a foreign jurisdiction. In addition, for the six months ended June 30, 2007, the reversal of an uncertain tax position contributed to our low rate.
40
Segment Operations
The following table summarizes our revenue, costs and expenses and operating income (loss) by our Americas, EMEA, Asia Pacific, Global Investment Management and Development Services operating segments for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 (dollars in thousands):
|
Three Months Ended June 30, | Six Months Ended June 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Americas |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenue |
$ | 785,478 | 100.0 | % | $ | 934,018 | 100.0 | % | $ | 1,569,002 | 100.0 | % | $ | 1,725,903 | 100.0 | % | ||||||||||
Costs and expenses: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cost of services |
487,655 | 62.1 | 568,895 | 60.9 | 972,023 | 62.0 | 1,049,787 | 60.8 | ||||||||||||||||||
Operating, administrative and other |
235,003 | 29.9 | 250,887 | 26.9 | 457,458 | 29.2 | 489,335 | 28.4 | ||||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
15,661 | 2.0 | 19,143 | 2.0 | 29,969 | 1.8 | 38,214 | 2.2 | ||||||||||||||||||
Merger-related charges |
| | 2,877 | 0.3 | | | 34,732 | 2.0 | ||||||||||||||||||
Operating income |
$ | 47,159 | 6.0 | % | $ | 92,216 | 9.9 | % | $ | 109,552 | 7.0 | % | $ | 113,835 | 6.6 | % | ||||||||||
EBITDA |
$ | 64,195 | 8.2 | % | $ | 116,524 | 12.5 | % | $ | 130,480 | 8.3 | % | $ | 123,673 | 7.2 | % | ||||||||||
EMEA |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenue |
$ | 299,738 | 100.0 | % | $ | 330,813 | 100.0 | % | $ | 542,499 | 100.0 | % | $ | 556,166 | 100.0 | % | ||||||||||
Costs and expenses: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cost of services |
162,968 | 54.4 | 167,605 | 50.7 | 305,005 | 56.2 | 287,202 | 51.6 | ||||||||||||||||||
Operating, administrative and other |
105,776 | 35.3 | 95,590 | 28.9 | 195,285 | 36.0 | 164,761 | 29.7 | ||||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
3,750 | 1.2 | 3,129 | 0.9 | 6,985 | 1.3 | 6,078 | 1.1 | ||||||||||||||||||
Operating income |
$ | 27,244 | 9.1 | % | $ | 64,489 | 19.5 | % | $ | 35,224 | 6.5 | % | $ | 98,125 | 17.6 | % | ||||||||||
EBITDA |
$ | 31,441 | 10.5 | % | $ | 67,179 | 20.3 | % | $ | 43,112 | 7.9 | % | $ | 103,945 | 18.7 | % | ||||||||||
Asia Pacific |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenue |
$ | 155,667 | 100.0 | % | $ | 121,760 | 100.0 | % | $ | 293,099 | 100.0 | % | $ | 215,762 | 100.0 | % | ||||||||||
Costs and expenses: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cost of services |
86,582 | 55.6 | 55,105 | 45.3 | 164,623 | 56.2 | 104,289 | 48.3 | ||||||||||||||||||
Operating, administrative and other |
45,550 | 29.3 | 40,461 | 33.2 | 90,871 | 31.0 | 73,911 | 34.3 | ||||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
1,872 | 1.2 | 1,596 | 1.3 | 3,625 | 1.2 | 3,028 | 1.4 | ||||||||||||||||||
Operating income |
$ | 21,663 | 13.9 | % | $ | 24,598 | 20.2 | % | $ | 33,980 | 11.6 | % | $ | 34,534 | 16.0 | % | ||||||||||
EBITDA |
$ | 21,828 | 14.0 | % | $ | 23,058 | 18.9 | % | $ | 35,510 | 12.1 | % | $ | 32,556 | 15.1 | % | ||||||||||
Global Investment Management |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenue |
$ | 42,746 | 100.0 | % | $ | 83,838 | 100.0 | % | $ | 82,235 | 100.0 | % | $ | 169,428 | 100.0 | % | ||||||||||
Costs and expenses: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Operating, administrative and other |
40,997 | 95.9 | 54,648 | 65.2 | 81,791 | 99.5 | 100,951 | 59.5 | ||||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
848 | 2.0 | 652 | 0.8 | 1,647 | 2.0 | 1,272 | 0.8 | ||||||||||||||||||
Operating income (loss) |
$ | 901 | 2.1 | % | $ | 28,538 | 34.0 | % | $ | (1,203 | ) | (1.5 | )% | $ | 67,205 | 39.7 | % | |||||||||
EBITDA |
$ | (15,470 | ) | (36.2 | )% | $ | 41,086 | 49.0 | % | $ | (16,845 | ) | (20.5 | )% | $ | 80,020 | 47.2 | % | ||||||||
Development Services |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenue |
$ | 31,244 | 100.0 | % | $ | 19,934 | 100.0 | % | $ | 58,963 | 100.0 | % | $ | 37,065 | 100.0 | % | ||||||||||
Costs and expenses: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Operating, administrative and other |
41,513 | 132.9 | 28,168 | 141.3 | 75,779 | 128.5 | 52,733 | 142.2 | ||||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
2,891 | 9.2 | 2,991 | 15.0 | 6,598 | 11.2 | 6,287 | 17.0 | ||||||||||||||||||
Gain on disposition of real estate |
4,042 | 12.9 | | | 4,042 | 6.8 | | | ||||||||||||||||||
Operating loss |
$ | (9,118 | ) | (29.2 | )% | $ | (11,225 | ) | (56.3 | )% | $ | (19,372 | ) | (32.9 | )% | $ | (21,955 | ) | (59.2 | )% | ||||||
EBITDA |
$ | (3,000 | ) | (9.6 | )% | $ | 4,360 | 21.9 | % | $ | (4,766 | ) | (8.1 | )% | $ | (3,676 | ) | (9.9 | )% | |||||||
41
EBITDA represents earnings before net interest expense, income taxes, depreciation and amortization. Our management believes EBITDA is useful in evaluating our operating performance compared to that of other companies in our industry because the calculation of EBITDA generally eliminates the effects of financing and income taxes and the accounting effects of capital spending and acquisitions, which items may vary for different companies for reasons unrelated to overall operating performance. As a result, our management uses EBITDA as a measure to evaluate the operating performance of our various business lines and for other discretionary purposes, including as a significant component when measuring our operating performance under our employee incentive programs.
However, EBITDA is not a recognized measurement under U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP, and when analyzing our operating performance, readers should use EBITDA in addition to, and not as an alternative for, net income (loss) as determined in accordance with GAAP. Because not all companies use identical calculations, our presentation of EBITDA may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies. Furthermore, EBITDA is not intended to be a measure of free cash flow for our management's discretionary use, as it does not consider certain cash requirements such as tax and debt service payments. The amounts shown for EBITDA also differ from the amounts calculated under similarly titled definitions in our debt instruments, which are further adjusted to reflect certain other cash and non-cash charges and are used to determine compliance with financial covenants and our ability to engage in certain activities, such as incurring additional debt and making certain restricted payments.
42
Net interest expense has been expensed in the segment incurred. Provision (benefit) for income taxes has been allocated among our segments by using applicable U.S. and foreign effective tax rates. EBITDA for our segments is calculated as follows (dollars in thousands):
|
Three Months Ended June 30, | Six Months Ended June 30, | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||
Americas |
||||||||||||||
Net income |
$ | 11,334 | $ | 48,039 | $ | 26,289 | $ | 24,621 | ||||||
Add: |
||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
15,661 | 19,143 | 29,969 | 38,214 | ||||||||||
Interest expense |
32,100 | 35,177 | 66,905 | 76,261 | ||||||||||
Royalty and management service income |
(3,640 | ) | | (10,928 | ) | | ||||||||
Provision (benefit) for income taxes |
10,254 | 17,503 | 21,418 | (7,395 | ) | |||||||||
Less: |
||||||||||||||
Interest income |
1,514 | 3,338 | 3,173 | 8,028 | ||||||||||
EBITDA |
$ | 64,195 | $ | 116,524 | $ | 130,480 | $ | 123,673 | ||||||
EMEA |
||||||||||||||
Net income |
$ | 16,694 | $ | 53,176 | $ | 22,964 | $ | 77,502 | ||||||
Add: |
||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
3,750 | 3,129 | 6,985 | 6,078 | ||||||||||
Interest expense |
609 | 420 | 967 | 499 | ||||||||||
Royalty and management service expense |
1,612 | | 5,888 | | ||||||||||
Provision for income taxes |
9,480 | 11,256 | 8,674 | 26,409 | ||||||||||
Less: |
||||||||||||||
Interest income |
704 | 802 | 2,366 | 6,543 | ||||||||||
EBITDA |
$ | 31,441 | $ | 67,179 | $ | 43,112 | $ | 103,945 | ||||||
Asia Pacific |
||||||||||||||
Net income |
$ | 9,547 | $ | 14,143 | $ | 13,378 | $ | 17,475 | ||||||
Add: |
||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
1,872 | 1,596 | 3,625 | 3,028 | ||||||||||
Interest expense |
1,962 | 957 | 2,892 | 1,568 | ||||||||||
Royalty and management service expense |
1,660 | | 4,225 | | ||||||||||
Provision for income taxes |
7,103 | 6,445 | 12,089 | 10,660 | ||||||||||
Less: |
||||||||||||||
Interest income |
316 | 83 | 699 | 175 | ||||||||||
EBITDA |
$ | 21,828 | $ | 23,058 | $ | 35,510 | $ | 32,556 | ||||||
Global Investment Management |
||||||||||||||
Net (loss) income |
$ | (14,312 | ) | $ | 27,029 | $ | (12,109 | ) | $ | 43,526 | ||||
Add: |
||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
848 | 652 | 1,647 | 1,272 | ||||||||||
Interest expense |
1,027 | 744 | 1,367 | 1,639 | ||||||||||
Royalty and management service expense |
368 | | 815 | | ||||||||||
(Benefit) provision for income taxes |
(2,853 | ) | 12,964 | (7,771 | ) | 34,160 | ||||||||
Less: |
||||||||||||||
Interest income |
548 | 303 | 794 | 577 | ||||||||||
EBITDA |
$ | (15,470 | ) | $ | 41,086 | $ | (16,845 | ) | $ | 80,020 | ||||
Development Services |
||||||||||||||
Net loss |
$ | (6,700 | ) | $ | (1,252 | ) | $ | (13,505 | ) | $ | (10,012 | ) | ||
Add: |
||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
2,891 | 2,991 | 6,598 | 6,287 | ||||||||||
Interest expense |
5,862 | 4,716 | 12,434 | 8,741 | ||||||||||
Benefit for income taxes |
(3,654 | ) | (808 | ) | (7,618 | ) | (6,477 | ) | ||||||
Less: |
||||||||||||||
Interest income |
1,399 | 1,287 | 2,675 | 2,215 | ||||||||||
EBITDA |
$ | (3,000 | ) | $ | 4,360 | $ | (4,766 | ) | $ | (3,676 | ) | |||
43
Three Months Ended June 30, 2008 Compared to the Three Months Ended June 30, 2007
Americas
Revenue decreased by $148.5 million, or 15.9%, for the three months ended June 30, 2008 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2007. The continued strong growth of our outsourcing business was more than offset by the impact of lower sales, appraisal and commercial mortgage brokerage activity brought about by the credit market turmoil as well as reduced leasing activity due to the economic downturn. Foreign currency translation had a $7.1 million positive impact on total revenue during the three months ended June 30, 2008.
Cost of services decreased by $81.2 million, or 14.3%, for the three months ended June 30, 2008 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2007. This was primarily due to lower commission expense resulting from lower sales and lease transaction revenue, partially offset by an increase in costs related to our outsourcing operations, including the impact of acquisitions. Foreign currency translation had a $3.8 million negative impact on cost of services during the three months ended June 30, 2008. Cost of services as a percentage of revenue increased from 60.9% for the three months ended June 30, 2007 to 62.1% for the three months ended June 30, 2008, primarily due to the above mentioned increase in costs associated with our outsourcing operations, as our business mix shifted more towards outsourcing services, as well as the significant reduction in overall revenue.
Operating, administrative and other expenses decreased $15.9 million, or 6.3%, mainly driven by lower payroll-related costs, including bonuses, partially offset by increases generally related to acquisitions, occupancy and technology costs. Foreign currency translation had a $2.4 million negative impact on total operating expenses during the three months ended June 30, 2008.
EMEA
Revenue decreased by $31.1 million, or 9.4%, for the three months ended June 30, 2008 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2007. Continued lower sales transaction revenue was partially offset by improvements in other business lines in various countries, including France, Russia and Belgium as well as initial contributions from operations in Romania and Denmark, acquired earlier in 2008. Foreign currency translation had a $23.5 million positive impact on total revenue during the three months ended June 30, 2008 due to the continued strength of the Euro and British pound sterling against the U.S. dollar.
Cost of services decreased $4.6 million, or 2.8%, for the three months ended June 30, 2008 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2007. This decrease was mainly driven by lower producer bonuses as a result of reduced revenue, partially offset by higher producer compensation expense driven by investments in headcount and acquisitions as a result of our efforts to grow and diversify operations in this region. Foreign currency translation had a $12.8 million negative impact on cost of services during the three months ended June 30, 2008. Cost of services as a percentage of revenue increased from 50.7% for the three months ended June 30, 2007 to 54.4% for the three months ended June 30, 2008, primarily driven by the aforementioned increase in producer compensation expense, while overall revenue decreased.
Operating, administrative and other expenses increased by $10.2 million, or 10.7%, mainly due to increased costs attributable to recent investment in growth of the business, including the impact of in-fill acquisitions, marketing and occupancy. Foreign currency translation had a $7.9 million negative impact on total operating expenses during the three months ended June 30, 2008.
Asia Pacific
Revenue increased by $33.9 million, or 27.8%, for the three months ended June 30, 2008 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2007. This strong revenue increase was primarily driven
44
by improved performance in Australia, Singapore and China as well as contributions from our acquisition of a majority interest in CBRE India during the third quarter of 2007. Foreign currency translation had a $13.7 million positive impact on total revenue during the three months ended June 30, 2008.
Cost of services increased by $31.5 million, or 57.1%, mainly due to increased producer compensation expense driven by increased headcount, largely due to acquisitions. Higher costs associated with our outsourcing operations also contributed to the increase. Foreign currency translation had a $7.2 million negative impact on cost of services for the three months ended June 30, 2008. Cost of services as a percentage of revenue increased from 45.3% for the three months ended June 30, 2007 to 55.6% for the three months ended June 30, 2008, primarily driven by the shift in our business mix more towards outsourcing services, as well as the aforementioned headcount increases, largely due to acquisitions.
Operating, administrative and other expenses increased by $5.1 million, or 12.6%, primarily due to an increase in costs attributable to investment in growth of the business, including the impact of in-fill acquisitions. Foreign currency translation had a $4.3 million negative impact on total operating expenses during the three months ended June 30, 2008.
Global Investment Management
Revenue decreased by $41.1 million, or 49.0%, for the three months ended June 30, 2008 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2007 due to lower carried interest revenue and incentive fees recognized in the current year quarter. Foreign currency translation had a $1.4 million positive impact on total revenue during the three months ended June 30, 2008.
Operating, administrative and other expenses decreased by $13.7 million, or 25.0%, primarily due to lower carried interest incentive compensation expense of $10.2 million recognized for dedicated Global Investment Management executives and team leaders with participation interests in certain real estate investments under management as well as lower bonus expense, partially offset by an increase in costs relative to investment in growth of the business. Foreign currency translation had a $1.3 million negative impact on total operating expenses during the three months ended June 30, 2008.
During the three months ended June 30, 2008, we recorded a total of $2.6 million of incentive compensation expense, all relating to future periods' revenue. Revenue associated with these expenses cannot be recognized until certain financial hurdles are met. We expect that income we will recognize from funds liquidating in future quarters will more than offset the $2.6 million of incentive compensation expense accrued during the three months ended June 30, 2008.
Total assets under management grew by nearly 16% from year-end 2007 to $43.7 billion at the end of the second quarter of 2008, reflecting active fundraising efforts and acquisition programs.
Assets under management (AUM) generally refers to the properties and other assets with respect to which we provide (or participate in) oversight, investment management services and other advice, and which generally consist of real estate properties or loans, securities portfolios and investments in operating companies and joint ventures. Our AUM is intended principally to reflect the extent of our presence in the real estate market, not the basis for determining our management fees. Our material assets under management consist of: a) the total fair market value of the real estate properties and other assets either wholly-owned or held by joint ventures and other entities in which our sponsored funds or investment vehicles and client accounts have invested or to which they have provided financing. Committed (but unfunded) capital from investors in our sponsored funds is not included in this component of our AUM. The value of development properties is included at estimated completion cost. In the case of real estate operating companies, the total value of real properties controlled by the companies, generally through joint ventures, is included in AUM; and b) the net asset value of our
45
managed securities portfolios, including investments (which may be comprised of committed but uncalled capital) in private real estate funds under our fund of funds program.
Our calculation of AUM may differ from the calculations of other asset managers, and as a result this measure may not be comparable to similar measures presented by other asset managers. Our definition of AUM is not based on any definition of assets under management that is set forth in the agreements governing the investment funds that we manage.
Development Services
Revenue increased by $11.3 million, or 56.7%, for the three months ended June 30, 2008 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2007 primarily driven by construction revenue.
Operating, administrative and other expenses increased by $13.3 million, or 47.4%, primarily due to an increase in job construction costs, which correlated with the above mentioned revenue increase.
Development projects in process as of June 30, 2008 totaled $6.2 billion, consistent with year ago levels and down slightly from year-end 2007. The inventory of pipeline deals as of June 30, 2008 stood at $3.7 billion.
Six Months Ended June 30, 2008 Compared to the Six Months Ended June 30, 2007
Americas
Revenue decreased by $156.9 million, or 9.1%, for the six months ended June 30, 2008 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2007. The continued growth of our outsourcing business was more than offset by the impact of lower sales, appraisal and commercial mortgage brokerage activity brought about by the credit market turmoil as well as reduced leasing activity due to the economic downturn. Foreign currency translation had a $15.8 million positive impact on total revenue during the six months ended June 30, 2008.
Cost of services decreased by $77.8 million, or 7.4%, for the six months ended June 30, 2008 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2007, primarily due to lower commission expense resulting from lower sales and lease transaction revenue, partially offset by an increase in costs related to our outsourcing operations, including the impact of acquisitions. Foreign currency translation had an $8.6 million negative impact on cost of services during the six months ended June 30, 2008. Cost of services as a percentage of revenue increased from 60.8% for the six months ended June 30, 2007 to 62.0% for the six months ended June 30, 2008, primarily due to the above mentioned increase in costs associated with our outsourcing operations, as our business mix shifted more towards outsourcing services, as well as the significant reduction in overall revenue.
Operating, administrative and other expenses decreased $31.9 million, or 6.5%, mainly driven by lower payroll-related costs, including bonuses, partially offset by increases generally related to acquisitions, occupancy and technology costs. Foreign currency translation had a $5.9 million negative impact on total operating expenses during the six months ended June 30, 2008.
EMEA
Revenue decreased by $13.7 million, or 2.5%, for the six months ended June 30, 2008 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2007. Continued lower sales transaction revenue was partially offset by improvements in other business lines in various countries, including France and Russia as well as initial contributions from operations in Romania and Denmark, acquired in 2008. Foreign currency translation had a $39.0 million positive impact on total revenue during the six months ended June 30, 2008 due to the strength of the Euro and British pound sterling against the U.S. dollar.
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Cost of services increased $17.8 million, or 6.2%, for the six months ended June 30, 2008 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2007. Cost of services as a percentage of revenue increased from 51.6% for the six months ended June 30, 2007 to 56.2% for the six months ended June 30, 2008. These increases were mainly a result of higher producer compensation expense driven by investments in headcount and acquisitions as a result of our efforts to grow and diversify operations in this region, partially offset by lower producer bonuses, as a result of reduced revenue. Foreign currency translation had a $21.9 million negative impact on cost of services during the six months ended June 30, 2008.
Operating, administrative and other expenses increased by $30.5 million, or 18.5%, mainly due to increased costs attributable to recent investment in growth of the business, including the impact of in-fill acquisitions, marketing and occupancy. Foreign currency translation had a $13.7 million negative impact on total operating expenses during the six months ended June 30, 2008.
Asia Pacific
Revenue increased by $77.3 million, or 35.8%, for the six months ended June 30, 2008 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2007. This strong revenue increase was primarily driven by improved performance in Australia, China and Singapore as well as contributions from our acquisition of a majority interest in CBRE India during the third quarter of 2007. Foreign currency translation had a $27.1 million positive impact on total revenue during the six months ended June 30, 2008.
Cost of services increased by $60.3 million, or 57.9%, mainly due to increased producer compensation expense driven by increased headcount, largely due to acquisitions. Higher costs associated with our outsourcing operations also contributed to the increase. Foreign currency translation had a $14.5 million negative impact on cost of services for the six months ended June 30, 2008. Cost of services as a percentage of revenue increased from 48.3% for the six months ended June 30, 2007 to 56.2% for the six months ended June 30, 2008, primarily driven by the shift in our business mix more towards outsourcing services, as well as the aforementioned headcount increases, largely due to acquisitions.
Operating, administrative and other expenses increased by $17.0 million, or 22.9%, primarily due to an increase in costs attributable to investment in growth of the business, including the impact of in-fill acquisitions. Foreign currency translation had an $8.4 million negative impact on total operating expenses during the six months ended June 30, 2008.
Global Investment Management
Revenue decreased by $87.2 million, or 51.5%, for the six months ended June 30, 2008 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2007 due to lower carried interest revenue and incentive fees recognized in the current year. Foreign currency translation had a $2.6 million positive impact on total revenue during the six months ended June 30, 2008.
Operating, administrative and other expenses decreased by $19.2 million, or 19.0%, primarily due to lower carried interest incentive compensation expense of $21.6 million recognized for dedicated Global Investment Management executives and team leaders with participation interests in certain real estate investments under management as well as lower bonus expense, partially offset by an increase in costs relative to investment in growth of the business. Foreign currency translation had a $2.0 million negative impact on total operating expenses during the six months ended June 30, 2008.
During the six months ended June 30, 2008, we recorded a total of $7.9 million of incentive compensation expense, all relating to future periods' revenue. Revenue associated with these expenses cannot be recognized until certain financial hurdles are met. We expect that income we will recognize from funds liquidating in future quarters will more than offset the $7.9 million of incentive compensation expense accrued during the six months ended June 30, 2008.
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Development Services
Revenue increased by $21.9 million, or 59.1%, for the six months ended June 30, 2008 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2007 primarily driven by construction revenue.
Operating, administrative and other expenses increased by $23.0 million, or 43.7%, primarily due to an increase in job construction costs, which correlated with the above mentioned revenue increase.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
We believe that we can satisfy our working capital requirements and funding of investments with internally generated cash flow and, as necessary, borrowings under our revolving credit facility. Included in the capital requirements that we expect to fund during 2008 are approximately $70.0 million of anticipated net capital expenditures. During the six months ended June 30, 2008, we funded approximately $19.5 million of these net capital expenditures. The capital expenditures for 2008 are primarily comprised of information technology costs, which are driven largely by computer replacements as well as costs associated with upgrading various servers and systems, and leasehold improvements.
During 2003 and 2006, we required substantial amounts of new equity and debt financing to fund our acquisitions of Insignia and Trammell Crow Company. Absent extraordinary transactions such as these, we historically have not needed sources of financing other than our internally generated cash flow and our revolving credit facility to fund our working capital, capital expenditure and investment requirements. In the absence of such extraordinary transactions, our management anticipates that our cash flow from operations and our revolving credit facility would be sufficient to meet our anticipated cash requirements for the foreseeable future, but at a minimum for the next 12 months.
As evidenced above, from time to time, we consider potential strategic acquisitions. Our management believes that any future significant acquisitions that we make most likely would require us to obtain additional debt or equity financing. In the past, we have been able to obtain such financing for material transactions on terms that our management believed to be reasonable. However, it is possible that we may not be able to find acquisition financing on favorable terms in the future if we decide to make any further material acquisitions.
Our current long-term liquidity needs, other than those related to ordinary course obligations and commitments such as operating leases, generally are comprised of two parts. The first is the repayment of the outstanding and anticipated principal amounts of our long-term indebtedness. Our management is unable to project with certainty whether our long-term cash flow from operations will be sufficient to repay our long-term debt when it comes due. If this cash flow is insufficient, then our management expects that we would need to refinance such indebtedness or otherwise amend its terms to extend the maturity dates. Our management cannot make any assurances that such refinancings or amendments, if necessary, would be available on attractive terms, if at all.
The other primary component of our long-term liquidity needs, other than those related to ordinary course obligations and commitments such as operating leases, are our obligations related to our deferred compensation plans and our U.K. pension plans. Pursuant to our deferred compensation plans, a select group of our management and other highly-compensated employees have been permitted to defer receipt of some or all of their compensation until future distribution dates and have the deferred amount credited towards specified investment alternatives. Except for deferrals into stock fund units that provide for future issuances of our common stock, the deferrals under the deferred compensation plans represent future cash payment obligations for us. We currently have invested in insurance and mutual funds for the purpose of funding our future cash deferred compensation obligations. In addition, upon each distribution under the plans, we receive a corresponding tax deduction for such compensation payment. Our U.K. subsidiaries maintain pension plans with respect
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to which a limited number of our U.K. employees are participants. Our historical policy has been to fund pension costs as actuarially determined and as required by applicable law and regulations. During the third quarter of 2007, we reached agreements with the active members of these plans to freeze future pension plan benefits. In return, the active members became eligible to enroll in the CBRE Group Personal Pension Plan, a defined contribution plan in the United Kingdom.
We expect that any future obligations under our deferred compensation plans and pension plans that are not currently funded will be funded out of our future cash flow from operations.
In January 2007, we sold Trammell Crow Company's approximately 19% ownership interest in Savills plc at a net loss, which was largely driven by stock price depreciation at the date of sale as compared to December 31, 2006 when the investment was marked to market. The pre-tax proceeds from the sale, net of selling costs, totaled approximately $311.0 million and were used to reduce net indebtedness.
On November 7, 2007, we announced a share repurchase program of up to $500.0 million of our outstanding common stock, which was authorized by our board of directors. Subsequently, on November 28, 2007, we announced an expansion of our share repurchase program, in which our board of directors authorized the share repurchase of up to $635.0 million of our outstanding shares of common stock, which included the $500.0 million previously authorized. This share repurchase program was funded out of our cash flow from operations as well as our revolving credit facility and was completed in December 2007.
Historical Cash Flows
Operating Activities
Net cash used in operating activities totaled $380.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008 as compared to net cash provided by operating activities of $162.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2007. The sharp increase in cash used in operating activities during the six months ended June 30, 2008 versus the same period last year was primarily due to approximately $311.0 million in proceeds received upon the sale of the approximately 19% ownership in Savills plc, a real estate services company based in the United Kingdom held by Trammell Crow Company, during the six months ended June 30, 2007. In addition, the increase was driven by higher bonus payments and lower bonus accruals made in the current year.
Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities totaled $330.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008, an increase of $221.5 million as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2007. The increase was primarily driven by the use of cash for in-fill acquisitions and to purchase real estate held for investment in the current year.
Financing Activities
Net cash provided by financing activities totaled $606.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008, an increase of $469.0 million as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2007. The increase was primarily driven by $300.0 million of proceeds received from an additional term loan in connection with the exercise of the accordion provision of our Credit Agreement. Also contributing to the increase were higher net borrowings under our revolving credit facility in the current year as well as increased activities within our Development Services segment, including higher net proceeds received from notes payable on real estate.
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Indebtedness
Our level of indebtedness increases the possibility that we may be unable to generate cash sufficient to pay when due the principal of, interest on or other amounts due in respect of our indebtedness and other obligations. In addition, we may incur additional debt from time to time to finance strategic acquisitions, investments, joint ventures or for other purposes, subject to the restrictions contained in the documents governing our indebtedness. If we incur additional debt, the risks associated with our leverage, including our ability to service our debt, would increase.
Most of our long-term indebtedness was incurred in connection with our acquisition of CB Richard Ellis Services in July 2001, the Insignia Acquisition in July 2003 and the Trammell Crow Company Acquisition in December 2006. The CB Richard Ellis Services acquisition, which was a going private transaction involving members of our senior management, affiliates of Blum Capital Partners and Freeman Spogli & Co. and some of our other existing stockholders, was undertaken so that we could take advantage of growth opportunities and focus on improvements in the CB Richard Ellis Services businesses. The Insignia Acquisition increased the scale of our real estate advisory services and outsourcing services businesses as well as significantly increased our presence in the New York, London and Paris metropolitan areas. The Trammell Crow Company Acquisition has expanded our global leadership and strengthened our ability to provide integrated account management and comprehensive real estate services for our clients.
Since 2001, we have maintained a credit agreement with Credit Suisse (CS) and other lenders to fund strategic acquisitions and to provide for our working capital needs. On December 20, 2006, we entered into an amendment and restatement to our credit agreement (the Credit Agreement) to, among other things, allow the consummation of the Trammell Crow Company Acquisition and the incurrence of senior secured term loan facilities for an aggregate principal amount of up to $2.2 billion. On March 27, 2008, we exercised the accordion provision of the Credit Agreement, which added an additional $300.0 million term loan.
Our Credit Agreement includes the following: (1) a $600.0 million revolving credit facility, including revolving credit loans, letters of credit and a swingline loan facility, all maturing on June 24, 2011, (2) a $1.1 billion tranche A term loan facility, requiring quarterly principal payments beginning March 31, 2009 (previously set to commence on March 31, 2008, but adjusted as a result of our prepayment of all of the 2008 required payments in 2007) through September 30, 2011, with the balance payable on December 20, 2011, (3) a $1.1 billion tranche B term loan facility, requiring quarterly principal payments of $2.75 million beginning March 31, 2007 through September 30, 2013, with the balance payable on December 20, 2013 and (4) a $300.0 million tranche A-1 term loan facility, requiring quarterly principal payments of $0.75 million beginning June 30, 2008 through September 30, 2013, with the balance payable on December 20, 2013. The revolving credit facility allows for borrowings outside of the United States, with sub-facilities of $5.0 million available to one of our Canadian subsidiaries, $35.0 million in aggregate available to one of our Australian and one of our New Zealand subsidiaries and $50.0 million available to one of our U.K. subsidiaries. Additionally, outstanding borrowings under these sub-facilities may be up to 5.0% higher as allowed under the currency fluctuation provision in the Credit Agreement.
Borrowings under the revolving credit facility bear interest at varying rates, based at our option, on either the applicable fixed rate plus 1.2375% or the daily rate plus 0.2375% for the first year; thereafter, at the applicable fixed rate plus 0.575% to 1.1125% or the daily rate plus 0% to 0.1125%, in both cases as determined by reference to our ratio of total debt less available cash to EBITDA (as defined in the Credit Agreement). As of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, we had $404.7 million and $227.1 million, respectively, of revolving credit facility principal outstanding with related weighted average interest rates of 4.5% and 7.4%, respectively, which are included in short-term borrowings in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. As of June 30, 2008, letters of credit totaling
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$17.5 million were outstanding under the revolving credit facility. These letters of credit primarily relate to our outstanding indebtedness as well as letters of credit issued in connection with development activities in our Development Services segment and reduce the amount we may borrow under the revolving credit facility.
Borrowings under the tranche A term loan facility bear interest, based at our option, on either the applicable fixed rate plus 1.50% or the daily rate plus 0.50% for the first year, thereafter, at the applicable fixed rate plus 0.75% to 1.375% or the daily rate plus 0% to 0.375%, in both cases as determined by reference to our ratio of total debt less available cash to EBITDA (as defined in the Credit Agreement). Borrowings under the tranche B term loan facility bear interest, based at our option, on either the applicable fixed rate plus 1.50% or the daily rate plus 0.50%. Borrowings under the tranche A-1 term loan facility bear interest based at our option, on either the applicable fixed rate plus 3.50% or the daily rate plus 2.50%. The tranche A-1 term loan facility includes a targeted outstanding amount (as defined in the Credit Agreement) provision that will increase the interest rate by 2% if the outstanding balance exceeds the targeted outstanding amount at the end of each quarter. As of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, the tranche A term loan facility bore interest at a rate of 3.5% and 5.7%, respectively, while the tranche B term loan facility bore interest at a rate of 4.0% and 6.4%, respectively. As of June 30, 2008, the tranche A-1 term loan facility bore interest at a rate of 6.0%. As of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, we had $827.0 million of tranche A term loan facility principal outstanding and $954.5 million and $960.0 million of tranche B term loan facility principal outstanding, respectively, which are included in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. As of June 30, 2008, we had $299.3 million of tranche A-1 term loan facility principal outstanding, which is also included in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
On February 26, 2007, we entered into two interest rate swap agreements with a total notional amount of $1.4 billion and a maturity date of December 31, 2009. The purpose of these interest rate swap agreements is to hedge potential changes to our cash flows due to the variable interest nature of our senior secured term loan facilities. On March 20, 2007, these interest rate swaps were designated as cash flow hedges under SFAS No. 133, "Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities," as amended. We incurred a loss on these interest rate swaps from the date we entered into the swaps up to the designation date of approximately $3.9 million, which is included in other loss in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations. There was no hedge ineffectiveness for the six months ended June 30, 2008 or for the period from March 20, 2007 through June 30, 2007. On March 20, 2008, the total notional amount of the interest rate swap agreements was reduced to $950.0 million. As of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, the fair value of the interest rate swap agreements was reflected as an $18.3 million liability and a $17.1 million liability, respectively, and was included in other current liabilities in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
The Credit Agreement is jointly and severally guaranteed by us and substantially all of our domestic subsidiaries. Borrowings under our Credit Agreement are secured by a pledge of substantially all of the capital stock of our U.S. subsidiaries and 65% of the capital stock of certain non-U.S. subsidiaries. Additionally, the Credit Agreement requires us to pay a fee based on the total amount of the revolving credit facility commitment.
Our Credit Agreement contains numerous restrictive covenants that, among other things, limit our ability to incur additional indebtedness, pay dividends or make distributions to stockholders, repurchase capital stock or debt, make investments, sell assets or subsidiary stock, create or permit liens on assets, engage in transactions with affiliates, enter into sale/leaseback transactions, issue subsidiary equity and enter into consolidations or mergers. Our Credit Agreement also currently requires us to maintain a minimum coverage ratio of interest and a maximum leverage ratio of EBITDA (as defined in the Credit Agreement) to funded debt.
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From time to time, Moody's Investor Service and Standard & Poor's Ratings Service rate our senior debt. During the first quarter of 2008, in connection with our recent syndication of the additional $300.0 million term loan under our Credit Agreement, both Moody's and Standard & Poor's affirmed our senior debt ratings with a stable outlook. Neither the Moody's nor the Standard & Poor's ratings impact our ability to borrow under our Credit Agreement. However, these ratings may impact our ability to borrow under new agreements in the future and the interest rates of any such current or future borrowings.
On March 2, 2007, we entered into a $50.0 million credit note with Wells Fargo Bank for the purpose of purchasing eligible investments, which include cash equivalents, agency securities, A1/P1 commercial paper and eligible money market funds. On July 1, 2008, the line of credit was reduced to $40.0 million. The proceeds of this note will not be made generally available to us, but will instead be deposited in an investment account maintained by Wells Fargo Bank and will be used and applied solely to purchase eligible investment securities. Borrowings under the revolving credit note bear interest at 0.25% and the original termination date of the note, which was December 3, 2007, was extended to September 1, 2008 through a written amendment. As of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, there were no amounts outstanding under this revolving credit note.
On August 1, 2007, we entered into a $4.0 million revolving note with LaSalle Bank, which was subsequently acquired by Bank of America (BofA), for the purpose of purchasing LaSalle Bank commercial paper or A1/P1 prime commercial paper (as defined in the revolving note). The proceeds of this note were not made generally available to us, but instead were to be deposited in an investment account maintained by LaSalle Bank and were to be used and applied solely to purchase commercial paper. Borrowings under the revolving note bore interest at 0.25%. This note matured on August 1, 2008. As of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, there were no amounts outstanding under this revolving note.
On March 4, 2008, we entered into a $35.0 million credit and security agreement with BofA for the purpose of purchasing eligible financial instruments, which include A1/P1 commercial paper, U.S. Treasury securities, GSE discount notes (as defined in the credit and security agreement) and money market funds. The proceeds of this note will not be made generally available to us, but will instead be deposited in an investment account maintained by BofA and will be used and applied solely to purchase eligible financial instruments. Borrowings under the revolving note bear interest at 1.0% with a maturity date of February 28, 2009. As of June 30, 2008, there were no amounts outstanding under this revolving note.
Our wholly-owned subsidiary, CBRE Melody, has the following warehouse lines of credit: credit agreements with JP Morgan Chase Bank, N.A. (JP Morgan) and BofA for the purpose of funding mortgage loans that will be resold and a funding arrangement with Red Mortgage Capital Inc. (Red Capital) for the purpose of funding originations of multi-family property mortgage loans. Additionally, CBRE Melody previously had a credit agreement with Washington Mutual Bank, FA (WaMu) for the purpose of funding mortgage loans that would be resold, which was terminated by WaMu on January 28, 2008.
On November 15, 2005, CBRE Melody entered into a secured credit agreement with JP Morgan to establish a warehouse line of credit. This agreement provided for a $250.0 million senior secured revolving line of credit and bore interest at the daily Chase London LIBOR rate plus 0.75%. On September 13, 2007, CBRE Melody entered into an amendment to their secured credit agreement with JP Morgan, which increased the senior secured revolving line of credit from $250.0 million to $350.0 million, with the additional $100.0 million bearing interest at the Chase London LIBOR rate plus 0.85%. On November 30, 2007, CBRE Melody executed an amendment to extend the maturity date of the agreement to May 31, 2008. This amendment also changed the interest rate to Chase London LIBOR plus 1.00% on amounts outstanding aggregating $250.0 million or less and Chase
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London LIBOR plus 1.10% on outstanding amounts in excess of $250.0 million. On April 16, 2008, CBRE Melody entered into an amendment which reduced the senior secured revolving line of credit from $350.0 million to $210.0 million, with borrowings up to $150.0 million bearing interest at LIBOR plus 1.00% and borrowings in excess of $150.0 million up to $210.0 million bearing interest at LIBOR plus 1.10%. On May 31, 2008, CBRE Melody executed an amendment to extend the maturity date of the agreement to May 30, 2009.
Effective July 1, 2006, CBRE Melody entered into a $200.0 million multi-family mortgage loan repurchase agreement, or Repo Agreement, with WaMu. Under the Repo Agreement, CBRE Melody originated multi-family loans and sold such loans to one or more investors, including Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, Ginnie Mae or any of several private institutional investors. WaMu agreed to purchase certain qualifying mortgage loans after such loans had been originated, but prior to sale to one of the aforementioned investors, on a servicing retained basis, subject to CBRE Melody's obligation to repurchase the mortgage loan. Effective August 20, 2007, CBRE Melody entered into a first amendment to the Repo Agreement with WaMu. This amendment provided for, among other things, a change in interest rate from one-month LIBOR, set daily plus 0.75% to one-month LIBOR, set daily plus 0.70%. The Repo Agreement was to continue indefinitely unless or until thirty days written notice was delivered, prior to the termination date, by either CBRE Melody or WaMu. The Repo Agreement was terminated by WaMu effective January 28, 2008.
In February 2008, CBRE Melody established a funding arrangement with Red Capital for the purpose of funding originations of Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae multi-family property mortgage loans. Each funding is separately approved on a transaction-by-transaction basis where Red Capital commits to purchase a 100% participation interest in qualifying mortgage loans that are subject to a rate-lock commitment from Freddie Mac or Fannie Mae. Under the arrangement, a participation is funded when a mortgage loan is originated, on a servicing retained basis, subject to CBRE Melody's obligation to repurchase the participation interest upon ultimate sale of the mortgage loan to Freddie Mac or Fannie Mae.
On April 16, 2008, CBRE Melody entered into a secured credit agreement with BofA to establish a warehouse line of credit. The agreement provides for a $125.0 million senior secured revolving line of credit, bears interest at the daily one-month LIBOR rate plus 1.00% and expires on April 15, 2009.
During the six months ended June 30, 2008, we had a maximum of $307.9 million of warehouse lines of credit principal outstanding. As of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, we had $183.3 million and $255.8 million of warehouse lines of credit principal outstanding, respectively, which are included in short-term borrowings in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Additionally, we had $183.3 million and $255.8 million of mortgage loans held for sale (warehouse receivables), which represented mortgage loans funded through the lines of credit that, while committed to be purchased, had not yet been purchased as of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively, and which are also included in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
On July 31, 2006, CBRE Melody entered into a $60.0 million revolving credit note with JP Morgan for the purpose of purchasing qualified investment securities, which include but are not limited to U.S. Treasury and Agency securities. The proceeds of this note will not be made generally available to CBRE Melody, but will instead be deposited in an investment account maintained by JP Morgan and will be used and applied solely to purchase qualified investment securities. Borrowings under the revolving credit note will bear interest at 0.50%. Initially, all outstanding principal on this note and all accrued interest unpaid was to be due and payable on demand, or if no demand was made, then on or before July 31, 2007. Effective May 1, 2007, CBRE Melody executed an amendment which increased the revolving credit note to $100.0 million and extended the maturity date to April 30, 2008. On November 30, 2007, CBRE Melody executed an amendment which further extended the maturity date to May 31, 2008. On May 31, 2008, CBRE Melody executed an amendment which further extended the
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maturity date to May 30, 2009. As of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, there were no amounts outstanding under this revolving credit note.
On April 30, 2007, Trammell Crow Company Acquisitions II, L.P. (Acquisitions II), a legal entity within our Development Services segment that we consolidate, entered into a $100.0 million revolving credit agreement with WestLB AG, as administrative agent for a lender group. Borrowings under this credit agreement are used to fund acquisitions of real estate prior to receipt of capital contributions of Acquisitions II investors and permanent project financing. Borrowings under this agreement bear interest at the daily British Bankers Association LIBOR rate plus 0.65% and this agreement expires on April 30, 2010. Subject to certain conditions, Acquisitions II can extend the maturity date of the credit facility for an additional term of not longer than 12 months and may increase the maximum commitment to an amount not exceeding $150.0 million. Borrowings under the line are non-recourse to us and are secured by the capital commitments of the investors in Acquisitions II. As of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, there was $46.5 million and $42.6 million, respectively, outstanding under this revolving credit note included in short-term borrowings in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
In connection with our acquisition of Westmark Realty Advisors in 1995 (now known as CB Richard Ellis Investors), we issued approximately $20.0 million in aggregate principal amount of senior notes. The Westmark senior notes are redeemable at the discretion of the note holders and have a final maturity date of June 30, 2010. The interest rate on the Westmark senior notes is currently equal to the interest rate in effect for amounts outstanding under our Credit Agreement plus 12 basis points. The amount of the Westmark senior notes included in short-term borrowings in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets was $9.0 million and $11.2 million as of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively.
Insignia, which we acquired in July 2003, issued loan notes as partial consideration for previous acquisitions of businesses in the United Kingdom. The acquisition loan notes are payable to the sellers of the previously acquired U.K. businesses and are secured by restricted cash deposits in approximately the same amount. The acquisition loan notes are redeemable semi-annually at the discretion of the note holder and have a final maturity date of April 2010. As of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, $1.6 million and $1.9 million, respectively, of the acquisition loan notes were outstanding and are included in short-term borrowings in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
In February 2008, in connection with the purchase of Paul Gee & Co. in Scotland, we issued loan notes that are payable to the sellers. The notes can be redeemed by the sellers at any time after August 1, 2008 through June 30, 2011 and bear interest at 5%. The amount of Paul Gee acquisition loan notes included in short-term borrowings in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets was $1.0 million at June 30, 2008.
A significant number of our subsidiaries in Europe have had a Euro cash pool loan since 2001, which is used to fund their short-term liquidity needs. The Euro cash pool loan is an overdraft line for our European operations issued by HSBC Bank. The Euro cash pool loan has no stated maturity date and bears interest at varying rates based on a base rate as defined by HSBC Bank plus 2.5%. As of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, there were no amounts outstanding under this facility.
Deferred Compensation Plan Obligations
We have three deferred compensation plans, or DCPs. The first, which we refer to as the Pre-August 2004 DCP, has been frozen and is no longer accepting deferrals. The second, which we refer to as the Post-August 2004 DCP, became effective on August 1, 2004 and began accepting deferrals on August 13, 2004. The Trammell Crow Company DCP, which was assumed by us in connection with the Trammell Crow Company Acquisition, was merged into the Post-August 2004 DCP effective January 1, 2008. The third, which we refer to as the Restoration Plan and was assumed by us in connection with
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our acquisition of Insignia, has been frozen and is no longer accepting deferrals. Because a substantial majority of the deferrals under our deferred compensation plans have distribution dates based upon the end of a relevant participant's employment with us, we have an ongoing obligation to make distributions to these participants as they leave our employment. In addition, participants currently may receive unscheduled in-service withdrawals of amounts deferred prior to January 1, 2005, subject to a 7.5% penalty. As the level of employee departures or in-service distributions is not predictable, the timing of these obligations also is not predictable. Accordingly, we may face significant unexpected cash funding obligations in the future if in-service distributions are greater than we expect or participants leave our employment sooner than we expect. The deferred compensation liabilities in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets was $284.4 million and $290.6 million at June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively.
Pension Liability
Our subsidiaries based in the United Kingdom maintain two contributory defined benefit pension plans to provide retirement benefits to existing and former employees participating in the plans. With respect to these plans, our historical policy has been to contribute annually an amount to fund pension cost as actuarially determined and as required by applicable laws and regulations. Our contributions to these plans are invested and, if these investments do not perform in the future as well as we expect, we will be required to provide additional funding to cover the shortfall. During the third quarter of 2007, we reached agreements with the active members of these plans to freeze future pension plan benefits. In return, the active members became eligible to enroll in the CBRE Group Personal Pension Plan, a defined contribution plan in the United Kingdom. The pension liability in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets was $33.7 million and $34.2 million at June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively.
We expect to contribute a total of $4.7 million to fund our pension plans for the year ending December 31, 2008, of which $2.4 million was funded as of June 30, 2008.
Other Obligations and Commitments
We had outstanding letters of credit totaling $21.7 million as of June 30, 2008, excluding letters of credit for which we have outstanding liabilities already accrued on our consolidated balance sheet related to our subsidiaries' outstanding reserves for claims under certain insurance programs and indebtedness. These letters of credit are primarily executed by us in the normal course of business of our Development Services segment as well as in connection with certain insurance programs. The letters of credit expire at varying dates through July 2009.
We had guarantees totaling $38.4 million as of June 30, 2008, excluding guarantees related to consolidated indebtedness, pension liability and operating leases. These guarantees primarily consisted of a $29.8 million guarantee of pension related obligations and liabilities related to one of our defined benefit pension plans in the United Kingdom. The remaining guarantees primarily included debt repayment guarantees of unconsolidated subsidiaries as well as various guarantees of management contracts in our operations overseas. The guarantee obligations related to debt repayment guarantees of unconsolidated subsidiaries expire at varying dates through December 2009. The other guarantees will expire at the end of each of the respective agreements.
In addition, as of June 30, 2008, we had numerous completion and budget guarantees relating to development projects. These guarantees are made by us in the normal course of business. Each of these guarantees requires us to complete construction of the relevant project within a specified timeframe and/or within a specified budget, with us potentially being liable for costs to complete in excess of such timeframe or budget. However, we generally have "guaranteed maximum price" contracts with reputable general contractors with respect to projects for which we provide these
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guarantees. These contracts are intended to pass the risk to such contractors. While there can be no assurance, we do not expect to incur any material losses under these guarantees.
From time to time, we act as a general contractor with respect to construction projects. We do not consider these activities to be a material part of our business. In connection with these activities, we seek to subcontract construction work for certain projects to reputable subcontractors. Should construction defects arise relating to the underlying projects, we could potentially be liable to the client for the costs to repair such defects; we would generally look to the subcontractor that performed the work to remedy the defect and also look to insurance policies that cover this work. While there can be no assurance, we do not expect to incur material losses with respect to construction defects.
An important part of the strategy for our investment management business involves investing our capital in certain real estate investments with our clients. These co-investments typically range from 2% to 5% of the equity in a particular fund. As of June 30, 2008, we had committed $72.5 million to fund future co-investments, of which $36.5 million is expected to be funded during 2008. In addition to required future capital contributions, some of the co-investment entities may request additional capital from us and our subsidiaries holding investments in those assets and the failure to provide these contributions could have adverse consequences to our interests in these investments.
Additionally, an important part of our development services business strategy is to invest in unconsolidated real estate subsidiaries as a principal (in most cases co-investing with our clients). As of June 30, 2008, we had committed to fund $19.3 million of additional capital to these unconsolidated subsidiaries, which may be called at any time.
Seasonality
A significant portion of our revenue is seasonal, which can affect an investor's ability to compare our financial condition and results of operations on a quarter-by-quarter basis. Historically, this seasonality has caused our revenue, operating income, net income and cash flow from operating activities to be lower in the first two quarters and higher in the third and fourth quarters of each year. The concentration of earnings and cash flow in the fourth quarter is due to an industry-wide focus on completing transactions toward the fiscal year-end. This has historically resulted in lower profits or a loss in the first and second quarters, with profits growing or losses decreasing in each subsequent quarter.
New Accounting Pronouncements
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 158, "Employers' Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plansan amendment of FASB Statements No. 87, 88, 106, and 132(R)." SFAS No. 158 requires an employer to recognize the funded status of each pension and other post-retirement benefit plan as an asset or liability on their balance sheet with all unrecognized amounts to be recorded in other comprehensive income. As required, we adopted this provision of SFAS No. 158 and initially applied it to the funded status of our defined benefit pension plans as of December 31, 2006. SFAS No. 158 also ultimately requires an employer to measure the funded status of a plan as of the date of the employer's fiscal year-end statement of financial position. As required, we will adopt the provisions of SFAS No. 158 relative to the measurement date in our fiscal year ending December 31, 2008. We are currently evaluating the impact, if any, that the full adoption of SFAS No. 158 will have on our consolidated financial position and results of operations.
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, "Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial StatementsAn Amendment of ARB No. 51." SFAS No. 160 establishes accounting and reporting standards for a parent company's noncontrolling interest in a subsidiary and for the deconsolidation of a subsidiary. Under SFAS No. 160, a change in control will be measured at fair value, with any gain or loss recognized in earnings. SFAS No. 160 is effective for fiscal years and
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interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning on or after December 15, 2008. We are currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of SFAS No. 160 on our consolidated financial position and results of operations.
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141 (Revised 2007), "Business Combinations," or SFAS No. 141R. SFAS No. 141R amends SFAS No. 141 and provides revised guidance for recognizing and measuring assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination. This statement also requires that transaction costs in a business combination be expensed as incurred. Changes in acquired tax contingencies, including those existing at the date of adoption, will be recognized in earnings if outside the maximum allocation period (generally one year). SFAS No. 141R will apply prospectively to business combinations for which the acquisition date is after fiscal years beginning on or after December 15, 2008. We are currently evaluating the impact of SFAS No. 141R.
In February 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position (FSP) 157-2, "Effective Date of SFAS No. 157." FSP 157-2 delays the effective date of SFAS No. 157, "Fair Value Measurements," for all non-financial assets and liabilities, except for items that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis (at least annually), until fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008, and interim periods within those fiscal years. We adopted the provisions of SFAS No. 157 for financial assets and liabilities as of January 1, 2008 and there was no significant impact to our consolidated financial position and results of operations. We are currently evaluating the impact that SFAS No. 157 will have on our consolidated financial position and results of operations when it is applied to non-financial assets and liabilities, except for items that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis.
In March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161, "Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, an amendment of SFAS No. 133." SFAS No. 161 requires additional disclosures about the objectives of the derivative instruments and hedging activities, the method of accounting for such instruments under SFAS No. 133 and its related interpretations, and a tabular disclosure of the effects of such instruments and related hedged items on our financial position, financial performance and cash flows. SFAS No. 161 is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008. We are currently evaluating the disclosure impact of the adoption of SFAS No. 161 on our consolidated financial statements.
In April 2008, the FASB issued FSP 142-3, "Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible Assets." FSP 142-3 amends the factors that should be considered in developing renewal or extension assumptions used to determine the useful life of a recognized intangible asset under SFAS No. 142, "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets." The intent of this FSP is to improve the consistency between the useful life of a recognized intangible asset and the period of expected cash flows used to measure the fair value of the asset under SFAS No. 141, and other GAAP. FSP 142-3 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008, and interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption prohibited. We are currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of FSP 142-3 on our consolidated financial position and results of operations.
In May 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 162, "The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles." SFAS No. 162 identifies the sources of accounting principles and the framework for selecting principles to be used in the preparation of financial statements of nongovernmental entities that are presented in conformity with GAAP in the United States. This statement shall be effective 60 days following the SEC's approval of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board's amendments to AU section 411, "The Meaning of Present Fairly in Conformity with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles." We are currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of SFAS No. 162 on our consolidated financial position and results of operations.
In May 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 163, "Accounting for Financial Guarantee Insurance Contractsan interpretation of FASB Statement No. 60." SFAS No. 163 requires that an insurance
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enterprise recognize a claim liability prior to an event of default (insured event) when there is evidence that credit deterioration has occurred in an insured financial obligation. This statement also clarifies how SFAS No. 60, "Accounting and Reporting by Insurance Enterprises," applies to financial guarantee insurance contracts, including the recognition and measurement to be used to account for premium revenue and claim liabilities. This statement is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2008. We are currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of SFAS No. 163 on our consolidated financial position and results of operations.
In June 2008, the FASB issued Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) Issue No. 08-3, "Accounting by Lessees for Nonrefundable Maintenance Deposits." EITF Issue No. 08-3 requires that nonrefundable maintenance deposits paid by a lessee under an arrangement accounted for as a lease be accounted for as a deposit asset until the underlying maintenance is performed. When the underlying maintenance is performed, the deposit may be expensed or capitalized in accordance with the lessee's maintenance accounting policy. Upon adoption, entities must recognize the effect of the change as a change in accounting principal. EITF Issue No. 08-3 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. We are currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of EITF Issue No. 08-3 on our consolidated financial position and results of operations.
In June 2008, the FASB issued FSP EITF 03-6-1, "Determining Whether Instruments Granted in Share-Based Payment Transactions are Participating Securities." FSP EITF 03-6-1 clarifies that unvested share-based payment awards that contain nonforfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents (whether paid or unpaid) are participating securities and are to be included in the computation of earnings per share under the two-class method described in SFAS No. 128. FSP EITF 03-6-1 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008.
Forward-Looking Statements
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q includes forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. The words "anticipate," "believe," "could," "should," "propose," "continue," "estimate," "expect," "intend," "may," "plan," "predict," "project," "will" and similar terms and phrases are used in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to identify forward-looking statements. These statements relate to analyses and other information based on forecasts of future results and estimates of amounts not yet determinable. These statements also relate to our future prospects, developments and business strategies.
These forward-looking statements are made based on our management's expectations and beliefs concerning future events affecting us and are subject to uncertainties and factors relating to our operations and business environment, all of which are difficult to predict and many of which are beyond our control. These uncertainties and factors could cause our actual results to differ materially from those matters expressed in or implied by these forward-looking statements.
The
following factors are among those, but are not only those, that may cause actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking
statements:
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Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date the statements are made. You should not put undue reliance on any forward-looking statements. We assume no obligation to update forward-looking statements to reflect actual results, changes in assumptions or changes in other factors affecting forward-looking information, except to the extent required by applicable securities laws. If we do update one or more forward-looking statements, no inference should be drawn that we will make additional updates with respect to those or other forward-looking statements. Additional information concerning these and other risks and uncertainties is contained in our other periodic filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
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ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
The information in this section should be read in connection with the information on market risk related to changes in interest rates and non-U.S. currency exchange rates in Part II, Item 7A, Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk, in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007. Our exposure to market risk consists of foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations related to our international operations and changes in interest rates on debt obligations.
During the six months ended June 30, 2008, approximately 39.7% of our business was transacted in local currencies of foreign countries, the majority of which includes the Euro, the British pound sterling, the Canadian dollar, the Hong Kong dollar, the Japanese yen, the Singapore dollar, the Australian dollar and the Indian rupee. We attempt to manage our exposure primarily by balancing assets and liabilities and maintaining cash positions in foreign currencies only at levels necessary for operating purposes. We routinely monitor our exposure to currency exchange rate changes in connection with transactions and sometimes enter into foreign currency exchange forward and option contracts to limit our exposure to such transactions, as appropriate. In the normal course of business, we also sometimes utilize derivative financial instruments in the form of foreign currency exchange contracts to mitigate foreign currency exchange exposure resulting from inter-company loans, expected cash flow and earnings. We apply Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 133, "Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities," as amended, when accounting for any such contracts. In all cases, we view derivative financial instruments as a risk management tool and, accordingly, do not engage in any speculative activities with respect to foreign currency.
On December 20, 2007, we entered into a foreign currency exchange forward contract with a notional amount of 46.0 million British pounds sterling, which expires on October 31, 2008, in order to hedge an inter-company loan. On February 28, 2008, we entered into three option agreements, including one to sell a notional amount of 14.0 million of Euros, which expired on June 26, 2008. The other two options agreements were to sell a notional amount of 11.5 million of Euros and 37.7 million of Euros, which expire on September 26, 2008 and December 26, 2008, respectively. Included in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations were charges of $0.1 million and $8.4 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008, respectively, resulting from net losses on foreign currency exchange forward and option contracts.
We also enter into loan commitments that relate to the origination or acquisition of commercial mortgage loans that will be held for resale. SFAS No. 133, as amended, requires that these commitments be recorded at their relative fair values as derivatives. The net impact on our financial position or earnings resulting from these derivatives contracts has not been significant.
Estimated fair values for the term loans under our senior secured term loan facilities and our remaining long-term debt are not presented because we believe that they are not materially different from book value. Borrowings are floating rate instruments and we believe that for similar financial instruments with comparable credit risks, the stated interest rates as of June 30, 2008 (floating rates at spreads over a market rate index) approximate market rates. Accordingly, the carrying value is believed to approximate fair value. However, based on the current credit market environment, it may not be possible to replicate our current spreads over the market rate index.
On February 26, 2007, we entered into two interest rate swap agreements with a total notional amount of $1.4 billion and a maturity date of December 31, 2009. The purpose of these interest rate swap agreements is to hedge potential changes to our cash flows due to the variable interest nature of our senior secured term loan facilities. On March 20, 2007, these interest rate swaps were designated as cash flow hedges under SFAS No. 133. We incurred a loss on these interest rate swaps from the date we entered into the swaps up to the designation date of approximately $3.9 million, which is included in other loss in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations for the six months ended
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June 30, 2007. There was no hedge ineffectiveness for the six months ended June 30, 2008. On March 20, 2008, the notional amount of these swap agreements was reduced to $950.0 million. As of June 30, 2008, the fair value of these interest rate swap agreements was reflected as an $18.3 million liability and is included in other current liabilities in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
We utilize sensitivity analyses to assess the potential effect of our variable rate debt. If interest rates were to increase by 41 basis points, which would comprise approximately 10% of the weighted average interest rates of our outstanding variable rate debt, excluding notes payable on real estate, at June 30, 2008, the net impact would be a decrease of $5.6 million on pre-tax income and cash provided by operating activities for the six months ended June 30, 2008.
We also have $586.4 million of notes payable on real estate as of June 30, 2008. Interest costs relating to notes payable on real estate include both interest that is expensed and interest that is capitalized as part of the cost of real estate. If interest rates were to increase by 100 basis points, our total estimated interest cost related to notes payable would increase by approximately $5.9 million. From time to time, we enter into interest rate swap and cap agreements in order to limit our interest expense related to our notes payable on real estate. If any of these agreements are not designated as effective hedges under SFAS No. 133, then they are marked to market each period with the change in fair market value recognized in current period earnings. There was no significant net impact on our earnings resulting from gains and/or losses on interest rate swap and cap agreements associated with notes payable on real estate for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008.
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
We have formally adopted a policy for disclosure controls and procedures that provides guidance on the evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures and is designed to ensure that all corporate disclosure is complete and accurate in all material respects and that all information required to be disclosed in the periodic reports submitted by us under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods and in the manner specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the company's management, including its principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. As of the end of the period covered by this report, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures. A Disclosure Committee consisting of the principal accounting officer, general counsel, chief communication officer, senior officers of each significant business line and other select employees assisted the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer in this evaluation. Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as required by the Securities Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(c) as of the end of the period covered by this report.
No changes in our internal control over financial reporting occurred during the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2008 that have materially affected, or are likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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We are a party to a number of pending or threatened lawsuits arising out of, or incident to, our ordinary course of business. Our management believes that any liability imposed on us that may result from disposition of these lawsuits will not have a material effect on our business, consolidated financial position, cash flows or results of operations.
There have been no material changes to our risk factors as previously disclosed in our Form 10-K for the annual period ended December 31, 2007.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
The three proposals presented at the meeting were:
Name
|
For | Withheld | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Richard C. Blum |
180,297,565 | 2,351,548 | |||||
Patrice M. Daniels |
180,436,605 | 2,212,508 | |||||
Senator Thomas A. Daschle |
180,391,807 | 2,257,306 | |||||
Curtis F. Feeny |
180,436,680 | 2,212,413 | |||||
Bradford M. Freeman |
180,407,361 | 2,241,752 | |||||
Michael Kantor |
171,776,872 | 10,872,241 | |||||
Frederic V. Malek |
180,340,835 | 2,308,278 | |||||
Jane J. Su |
180,283,315 | 2,365,798 | |||||
Robert E. Sulentic |
180,415,320 | 2,233,793 | |||||
Brett White |
180,437,735 | 2,211,378 | |||||
Gary L. Wilson |
180,429,488 | 2,219,625 | |||||
Ray Wirta |
180,402,727 | 2,246,386 |
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Exhibit Number |
Description | ||
---|---|---|---|
3.1 | Form of Restated Certificate of Incorporation of CB Richard Ellis Group, Inc. filed on June 15, 2004 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 of the CB Richard Ellis Group Inc. Amendment No. 4 to Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed with the SEC (No. 333-112867) on June 7, 2004) | ||
3.2 |
Form of Restated By-laws of CB Richard Ellis Group, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.5 of the CB Richard Ellis Group, Inc. Amendment No. 4 to Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed with the SEC (No. 333-112867) on June 7, 2004) |
||
4.2(a) |
Securityholders' Agreement, dated as of July 20, 2001 ("Securityholders' Agreement"), by and among, CB Richard Ellis Group, Inc., CB Richard Ellis Services, Inc., Blum Strategic Partners, L.P., Blum Strategic Partners II, L.P., Blum Strategic Partners II GmbH & Co. KG, FS Equity Partners III, L.P., FS Equity Partners International, L.P., Credit Suisse First Boston Corporation, DLJ Investment Funding, Inc., The Koll Holding Company, Frederic V. Malek, the management investors named therein and the other persons from time to time party thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 25 to Amendment No. 9 to Schedule 13D with respect to CB Richard Ellis Services, Inc. filed with the SEC on July 25, 2001) |
||
4.2(b) |
Amendment and Waiver to Securityholders' Agreement, dated as of April 14, 2004, by and among, CB Richard Ellis Group, Inc., CB Richard Ellis Services, Inc. and the other parties to the Securityholders' Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2(b) of the CB Richard Ellis Group, Inc. Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed with the SEC (No. 333-112867) on April 30, 2004) |
||
4.2(c) |
Second Amendment and Waiver to Securityholders' Agreement, dated as of November 24, 2004, by and among CB Richard Ellis Group, Inc., CB Richard Ellis Services, Inc. and certain of the other parties to the Securityholders' Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2(c) of the CB Richard Ellis Group, Inc. Amendment No. 1 to Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed with the SEC (No. 333-120445) on November 24, 2004) |
||
4.2(d) |
Third Amendment and Waiver to Securityholders' Agreement, dated as of August 1, 2005, by and among CB Richard Ellis Group, Inc., CB Richard Ellis Services, Inc. and the other parties thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of the CB Richard Ellis Group, Inc. Form 8-K filed with the SEC on August 2, 2005) |
||
10.1 |
Second Amended and Restated 2004 Stock Incentive Plan of CB Richard Ellis Group, Inc., dated June 2, 2008 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the CB Richard Ellis Group, Inc. Form 8-K filed with the SEC on June 6, 2008)** |
||
11 |
Statement concerning Computation of Per Share Earnings (filed as Note 12 of the Consolidated Financial Statements) |
||
31.1 |
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to §302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002* |
||
31.2 |
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to §302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002* |
||
32 |
Certifications by Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350, as adopted pursuant to §906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002* |
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Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
CB RICHARD ELLIS GROUP, INC. | ||
Date: August 8, 2008 |
/s/ KENNETH J. KAY Kenneth J. Kay Chief Financial Officer (principal financial officer) |
|
Date: August 8, 2008 |
/s/ GIL BOROK Gil Borok Chief Accounting Officer (principal accounting officer) |
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