U.S. SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
FORM 10-Q
 (Mark one)
 
[x]
Quarterly Report Under Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
 
For the Quarterly Period Ended September 30, 2010
or
 
[ ]
Transition Report Under Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
 
Commission File Number 000-50491

China Fire & Security Group, Inc.
(Name of small business issuer in its charter)
Florida
 
65-1193022
(State or other jurisdiction
 
(I.R.S. Employer
of incorporation or organization)
 
Identification No.)
     
B-2508 TYG Center, C2
   
Dongsanhuanbeilu,
   
Chaoyang District, Beijing 100027,
   
People’s Republic of China
 
100027
(Address of principal executive offices)
 
(Zip Code)
 
Issuer’s telephone number:  (86-10) 8441 7400.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes [ x ] No [  ] 
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes [  ]  No [  ] 
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
 
Large accelerated filer [  ] 
 
Accelerated filer [ x ] 
     
Non-accelerated filer [  ]  
   
(Do not check if smaller reporting company)    
 
Smaller reporting company [  ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act)     Yes [  ]  No [  ] 
  
As of November 8, 2010, the registrant had 27,595,541 shares of common stock outstanding. 
 
 
 

 
 

 

China Fire & Security Group, Inc.
 
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Item 1. Financial Statements
 
CHINA FIRE & SECURITY GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
AS OF SEPTEMBER 30, 2010 AND DECEMBER 31, 2009
 
   
September 30,
   
December 31,
 
   
2010
   
2009
 
   
(Unaudited)
       
ASSETS
           
             
CURRENT ASSETS:
           
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 29,648,947     $ 34,976,880  
Restricted cash
    2,408,849       1,837,134  
Notes receivable
    3,168,585       4,274,268  
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $7,670,678 and
               
$6,539,787 as of September 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively
    50,174,053       30,989,569  
Receivables from and prepayments to related parties
    2,252,082       551,792  
Other receivables
    756,246       368,679  
Refundable bidding and system contracting project deposits
    1,576,937       1,774,330  
Inventories
    5,549,687       5,360,520  
Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings
    47,140,074       36,562,573  
Employee advances
    1,466,720       953,625  
Prepayments and deferred expenses
    4,824,423       3,397,358  
Total current assets
    148,966,603       121,046,728  
                 
PLANT AND EQUIPMENT, net
    9,250,820       8,617,521  
                 
OTHER ASSETS:
               
Restricted cash - non current
    6,299,843       3,602,906  
Accounts receivable - retentions
    4,204,286       3,463,998  
Deferred expenses - non current
    118,418       116,045  
Investment in joint ventures
    490,320       477,837  
Intangible assets, net
    996,628       1,041,156  
Total other assets
    12,109,495       8,701,942  
                 
Total assets
  $ 170,326,918     $ 138,366,191  
                 
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
               
                 
CURRENT LIABILITIES:
               
Accounts payable
  $ 8,373,556     $ 6,903,961  
Accounts payable to related party
    -       272,994  
Customer deposits
    1,916,956       2,182,790  
Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings
    1,422,530       1,429,999  
Other payables
    489,757       333,121  
Accrued liabilities
    20,229,103       13,841,300  
Taxes payable
    10,441,748       9,002,470  
Total current liabilities
    42,873,650       33,966,635  
                 
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
               
                 
EQUITY:
               
Common stock, $0.001 par value, 65,000,000 shares authorized,
               
27,601,663 and 27,595,541 shares issued and outstanding as of
               
September 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively
    27,601       27,595  
Additional paid-in-capital
    23,708,154       20,601,138  
Statutory reserves
    7,147,795       7,147,795  
Retained earnings
    86,781,704       69,266,049  
Accumulated other comprehensive income
    9,770,476       7,324,237  
Total shareholders' equity
    127,435,730       104,366,814  
Noncontrolling interest
    17,538       32,742  
Total equity
    127,453,268       104,399,556  
                 
Total liabilities and equity
  $ 170,326,918     $ 138,366,191  
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 
1

 
CHINA FIRE & SECURITY GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME AND OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2010 AND 2009
(Unaudited)

   
Three Months Ended September 30,
Nine Months Ended September 30,
   
2010
 
2009
   
2010
 
2009
REVENUES
                 
  System contracting projects
$
19,874,490
$
                  18,710,099
 
$
53,663,486
$
                 50,004,213
  Products
 
4,092,838
 
                    5,351,659
   
12,179,859
 
                 12,267,472
  Maintenance services
 
850,260
 
                       754,671
   
2,751,400
 
                   1,988,823
      Total revenues
 
24,817,588
 
24,816,429
   
68,594,745
 
64,260,508
                   
COST OF REVENUES
                 
  System contracting projects
 
9,579,909
 
                    7,821,254
   
24,767,752
 
                 19,598,795
  Products
 
2,091,895
 
                    2,559,838
   
5,402,095
 
                   4,636,886
  Maintenance services
 
604,209
 
                       436,026
   
1,856,115
 
                   1,228,186
      Total cost of revenues
 
12,276,013
 
10,817,118
   
32,025,962
 
25,463,867
                   
GROSS PROFIT
 
                     12,541,575
 
                  13,999,311
   
              36,568,783
 
                 38,796,641
                   
OPERATING EXPENSES
                 
  Selling and marketing
 
2,533,778
 
                    2,470,092
   
6,739,138
 
6,610,283
  General and administrative
 
2,552,035
 
                    2,416,007
   
8,110,776
 
6,080,089
  Depreciation and amortization
 
218,029
 
                       197,042
   
620,190
 
573,892
  Research and development
 
465,199
 
                       390,029
   
1,261,796
 
1,224,046
      Total operating expenses
 
                       5,769,041
 
                    5,473,170
   
              16,731,900
 
                 14,488,310
                   
INCOME FROM OPERATIONS
 
                       6,772,534
 
                    8,526,141
   
              19,836,883
 
                 24,308,331
                   
OTHER INCOME (EXPENSES)
                 
   Other income, net
 
107,954
 
                       235,917
   
445,486
 
                       456,914
   Interest income, net
 
141,062
 
                          99,205
   
324,410
 
228,507
      Total other income, net
 
                           249,016
 
                       335,122
   
                   769,896
 
                       685,421
                   
INCOME BEFORE PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES AND
             
  NONCONTROLING INTEREST
 
                       7,021,550
 
                    8,861,263
   
              20,606,779
 
                 24,993,752
                   
PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES
 
1,111,428
 
                    1,329,732
   
3,165,561
 
3,480,396
                   
NET INCOME BEFORE NONCONTROLLING INTEREST
                       5,910,122
 
                    7,531,531
   
              17,441,218
 
                 21,513,356
                   
Less: Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest
(24,648)
 
                        (22,410)
   
(74,437)
 
                       (22,410)
                   
NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO CONTROLLING INTEREST
                       5,934,770
 
                    7,553,941
   
              17,515,655
 
                 21,535,766
                   
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
                 
   Foreign currency translation adjustment
 
1,978,892
 
                       121,290
   
                2,446,239
 
                         12,367
   Comprehensive (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interest
(573)
 
                                   -
   
(647)
 
                                  -
                   
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
$
                       7,913,089
$
                    7,675,231
 
$
              19,961,247
$
                 21,548,133
                   
BASIC EARNINGS PER SHARE
                 
   Weighted average number of shares
 
                     27,598,542
 
                  27,593,275
   
              27,596,541
 
                 27,589,489
   Earnings per share
$
                                  0.22
$
                              0.27
 
$
                          0.63
$
                              0.78
                   
DILUTED EARNINGS PER SHARE
                 
   Weighted average number of shares
 
                     29,423,482
 
                  28,372,332
   
              29,644,739
 
                 28,299,552
   Earnings per share
$
                                  0.20
$
                              0.27
 
$
                          0.59
$
                              0.76
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
 
2

 
CHINA FIRE & SECURITY GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
 
               
Retained Earnings
   
Accumulated other
             
   
Common Stock
   
Additional
   
Statutory
         
comprehensive
   
Noncontrolling
       
   
Shares
   
Par value
   
paid-in-capital
   
reserves
   
Unrestricted
   
income
   
interest
   
Totals
 
BALANCE, December 31, 2008
    27,586,593     $ 27,586     $ 19,357,409     $ 7,148,827     $ 44,850,181     $ 7,305,144     $ -     $ 78,689,147  
                                                                 
Capital received from non-controlling interest
                                              88,003       88,003  
Net income (loss)
                                    21,535,766               (22,410 )     21,513,356  
Warrants exercised
    6,682       7       (7 )                                     -  
Options issued to employees
                    735,146                                       735,146  
Foreign currency translation adjustment
                                            12,367               12,367  
                                                                 
BALANCE, September 30, 2009, (Unaudited)
    27,593,275       27,593       20,092,548       7,148,827       66,385,947       7,317,511       65,593       101,038,019  
                                                                 
Net income (loss)
                                    2,879,070               (32,834 )     2,846,236  
Options exercised
    2,266       2       (2 )                                     -  
Options issued to employees
                    245,050                                       245,050  
Stock based compensation for services
                    263,542                                       263,542  
Deconsolidation of statutory reserves held in Tianjin
                                                         
 Tianxiao Fire Safety Equipment Co., Ltd.
                            (1,032 )     1,032                       -  
Foreign currency translation adjustment
                                            6,726       (17 )     6,709  
                                                                 
BALANCE, December 31, 2009
    27,595,541       27,595       20,601,138       7,147,795       69,266,049       7,324,237       32,742       104,399,556  
                                                                 
Capital received from non-controlling interest
                                              59,880       59,880  
Options exercised
    6,122       6       (6 )                                     -  
Net income (loss)
                                    17,515,655               (74,437 )     17,441,218  
Options issued to employees
                    735,147                                       735,147  
Stock based compensation for services
                    2,371,875                                       2,371,875  
Foreign currency translation adjustment
                                            2,446,239       (647 )     2,445,592  
                                                                 
BALANCE, September 30, 2010, (Unaudited)
    27,601,663       27,601       23,708,154       7,147,795       86,781,704       9,770,476       17,538       127,453,268  
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
 
3

 
CHINA FIRE & SECURITY GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
FOR THE NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2010 AND 2009
 
   
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
   
2010
   
2009
 
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
           
Net income attributable to controlling interest
  $ 17,515,655     $ 21,535,766  
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest
    (74,437 )     (22,410 )
Consolidated net income
    17,441,218       21,513,356  
Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash
               
provided by operating activities:
               
Depreciation
    608,967       611,661  
Amortization
    56,498       56,461  
Provision for doubtful accounts
    979,834       1,724,705  
(Gain) loss on disposal of equipment
    (487 )     9,427  
Option issued to employees
    735,147       735,146  
Stock based compensation for services
    2,371,875       -  
Provision for estimated warranty claims
    278,384       74,866  
Change in operating assets and liabilities
               
Notes receivable
    1,172,370       (2,414,263 )
Accounts receivable
    (19,873,352 )     (10,825,671 )
Prepayments to related parties
    (1,544,613 )     (84,231 )
Other receivables
    (342,768 )     (277,941 )
Refundable bidding and system contracting project deposits
    197,393       -  
Inventories
    (81,301 )     212,023  
Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings
    (9,659,076 )     (17,939,056 )
Employee advances
    (485,021 )     (660,086 )
Prepayments and deferred expenses
    (1,334,790 )     (592,077 )
Accounts payable
    983,055       1,340,372  
Accounts payable related party
    272,994       -  
Customer deposits
    (302,520 )     (3,254,294 )
Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings
    (36,075 )     (2,974,893 )
Other payables
    147,230       (412,977 )
Accrued liabilities
    5,502,957       4,771,623  
Taxes payable
    1,234,762       6,596,492  
Net cash used in operating activities
    (1,677,319 )     (1,789,357 )
                 
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
               
Purchase of plant and equipment
    (1,072,029 )     (1,039,560 )
Proceeds from sale of equipment
    14,416       9,828  
Payments for long term investments
    (2,710 )     -  
Deconsolidation of cash held at Tianxiao Fire Equipment Co. Ltd.
    -       (241,311 )
Proceeds from restructuring on Tianxiao Fire Safety Equipment Co. Ltd.
    -       1,550,922  
Proceeds from sales of investment in King Galaxy Investments Limited
    -       1,000,000  
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities
    (1,060,323 )     1,279,879  
                 
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
               
Change in restricted cash
    (3,104,563 )     2,252,851  
Capital contributed by noncontrolling interest shareholder
    58,840       87,954  
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities
    (3,045,723 )     2,340,805  
                 
EFFECT OF EXCHANGE RATE CHANGES ON CASH
    455,432       (3,649 )
                 
INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH
    (5,327,933 )     1,827,678  
                 
CASH and CASH EQUIVALENTS, beginning of periods
    34,976,880       26,655,333  
                 
CASH and CASH EQUIVALENTS, end of periods
  $ 29,648,947     $ 28,483,011  
                 
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION
               
Income taxes paid
  $ 4,115,124     $ 759,948  
Interest paid
  $ -     $ -  
                 
NON-CASH TRANSACTIONS INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
               
Reclassification of advances on building and equipment purchase
               
to plant and equipment upon receipt of purchase
  $ -     $ 249,672  
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
 
 
4

 
CHINA FIRE & SECURITY GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2010
(Unaudited)


Note 1 - Background

Principal activities and reorganization

China Fire & Security Group Inc. (the “Company” or “CFSG”), is a Florida corporation. The Company, through its subsidiaries, is engaged in the design, development, manufacture and sale of fire protection products and services for industrial customers in People’s Republic of China (“China”) and India.

Recent developments

Investment of 5% interest in Sureland Fire & Security India Private Ltd (“Sureland India”)

Sureland India was incorporated in New Delhi, India with registered capital of $51,398 (INR2,500,000). Sureland India engages in project design, consulting and construction services for the fire protection industry in India. In January 2010, Sureland India received approval from the India government to accept foreign investment of 5% equity from China Fire Protection Group, Inc. China Fire Protection Group, Inc. has completed the payment of $2,710 (INR125,000) in January 2010. After the transaction, the Company became a minority interest holder of Sureland Indian and the investment was recorded under the cost accounting method. The Company made an advance payment to Sureland Fire & Security India Private Ltd. in amount of $284,620 as of September 30, 2010 for services.

Acquisition of 100% interest in Zeetech System Private Ltd (“Zeetech”)

Zeetech was incorporated in New Delhi, India with registered capital of $2,215 (INR101,000). On February 4, 2010, China Fire Protection Group, Inc. signed an agreement to acquire 100% ownership in Zeetech from the existing shareholders for the consideration price of $2,215 (INR101,000) approximately equal to fair value of the net assets as of January 12, 2010, which was approximately $1,938 (INR88,387). Thus, a loss of $277 was recognized in this transaction. After the closing of the acquisition, Zeetech is 100% owned by China Fire Protection Group, Inc. Zeetech does not currently have any operations.

Restructuring of Sureland Industrial
 
5

 
CHINA FIRE & SECURITY GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2010
(Unaudited)

 
During the first quarter of 2010, the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary, CFPG entered into an agreement with Zeetech, our subsidiary in which we own 100%, pursuant to which CFPG's entire interest (75%) in Sureland Industrial shall be transferred to Zeetech. On March 12, 2010, the restructuring transaction was approved by the Chinese Ministry of Commerce.  Subsequent to the transfer, the Company still holds 100% of the interest in Sureland Industrial through its subsidiaries.

 Formation of Shenyang Hongshida Electronics Co., Ltd (“Shenyang Hongshida”)

Shenyang Hongshida was incorporated in Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China with registered capital of $1,497,000 (RMB10,000,000). Pursuant to Shengyang Hongshida’s by-laws dated on June 1, 2009, the registered capital is required to be injected over the subsequent two years. Shenyang Hongshida is 80% owned by Beijing Hua An with 20% noncontrolling interest owned by an unrelated party. Shenyang Hongshida engages in the production and sales of fire equipment, electronic products, instrumentation, and computer parts and provides technical advisory services. Shenyang Hongshida will focus on the low- to middle-end segment of the fire products market. The company received capital contributions of $299,400 (RMB 2,000,000) in June 2010 of those, $58,880 (RMB 400,000) was received from the non-controlling interest investor. As of September 30, 2010, the registered capital received was $748,500 (RMB 5,000,000) and the Company is in pre-operating stage.

Note 2 - Summary of significant accounting policies

The reporting entity

The consolidated financial statements of China Fire & Security Group Inc. and Subsidiaries reflect the activities of the parent and the following subsidiaries:

Subsidiaries 
 
Incorporated in 
  
Ownership 
Percentage
  
China Fire Protection Group Inc. (“CFPG”)
 
British Virgin Islands
   
100
%
Zeetech System Private Limited (“Zeetech”)
 
India
   
100
%
Sureland Industrial Fire Safety Limited (“Sureland Industrial”)
 
People’s Republic of China
   
100
%
Sureland Industrial Fire Equipment Co. Ltd. (“Sureland Equipment”)
 
People’s Republic of China
   
100
%
Beijing Hua An Times Fire Safety Technology Co., Ltd. (“Beijing Hua An”)
 
People’s Republic of China
   
100
%
Beijing Shian Kexin Technology Co., Ltd
 
People’s Republic of China
   
100
%
Shenyang Hongshida Electronics Co., Ltd
 
People’s Republic of China
   
80
%
 
 
6

 
CHINA FIRE & SECURITY GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2010
(Unaudited)

Basis of presentation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. All material intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.
 
While management has included all normal recurring adjustments considered necessary to give a fair presentation of the operating results for the periods presented, interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year. The information included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and footnotes for the year ended December 31, 2009 included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K.
 
Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles of the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the combined financial statements and accompanying notes. Management believes that the estimates utilized in preparing its financial statements are reasonable and prudent. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

Certain of the Company’s accounting policies require higher degrees of judgment than others in their application. These include the recognition of revenue and earnings from system contracting projects under the percentage-of-completion method, determining the fair value of stock based compensation and the allowance of doubtful accounts and warranty expenses. Management evaluates all of its estimates and judgments on an on-going basis.

Revenue recognition

Revenue is recognized when it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company as follows:
 
7

 
CHINA FIRE & SECURITY GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2010
(Unaudited)

 
 
1.
Revenue from system contracting projects are recognized using the percentage-of-completion method of accounting, and therefore, take into account the costs, estimated earnings a revenue to date on contracts not yet completed. Revenue recognized is that percentage of the total contract price that cost expended to date bears to anticipated final total cost, based on current estimates of costs to complete. Contract costs include all direct material and labor costs and those indirect costs related to contract performance, such as indirect labor, supplies, tools, repairs, and depreciation costs. Adjustments to the original estimates of the total contract revenue, total control cost, or extent of progress toward completion are often required as work in progress. Such changes and refinements in estimation methodologies are reflected in reported results of operations; if material, the effects of changes in estimates are disclosed in the notes to the consolidated financial statements.
 
The key assumptions used in the estimate of costs to complete relate to the unit material cost, the quantity of materials to be used, the installation cost and those indirect costs related to contract performance. The estimate of unit material cost is reviewed and updated on a quarterly basis, based on the updated information available on the supply markets. The estimate of material quantity to be used for completion and the installation cost is also reviewed and updated on a quarterly basis, based on the updated information on the progress of projection execution. If the supply market conditions or the progress of projection execution were different, it is likely that materially different amounts of contract costs would be used in the percentage of completion method of accounting. Thus the uncertainty associated with those estimates may impact our consolidated financial statements.  Selling, general, and administrative costs are charged to expense as incurred. At the time a loss on a contract becomes known, the entire amount of the estimated ultimate loss is recognized in the consolidated financial statements. Claims for additional contract costs are recognized upon a signed change order from the customer.

 
2.
Revenue from product sales is recognized when the goods are delivered and title has passed. Product sales revenue is presented net of a value-added tax (“VAT”). All of the Company’s products that are sold in the People’s Republic of China (“PRC”) are subject to a Chinese value-added tax at a rate of 17% of the gross sales price. This VAT may be offset by VAT paid by the Company on raw materials and other materials included in the cost of producing the finished product.

 
3.
Revenue from the rendering of maintenance services is recognized over the service period on a straight-line basis.

In accordance with ASC 605-15, “Revenue Recognition when Right of Return Exists,” revenue is recorded net of an estimate of markdowns, price concessions and warranty costs. Such reserve is based on management’s evaluation of historical experience, current industry trends and estimated costs.
 
 
8

 
CHINA FIRE & SECURITY GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2010
(Unaudited)

 
Enterprise wide disclosure

Almost all of the Company’s products (fire detecting products, fire alarm control device, and water mist/sprinkler systems) are sold via system contracting projects or as part of the integrated product sales. The composition of these three types of products varies significantly from project to project, both in quantity and in dollar amounts. Although the Company could provide a breakdown of sales contribution for the Company’s own products for each project, it is almost impossible to provide revenues for each of the products when the revenue from each project is recognized based on a percentage of completion.  More importantly, the revenues from the Company’s own products do not accurately reflect the Company’s overall financial performance. The Company is a system contracting projects provider rather than a product vendor that sells their own products directly or through channels.  Therefore, it is not practical to separately disclose the revenues from external customers for each of the products.
 
The Company’s chief operating decision-makers (i.e. chief executive officer and his direct reports) review financial information presented on a consolidated basis, accompanied by disaggregated information about revenues by business lines for purposes of allocating resources and evaluating financial performance. There are no segment managers who are held accountable for operations, operating results and plans for levels or components below the consolidated unit level. Based on qualitative and quantitative criteria established by ASC 280-10, “Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information,” the Company considers itself to be operating within one reportable segment.
 
Shipping and handling

Costs related to shipping and handling are included in cost of revenue pursuant to ASC 605-45 “Accounting for Shipping and Handling Fees and Costs.”

Foreign currency translation

The reporting currency of the Company is the US dollar. The Company uses their local currency, Renminbi (RMB) and Indian Rupee (INR), as their functional currency. Results of operations and cash flow are translated at average exchange rates during the period, and assets and liabilities are translated at the unified exchange rate as quoted by the People’s Bank of China at the end of the period. Translation adjustments resulting from this process are included in accumulated other comprehensive income in the consolidated statements of changes in equity.  
 
 
9

 
CHINA FIRE & SECURITY GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2010
(Unaudited)

 
Asset and liability accounts at September 30, 2010 were translated at 6.68 RMB to $1.00 and 44.89 INR to $1.00 as compared to 6.82 RMB to $1.00 and 46.75 INR to $1.00 at December 31, 2009 respectively.  Equity accounts were stated at their historical rate.  The average translation rates of RMB applied to income statements accounts for the nine months ended September 30, 2010 and 2009 were 6.80 RMB and 6.82 RMB, respectively. The average translation rates of INR applied to income statements accounts for the nine months ended September 30, 2010 were 46.15 INR. Cash flows are also translated at average translation rates for the period, therefore, amounts reported on the statement of cash flows will not necessarily agree with changes in the corresponding balances on the balance sheets.

Transaction gains and losses that arise from exchange rate fluctuations on transactions denominated in a currency other than the functional currency are included in the results of operations as incurred.  Historically, the Company has not entered any currency trading or hedging transactions, although there is no assurance that the Company will not enter into such transactions in the future.

Concentration of risk

Cash includes cash on hand and demand deposits in accounts maintained with state owned banks within the People’s Republic of China, Hong Kong and India. The Company maintains balances at financial institutions which, from time to time, may exceed Hong Kong Deposit Protection Board insured limits for the banks located in Hong Kong. Balances at financial institutions or state owned banks within the PRC are not covered by insurance.  The balances maintained in India are deposited in the branch of DBS Bank (Singapore) Limited, which are fully insured by the Government of Singapore until December 31, 2010. As of September 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, the Company had deposits (including restricted cash balances) totaling to $38,348,601 and $33,603,047, respectively, that are not covered by insurance. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts and believes it is not exposed to any risks on its cash in bank accounts.

The Company's operations are mainly carried out in the PRC, while the revenue recognized from operations in India is immaterial to the Company’s financial statement. Accordingly, the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations may be influenced by the political, economic and legal environments in the PRC, and by the general state of the PRC's economy. The Company's operations in the PRC are subject to specific considerations and significant risks not typically associated with companies in the North America and Western Europe. These include risks associated with, among others, the political, economic and legal environments and foreign currency exchange. The Company's results may be adversely affected by changes in governmental policies with respect to laws and regulations, anti-inflationary measures, currency conversion and remittance abroad, and rates and methods of taxation, among other things.
 
 
10

 
CHINA FIRE & SECURITY GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2010
(Unaudited)

 
The Company has one major customer who represented approximately 40% and 44% of the Company’s sales for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010, respectively. Accounts receivable from this customer were $15,979,128 as of September 30, 2010. The Company has two major customers who represent approximately 23% of the Company’s sales for the three months ended September 30, 2009 and the Company has one major customer who represents approximately 11% of the Company’s sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2009. Accounts receivable from these customers were $0 as of September 30, 2009.

Cash and cash equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents.  Cash and cash equivalents also include unrestricted time deposits.

Restricted cash

Restricted cash represents cash required to be deposited in a separate bank account subject to withdrawal restrictions by its system contracting projects and product sales customers to guarantee its contracts will be performed. The deposit cannot be drawn or transferred by the Company until the restriction period has expired.

Restricted cash consists of the following:

  
 
September 30, 2010
(Unaudited)
   
December 31,
2009
  
Restricted cash
           
Products sales
 
$
4,779,986
   
$
3,728,599
 
System contracting projects
   
3,928,706
     
1,711,441
 
Total restricted cash
   
8,708,692
     
5,440,040
 
Restricted cash - non current
   
(6,299,843)
     
(3,602,906
)
Restricted cash - current
 
$
2,408,849
   
$
1,837,134
 

 
11

 
CHINA FIRE & SECURITY GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2010
(Unaudited)

Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market, using the weighted average method.

Inventories consist of the following as of:
  
  
  
September 30, 
2010
(Unaudited)
   
December 31,
2009
  
Raw materials
 
$
207,574
   
$
144,829
 
Finished goods
   
4,609,949
     
4,574,075
 
Work in progress
   
732,164
     
641,616
 
Total
 
$
5,549,687
   
$
5,360,520
 
 
Raw materials consist primarily of materials used in production. Finished goods consist primarily of equipment used in product sales and system contracting projects. The costs of finished goods include direct costs of raw materials as well as direct labor used in production. Indirect production costs such as utilities and indirect labor related to production such as assembling, shipping and handling costs are also included in the cost of inventory.  The Company reviews its inventories periodically to determine if any reserves are necessary for potential obsolescence. As of September 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, the Company determined no reserves were necessary.

 Accounts receivable

Accounts receivable represents amounts due from customers for products sales, maintenance services and system contracting projects. Overdue balances are reviewed regularly by senior management.

We establish an allowance for doubtful accounts based on management’s assessment of the collectability of our account receivables. A considerable amount of judgment is required in assessing the amount of the allowance. We consider the historical level of credit losses, apply percentages to aged receivable categories, make judgments about the creditworthiness of each customer based on ongoing credit evaluations, and monitor current economic trends that might impact the level of credit losses in the future. If the financial condition of the customers were to deteriorate, resulting in their inability to make payments, a larger allowance may be required.
 
 
12

 
CHINA FIRE & SECURITY GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2010
(Unaudited)

Additional specific provision is made against account receivables to the extent which they are considered to be doubtful. Bad debts are written off against allowance for doubtful accounts when identified. We do not accrue any interest on accounts receivable. Historically, losses from uncollectible accounts have not deviated from the general allowance estimated by the management and no bad debts have been written off against allowance for doubtful accounts directly to the profit and loss. This general provisioning policy has not changed in the past since establishment and the management considers that the aforementioned general provisioning policy is adequate and does not expect to change this established policy in the near future. Any changes on the estimates on our general provision policy could have a material effect on our results of operations.

Accounts receivable consist of the following:
  
  
September 30, 2010
(Unaudited)
   
December 31,
2009
  
Accounts receivable:
           
System contracting projects
 
$
41,182,386
   
$
23,814,248
 
Maintenance services
   
3,753,307
     
3,190,843
 
Products sales
   
17,113,324
     
13,988,263
 
Total accounts receivable
   
62,049,017
     
40,993,354
 
Allowance for bad debts
   
(7,670,678
)
   
(6,539,787
)
Accounts receivable, net
   
54,378,339
     
34,453,567
 
Accounts receivable - non-current retentions
   
(4,204,286
)
   
(3,463,998
)
Accounts receivable - current
 
$
50,174,053
   
$
30,989,569
 

The activity in the allowance for doubtful accounts for trade accounts receivable for the nine months ended September 30, 2010 and for the year ended December 31, 2009 is as follows:

  
  
September
30, 2010
(Unaudited)
   
December 31,
2009
  
Beginning allowance for doubtful accounts
 
$
6,539,787
   
$
4,370,362
 
Additional charged to bad debt expense
   
979,834
     
2,172,588
 
Write-off charged against the allowance
   
-
     
-
 
Foreign currency translation adjustment
   
151,057
     
(3,163
)
Ending allowance for doubtful accounts
 
$
7,670,678
   
$
6,539,787
 

 
13

 
CHINA FIRE & SECURITY GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2010
(Unaudited)

Retentions held by customers of system contracting projects included in the Company’s accounts receivable are as follows:
  
  
September 30, 2010
(Unaudited)
   
December 31,
2009
  
Retentions
           
Current
 
$
3,165,888
   
$
 2,967,248
 
Non-current
   
4,204,286
     
3,463,998
 
Total retentions
 
$
7,370,174
   
$
6,431,246
 

These balances represent portions of billings made by the Company but held for payment by the customer, pending satisfactory completion of the project. Retention payments are generally collected within one year of the completion of the project.

The Company believes that there was some portion of accounts receivable would be collected in more than one year, based on our historical collection pattern. Currently, we are actively evaluating all the possible estimation methods in order to best estimate the amount to be collected in more than one year.  We expect to disclose the estimated amount to be collected in more than one year with our estimation method in the Company’s December 31, 2010 financial statements.

Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings

The current asset “Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings” on contracts, represents revenues recognized in excess of amounts billed.

Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings consist of the following:
  
 
September 30,
2010
(Unaudited)
   
December 31,
2009
 
 
Contract costs incurred plus recognized profits less recognized losses to date
 
$
139,286,398
   
$
116,754,059
 
Less: progress billings
   
(92,146,324
)
   
(80,191,486
)
Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings
 
$
47,140,074
   
$
36,562,573
 

 
14

 
CHINA FIRE & SECURITY GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2010
(Unaudited)

 
The Company believes that there was some portion of costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings would be collected in more than one year, based on our historical billing and collection pattern. Currently, we are actively evaluating all the possible estimation methods in order to best estimate the amount to be collected in more than one year.  We expect to disclose the estimated amount to be collected in more than one year with our estimation method in the Company’s December 31, 2010 financial statements.

Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings

The current liability “Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings” on contracts, represents billings in excess of revenues recognized.

Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings consists of the following:

  
 
September 30,
2010
(Unaudited)
   
December 31,
2009
  
Progress billings
 
$
13,689,193
   
$
14,679,369
 
Less: contracts costs incurred plus recognized profits less recognized losses to date
   
(15,111,723
)
   
(16,109,368
)
Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings
 
$
1,422,530
   
$
1,429,999
 

Plant and equipment

Plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets with a 5% residual value.  Depreciation expense amounted to $214,616, and $201,140 for the three months ended September 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively.  Depreciation expense amounted to $608,967 and $611,661 for the nine months ended September 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively.

 Estimated useful lives of the assets are as follows:
 
  
 
Useful
Life
Buildings and improvements
 
40 years
Transportation equipment
 
5 years
Machinery
 
10 years
Office equipment
 
5 years
Furniture
 
5 years
 
Construction in progress represents the costs incurred in connection with the construction of buildings or additions to the Company’s plant facilities. No depreciation is provided for construction in progress until such time as the assets are completed and placed into service. Interest incurred during construction is capitalized into construction in progress. All other interest is expensed as incurred.

The cost and related accumulated depreciation of assets sold or otherwise retired are eliminated from the accounts and any gain or loss is included in the consolidated statements of income. Maintenance, repairs and minor renewals are charged directly to expense as incurred. Major additions and betterments to buildings and equipment are capitalized.

Plant and equipment consists of the following:
  
  
September 30,
2010
(Unaudited)
   
December 31,
2009
  
Buildings and improvements
 
$
6,548,411
   
$
6,439,015
 
Transportation equipment
   
3,645,4576
     
3,307,236
 
Machinery
   
943,287
     
900,781
 
Office equipment
   
1,559,615
     
1,348,261
 
Furniture
   
145,695
     
165,736
 
Total depreciable assets
   
12,842,465
     
12,161,029
 
Less accumulated depreciation
   
(4,307,265
   
(3,875,487
)
Construction in progress
   
715,620
     
331,979
 
Plant and equipment, net
 
$
9,250,820
   
$
8,617,521
 
 
 
15

 
CHINA FIRE & SECURITY GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2010
(Unaudited)

Intangible assets

Land use rights - All land in the People’s Republic of China is owned by the government. However, the government grants the user “land use rights”. The Company acquired land use rights in 2001 and the

land use rights expire in 2051. The costs of these rights are being amortized over fifty years using the straight-line method.

Technology rights - In May 2007, the Company acquired the rights to manufacture two fire protection products and the costs of these rights are being amortized over ten years using the straight-line method.

Intangible assets consist of the following:
 
  
  
September 30, 2010
(Unaudited)
   
December 31,
2009
  
Land use rights
 
$
770,789
   
$
770,789
 
Technology rights
   
608,745
     
608,745
 
Accumulated amortization
   
(382,906
)
   
(338,378
)
Balance
 
$
996,628
   
$
1,041,156
 

Amortization expense amounted to $18,852 and $ 18,820 for the three months ended September 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively. Amortization expense amounted to $56,498 and $56,461 for the nine months ended September 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively.

Impairment of long-lived assets

The Company assesses the impairment of long-lived assets, which include identifiable intangible assets, and property and equipment (“P&E”), at least annually or more often whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable for all long-lived assets. Changes in the underlying business could adversely affect the fair value of the enterprise and intangible asset and P&E asset groups. Important factors which could require an impairment review include: (i) underperformance relative to expected historical or projected future operating results; (ii) changes in the manner of use of the assets or the strategy for our overall business; (iii) negative industry or economic trends; (iv) our enterprise fair value relative to net book value.

Our impairment evaluation of identifiable intangible assets and P&E includes an analysis of estimated future undiscounted net cash flows expected to be generated by the assets over their remaining estimated useful lives. If the estimated future undiscounted net cash flows are insufficient to recover the carrying value of the assets over the remaining
 
 
16

 
CHINA FIRE & SECURITY GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2010
(Unaudited)

estimated useful lives, the Company record an impairment loss in the amount by which the carrying value of the assets exceeds the fair value. The Company determine fair value based on either market quotes, if available, or discounted cash flows using a discount rate commensurate with the risk inherent in our current business model for the specific asset being valued. Major factors that influence our cash flow analysis are our estimates for future revenue and expenses associated with the use of the asset. Different estimates could have a significant impact on the results of our evaluation. If, as a result of our analysis, the Company determines that ours amortizable intangible assets or other long-lived assets have been impaired, the Company will recognize an impairment loss in the period in which the impairment is determined. Any such impairment charge could be significant and could have a material negative effect on our results of operations.  As of September 30, 2010, the Company expects these assets to be fully recoverable.

Backlog

System Contracting Projects

The following schedule shows a reconciliation of backlog representing the amount of revenue the company expected to realize from work to be performed on uncompleted contracts in progress at September 30, 2010 and from contractual agreements on which work has not yet begun.

Contract revenue on uncompleted contracts at December 31, 2009
  $ 20,706,885  
Contract adjustments (changes order)
    2,417,155  
Contract revenues for new contracts for the nine months ended September 30, 2010
    115,983,848  
Bids awarded and pending for execution of contracts for the nine months ended September 30, 2010
    9,722,207  
Less: Contract revenue earned for the nine months ended September 30, 2010
    (53,663,486 )
Effect of exchange rate changes
    914,862  
Backlog at September 30, 2010 (unaudited)
  $ 96,081,471  

In addition, between October 1, 2010, and November 9, 2010, the Company entered into additional system contracting contracts with revenues of $2,346,843.

Products

As of September 30, 2010, the backlog of unshipped and uninspected orders was approximately $44,429,938. Including $1,644,689 bids awarded and pending for execution of contracts for the nine months ended September 30, 2010. It is expected that the majority of these orders will be shipped and inspected within the next twelve months.

 
17

 
CHINA FIRE & SECURITY GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2010
(Unaudited)

Maintenance Service

As of September 30, 2010 the unperformed service agreements amounted to $1,162,974.

Research and development

Research and development expenses include salaries, consultant fees, supplies and materials, as well as costs related to other overhead such as depreciation, facilities, utilities and other departmental expenses. The costs that the Company incurs with respect to internally developed technology and engineering services are included in research and development expenses as incurred as they do not directly relate to any particular licensee, license agreement or licenses fee.

 Warranty

Generally, the Company’s products are not covered by specific warranty terms. However, it is the Company’s policy to replace parts if they become defective within one year after deployment at no additional charge to the customer.  The Company maintains a provision for potential warranty costs on these products for one year.  This provision represents management’s assessment of the Company’s history of warranty costs while incorporating estimates by the quality review staff of the potential product failure rates.  The Company records a warranty obligation in selling expense at the time revenue is recognized.   For the three months ended September 30, 2010 and 2009, the Company recorded $278,384 and $11,884, respectively, as a provision for estimated warranty claims. For the nine months ended September 30, 2010 and 2009, the Company recorded $278,384, and $74,866, respectively, as a provision for estimated warranty claims.

Fair value of financial instruments

ASC 825-10-50, "Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments," defines financial instruments and requires fair value disclosures for those instruments. ASC 820-10, "Fair Value Measurements," adopted January 1, 2008, defines fair value, establishes a three-level valuation hierarchy for disclosures of fair value measurement and enhances disclosure requirements for fair value measures. The carrying amounts reported in the balance sheets for receivables and payables qualify as financial instruments and are a reasonable estimate of fair value because of the short period of time between the origination of such instruments and their expected realization and their current market rate of interest. The three levels are defined as follow:
 
 
18

 
CHINA FIRE & SECURITY GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2010
(Unaudited)

 
·
Level 1 inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.

 
·
Level 2 inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the assets or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instruments.

 
·
Level 3 inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value.

Investments in joint ventures are also a financial instrument.  The Company invested $170,658 (RMB 1,140,000) in Hubei Shou An Changjiang Fire Protection Co., Ltd for 19% equity interest, invested $316,952 in Tianxiao Fire Safety Equipment Co., Ltd. for 16.7% ownership and $2,710 in Sureland India for 5% equity interest. Total investment as of September 30, 2010 amounted to $490,320; there is no quoted or observable market price for the fair value of similar long term investments in joint ventures.  The Company then used the level 3 inputs for its valuation methodology. The determination of the fair value was based on the cost of the capital contributed to the joint ventures.

During September 2009, the Company sold its 5% interest in King Galaxy Investment Limited at cost to Mr. Wei Jing, who is the controlling shareholder of King Galaxy Investment Limited for cash consideration of $1.0 million. The proceeds of $1.0 million have been fully received by the Company as of December 31, 2009. King Galaxy through its wholly owned subsidiary, China Alliance Security Holdings Company Limited, owns 100% of Wan Sent (China) Technology Co., Ltd.

The Company did not identify any assets and liabilities that are required to be presented on the balance sheet at fair value in accordance with ASC 820-10.

 Income taxes

The Company reports income taxes pursuant to ASC 740, “Accounting for Income Taxes” ASC 740-10, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes” (formerly “FIN 48”). ASC 740 requires the recognition of deferred income tax liabilities and assets for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between income tax basis and financial reporting basis of assets and liabilities. Provision for income taxes consist of taxes currently due plus deferred taxes. Deferred tax assets amounted to $90,058 and $84,126 as of September 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively, and are classified as prepayment and deferred expenses in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
 
19

 
CHINA FIRE & SECURITY GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2010
(Unaudited)

 
Under ASC 740-10, a tax position is recognized as a benefit only if it is “more likely than not” that the tax position would be sustained in a tax examination, with a tax examination being presumed to occur. The amount recognized is the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized on examination. For tax positions not meeting the “more likely than not” test, no tax benefit is recorded. ASC 740-10 also provides guidance on de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosures, and transition. Penalties and interest incurred related to underpayment of income tax are classified as income tax expense in the year incurred.  No significant penalties or interest relating to income taxes have been incurred during the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009.

The Company’s operations are subject to income and transaction taxes in the United States, the PRC and the India jurisdictions. Significant estimates and judgments are required in determining the Company’s worldwide provision for income taxes. Some of these estimates are based on interpretations of existing tax laws or regulations. The ultimate amount of tax liability may be uncertain as a result.

The Company does not anticipate any events which could cause change to these uncertainties.

The charge for taxation is based on the results for the year as adjusted for items, which are non-assessable or disallowed. It is calculated using tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date.

Deferred tax is accounted for using the balance sheet liability method in respect of temporary differences arising from differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities in the financial statements and the corresponding tax basis used in the computation of assessable tax profit.

 In principal, deferred tax liabilities are recognized for all taxable temporary differences, and deferred tax assets are recognized to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which deductible temporary differences can be utilized. Deferred tax is calculated using tax rates that are expected to apply to the period when the asset is realized or the liability is settled. Deferred tax is charged or credited in the income statement, except when it is related to items credited or charged directly to equity, in which case the deferred tax is also dealt with in equity. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when they relate to income taxes levied by the same taxation authority and the Company intends to settle its current tax assets and liabilities on a net basis.

 
20

 
CHINA FIRE & SECURITY GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2010
(Unaudited)

 
Value Added Tax

Enterprises or individuals who sell products, engage in repair and maintenance or import and export goods in the PRC are subject to a value added tax in accordance with Chinese laws. The value added tax standard rate is 17% of the gross sales price. A credit is available whereby VAT paid on the purchases of semi-finished products or raw materials used in the contract and production of the Company’s finished products can be used to offset the VAT due on sales of the finished product.  All of our PRC subsidiaries’ VAT is subject to 17% rate except Beijing Hua An.  To support the development of the software industry, the Chinese government has instituted policies to rebate VAT charged for software certified by the government up to 14%. As a result, Beijing Hua An, is paying its VAT at an effective rate of 3% for their intercompany software sales.

VAT on sales and VAT on purchases amounted to $2,102,432 and $1,476,588 for the three months ended September 30, 2010, respectively. VAT on sales and VAT on purchases amounted to $1,658,245 and $1,241,110 for the three months ended September 30, 2009. VAT on sales and VAT on purchases amounted to $5,259,801 and $3,598,169 for the nine months ended September 30, 2010, respectively. VAT on sales and VAT on purchases amounted to $4,685,083 and $3,436,154 for the nine months ended September 30, 2009. Sales and purchases are recorded net of VAT collected and paid as the Company acts as an agent for the government. VAT taxes are not impacted by the income tax holiday.

Stock-based compensation

The Company adopted ASC 718, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation,” which defines a fair-value-based method of accounting for stock-based employee compensation and transactions in which an entity issues its equity instruments to acquire goods and services from non-employees. Stock compensation granted to non-employees has been determined in accordance with ASC 718 and the ASC 505-50, "Accounting for Equity Instruments that are issued to Other than Employees for Acquiring, or in Conjunction with Selling Goods or Services," as the fair value of the consideration received or the fair value of equity instruments issued, whichever is more reliably measured.

ASC 718 requires that all share-based compensation be recognized as an expense in the consolidated financial statements and that such cost be measured at the fair value of the award and requires compensation cost to reflect estimated forfeitures. The determination of the fair value of share-based compensation awards on the date of grant using an option-pricing model is affected by our stock price as well as assumptions regarding a number of complex and subjective variables, including our expected stock price volatility over the term of the awards, actual and projected share option exercise behaviors, risk-free interest rate and expected dividends. The volatility of the Company’s common stock was estimated by management based on the historical volatility of our common stock, the risk free interest rate was based on Treasury Constant Maturity Rates published by the U.S. Federal Reserve for periods
 
 
21

 
CHINA FIRE & SECURITY GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2010
(Unaudited)

applicable to the expected life of the share option, the expected dividend yield was based on the Company’s current and expected dividend policy, and the projected share option exercise behaviors is based on one-half of the sum of the vesting period and the contractual life of each share option. This is the same as assuming that the options are exercised at the mid-point between the vesting date and expiration date.

 Recently issued accounting pronouncements

In January 2010, FASB issued ASU No. 2010-01- "Accounting for Distributions to Shareholders with Components of Stock and Cash." The amendments in this Update clarify that the stock portion of a distribution to shareholders that allows them to elect to receive cash or stock with a potential limitation on the total amount of cash that all shareholders can elect to receive in the aggregate is considered a share issuance that is reflected in EPS prospectively and is not a stock dividend for purposes of applying Topics 505 and 260 (Equity and Earnings Per Share). The amendments in this update are effective for interim and annual periods ending on or after December 15, 2009, and should be applied on a retrospective basis. Adoption of this ASU did not have material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In January 2010, FASB issued ASU No. 2010-02 – "Accounting and Reporting for Decreases in Ownership of a Subsidiary – a Scope Clarification." The amendments in this Update affect accounting and reporting by an entity that experiences a decrease in ownership in a subsidiary that is a business or nonprofit activity. The amendments also affect accounting and reporting by an entity that exchanges a group of assets that constitutes a business or nonprofit activity for an equity interest in another entity.  The amendments in this update are effective beginning in the period that an entity adopts SFAS No. 160, “Non-controlling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements – An Amendment of ARB No. 51.” If an entity has previously adopted SFAS No. 160 as of the date the amendments in this update are included in the Accounting Standards Codification, the amendments in this update are effective beginning in the first interim or annual reporting period ending on or after December 15, 2009. The amendments in this update should be applied retrospectively to the first period that an entity adopted SFAS No. 160. Adoption of this ASU did not have material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In January 2010, FASB issued ASU No. 2010-06 – "Improving Disclosures about Fair Value Measurements." This update provides amendments to Subtopic 820-10 that requires new disclosure as follows: 1) Transfers in and out of Levels 1 and 2.  A reporting entity should disclose separately the amounts of significant transfers in and out of Level 1 and Level 2 fair value measurements and describe the reasons for the transfers.  2)  Activity in Level 3 fair value measurements.  In the reconciliation for fair value measurements using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3), a reporting entity should present separately information about purchases, sales, issuances, and settlements (that is, on a gross
 
22

 
CHINA FIRE & SECURITY GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2010
(Unaudited)

basis rather than as one net number). This update provides amendments to Subtopic 820-10 that clarifies existing disclosures as follows: 1) Level of disaggregation. A reporting entity should provide fair value measurement disclosures for each class of assets and liabilities. A class is often a subset of assets or liabilities within a line item in the statement of financial position. A reporting entity needs to use judgment in determining the appropriate classes of assets and liabilities. 2) Disclosures about inputs and valuation techniques. A reporting entity should provide disclosures about the valuation techniques and inputs used to measure fair value for both recurring and nonrecurring fair value measurements. Those disclosures are required for fair value measurements that fall in either Level 2 or Level 3. The new disclosures and clarifications of existing disclosures are effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2009, except for the disclosures about purchases, sales, issuances, and settlements in the roll forward of activity in Level 3 fair value measurements. These disclosures are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2010, and for interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this ASU; however, the Company does not expect the adoption of this ASU to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

 In February 2010, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2010-09, “Subsequent Events (Topic 855): Amendments to Certain Recognition and Disclosure Requirements,” or ASU 2010-09. ASU 2010-09 primarily rescinds the requirement that, for listed companies, financial statements clearly disclose the date through which subsequent events have been evaluated. Subsequent events must still be evaluated through the date of financial statement issuance; however, the disclosure requirement has been removed to avoid conflicts with other SEC guidelines. ASU 2010-09 was effective immediately upon issuance and was adopted in February 2010.

In April 2010, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2010-13, “Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Effect of Denominating the Exercise Price of a Share-Based Payment Award in the Currency of the Market in Which the Underlying Equity Security Trades,” or ASU 2010-13. This Update provides amendments to Topic 718 to clarify that an employee share-based payment award with an exercise price denominated in currency of a market in which a substantial porting of the entity’s equity securities trades should not be considered to contain a condition that is not a market, performance, or service condition. Therefore, an entity would not classify such an award as a liability if it otherwise qualifies as equity. The amendments in this Update are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning on or after December 15, 2010. The Company does not expect the adoption of ASU 2010-13 to have a significant impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In April 2010, the FASB issued Accounting Standard Update 2010-17, “Revenue Recognition—Milestone Method (Topic 605): Milestone Method of Revenue Recognition” or ASU 2010-17. This Update provides guidance on the recognition of revenue under the milestone method, which allows a vendor to adopt an accounting policy to recognize all of the arrangement consideration that is contingent on the achievement of a substantive milestone (milestone consideration) in the period
 
 
23

 
CHINA FIRE & SECURITY GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2010
(Unaudited)

the milestone is achieved. The pronouncement is effective on a prospective basis for milestones achieved in fiscal years and interim periods within those years, beginning on or after June 15, 2010. Adoption of this ASU did not have material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In July 2010, FASB issued Accounting Standard Update 2010-20, “Receivables (Topic 310): Disclosures about the Credit Quality of Financing Receivables and the Allowance for Credit Losses” or ASU 2010-20. This Update provides enhanced disclosures which are designed to assist financial statement users in assessing an entity’s credit risk exposure and in evaluating the adequacy of an entity’s allowance for credit losses. Public entities must apply the disclosure requirements applicable to period-end balances beginning with the first interim or annual reporting period ending on or after December 15, 2010. The Company does not expect the adoption of this ASU to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In September 2010, FASB issued Accounting Standard Update 2010-25, “Plan Accounting—Defined Contribution Pension Plans (Topic 962): Reporting Loans to Participants by Defined Contribution Pension Plans” or ASU 2010-25. The ASU clarifies how loans to participants should be classified and measured by defined contribution plans and how IFRS compare to these provisions. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years ending after December 15 2010. The Company does not expect the adoption of this ASU to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

Reclassifications

Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. These reclassifications have no effect on net income or cash flows.

Note 3 - Earnings per share

The Company reports earnings per share in accordance with the provisions of ASC 260-10, “Earnings per Share.” ASC260-10 requires presentation of basic and diluted earnings per share in conjunction with the disclosure of the methodology used in computing such earnings per share.  Basic earnings per share are computed by dividing income available to common stockholders by the weighted average common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share takes into account the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised and converted into common stock.

 
24

 
CHINA FIRE & SECURITY GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2010
(Unaudited)

The following is a reconciliation of the basic and diluted earnings per share computation for the three months ended September 30:
 
   
2010
(Unaudited)
   
2009
(Unaudited)
 
Net income for earnings per share
 
$
5,934,770
   
$
7,553,941
 
                 
Weighted average shares used in basic computation
   
27,598,542
     
27,593,275
 
Diluted effect of stock options, restricted stock and warrants
   
1,824,940
     
779,057
 
Weighted average shares used in diluted computation
   
29,423,482
     
28,372,332
 
                 
Earnings per share:
               
Basic
 
$
0.22
   
$
0.27
 
Diluted
 
$
0.20
   
$
0.27
 

The following is a reconciliation of the basic and diluted earnings per share computation for the nine months ended September 30:

   
2010
(Unaudited)
   
2009
(Unaudited)
 
Net income for earnings per share
 
$
17,515,655
   
$
21,535,766
 
                 
Weighted average shares used in basic computation
   
27,596,541
     
27,589,489
 
Diluted effect of stock options, restricted stock and warrants
   
2,048,198
     
710,063
 
Weighted average shares used in diluted computation
   
29,644,739
     
28,299,552
 
                 
Earnings per share:
               
Basic
 
$
0.63
   
$
0.78
 
Diluted
 
$
0.59
   
$
0.76
 

 
25

 
CHINA FIRE & SECURITY GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2010
(Unaudited)

As of September 30, 2010 and 2009, all outstanding stock options and restricted stocks were included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share.

Note 4 - Related party transactions

The Company has receivables from Hubei Shou An Changjiang Fire Protection Co., Ltd. (“Hubei Shou An”), in which the Company has a 19% ownership interest. The accounts receivable due from Hubei Shou An was $158,612 and $155,433 as of September 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively, which resulted from product sales prior to December 31, 2009. This amount is expected to be repaid by December 31, 2010 in cash.

In addition, the Company has other receivable from Hubei Shou An in the amounts of $408,469 and $396,359 as of September 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively.  This balance was for operating capital in Hubei Shou An and is expected to be repaid by December 31, 2010 in cash.

The Company has prepayments to Tianjin Tianxiao Fire Safety Equipment Co., Ltd., in which the Company has 16.7% ownership interest. The prepayment to Tianjin Tianxiao Fire Safety Equipment Co., Ltd. was $1,400,380 as of September 30, 2010 and accounts payable were $272,994 as of December 31, 2009, resulting from product purchases of $3,422,764 for the nine months ended September 30, 2010, after the restructuring of 83.3% ownership interest in Tianxiao Equipment.

Advance payments to Sureland India, in which the Company has 5.0% ownership interest, were $284,620 and $103,174 as of September 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively.  This balance was for the advance payment to Sureland India for the delivery of future services.

Note 5 - Notes receivable

Notes receivable represents trade accounts receivable due from various customers where the customers’ bank has guaranteed the payment of the receivable. This amount is non-interest bearing and is normally paid within three to nine months. The Company has the ability to submit their request for payment to the customer’s bank earlier than the scheduled payment date. However, the Company will incur an interest charge and a processing fee when they submit the payment request early. The Company‘s notes receivable totaled $3,168,585 and $4,274,268 as of September 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively.
 
26

 
CHINA FIRE & SECURITY GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2010
(Unaudited)

 Note 6 - Prepayments and deferred expenses

Prepayments and deferred expenses are monies deposited with or advanced to subcontractors to perform services on system contracting projects. Some subcontractors require a certain amount of money to be deposited as a guarantee payment in order for them to start performing the services.  Prepayments and deferred expenses also include monies deposited or advanced to vendors on future inventory purchases to ensure timely delivery. The total outstanding amount was $4,824,423 and $3,397,358 as of September 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively.

Note 7 - Investment in joint ventures

During the second quarter of 2007, the Company invested $170,658 (RMB1,140,000) for a 19% interest in Hubei Shou An Changjiang Fire Protection Co., Ltd., located in China Hubei, PRC.  The investment is recorded under the cost accounting method.

As of December 31, 2009, the Company held an investment of $316,952 (RMB2,117,246) for a 16.7% interest in Tianjin Tianxiao Fire Safety Equipment Co., Ltd. as a non-controlling interest holder. The investment is recorded under the cost accounting method at fair value at the deconsolidation date.

In January 2010, the company invested $2,710 (INR125,000) for a 5% interest in Sureland India as a non-controlling interest holder. The investment is recorded under the cost accounting method.

Note 8 - Customer deposits

Customer deposits represent amounts advanced by customers on products orders and maintenance services deposits and system contracting projects deposits. The product or service normally is shipped or performed within nine months after receipt of the advance payment and the related sale is recognized in accordance with the Company’s revenue recognition policy.  Customer deposits also represent amounts advanced by customers on system contracting projects deposits. The advance payment will apply to the invoices when the Company bills the customer based on the progression of the projects. As of September 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, customer deposits amounted to $1,916,956, and $2,182,790, respectively.

 
27

 
CHINA FIRE & SECURITY GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2010
(Unaudited)

Note 9 - Accrued liabilities 

Accrued liabilities represent subcontractors’ expenses incurred as of the balance sheet date for system contracting projects. Accrued liabilities also represent an accrued estimation of warranty expenses.  As of September 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, accrued liabilities amounted to $20,229,103 and $13,841,300, respectively.

 Note 10 - Income taxes

Local PRC Income Tax

Starting from January 1, 2008, all of the Company’s Chinese subsidiaries are subject to a 25% income tax rate according to the newly issued Income Tax Laws of the PRC. According to the PRC’s central government policy, certain new technologies and/or high technology companies will enjoy preferential tax rate of 15%, instead of 25%. Beijing Hua An qualifies for the preferential tax treatment. Sureland Industrial, Sureland Equipment and Beijing Hua An will receive a 50% income tax reduction for three years beginning in January 2009 due to the fact that they are located in a specially designated region.

India Project Office Income Tax

The Company’s operation in India is managed on a project basis and projects are conducted under the name of CFPG or Sureland Industrial as a foreign enterprise. Under the India Income Tax Act, the Company’s projects are generally subject to an income tax at an effective rate of 40% on income reported in the statutory financial statements after appropriate tax adjustments in accordance with Indian tax regulations.

The Company’s subsidiaries are paying the following tax rate for three and nine months ended September 30, 2009:

 
28

 
CHINA FIRE & SECURITY GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2010
(Unaudited)

 
Subsidiaries 
  
Income tax 
exemption
  
Effective 
income tax 
rate
Sureland Industrial
 
12.5
%
   
12.5
%
Sureland Equipment
 
12.5
%
   
12.5
%
Beijing Hua An
 
17.5
%
   
7.5
%
Tianxiao Equipment
 
-
%
   
25.0
Shian Kexin
 
-
%
   
25.0
Shanyang Hongshida
 
-
%
   
25.0
%
 
 The Company’s subsidiaries are paying the following tax rate for three and nine months ended September 30, 2010

Subsidiaries 
  
Income tax 
exemption
  
Effective 
income tax 
rate
Sureland Industrial
   
12.5
%
   
12.5
%
Sureland Equipment
   
12.5
%
   
12.5
%
Beijing Hua An
   
17.5
%
   
7.5
%
Shian Kexin
   
-
%
   
25.0
Zeetech
   
-
%
   
40.0
India Project Office
   
-
%
   
40.0
Shanyang Hongshida
   
-
%
   
25.0
%

The provision for income taxes amounted to $1,111,428 and $1,329,732 for the three months ended September 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively. The provision for income taxes amounted to $3,165,561 and $3,480,396 for the nine months ended September 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively.

 
29

 
CHINA FIRE & SECURITY GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2010
(Unaudited)

The following table reconciles the U.S. statutory rates to the Company’s effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30:

   
Three months ended 
September 30,
   
Nine months ended 
September 30,
 
  
 
2010
(Unaudited)
   
2009
(Unaudited)
   
2010
(Unaudited)
   
2009
(Unaudited)
 
U.S. Statutory rates
 
34.0
%
   
34.0
%
   
34.0
%
   
34.0
%
Foreign income not recognized in USA
 
(34.0
)    
(34.0
)
   
(34.0
)
   
(34.0
)
China income taxes
 
25.0
     
25.0
     
25.0
     
25.0
 
China income tax exemption
 
(15.7
)
   
(16.4
)
   
(15.8
)
   
(11.9
)
Permanent Differences (China)(1)
 
1.4
     
5.9
     
2.0
     
3.1
 
Other item (2)
 
5.1
     
0.5
     
4.2
     
0.3
 
Effective income tax rates
 
15.8
%
   
15.0
%
   
15.4
%
   
13.9
%

(1)The 1.4% represents $137,595 of bad debt provisions and $74,656 of meals and entertainment expenses incurred by Sureland Industrial, Sureland Equipment, and Beijing Hua An that are not deductible in PRC for the three months ending September 30, 2010. These non-deductible expenses were offset by $116,300, which is a 50% additional deduction allowed in PRC for Research and Development expenses at Sureland Industrial. The 5.9% represents $531,281 of bad debt provisions and $91,259 of meals and entertainment expenses incurred by Sureland Industrial, Sureland Equipment, and Beijing Hua An that are not deductible in PRC for the three months ending September 30, 2009. These non-deductible expenses were offset by $97,507 which is a 50% additional deduction allowed by PRC for Research and Development expenses at Sureland Industrial.

The 2.0% represents $489,917 of bad debt provisions and $246,817 of meals and entertainment expenses incurred by Sureland Industrial, Sureland Equipment, and Beijing Hua An that are not deductible in PRC for the nine months ending September 30, 2010. Those non-deductible expenses were offset by $315,449 which is a 50% additional deduction allowed in PRC for Research and Development expenses at Sureland Industrial. The 3.1% represents $862,353 of bad debt provisions and $208,069 of meals and entertainment expenses incurred by Sureland Industrial, Sureland Equipment, and Beijing Hua An that are not deductible in PRC for the nine months ending September 30, 2009. Those non-deductible expenses were offset by $306,012 which is a 50% additional deduction allowed by PRC for Research and Development expenses at Sureland Industrial.

(2)  The 3.5% and 0.5% represents $1,248,965 and $339,818 in expenses incurred by CFSG and CFPG that are not deductible in PRC for the three months ended September 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively. The 2.2% and 0.8% represents $3,844,830 and $1,503,893 in expenses incurred by CFSG and CFPG that are not deductible in PRC for the nine months ended September 30, 2010, and 2009, respectively.

The estimated tax savings for the three months ended September 30, 2010 and 2009 amounted to $1,103,809 and $1,451,523, respectively. The net effect on basic and diluted earnings per share if the income tax had been applied would reduce basic and diluted earnings per share for the three months ended September 30, 2010 by $0.12 and $0.11, respectively. If the income tax had been applied, it would reduce basic and diluted earnings per share for the three months ended September 2009 by $0.05.

 
30

 
CHINA FIRE & SECURITY GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2010
(Unaudited)

The estimated tax savings for the nine months ended September 30, 2010 and 2009 amounted to $3,249,981 and $ 3,612,548 respectively. The net effect on basic and diluted earnings per share if the income tax had been applied would reduce basic and diluted earnings per share for the nine months ended September 30, 2010, and 2009 by $0.04 and $0.13 respectively.

China Fire & Security Group, Inc. was incorporated in the United States and has incurred net operating losses of $0 for income tax purposes for the nine months ended September 30, 2010.  The estimated net operating loss carry forwards for United States income taxes amounted to $1,079,324 which may be available to reduce future years’ taxable income.  These carry forwards will expire, if not utilize, from 2027 through 2030.  Management believes that the realization of the benefits from these losses appears uncertain due to the Company’s limited operating history and continuing losses for United States income tax purposes.  Accordingly, the Company has provided a 100% valuation allowance on the deferred tax asset benefit to reduce the asset to zero.  The net change in the valuation allowance for the nine months ended September 30, 2010 and 2009 was $0 and the accumulated valuation allowance as of September 30, 2010 amounted to $366,970. Management reviews this valuation allowance periodically and makes adjustments as warranted.

The Company has cumulative undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries of approximately $92.5 million as of September 30, 2010, which is included in the consolidated retained earnings and will continue to be indefinitely reinvested in international operations.  Accordingly, no provision has been made for U.S. deferred taxes related to future repatriation of these earnings, nor is it practicable to estimate the amount of income taxes that would have to be provided if the Company concluded that such earnings will be remitted in the future.

Taxes payable

Taxes payable consisted of the following:
  
  
September 30,
2010
(Unaudited)
   
December 31,
2009
 
VAT taxes payable
 
$
6,968,414
   
$
4,636,786
 
Income taxes payable
   
2,063,070
     
2,936,047
 
Sales taxes
   
1,319,035
     
1,358,372
 
Other taxes payable
   
91,229
     
71,265
 
Total
 
$
10,441,748
   
$
9,002,470
 

 
31

 
CHINA FIRE & SECURITY GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2010
(Unaudited)

Note 11 - Retirement plan

The Company and its subsidiaries are required to participate in a central pension scheme operated by the local municipal government. The Company is required to contribute 20% of its payroll costs to the central pension scheme in 2010 and 2009. The contributions are charged to the consolidated income statement of the Company as they become payable in accordance with the rules of the scheme. The aggregate contributions of the Company to retirement benefit schemes amounted to $106,045, and $92,697 for the three months ended September 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively. The aggregate contributions of the Company to retirement benefit schemes amounted to $315,010 and $269,174 for the nine months ended September 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively.

 Note 12 - Statutory reserves

The laws and regulations of the People’s Republic of China require that before an enterprise distributes profits to its partners, it must first satisfy all tax liabilities, provide for losses in previous years, and make allocations, in proportions determined at the discretion of the board of directors, after the statutory reserve. The statutory reserves include a surplus reserve fund and the enterprise fund. These statutory reserves represent restricted retained earnings.

Surplus reserve fund

The Company is required to transfer 10% of its net income, as determined in accordance with the PRC accounting rules and regulations, to a statutory surplus reserve fund until such reserve balance reaches 50% of the Company’s registered capital.

The transfer to this reserve must be made before distribution of any dividend to shareholders. The surplus reserve fund is non-distributable other than during liquidation and can be used to fund previous years’ losses, if any, and may be utilized for business expansion or converted into share capital by issuing new shares to existing shareholders in proportion to their shareholding or by increasing the par value of the shares currently held by them, provided that the remaining reserve balance after such issue is not less than 25% of the registered capital.

Because the surplus reserve fund already totals 50% of Sureland Industrial, Sureland Equipment, and Beijing Hua An’s registered capital, the Company did not reserve any surplus reserve fund at the end of September 30, 2010 for these subsidiaries.  As of September 30, 2010, the remaining reserve required for Shian Kexin and Shenyang Hongshida to fulfill the 50% registered capital requirement totaled $748,500.
 
 
32

 
CHINA FIRE & SECURITY GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2010
(Unaudited)

 
Enterprise fund

The enterprise fund may be used to acquire plant and equipment or to increase the working capital to expend on production and operation of the business. No minimum contribution is required and the Company did not make any contribution to this fund for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010 and 2009.

Note 13 - Options issued to employees

On December 31, 2008, pursuant to the Company's 2008 Omnibus Long-term Incentive Plan, the Company's Board of Directors authorized the issuance of 1,000,000 shares of options for its employees with a total of 800,000 options issued to executive officers. The options will vest evenly each quarter over the following four years, starting from the first quarter of 2009. The Company used the Black Scholes Model to value the options at the time they were issued, based on the exercise price of $6.81, which was the closing price of the Company’s stock on December 31, 2008 and using the risk-free rate of 0.875%, 1.125%, 1.313% and 1.5% and the volatility of 86% that was estimated by analyzing the trading history of the Company’s stock. Because the Company did not have historical history exercise period from its previous issued option, the Company used the simplified method to calculate the term, which is the midpoint between the start vesting date and expiration date of the options, as a variable of the model. The 1,000,000 employee options had a fair value of $3,863,606. The related compensation expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the four year vesting period.  

The total stock option compensation expense recognized for the three months ended September 30, 2010 and September 30, 2009 was 245,049, and 245,049, respectively. The total stock option compensation expense recognized for the nine months ended September 30, 2010 and September 30, 2009 was 735,147 and 735,146, respectively. As of September 30, 2010, approximately $2.2 million of estimated expense related to un-vested stock-based awards has yet to be recognized and will be recognized over the employee’s remaining service period of approximately 2.23 years.

During the three month period ended September 30, 2010, 6,122 shares of options were converted into 6,122 shares of common stock using a cash exercise. There were 1,769,878 shares of options outstanding as of September 30, 2010.

 
33

 
CHINA FIRE & SECURITY GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2010
(Unaudited)

 The Company has stock options as follows:
             
Weighted
         
             
Average
     
Aggregate
 
     
Options
     
Exercise
     
Intrinsic
 
     
Outstanding
     
Price
     
Value
 
                         
Outstanding, December 31, 2008
   
779,500
   
$
1.43
   
$
4,194,190
 
Granted
   
1,000,000
     
6.81
     
-
 
Forfeited
                       
Exercised
   
(3,500
)
   
4.51
     
-
 
Outstanding, December 31, 2009
   
1,776,000
   
$
4.45
   
$
16,120,860
 
Granted
                       
Forfeited
                       
Exercised
   
(6,122
   
3.63 
         
Outstanding, September 30, 2010 (Unaudited)
   
1,769,878
   
$
4.46
   
$
6,467,521
 

Following is a summary of the status of options outstanding at September 30, 2010:
 
Outstanding Options
   
Exercisable Options
 
       
Average
               
Average
 
       
Remaining
               
Remaining
 
Number of
 
Exercise
 
Contractual
   
Number of
   
Exercise
   
Contractual
 
Options
 
Price
 
Life
   
Options
   
Price
   
Life
 
746,500
 
$
1.25
   
5.75
     
746,500
   
$
1.25
     
5.75
 
6,000
 
$
4.51
   
1.58
     
6,000
   
$
4.51
     
1.58
 
20,000
 
$
6.70
   
1.75
     
15,000
   
$
6.70
     
1.75
 
997,378
 
$
6.81
   
3.25
     
434,878
   
$
6.81
     
3.25
 

 Note 14 - Restricted stocks issued to employees

On December 1, 2009, pursuant to the Company's 2008 Omnibus Long-term Incentive Plan, the Company's Board of Directors authorized the issuance of 1,000,000 shares of restricted stocks for its employee with total 285,000 shares of restricted stocks issued to executive officers. The restricted stocks will vest evenly each year over the following four years, starting from the December 1, 2009. The Company used the closing price of the Company’s stock at the time they were issued, based on the closing price of $12.65, which was the closing price of the Company’s stock on November 30, 2009.
 
 
34

 
CHINA FIRE & SECURITY GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2010
(Unaudited)

 
The 1,000,000 employee restricted stocks had a fair value of $12,650,000. The related compensation expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the vesting periods.

The total restricted stock compensation expense recognized for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010 was $790,625 and $2,371,875, respectively.

 Note 15 - Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments

As described in Note 1, Shenyang Hongshida has a registered capital of $1,497,000, of which, $748,500 has been invested as of September 30, 2010. The remaining of $748,500 is scheduled to be injected within two years of June 1, 2009, the date of the Company’s by-laws.

Contingencies

From time to time, the Company is involved in legal matters arising in the ordinary course of business. Management currently is not aware of any legal matters or pending litigation, which would have a significant effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements

Note 16 – Restructuring of Tianxiao Equipment
 
On July 3, 2009, Sureland Industrial signed an agreement to transfer 83.3% ownership in Tianxiao Equipment to Tianjin Fire Protection Equipment Co., Ltd. for consideration approximately equal to the net assets of Tianxiao Equipment as of June 30, 2009, which was approximately $1.6 million (RMB 10.6 million). Thus, a loss of $913 was recognized in this transaction. The proceeds of $1.6 million have been fully received by the Company as of December 31, 2009.

After the restructuring, Sureland Industrial became a minority shareholder, with 16.7% ownership in Tianxiao Equipment.  The investment is recorded under the cost accounting method.  Sureland Industrial is continuing to purchase fire safety and protection products through Tiaoxiao Equipment, which does not require the classification of the deconsolidation of Tianxiao Equipment as a discontinued operation in accordance with FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 205-20-55.  
 
Note 17 – Subsequent Events

The Company has performed an evaluation of subsequent events through the date the financial statements were issued.
 
35

 
 
 
Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
 
General
 
The following discussion and analysis provides information which the management of China Fire & Security Group, Inc., ("we," "our," "us," the "Company" or "CFSG") believes to be relevant to an assessment and understanding of the Company's results of operations and financial condition. This discussion should be read together with the Company's financial statements and the notes to financial statements, which are included in this report.
 
Overview

We are engaged in the design, development, manufacturing and sale of fire protection products and services for large industrial firms in China and international markets. We have developed a proprietary product line that addresses all aspects of industrial fire safety from fire detection to fire system control and extinguishing. The Company is one of the first companies in China to leverage high technology for fire protection and safety on behalf of its clients including iron and steel companies, power plants, petrochemical plants, as well as, special purpose construction companies in China and other international markets.

Reorganization

We were organized as a Florida corporation on June 17, 2003.
 
On September 1, 2006, we entered into a share exchange agreement, pursuant to which we acquired all of the outstanding capital shares of China Fire Protection Group Inc. in exchange for a controlling interest in our common shares. The transaction was completed on Oct 27, 2006.

China Fire Protection Group was organized on June 2, 2006 for the purpose of acquiring all of the capital shares of Sureland Industrial Fire Safety Limited (Sureland Industrial), a Chinese corporation, and, Sureland Industrial Fire Equipment Co., Ltd. (Sureland Equipment), a Chinese corporation, which collectively engage in the design, development, manufacturing and sale of fire protection products and services for large industrial firms in China. As a result of the transactions described above, both Sureland Industrial Fire Safety Limited and Sureland Industrial Fire Equipment Co., Ltd became wholly-owned subsidiaries of China Fire Protection Group Limited, and China Fire Protection Group Limited is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Unipro.

On February 9, 2007, Unipro changed its name to China Fire & Security Group, Inc. (CFSG) and started trading on the OTC Bulletin Board under its new ticker symbol CFSG. On July 16, 2007, China Fire & Security Group, Inc. began trading on the Nasdaq Capital Market and retained the ticker symbol CFSG.
 
CFSG owns, through its wholly owned subsidiary China Fire Protection Group, Inc., Sureland Industrial and Sureland Equipment (jointly “Sureland”). Sureland is engaged primarily in the design, development, manufacture and sale in China of a variety of fire safety products for the industrial fire safety market as well as the design and installation of industrial fire safety systems in which it uses a combination of fire safety products including its own fire safety products. To a minor extent, it provides maintenance services for customers of its industrial fire safety systems. Its business is primarily in China, but it has recently begun contract manufacturing products for the export market and it has begun to provide a fire safety system for a Chinese company operating abroad.

Sureland markets its industrial fire safety products and systems primarily to major companies in the iron and steel, power and petrochemical industries in China. It has also completed projects for highway and railway tunnels, wine distilleries and a nuclear reactor. It is expanding its business in the transportation, wine, vessels, nuclear energy, and public space markets. Its products can be readily adapted for use on vessels and in exhibition halls and theatres. It plans to expand its marketing efforts to secure business in these industries.

                                                              
 
36

 


Sureland has internal research and development facilities engaged primarily in furthering fire safety technologies. It believes that its technologies allow it to offer cost-effective and high-quality fire safety products and systems. It has developed products for industrial fire detecting and extinguishing. It believes that it is the largest manufacturer in China that has successfully developed a comprehensive line of linear heat detectors.
 
In May 2009, Beijing Shian Kexin Technology Co., Ltd. (“Shian Kexin”) was incorporated in Beijing, China under the laws of the PRC with registered capital of RMB5,000,000 or approximately $748,500. Shian Kexin is 100% owned by Sureland Industrial.

In May 2009, Shenyang Hongshida Electronics Co., Ltd. (“Hongshida”) was incorporated in Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China under the laws of the PRC with registered capital of RMB10,000,000 or approximately  $1,497,000. Hongshida is 80% owned by Beijing Hua An Times Fire Safety Technology Co., Ltd. ("Beijing Hua An") with a 20% non-controlling interest owned by an unrelated party. Beijing Hua An is 100% owned by Sureland Industrial.
 
During the first quarter of 2010, our wholly-owned subsidiary, China Fire Protection Group, Inc. entered into an agreement with Zeetech System Private Limited (“Zeetech”), our subsidiary in which we own 100%, pursuant to which China Fire Protection Group Inc.’s entire interest (75%) in Sureland Industrial shall be transferred to Zeetech. On March 12, 2010, the restructuring transaction was approved by the Chinese Ministry of Commence. Subsequent to the transfer, China Fire & Security Group, Inc. still holds 100% of the interest in Sureland Industrial through its subsidiaries.
 
As of September 30, 2010, Sureland operates more than 20 sales and liaison offices in China. Sureland has been ranked as the leading Chinese industrial fire safety company and the largest contractor by the China Association for Fire Prevention based on six major factors including total revenue, growth rate, net profit, return on assets, investment in research and development and intellectual property. Its key products include linear heat detectors and water mist extinguishers, whose sales volumes are the largest in China. Its products have been used by its customers in more than 20 provinces throughout China.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

While our significant accounting policies are more fully described in Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements appearing at the end of this quarterly report, we believe that the following accounting policies are the most critical to aid you in fully understanding and evaluating our reported financial results.

Revenue recognition

Revenue is recognized when it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company as follows:
 
 
1.
Revenue from system contracting projects are recognized using the percentage-of-completion method of accounting, and therefore, take into account the costs, estimated earnings a revenue to date on contracts not yet completed. Revenue recognized is that percentage of the total contract price that cost expended to date bears to anticipated final total cost, based on current estimates of costs to complete. Contract costs include all direct material and labor costs and those indirect costs related to contract performance, such as indirect labor, supplies, tools, repairs, and depreciation costs. Adjustments to the original estimates of the total contract revenue, total control cost, or extent of progress toward completion are often required as work in progress. Such changes and refinements in estimation methodologies are reflected in reported results of operations; if material, the effects of changes in estimates are disclosed in the notes to the consolidated financial statements.
 
The key assumptions used in the estimate of costs to complete relate to the unit material cost, the quantity of materials to be used, the installation cost and those indirect costs related to contract performance. The estimate of unit material cost is reviewed and updated on a quarterly basis, based on the updated information available on the supply markets. The estimate of material quantity to be used for completion and the installation cost is also reviewed and updated on a quarterly basis, based on the updated information on the progress of projection execution. If the supply market conditions or the progress of projection execution were different, it is likely that materially different amounts of contract costs would be used in the percentage of completion method of accounting. Thus the uncertainty associated with those estimates may impact our consolidated financial statements.  Selling, general, and administrative costs are charged to expense as incurred. At the time a loss on a contract becomes known, the entire amount of the estimated ultimate loss is recognized in the consolidated financial statements. Claims for additional contract costs are recognized upon a signed change order from the customer.

 
37

 
 
2.
Revenue from product sales is recognized when the goods are delivered and title has passed. Product sales revenue is presented net of a value-added tax (“VAT”). All of the Company’s products that are sold in the People’s Republic of China (“PRC”) are subject to a Chinese value-added tax at a rate of 17% of the gross sales price. This VAT may be offset by VAT paid by the Company on raw materials and other materials included in the cost of producing the finished product.

 
3.
Revenue from the rendering of maintenance services is recognized over the service period on a straight-line basis.

In accordance with ASC 605-15, “Revenue Recognition when Right of Return Exists,” revenue is recorded net of an estimate of markdowns, price concessions and warranty costs. Such reserve is based on management’s evaluation of historical experience, current industry trends and estimated costs.

Foreign currency translation

The reporting currency of the Company is the US dollar. The Company uses their local currency, Renminbi (RMB) and Indian Rupee (INR), as their functional currency. Results of operations and cash flow are translated at average exchange rates during the period, and assets and liabilities are translated at the unified exchange rate as quoted by the People’s Bank of China at the end of the period. Translation adjustments resulting from this process are included in accumulated other comprehensive income in the consolidated statements of changes in equity.  
 
Asset and liability accounts at September 30, 2010 were translated at 6.68 RMB to $1.00 and 44.89 INR to $1.00 as compared to 6.82 RMB to $1.00 and 46.75 INR to $1.00 at December 31, 2009 respectively.  Equity accounts were stated at their historical rate.  The average translation rates of RMB applied to income statements accounts for the nine months ended September 30, 2010 and 2009 were 6.80 RMB and 6.82 RMB, respectively. The average translation rates of INR applied to income statements accounts for the nine months ended September 30, 2010 were 46.15 INR. Cash flows are also translated at average translation rates for the period, therefore, amounts reported on the statement of cash flows will not necessarily agree with changes in the corresponding balances on the balance sheets.

Transaction gains and losses that arise from exchange rate fluctuations on transactions denominated in a currency other than the functional currency are included in the results of operations as incurred.  Historically, the Company has not entered any currency trading or hedging transactions, although there is no assurance that the Company will not enter into such transactions in the future.
 
Plant and equipment
 
Plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets with a 5 percent residual value.
 
Use of estimates
 
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles of the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the combined financial statements and accompanying notes. Management believes that the estimates utilized in preparing its financial statements are reasonable and prudent. Actual results could differ from these estimates.
                                                               
 
38

 
Certain of the Company’s accounting policies require higher degrees of judgment than others in their application. These include the recognition of revenue and earnings from system contracting projects under the percentage of completion method, impairment of long-lived assets and the allowance for doubtful accounts. Management evaluates all of its estimates and judgments on an on-going basis.
 
Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market, using the weighted average method. Raw materials consist primarily of materials used in production. Finished goods consist primarily of equipment used in product sales and system contracting projects. The costs of finished goods include direct costs of raw materials as well as direct labor used in production. Indirect production costs such as utilities and indirect labor related to production such as assembling, shipping and handling costs are also included in the cost of inventory.  The Company reviews its inventories periodically to determine if any reserves are necessary for potential obsolescence.

Accounts receivable

Accounts receivable represents amounts due from customers for products sales, maintenance services and system contracting projects. Overdue balances are reviewed regularly by senior management.

We establish an allowance for doubtful accounts based on management’s assessment of the collectability of our account receivables. A considerable amount of judgment is required in assessing the amount of the allowance. We consider the historical level of credit losses, apply percentages to aged receivable categories, make judgments about the creditworthiness of each customer based on ongoing credit evaluations, and monitor current economic trends that might impact the level of credit losses in the future. If the financial condition of the customers were to deteriorate, resulting in their inability to make payments, a larger allowance may be required.

Additional specific provision is made against account receivables to the extent which they are considered to be doubtful. Bad debts are written off against allowance for doubtful accounts when identified. We do not accrue any interest on accounts receivable. Historically, losses from uncollectible accounts have not deviated from the general allowance estimated by the management and no bad debts have been written off against allowance for doubtful accounts directly to the profit and loss. This general provisioning policy has not changed in the past since establishment and the management considers that the aforementioned general provisioning policy is adequate and does not expect to change this established policy in the near future. Any changes on the estimates on our general provision policy could have a material effect on our results of operations.
 
Valuation of Long-Lived Assets
 
We assess the impairment of long-lived assets, which include identifiable intangible assets, and property and equipment (“P&E”), at least annually or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable for all long-lived assets. Changes in the underlying business could adversely affect the fair value of the enterprise and intangible asset and P&E asset groups. Important factors which could require an impairment review include: (i) underperformance relative to expected historical or projected future operating results; (ii) changes in the manner of use of the assets or the strategy for our overall business; (iii) negative industry or economic trends; (iv) our enterprise fair value relative to net book value.
 
Our impairment evaluation of identifiable intangible assets and P&E includes an analysis of estimated future undiscounted net cash flows expected to be generated by the assets over their remaining estimated useful lives. If the estimated future undiscounted net cash flows are insufficient to recover the carrying value of the assets over the remaining estimated useful lives, we record an impairment loss in the amount by which the carrying value of the assets exceeds the fair value. We determine fair value based on either market quotes, if available, or discounted cash flows using a discount rate commensurate with the risk inherent in our current business model for the specific asset being valued. Major factors that influence our cash flow analysis are our estimates for future revenue and expenses associated with the use of the asset. Different estimates could have a significant impact on the results of our evaluation. If, as a result of our analysis, we determine that our amortizable intangible assets or other long-lived assets have been impaired, we will recognize an impairment loss in the period in which the impairment is determined. Any such impairment charge could be significant and could have a material negative effect on our results of operations.
 
Share-based Compensation
 
We applied ASC 718, Compensation - Stock Compensation (formerly SFAS No. 123R, Share-Based Payment). ASC 718 requires that all share-based compensation be recognized as an expense in the consolidated financial statements and that such cost be measured at the fair value of the award and requires compensation cost to reflect estimated forfeitures. The determination of the fair value of share-based compensation awards on the date of grant using an option-pricing model is affected by our stock price as well as assumptions regarding a number of complex and subjective variables, including our expected stock price volatility over the term of the awards, actual and projected share option exercise behaviors, risk-free interest rate and expected dividends. The volatility of the Company’s common stock was estimated by management based on the historical volatility of our common stock, the risk free interest rate was based on Treasury Constant Maturity Rates published by the U.S. Federal Reserve for periods applicable to the expected life of the share option, the expected dividend yield was based on the Company’s current and expected dividend policy, and the projected share option exercise behaviors is based on one-half of the sum of the vesting period and the contractual life of each share option.  This is the same as assuming that the options are exercised at the mid-point between the vesting date and expiration date.
 
Any uncertainty associated with these assumptions may impact our consolidated financial statements might affect our valuation when the options are granted.
 
Results of Operations

Comparison of the Three Months Ended September 30, 2010 and 2009:

     
For the Three Months Ended September 30,
 
     
2010
   
2009
   
Y/Y Change
 
     
Amount ($)
   
% of Total Revenue
   
Amount ($)
   
% of Total Revenue
   
Amount ($)
   
%
 
Revenues
                                   
 
System contracting projects
    19,874,490       80.1 %     18,710,099       75.4 %     1,164,391       6.2 %
 
Products
    4,092,838       16.5 %     5,351,659       21.6 %     (1,258,821 )     (23.5 )%
 
Maintenance services
    850,260       3.4 %     754,671       3.0 %     95,589       12.7 %
 
Total Revenues
    24,817,588       100.0 %     24,816,429       100.0 %     1,159       0.0 %

Total revenues were approximately $24.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2010, as compared to approximately $24.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2009, representing a slight increase of $1,159. This increase was primarily attributable to the increase in revenues from system contracting service and maintenance services, offset by the decrease in revenues from product sales. The Company recognized revenues from 223 total solution, product sales and maintenance contracts for the three months ended September 30, 2010 as compared to 205 contracts for the three months ended September 30, 2009.
 
39

 
For the three months ended September 30, 2010, the iron and steel industry contributed the largest percentage to our total revenues, contributing approximately 85.1 percent of total revenues, compared to 76.2 percent for the three months ended September 30, 2009. For the three months ended September 30, 2010, the traditional power generation industry contributed approximately 3.4 percent of total revenues, compared to 12.3 percent for the three months ended September 30, 2009. Other industries including the chemical industry and the nuclear power industry and international markets contributed approximately 11.4 percent for the three months ended September 30, 2010, compared to 11.5 percent for the three months ended September 30, 2009.

Revenues from system contracting projects increased by 6.2 percent to $19.9 million and were derived from 122 contracts for the three months ended September 30, 2010, compared to $18.7 million derived from 101 contracts for the three months ended September 30, 2009. This slight increase in revenues from system contracting projects was primarily attributable to the successful execution of large iron and steel projects from Wuhan Iron and Steel Group, offset by the general slowdown in the execution of system contracting projects from the iron and steel industry, which experienced weakness during the period.

In particular, the three largest total solution projects were Wuhan Iron and Steel Group, Capital Iron Steel Caofeidian and Handan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd. which collectively contributed approximately $14.3 million of revenues, representing 57.7 percent of total revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2010.

For the three months ended September 30, 2010, the significant increase in reliance on one client for the Company’s operating results was due to the size of the total solution contract executed with Wuhan Iron and Steel. The value of this contract was approximately $92 million. Therefore, with the successful implementation of this project, for the three months ended September 30, 2010, Wuhan Iron and Steel contributed the largest portion of the Company’s sales of any client. By the end of the third quarter of 2010, the $92 million contract with Wuhan Iron and Steel will only be 34% complete; as a result, the Company expects that a large portion of its revenues in future reporting periods will depend on the execution of this contract.

Revenues from product sales, which included the sale of our self-manufactured proprietary products and resale of third-party products, were $4.1 million derived from 47 contracts for the three months ended September 30, 2010, compared to $5.4 million derived from 45 contracts for the three months ended September 30, 2009. The decrease in revenues from product sales was mainly attributable to the smaller contracts signed by the Company’s clients from the iron and steel industry, which experienced weakness during the period. The average value of product sales contracts executed for the three months ended September 30, 2010 was approximately $87,000, compared to approximately $120,000 during the same period of 2009.

Revenues from maintenance service increased by 12.7 percent to $0.9 million derived from 54 contracts for the three months ended September 30, 2010, compared to $0.8 million derived from 59 contracts for the three months ended September 30, 2009. The increase in revenues from maintenance service was mainly attributable to the increase in average contract value as the result of more sophisticated maintenance contracts that we executed in the iron and steel industry during the period.

     
For the Three Months Ended September 30,
 
     
2010
   
2009
   
Y/Y Change
 
     
Amount ($)
   
% of Revenue
   
Amount ($)
   
% of Revenue
   
Amount ($)
   
%
 
Cost of revenues
                                   
 
System contracting projects
    9,579,909       48.2 %     7,821,254       41.8 %     1,758,655       22.5 %
 
Products
    2,091,895       51.1 %     2,559,838       47.8 %     (467,943 )     (18.3 )%
 
Maintenance services
    604,209       71.1 %     436,026       57.8 %     168,183       38.6 %
 
Total cost of revenues
    12,276,013       49.5 %     10,817,118       43.6 %     1,458,895       13.5 %
                                                   
Gross profit
                                               
 
System contracting projects
    10,294,581       51.8 %     10,888,845       58.2 %     (594,264 )     (5.5 )%
 
Products
    2,000,943       48.9 %     2,791,821       52.2 %     (790,878 )     (28.3 )%
 
Maintenance services
    246,051       28.9 %     318,645       42.2 %     (72,594 )     (22.8 )%
 
Total gross profit
    12,541,575       50.5 %     13,999,311       56.4 %     (1,457,736 )     (10.4 )%

 
40

 
Cost of revenues for the three months ended September 30, 2010 was approximately $12.3 million, as compared to $10.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2009, representing an increase of approximately $1.5 million or 13.5%. The increase in cost of revenues was mainly driven by the increase in unit labor cost and material costs during the period. Gross profit for the three months ended September 30, 2010 was approximately $12.5 million, as compared to $14.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2009, representing a decrease of approximately $1.5 million or 10.4 percent. Gross margin for the three months ended September 30, 2010 was 50.5 percent, as compared to gross margin of 56.4 percent for the three months ended September 30, 2009. The decrease in gross margin was mainly due to the decrease in gross margin of our system contracting projects during the period.

Gross margin of system contracting projects was 51.8 percent for the three months ended September 30, 2010, compared to 58.2 percent for the three months ended September 30, 2009. The decrease in the gross margin of system contracting projects was mainly attributable to a change in the contract mix during the period The gross margin of system contracting projects represents the average value of the gross margins of different system contracting projects executed in during the period.

Gross margin of product sales was 48.9 percent for the three months ended September 30, 2010, compared to 52.2 percent for the three months ended September 30, 2009. The decrease in the gross margin of product sales was mainly attributable to the product mix during the period, as a lower percentage of self-manufactured proprietary products sold through product sales contracts contributed to lower gross margins. Of the products sales in the three months ended September 30, 2010, the percentage of self-manufactured proprietary products decreased to 36.7%, compared to 45.3% in the three months ended September 30, 2009. The main reason for the shift in sales from self-manufactured products to third-party manufactured products is the percentage of product sales from the chemical industry increased significantly to 39.2% in the three months ended September 30, 2010, compared to 1.9% for the same period of last year. Since product sales contracts in the chemical industry typically use less self-manufactured proprietary products than those in other industries, the higher sales contribution from the chemical industry resulted into the lower percentage of self-manufactured proprietary products during the period.

Gross margin of maintenance service was 28.9 percent for the three months ended September 30, 2010, compared to 42.2 percent for the three months ended September 30, 2009. The decrease in gross margin of maintenance service was mainly attributable to an increase in unit labor costs during the period.

 
 
 
For the Three Months Ended September 30,
 
      2010     2009     Y/Y Change  
     
Amount ($)
   
% of Total Revenue
   
Amount ($)
   
% of Total Revenue
   
Amount ($)
   
%
 
Operating expenses
                                   
 
Selling expense
    2,533,778       10.2 %     2,470,092       10.0 %     63,686       2.6 %
 
General administrative
    2,552,035       10.3 %     2,416,007       9.7 %     136,028       5.6 %
 
Depreciation and amortization
    218,029       0.9 %     197,042       0.8 %     20,987       10.7 %
 
R&D
    465,199       1.9 %     390,029       1.6 %     75,170       19.3 %
 
Total Operating Expenses
    5,769,041       23.2 %     5,473,170       22.1 %     295,871       5.4 %
 
Income From Operations
    6,772,534       27.3 %     8,526,141       34.4 %     (1,753,607 )     (20.6 )%

Operating expenses were approximately $5.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2010 as compared to approximately $5.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2009, an increase of approximately $0.3 million or 5.4 percent. This increase in operating expenses was mainly attributable to the slight increases in selling, general administrative and R&D expenses during the period.
 
41

 
Selling expenses were approximately $2.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2010 as compared to approximately $2.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2009, representing an increase of $63,686 or 2.6 percent. The increase in selling expenses was mainly attributable to the increase in sales-related activities in the iron and steel, power generation and chemical industries and efforts to expand into new industries including nuclear power, transportation and international markets. General administrative expenses were approximately $2.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2010, as compared to approximately $2.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2009, representing an increase of $136,028 or 5.6 percent. The increase in general administrative expenses was mainly attributable to increases in employees’ salary and compensation related to issued options and restricted stock. Depreciation and amortization expenses were approximately $0.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2010, as compared to approximately $0.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2009, representing an increase of $20,987 or 10.7 percent. The increase in depreciation and amortization expenses was mainly due to the increase in equipment used for business operations. R&D expenses were approximately $0.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2010 as compared to approximately $0.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2009, representing an increase of $75,170 or 19.3 percent. The increase in R&D expenses was mainly attributable to the variance in expenditures required in different product development cycles.

Operating income was approximately $6.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2010 as compared to approximately $8.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2009, representing a decrease of $1.8 million or 20.6 percent. The decrease in operating income was mainly attributable to the decrease in gross profit and increase in operating expenses during the period.

Total other income was approximately $0.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2010 as compared to $0.3 for the three months ended September 30, 2009, representing a decrease of $86,106 or 25.7 percent.

Income before income tax was approximately $7.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2010, as compared to approximately $8.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2009, representing a decrease of $1.8 million or 20.8 percent. The decrease in income before income tax was mainly due to the decrease in gross profits and increase in operating expenses during the period.  Provision for income tax was approximately $1.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2010 with an effective tax rate of approximately 15.8 percent, as compared to approximately $1.3 million in provision for income tax for the three months ended September 30, 2009, representing a decrease of $0.2 million. The decrease in provision for income tax was mainly due to a decrease in income before income tax during the period.

Net income was approximately $5.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2010, as compared to approximately $7.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2009, representing a decrease of $1.6 million or 21.4 percent. The decrease in net income was mainly due to the decrease in gross profits and increase in operating expenses during the period.

Currency translation adjustments resulting from RMB appreciation amounted to approximately $2.0 million and $0.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively. The positive currency translation adjustments during the period are due to the appreciation of RMB against the U.S. Dollar during the period.

Comprehensive income, which adds the currency adjustment to net income, was approximately $7.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2010, as compared to approximately $7.7 for the three months ended September 30, 2009, representing a decrease of $0.2 million or 3.1 percent.



                                                                  
 
42

 

Comparison of the Nine Months Ended on September 30, 2010 and 2009:

     
For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
     
2010
   
2009
   
Y/Y Change
 
     
Amount ($)
   
% of Total Revenue
   
Amount ($)
   
% of Total Revenue
   
Amount ($)
   
%
 
Revenues
                                   
 
System contracting projects
    53,663,486       78.2 %     50,004,213       77.8 %     3,659,273       7.3 %
 
Products
    12,179,859       17.8 %     12,267,472       19.1 %     (87,613 )     (0.7 )%
 
Maintenance services
    2,751,400       4.0 %     1,988,823       3.1 %     762,577       38.3 %
 
Total revenues
    68,594,745       100.0 %     64,260,508       100.0 %     4,334,237       6.7 %


Total revenues were approximately $68.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2010, as compared to approximately $64.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2009, representing an increase of approximately $4.3 million or 6.7 percent. The increase was primarily due to the increase in revenues from system contracting projects and product sales, which contributed 96.0 percent of revenues during the period. The Company recognized revenues from 326 total solution, product sales and maintenance contracts for the nine months ended September 30, 2010 as compared to 323 contracts for the nine months ended September 30, 2009.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2010, the iron and steel industry contributed the largest percentage to our total revenues, contributing approximately 80.4 percent of total revenues, compared to 74.5 percent for the nine months ended September 30, 2009. For the nine months ended September 30, 2010, the traditional power generation industry contributed approximately 6.7 percent of total revenue, compared to 14.5 percent for the nine months ended September 30, 2009. For the nine months ended September 30, 2010, other industries including the chemical industry and the nuclear power industry and international markets contributed approximately 12.9 percent, compared to 11.0 percent for the nine months ended September 30, 2009.

Revenues from system contracting projects increased by 7.3 percent to $53.7 million and were derived from 166 contracts for the nine months ended September 30, 2010, as compared to $50.0 million derived from 167 contracts for the nine months ended September 30, 2009. The increase in revenues from system contracting projects was mainly attributable to the successful execution of large projects with Wuhan Iron and Steel Group during the period.

In particular, the three largest customers were Wuhan Iron and Steel Group, Capital Iron and Steel Caofeidian Project, and Anshan Chaoyang Iron and Steel Co., Ltd., which collectively contributed approximately $37.5 million of revenues, representing 54.6 percent of total revenues, for the nine months ended September 30, 2010.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2010, the significant increase in reliance on one client for the Company’s operating results was due to the size of the total solution contract the Company executed with Wuhan Iron and Steel. The value of this contract was approximately $92 million. With the successful implementation of this project, for the nine months ended September 30, 2010, Wuhan Iron and Steel contributed the largest portion of the Company’s sales during the period of any client. By the end of the third quarter of 2010, the $92 million contract with Wuhan Iron and Steel will only be 34% complete; as a result, the Company expects that a large portion of its revenues in future reporting periods will depend on the execution of this contract.

Revenues from product sales, which included the sale of self-manufactured proprietary products and resale of third-party products, were $12.2 million derived from 99 contracts for the nine months ended September 30, 2010, compared to $12.3 million derived from 96 contracts for the nine months ended September 30, 2009. The decrease in revenues from product sales was mainly attributable to the smaller contracts signed by clients from the iron and steel industry due to industry weakness during the period.

Revenues from maintenance service increased by 38.3 percent to $2.8 million derived from 61 contracts for the nine months ended September 30, 2010, compared to $2.0 million derived from 60 contracts for the nine months ended September 30, 2009. The increase in revenues from maintenance service was mainly attributable to the increase in the number of contracts executed as the result of the expansion in our customer base as well as the increase in the

                                                                  
 
43

 
average contract value due to the more sophisticated maintenance contracts that we executed in the iron and steel industry during the period.

     
For the Nine months Ended September 30,
 
     
2010
   
2009
   
Y/Y Change
 
     
Amount ($)
   
% of Revenue
   
Amount ($)
   
% of Revenue
   
Amount ($)
   
%
 
Cost of revenues
                                   
 
System contracting projects
    24,767,752       46.2 %     19,598,795       39.2 %     5,168,957       26.4 %
 
Products
    5,402,095       44.4 %     4,636,886       37.8 %     765,209       16.5 %
 
Maintenance services
    1,856,115       67.5 %     1,228,186       61.8 %     627,929       51.1 %
 
Total cost of revenues
    32,025,962       46.7 %     25,463,867       39.6 %     6,562,095       25.8 %
                                                   
Gross profit
                                               
 
System contracting projects
    28,895,734       53.8 %     30,405,418       60.8 %     (1,509,684 )     (5.0 )%
 
Products
    6,777,764       55.6 %     7,630,586       62.2 %     (852,822 )     (11.2 )%
 
Maintenance services
    895,285       32.5 %     760,637       38.2 %     134,648       17.7 %
 
Total gross profit
    36,568,783       53.3 %     38,796,641       60.4 %     (2,227,858 )     (5.7 )%

Cost of revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2010 was approximately $32.0 million, as compared to $25.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2009, representing an increase of approximately $6.6 million or 25.8%. Gross profit for the nine months ended September 30, 2010 was approximately $36.6 million, as compared to $38.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2009, representing a decrease of approximately $2.2 million or 5.7 percent. Gross margin for the nine months ended September 30, 2010 was 53.3 percent, compared to 60.4 percent for the nine months ended September 30, 2009. The decrease in gross margin was mainly due to the decrease in gross margins of our system contracting projects, product sales and maintenance service during the period.

Gross margin of system contracting projects was 53.8 percent for the nine months ended September 30, 2010, compared to 60.8 percent for the nine months ended September 30, 2009. The decrease in the gross margin of system contracting projects was mainly attributable to a change in the contract mix during the period The gross margin of system contracting projects represents the average value of the gross margins of different system contracting projects executed in during the period.

The gross margin of product sales was 55.6 percent for the nine months ended September 30, 2010, compared to 62.2 percent for the nine months ended September 30, 2009. The decrease in gross margin of product sales was mainly attributable to a lower percentage of self-manufactured proprietary products being sold in product sales contracts, which contribute higher gross margins than outsourced products manufactured by the third party. Of the product sales in the nine months ended September 30, 2010, the percentage of self-manufactured proprietary products decreased to 38.9%, compared to 50.8% for the same period of fiscal year 2009. The main reason for the shift in sales from self-manufactured products to third-party manufactured products is the percentage of product sales from the chemical industry increased significantly to 36.4% in the nine months ended September 30, 2010, compared to 4.3% for the same period of last year. Since the product sales contracts from the chemical industry typically use less self-manufactured proprietary products than those from other industries, the higher sales contribution from chemical industry resulted in the lower percentage of self-manufactured proprietary products during the period.

Gross margin of maintenance service was 32.5 percent for the nine months ended September 30, 2010, compared to 38.2 percent for the nine months ended September 30, 2009. The decrease in the gross margin of maintenance service was mainly attributable to increase in unit labor costs during the period.
 
 
44

 
     
For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
      2010     2009     Y/Y Change  
     
Amount ($)
   
% of Total Revenue
   
Amount ($)
   
% of Total Revenue
   
Amount ($)
   
%
 
Operating expenses
                                   
 
Selling expense
    6,739,138       9.8 %     6,610,283       10.3 %     128,855       1.9 %
 
General administrative
    8,110,776       11.8 %     6,080,089       9.5 %     2,030,687       33.4 %
 
Depreciation and amortization
    620,190       0.9 %     573,892       0.9 %     46,298       8.1 %
 
R&D
    1,261,796       1.8 %     1,224,046       1.9 %     37,750       3.1 %
 
Total Operating Expenses
    16,731,900       24.4 %     14,488,310       22.5 %     2,243,590       15.5 %
 
Income From Operations
    19,836,883       28.9 %     24,308,331       37.8 %     (4,471,448 )     (18.4 )%

Operating expenses were approximately $16.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2010, as compared to approximately $14.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2009, representing an increase of approximately $2.2 million or 15.5 percent. The increase in operating expenses was mainly due to the increase in general administrative expenses and selling expenses during the period.

Selling expenses were approximately $6.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2010 as compared to approximately $6.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2009, representing an increase of approximately $0.1 million or 1.9 percent. The increase in selling expenses was mainly attributable to the increase in sales-related activities in the iron and steel, power generation and chemical industries and efforts to expand into new industries including nuclear power, transportation and international markets. General administrative expenses were approximately $8.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2010, as compared to approximately $6.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2009, representing an increase of approximately $2.0 million or 33.4 percent. The significant increase in general administrative expenses was mainly attributable to the increase in employees’ salary and compensation related to issued options and restricted stock during the period. Depreciation and amortization expenses were approximately $0.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2010, as compared to approximately $0.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2009, representing an increase of $46,298 or 8.1 percent. The increase in depreciation and amortization expenses was mainly due to an increase in equipment for operations. R&D expenses were approximately $1.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2010, as compared to approximately $1.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2009, representing an increase of $37,750 or 3.1 percent. The increase in R&D expenses was mainly attributable to the variance in expenditure required in different product development cycles.

Operating income was approximately $19.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2010, as compared to approximately $24.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2009, representing a decrease of $4.5 million or 18.4 percent. The decrease in operating income was mainly attributable to the decrease in gross profit and increase in operating expenses during this period.

Total other income was approximately $0.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2010, as compared to approximately $0.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2009, representing an increase of $84,475 or 12.3 percent. The increase was mainly attributable to the increase in our interest income during the period.

Income before income tax was approximately $20.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2010, as compared to approximately $25.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2009, representing a decrease of $4.4 million or 17.6 percent. The decrease in income before income tax was mainly due to the decrease in gross profit and increase in operating expenses during the period. Provision for income tax was approximately $3.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2010 as compared to an approximately $3.5 million in provision for income tax for the nine months ended September 30, 2009, representing a decrease of $0.3 million. The decrease in provision for income tax was mainly due to decrease in income before income tax during the period.

Net income was approximately $17.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2010 as compared to approximately $21.5 million net income for the nine months ended September 30, 2009, representing a decrease of $4.0 million or 18.7 percent. The reason for the decrease in net income was mainly due to the decrease in gross profit and the increase in operating expenses during the period.
                                                                  
 
45

 
Currency translation adjustments resulting from RMB appreciation amounted to approximately $2.4 million and $12,367 million as of the nine months ended September 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively. The positive currency translation adjustments during the period are due to the appreciation of RMB against the U.S. Dollar.

Comprehensive income, which adds the currency adjustment to net income, was approximately $20.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2010 as compared to approximately $21.5 million in comprehensive income for the nine months ended September 30, 2009, representing a decrease of $1.6 million or 7.4 percent.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

As of September 30, 2010, we had working capital of $106.3 million including cash and cash equivalents of $29.6 million.

Statement of Cash Flow
   
For the nine months Ended
September 30,
 
   
2010
 
2009
 
           
Net cash used in operating activities
 
  $ (1,677,319 )   $ (1,789,357 )
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities
 
    (1,060,323 )     1,279,879  
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities
 
    (3,045,723 )     2,340,805  
Effect of foreign currency translation on cash and cash equivalents
 
    455,432       (3,649 )
Net cash flow
    $ (5,327,933 )   $ 1,827,678  

Operating Activities

Net cash used by operating activities was approximately $1.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2010, as compared to approximately $1.8 million net cash provided by operating activities for the same period in 2009.  Net cash used by operating activities in the nine months ended September 30, 2010 was mainly due to a $19.9 million increase in accounts receivable, $9.7 million increase in costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings, $1.5 million increase in prepayments to related parties, and $1.3 million increase in prepayments and deferred expenses, offset by net income of $17.4 million, decrease of $1.2 million in notes receivable, $5.5 million increase of accrued liabilities, $1.2 million increase of taxes payable and increase of $2.3 million of non-cash compensation.

The increase of $19.9 million in accounts receivable was mainly attributable to slower payment by the Company’s clients in the iron and steel industry, which experienced industry weakness during the period. The increase of $9.7 million in costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings was mainly due to the increase in the aggregate value of projects where we have recognized revenues more than we have billed our customers.

As of September 30, 2010, out of the $105.0 million in gross accounts receivable and unbilled costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings, the Company believes that there was a portion  that would be collected in more than one year, based on our historical collection pattern. Currently, we are actively evaluating the amount of gross accounts receivable and unbilled costs and estimated earnings to be collected in more than one year. We expect to be able to disclose the estimated amount of gross accounts receivable and unbilled costs and estimated earnings to be collected in more than one year with its estimation method in our annual report for the fiscal year 2010 on Form 10-K.

 
46

 
Below is the aging schedule of our accounts receivable as of September 30, 2010:
Aging
 
1-90 Days
   
91-180 Day
   
181-360 Days
   
Above 1 year
   
Total
 
Amount
  $ 32,510,405     $ 4,240,397     $ 8,724,282     $ 16,573,933     $ 62,049,017  
Percentage
    52.4 %     6.8 %     14.1 %     26.7 %     100.0 %

The majority of the debtors to the accounts receivable over three months were leading State-Owned-Enterprises (SOE) in China’s iron and steel industry who have a relatively strong credibility for payment. Therefore, we believe there is limited risk for the non-collection of these accounts receivable balances in the future. We have provided allowance for bad debt risk on our balance sheet to cover any potential non-collection risk. In addition, recent industry-wide weakness in the iron and steel industry resulted in delays in payment from these customers. However, we believe there is limited risk of default in the future, as such customers are mainly State-Owned-Enterprises (SOE). Due to the nature of our business, most of our clients are “large-size repeat clients”, which means that our customers are the same companies, but on different projects at different locations in China. Therefore, our collection power of receivables with these customers is limited, as we must continue to bid for new contracts from these “large-size repeat clients” in the future. Furthermore, as our business requires only limited capital expenditure ($2 to $3 million per year) to maintain the growth, we believe there is no immediate need for us to convert our accounts receivable into cash through collection.

We establish an allowance for doubtful accounts based on management’s assessment of the collectability of our accounts receivable. In our judgment in assessing the size of the allowance, we consider the historical level of credit losses, apply percentages to aged receivable categories, make judgments on the creditworthiness of each customer based on ongoing credit evaluations, and monitor current economic trends that might impact the level of credit losses in the future. If the financial condition of the customers were to deteriorate, resulting in their inability to make payments, a larger allowance may be required. Based on the above assessment, during the reporting years, management established the general policy to make an allowance equivalent to the sum of 3% of accounts receivable between 3 months to 1 year, 15% of accounts receivable between 1 year to 2 years, 40% of accounts receivable between 2 years to 3 years and 100% of accounts receivable over 3 years. An additional specific provision is made against accounts receivable to the extent that they are considered to be doubtful. As most of the debtors to our accounts receivable are leading, large-size State-Owned-Enterprises (SOE) in China’s iron and steel industry, which have relatively strong credibility for payments, we believe there is limited risk of failure to collect the accounts receivable balances in the future. Based on the management’s assessment of the collectability of our accounts receivable and the historical experience in payment collection, we believe that the provision for the Company’s accounts receivable is sufficient for collection risk in the future.

As of December 31, 2009, there was $3.2 million of accounts receivable with aging of more than 3 years on our balance sheet. With recent enforcement in our accounts receivable collection efforts, we have successfully collected approximately $1.5 million out of the $3.2 million, at October 2010. This recent collection is also a factor in our belief that there is no need to write off any receivables from our balance sheet, as we have not observed any of our debtors to be in default or bankruptcy.

For the three months ended September 30, 2010, the ratio of unbilled costs and earnings to quarterly revenues was 1.9, compared to 1.5 for the three months ended September 30, 2009. The main reason that the ratio of unbilled costs and earnings to quarterly revenues increased significantly during recent quarters was the customers’ prolonged inspection and approval period for project completion in their administrative process and China’s iron and steel industry experiencing industry-wide weakness during recent quarters. As more than 70 percent of our revenues were from clients in the iron and steel industry, the prolonged inspection and approval period resulted in slower billing and invoicing for customers, leading to a higher ratio of unbilled costs and earnings to quarterly revenues.

Investing Activities

Net cash used in investing activities in the nine months ended September 30, 2010 was $1.1 million, as compared to net cash used in investing activities of $1.3 million in the same period of 2009. The cash used in investing activities in the nine months ended September 30, 2010 was mainly attributable to the capital expenditure in the purchase of new equipment.

Financing Activities
                                                                  
 
47

 
Net cash used in financing activities in the nine months ended September 30, 2010 was $3.0 million, as compared to $2.3 million provided by financing activities in the same period of 2009. The cash used in financing activities in the nine months ended September 30, 2010 was mainly attributable to the increase in restricted cash during the period.
 
As a result of the total cash activities, net cash decreased by approximately $5.3 million from December 31, 2009 to September 30, 2010. We believe that the currently available working capital of $106.1 million including cash and cash equivalents of $29.6 million is adequate to sustain our operations at their current level as well as our anticipated expansion.

In order to mitigate the adverse impact on liquidity of delays in customer payments, we expect to negotiate with our suppliers for a better payment term in order to slow down payments to suppliers in the future. However, due to the limited number of qualified suppliers available in the market, the potential delay in our payments to suppliers cannot significantly offset the adverse impact on liquidity of the delays in payments from our customers.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

Market risk is the risk of loss to future earnings, to fair values or to future cash flows that may result from changes in the price of a financial instrument. The value of a financial instrument may change as a result of changes in interest rates, exchange rates, commodity prices, equity prices and other market changes. Cash and cash equivalents are held for working capital purposes and consist primarily of bank deposits. We do not enter into investments for trading or speculative purposes.

Interest Rate Risk

We currently do not have any long-term debt. Exposure to interest rate risk primarily relates to the interest income generated by excess cash invested in demand deposits. We have not used derivative financial instruments in our investment portfolio in order to reduce interest rate risk. Interest earning instruments carry a degree of interest rate risk and our future interest income may change, depending on market interest rate movement.

Foreign Currency Risk

Our business is operated in the PRC and India, and its value is effectively denominated in Renminbi and Indian Rupees. The fluctuation of foreign exchange rate between U.S. dollars and Renminbi and U.S. dollars and Indian Rupees could affect the value of our common stock. Our revenues and expenses are primarily denominated in Renminbi and Indian Rupees, so our exposure to foreign exchange risks should generally be limited. We do not have material monetary assets and liabilities denominated in U.S. dollars, although to the extent that we do in the future, the fluctuation of foreign exchange rate would affect the value of these monetary assets and liabilities denominated in U.S. dollars. Generally, appreciation of Renminbi and Indian Rupees against U.S. dollars will devalue the assets and liabilities denominated in U.S. dollars, while devaluation of Renminbi and the Indian Rupee again U.S. dollars will appreciate the assets and liabilities denominated in U.S. dollar. In China and India, very limited hedging transactions are available to reduce our exposure to exchange rate fluctuations. To date, we have not entered into any hedging transactions in an effort to reduce our exposure to foreign currency exchange risk. While we may decide to enter into hedging transactions in the future, the availability and effectiveness of these hedges may be limited and we may not be able to successfully hedge our exposure.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures.

(a)   Evaluation of Disclosure Controls. As required by Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(b), our management has carried out an evaluation, under the supervision of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2010.

Disclosure controls and procedures refer to controls and other procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the SEC and that such

                                                                  
 
48

 
information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Based on that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective at September 30, 2010.

(b)   Changes in internal control over financial reporting. There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred in the third quarter of 2010 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
 
Item 1. Legal Proceedings

None.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

We have no material changes to the risk factors previously disclosed in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009.
 
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

None.
 
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.
 
Item 4. (Removed and Reserved)

Item 5. Other Information

None.

 
Item 6.  Exhibits
 
The following exhibits are hereby filed as part of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
 
Exhibit
Number:
 
Description
31.1
 
Certification of Chief Executive Officer under Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
     
31.2
 
Certification of Principal Accounting Officer under Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
     
32.1
 
Certifications Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, 18 U.S.C. Section 1350

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant certifies that it has duly caused this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
 
 
CHINA FIRE & SECURITY GROUP, INC.
   
Dated: November 9, 2010
By:
/s/ Brian Lin
   
Brian Lin
   
Chief Executive Officer
     
Dated: November 9, 2010
By:
/s/ Tongzhou Qin
   
Tongzhou Qin
   
Chief Financial Officer
 
 

                                                                  
 
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