As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 28, 2012
Securities Act File No. 333-132380
Investment Company Act File No. 811-21864
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM N-1A
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 | x | |||
Pre-Effective Amendment No. | ¨ | |||
Post-Effective Amendment No. 142 | x |
and/or
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940 | x | |||||
Amendment No. 144 | x |
(Check appropriate box or boxes.)
WISDOMTREE TRUST
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)
380 Madison Avenue
21st Floor
New York, NY 10017
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code)
1-866-909-9473
(Registrants Telephone Number, including Area Code)
JONATHAN STEINBERG
WISDOMTREE TRUST
380 Madison Avenue
21st Floor
New York, NY 10017
(Name and Address of Agent for Service)
Copies to:
W. John McGuire | Sarah English | |
Bingham McCutchen LLP | WisdomTree Asset Management, Inc. | |
2020 K Street NW | 380 Madison Avenue, 21st Floor | |
Washington, DC 20006 | New York, NY 10017 |
It is proposed that this filing will become effective (check appropriate box):
¨ | Immediately upon filing pursuant to paragraph (b) |
x | On January 1, 2013 pursuant to paragraph (b) |
¨ | 60 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(1) |
¨ | On (date) pursuant to paragraph (a)(1) |
¨ | 75 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) |
¨ | On (date) pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) of Rule 485. |
If appropriate, check the following box:
¨ | This post-effective amendment designates a new effective date for a previously filed post-effective amendment. |
PROSPECTUS
January 1, 2013
Income Funds
WisdomTree Trust
WisdomTree Currency Income Funds |
Brazilian Real Fund (BZF) |
Chinese Yuan Fund (CYB) |
Commodity Currency Fund (CCX) |
Emerging Currency Fund (CEW) |
Indian Rupee Fund (ICN) |
WisdomTree Fixed Income Funds |
Asia Local Debt Fund (ALD) |
Australia & New Zealand Debt Fund (AUNZ) |
Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund (EMCB) |
Emerging Markets Local Debt Fund (ELD) |
Euro Debt Fund (EU) |
Principal U.S. Listing Exchange: NYSE Arca, Inc. (except EMCB is listed on NASDAQ). |
THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION (SEC) HAS NOT APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED THESE SECURITIES OR PASSED UPON THE ADEQUACY OF THIS PROSPECTUS. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS A CRIMINAL OFFENSE.
WisdomTree Trust
INVESTMENT PRODUCTS: n ARE NOT FDIC INSURED n MAY LOSE VALUE n ARE NOT BANK GUARANTEED
WisdomTree Trust Prospectus | 1 |
WisdomTree Brazilian Real Fund
(Formerly, WisdomTree Dreyfus Brazilian Real Fund)
Investment Objective
The Fund seeks to achieve total returns reflective of both money market rates in Brazil available to foreign investors and changes in value of the Brazilian real relative to the U.S. dollar.
Fees and Expenses of the Fund
The following table describes the fees and expenses you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund. The fees are expressed as a percentage of the Funds average net assets.
Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment) | None | |||
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) |
||||
Management Fees |
0.45 | % | ||
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees |
None | |||
Other Expenses |
0.00 | % | ||
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses | 0.45 | % |
Example
The following example is intended to help retail investors compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. It illustrates the hypothetical expenses that such investors would incur over various periods if they invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of the shares at the end of those periods. This example assumes that the Fund provides a return of 5% a year and that operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions, your costs would be:
1 Year | 3 Years | 5 Years | 10 Years | |||||||||||||
$46 | $144 | $252 | $567 |
Investors may pay brokerage commissions on their purchases and sales of fund shares, which are not reflected in the example.
Portfolio Turnover
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or turns over its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the Example, affect the Funds performance. During the most recent fiscal year, there was no portfolio turnover rate for the Fund since the Fund invested in short-term securities with maturities less than or equal to 365 days, which are excluded from portfolio turnover calculations.
Principal Investment Strategies of the Fund
The Fund is an actively managed exchange traded fund (ETF) that seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing in short-term securities and instruments designed to provide exposure to Brazilian currency and money market rates. Because the market for money market securities in Brazil generally is less liquid and accessible to foreign investors than corresponding markets in more developed economies, the Fund intends to achieve exposure to Brazilian currency markets by investing primarily in short-term U.S. money market securities and forward currency contracts and swaps. The combination of U.S. money market securities with forward currency contracts and currency swaps is designed to provide exposure equivalent to money market securities denominated in Brazilian real. A forward currency contract is an agreement to buy or sell a specific currency at a future date at a price set at the time of the contract. A currency swap is an agreement between two parties to exchange one currency for another at a future rate. The Fund also may enter into repurchase agreements with counterparties that are deemed to present acceptable credit risks. A repurchase agreement is a transaction in which the Fund purchases securities or other obligations from a bank or securities dealer and simultaneously commits to resell them to a counterparty at an agreed-upon date or upon demand and at a price reflecting a market rate of interest unrelated to the coupon rate or maturity of the purchased obligations.
In order to attempt to reduce interest rate risk, the Fund generally will maintain a weighted average portfolio maturity of 90 days or less with respect to the money market securities in its portfolio. The Fund will not purchase any security with a remaining maturity of more than 397 calendar days. All U.S. money market securities acquired by the Fund will be rated in
2 | WisdomTree Trust Prospectus |
the upper two short-term ratings by at least two nationally recognized statistical rating organizations (NRSROs) or, if unrated, deemed to be of equivalent quality. The Fund does not seek to preserve capital in U.S. dollars.
The decision to secure exposure directly or indirectly will be a function of, among other things, market accessibility, credit exposure, and tax ramifications for foreign investors. If the Fund pursues direct investment, eligible investments include short-term securities issued by the Brazilian government and its agencies or instrumentalities, bank debt obligations and time deposits, bankers acceptances, commercial paper, short-term corporate debt obligations, mortgage-backed securities and asset-backed securities.
The Fund will invest, under normal circumstances, at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in investments whose combined performance is tied economically to Brazil. If, subsequent to an investment, the 80% requirement is no longer met, the Funds future investments will be made in a manner that will bring the Fund into compliance with this policy. The Trust will provide shareholders with sixty (60) days prior notice of any change to this policy for the Fund.
Principal Risks of Investing in the Fund
You can lose money on your investment in the Fund. The Fund is subject to the risks described below. Some or all of these risks may adversely affect the Funds net asset value per share (NAV), trading price, yield, total return and/or ability to meet its objective.
n | Investment Risk. As with all investments, an investment in the Fund is subject to investment risk. Investors in the Fund could lose money, including the possible loss of the entire principal amount of an investment, over short or long periods of time. |
n | Market Risk. The trading prices of currencies, fixed income securities and other instruments fluctuate in response to a variety of factors. The Funds NAV and market price may fluctuate significantly in response to these factors. As a result, an investor could lose money over short or long periods of time. |
n | Shares of the Fund May Trade at Prices Other Than NAV. Although it is expected that the market price of the shares of the Fund will approximate the Funds NAV when purchased and sold in the secondary market, there may be times when the market price of the shares is more than the NAV intra-day (premium) or less than the NAV intra-day (discount). This risk is heightened in times of market volatility or periods of steep market declines. |
n | Capital Controls Risk. Economic conditions, such as volatile currency exchange rates and interest rates, political events and other conditions may, without prior warning, lead to intervention by the government of Brazil and the imposition of capital controls. Capital controls include the prohibition of, or restrictions on, the ability to transfer currency, securities or other assets. Capital controls may impact the ability of the Fund to buy, sell or otherwise transfer securities or currency, adversely affect the trading market and price for shares of the Fund, and cause the Fund to decline in value. |
n | Cash Redemption Risk. The Funds investment strategy will require it to effect redemptions, in whole or in part, for cash. As a result, the Fund may pay out higher annual capital gain distributions than if the in-kind redemption process was used exclusively. |
n | Counterparty and Issuer Credit Risk. The financial condition of an issuer of a debt security or other instrument or a counterparty to a derivative or other contract may cause such issuer or counterparty to default, become unable to pay interest or principal due or otherwise fail to honor its obligations. While the Fund attempts to limit credit and counterparty exposure in a manner consistent with its investment objective, the value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning in response to issuer or counterparty defaults and changes in the credit ratings of the Funds portfolio investments. |
n | Currency Exchange Rate Risk. The Fund invests a significant portion of its assets in investments denominated in Brazilian real, or in securities that provide exposure to Brazilian real, currency exchange rates or interest rates denominated Brazilian real. Changes in currency exchange rates and the relative value of the Brazilian real will affect the value of the Funds investment and the value of your Fund shares. Currency exchange rates can be very volatile and can change quickly and unpredictably. As a result, the value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning and you may lose money. |
n | Derivatives Investment Risk. The Fund will invest in derivatives. Derivatives are subject to a number of risks described elsewhere in this Prospectus, such as interest rate risk, market risk, and credit risk. They also involve the risk that changes in the value of a derivative may not correlate perfectly with the underlying asset, rate or index, or that the counterparty to a derivative contract might default on its obligations. Derivatives can be volatile and may be less liquid than other securities. As a result, the value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning and you may lose money. |
WisdomTree Trust Prospectus | 3 |
n | Emerging Markets Risk. Investments in securities and instruments traded in developing or emerging markets, such as Brazil, or that provide exposure to such securities or markets, can involve additional risks relating to political, economic, or regulatory conditions not associated with investments in U.S. securities and instruments or investments in more developed international markets. Such conditions may impact the ability of the Fund to buy, sell or otherwise transfer securities, adversely affect the trading market and price for Fund shares, and cause the Fund to decline in value. |
n | Foreign Securities Risk. The Fund invests a significant portion of its assets in non-U.S. securities and instruments, or in securities that provide exposure to such instruments. Investments in non-U.S. securities and instruments involve certain risks that may not be present with investments in U.S. securities, including the risk of loss due to foreign currency fluctuations or to political or economic instability. |
n | Geographic Concentration in Brazil. Because the Fund concentrates its investments in Brazil, the Funds performance is expected to be closely tied to social, political, and economic conditions within Brazil and to be more volatile than the performance of more geographically diversified funds. The Brazilian economy is sensitive to fluctuations in commodity prices and commodity markets. Additionally, the Brazilian economy generally has experienced and may continue to experience high inflation rates. While the Brazilian economy has experienced growth in recent years, there is no guarantee that this growth will continue. The Brazilian government currently imposes significant taxes on the transfer of currency. These and other factors could have a negative impact on the Funds performance and increase the volatility of an investment in the Fund. |
n | Interest Rate Risk. Interest rate risk is the risk that fixed income securities will decline in value because of changes in interest rates and other factors, such as perception of an issuers creditworthiness. |
n | Issuer-Specific Risk. Issuer-specific events, including changes in the financial condition of an issuer, can have a negative impact on the value of the Fund. |
n | Non-Diversification Risk. The Fund is considered to be non-diversified, which means that it may invest more of its assets in the securities of a single issuer or a smaller number of issuers than if it were a diversified fund. To the extent the Fund invests a significant percentage of its assets in a limited number of issuers, the Fund is subject to the risks of investing in those few issuers, and may be more susceptible to a single adverse economic or regulatory occurrence. As a result, changes in the market value of a single security could cause greater fluctuations in the value of Fund shares than would occur in a diversified fund. |
n | Management Risk. The Fund is actively managed using proprietary investment strategies and processes. There can be no guarantee that these strategies and processes will be successful or that the Fund will achieve its investment objective. |
n | Offshore Investor Risk. The opportunity for offshore investors, such as the Fund, to access Brazilian markets can be limited due to a variety of factors including currency convertibility issues. These limitations and restrictions may adversely affect the availability, liquidity and pricing of securities in which the Fund seeks to invest. As a result, returns achieved by offshore investors, such as the Fund, could differ from those available to domestic investors in Brazil. |
n | Repurchase Agreement Risk. The Funds investment in repurchase agreements may be subject to market and credit risk with respect to the collateral securing the repurchase agreements. Investments in repurchase agreements also may be subject to the risk that the market value of the underlying obligations may decline prior to the expiration of the repurchase agreement term. |
n | Sovereign Debt Risk. Bonds issued by governments, sometimes referred to as sovereign debt, present risks not associated with investments in other types of bonds. The government or agency issuing the debt may be unable or unwilling to make interest payments and/or repay the principal owed. In such instance, the Fund may have limited recourse against the issuing government or agency. In the past, governments of emerging market countries have refused to honor their payment obligations on issued bonds. |
Fund Performance
Historical Fund performance, which varies over time, can provide an indication of the risks of investing in the Fund. The bar chart that follows shows the annual total returns of the Fund for each full calendar year since the Fund commenced operations. The table that follows the bar chart shows the Funds average annual total returns, both before and after taxes. The table also shows how the Funds performance compares to the JP Morgan Emerging Local Markets Index Plus Brazil, a relevant broad-based securities index. Index returns do not reflect deductions for fees, expenses or taxes. All returns assume reinvestment of dividends and distributions. The Funds past performance (before and after taxes) is not necessarily an indication of how the Fund will perform in the future.
4 | WisdomTree Trust Prospectus |
The Funds year-to-date total return as of September 30, 2012 was (3.18)%.
Best and Worst Quarter Returns (for the period reflected in the bar chart above)
Return | Quarter/Year | |||||||
Highest Return |
20.20 | % | Q2/09 | |||||
Lowest Return |
(14.50 | )% | Q3/11 |
After-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Your actual after-tax returns will depend on your tax situation and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns shown are not relevant to investors who hold their Fund shares through tax-deferred arrangements, such as 401(k) plans or individual retirement accounts. In some cases the return after taxes may exceed the return before taxes due to an assumed tax benefit from any losses on a sale of Fund shares at the end of the measurement period.
Average Annual Total Returns for the periods ending December 31, 2011
WisdomTree Brazilian Real Fund | 1 Year | Since Inception (5-14-2008) |
||||||
Return Before Taxes Based on NAV |
(5.06 | )% | 4.75 | % | ||||
Return After Taxes on Distributions |
(10.03 | )% | 2.18 | % | ||||
Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares |
(0.72 | )% | 3.16 | % | ||||
JP Morgan Emerging Local Markets Index Plus Brazil (Reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes) |
(4.16 | )% | 6.33 | % |
WisdomTree Trust Prospectus | 5 |
Management
Investment Adviser and Sub-Adviser
WisdomTree Asset Management, Inc. serves as the investment adviser to the Fund. Mellon Capital Management Corporation serves as the sub-adviser to the Fund.
Portfolio Managers
David C. Kwan, CFA, a Managing Director, Fixed Income, has been a portfolio manager of the Fund since its inception.
Zandra Zelaya, CFA, a Director, Fixed Income, has been a portfolio manager of the Fund since its inception.
Buying and Selling Fund Shares
The Fund is an ETF. This means that shares of the Fund are listed on a national securities exchange, such as NYSE Arca, Inc., and trade at market prices. Most investors will buy and sell shares of the Fund through brokers. Because Fund shares trade at market prices rather than NAV, shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (premium) or less than NAV (discount).
The Fund issues and redeems shares at NAV only in large blocks of shares (Creation Units), which only institutions or large investors may purchase or redeem. Currently, Creation Units generally consist of 200,000 shares, though this may change from time to time. Creation Units are not expected to consist of less than 50,000 shares. The Fund generally issues and redeems Creation Units in exchange for a portfolio of money market securities closely approximating the holdings of the Fund or a designated basket of non-U.S. currency and/or an amount of U.S. cash.
Tax Information
The Fund intends to make distributions that may be taxed as ordinary income or capital gains.
6 | WisdomTree Trust Prospectus |
(Formerly, WisdomTree Dreyfus Chinese Yuan Fund)
Investment Objective
The Fund seeks to achieve total returns reflective of both money market rates in China available to foreign investors and changes in value of the Chinese yuan relative to the U.S. dollar.
Fees and Expenses of the Fund
The following table describes the fees and expenses you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund. The fees are expressed as a percentage of the Funds average net assets.
Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment) | None | |||
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) |
||||
Management Fees |
0.45 | % | ||
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees |
None | |||
Other Expenses |
0.00 | % | ||
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses | 0.45 | % |
Example
The following example is intended to help retail investors compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. It illustrates the hypothetical expenses that such investors would incur over various periods if they invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of the shares at the end of those periods. This example assumes that the Fund provides a return of 5% a year and that operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions, your costs would be:
1 Year | 3 Years | 5 Years | 10 Years | |||||||||||||
$46 | $144 | $252 | $567 |
Investors may pay brokerage commissions on their purchases and sales of fund shares, which are not reflected in the example.
Portfolio Turnover
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or turns over its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the Example, affect the Funds performance. During the most recent fiscal year, there was no portfolio turnover rate for the Fund since the Fund invested in short-term securities with maturities less than or equal to 365 days, which are excluded from portfolio turnover calculations.
Principal Investment Strategies of the Fund
The Fund is an actively managed exchange traded fund (ETF) that seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing in short-term securities and instruments designed to provide exposure to Chinese currency and money market rates. Because the market for money market securities in China generally is less liquid and accessible to foreign investors than corresponding markets in more developed economies, the Fund intends to achieve exposure to currency markets in China using a variety of investments and investment techniques. For example, the Fund will invest in short-term U.S. money market securities and forward currency contracts and currency swaps that settle in U.S. dollars. The combination of U.S. money market securities and forward currency contracts and swaps is designed to provide exposure equivalent to money market securities denominated in Chinese yuan. A forward currency contract is an agreement to buy or sell a specific currency at a future date at a price set at the time of the contract. A currency swap is an agreement between two parties to exchange one currency for another at a future rate. The Fund also will invest in money market securities and other instruments, including forward currency contracts and swaps, denominated in Chinese yuan that trade and settle in Hong Kong and other markets outside of mainland China. The market for these yuan-denominated instruments is sometimes referred to as the CNH market. Eligible yuan-denominated investments include time deposits of commercial banks, short-term corporate debt, short-term debt issued by the government of China (including its agencies and instrumentalities), as well as short-term debt issued by supranational organizations (such as the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development). The Fund also may enter into repurchase agreements with counterparties that are deemed to present acceptable credit risks. A repurchase agreement is
WisdomTree Trust Prospectus | 7 |
a transaction in which the Fund purchases securities or other obligations from a bank or securities dealer and simultaneously commits to resell them to a counterparty at an agreed-upon date or upon demand and at a price reflecting a market rate of interest unrelated to the coupon rate or maturity of the purchased obligations.
The Fund generally will maintain a weighted average portfolio maturity of 90 days or less with respect to the money market securities in its portfolio. Forward currency contracts and swaps generally will be kept to an average term of six months or less.
The Fund will invest, under normal circumstances, at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in investments whose combined performance is economically tied to China. If subsequent to an investment, the 80% requirement is no longer met, the Funds future investments will be made in a manner that will bring the Fund into compliance with this policy. The Trust will provide shareholders with sixty (60) days prior notice of any change to this policy for the Fund.
Principal Risks of Investing in the Fund
You can lose money on your investment in the Fund. The Fund is subject to the risks described below. Some or all of these risks may adversely affect the Funds net asset value per share (NAV), trading price, yield, total return and/or ability to meet its objective.
n | Investment Risk. As with all investments, an investment in the Fund is subject to investment risk. Investors in the Fund could lose money, including the possible loss of the entire principal amount of an investment, over short or long periods of time. |
n | Market Risk. The trading prices of currencies, fixed income securities and other instruments fluctuate in response to a variety of factors. The Funds NAV and market price may fluctuate significantly within a wide range in response to these factors. As a result, an investor could lose money over short or long periods of time. |
n | Shares of the Fund May Trade at Prices Other Than NAV. Although it is expected that the market price of the shares of the Fund will approximate the Funds NAV when purchased and sold in the secondary market, there may be times when the market price of the shares is more than the NAV intra-day (premium) or less than the NAV intra-day (discount). This risk is heightened in times of market volatility or periods of steep market declines. |
n | Capital Controls Risk. Economic conditions, such as volatile currency exchange rates and interest rates, political events and other conditions may, without prior warning, lead to foreign government intervention and the imposition of capital controls. Capital controls include the prohibition of, or restrictions on, the ability to transfer currency, securities or other assets. Capital controls may impact the ability of the Fund to buy, sell or otherwise transfer securities or currency, adversely affect the trading market and price for shares of the Fund, and cause the Fund to decline in value. |
n | Cash Redemption Risk. The Funds investment strategy will require it to effect redemptions, in whole or in part, for cash. As a result, the Fund may pay out higher annual capital gain distributions than if the in-kind redemption process was used exclusively. |
n | Counterparty and Issuer Credit Risk. The financial condition of an issuer of a debt security or other instrument or a counterparty to a derivative or other contract may cause such issuer or counterparty to default, become unable to pay interest or principal due or otherwise fail to honor its obligations. While the Fund attempts to limit credit and counterparty exposure in a manner consistent with its investment objective, the value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning in response to issuer or counterparty defaults and changes in the credit ratings of the Funds portfolio investments. |
n | CNH Market Risk. While the CNH market is expected to continue to grow, it is relatively new and may not be as liquid as more established markets. In light of this, the Fund intends to manage its exposure to the CNH market in a prudent manner consistent with its investment objective. |
n | Currency Exchange Rate Risk. The Fund invests a significant portion of its assets in investments denominated in Chinese yuan, or in securities that provide exposure to Chinese yuan, currency exchange rates or interest rates denominated in Chinese yuan. Changes in currency exchange rates and the relative value of the Chinese yuan will affect the value of the Funds investment and the value of your Fund shares. Currency exchange rates can be very volatile and can change quickly and unpredictably. As a result, the value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning and you may lose money. |
n | Derivatives Investment Risk. The Fund will invest in derivatives. Derivatives are subject to a number of risks described elsewhere in this Prospectus, such as interest rate risk, market risk, and credit risk. They also involve the risk that changes in the value of a derivative may not correlate perfectly with the underlying asset, rate or index, or that the |
8 | WisdomTree Trust Prospectus |
counterparty to a derivative contract might default on its obligations. Derivatives can be volatile and may be less liquid than other securities. As a result, the value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning and you may lose money. |
n | Emerging Markets Risk. Investments in securities and instruments traded in developing or emerging markets, or that provide exposure to such securities or markets, can involve additional risks relating to political, economic, or regulatory conditions not associated with investments in U.S. securities and instruments or investments in more developed international markets. Such conditions may impact the ability of the Fund to buy, sell or otherwise transfer securities, adversely affect the trading market and price for Fund shares, and cause the Fund to decline in value. |
n | Foreign Securities Risk. The Fund invests a significant portion of its assets in non-U.S. securities and instruments, or in securities that provide exposure to such instruments. Investments in non-U.S. securities and instruments involve certain risks that may not be present with investments in U.S. securities, including the risk of loss due to foreign currency fluctuations or to political or economic instability. |
n | Geographic Concentration in China. Because the Fund concentrates its investments in China, the Funds performance is expected to be closely tied to social, political, and economic conditions within China and to be more volatile than the performance of more geographically diversified funds. The government of China maintains strict currency controls in order to achieve economic, trade and political objectives and regularly intervenes in the currency market. The Chinese government places strict regulation on the yuan and manages the yuan so that it has historically traded in a tight range relative to the U.S. dollar. The Chinese government has been under pressure to manage the currency in a less restrictive fashion so that it is less correlated to the U.S. dollar. It is expected that such action would increase the value of the yuan relative to the U.S. dollar. Of course, there can be no guarantee that this will occur, or that the yuan will move in relation to the U.S. dollar as expected. These and other factors could have a negative impact on the Funds performance and increase the volatility of an investment in the Fund. |
n | Interest Rate Risk. Interest rate risk is the risk that fixed income securities will decline in value because of changes in interest rates and other factors, such as perception of an issuers creditworthiness. |
n | Issuer-Specific Risk. Issuer-specific events, including changes in the financial condition of an issuer, can have a negative impact on the value of the Fund. |
n | Management Risk. The Fund is actively managed using proprietary investment strategies and processes. There can be no guarantee that these strategies and processes will be successful or that the Fund will achieve its investment objective. |
n | Non-Diversification Risk. The Fund is considered to be non-diversified, which means that it may invest more of its assets in the securities of a single issuer or a smaller number of issuers than if it were a diversified fund. To the extent the Fund invests a significant percentage of its assets in a limited number of issuers, the Fund is subject to the risks of investing in those few issuers, and may be more susceptible to a single adverse economic or regulatory occurrence. As a result, changes in the market value of a single security could cause greater fluctuations in the value of Fund shares than would occur in a diversified fund. |
n | Offshore Investor Risk. In addition to the general risks associated with investing in non-U.S. currencies and non-U.S. currency markets, there are special risks associated with investing in Chinese yuan or securities designed to provide exposure to Chinese yuan. The government of China maintains strict currency controls in support of economic, trade and political objectives and regularly intervenes in the currency market. The governments actions may not be transparent or predictable. As a result, the value of the yuan, and the value of securities designed to provide exposure to the yuan, can change quickly and arbitrarily. Furthermore, it is difficult for offshore investors to directly access money market securities in China because of investment and trading restrictions. These limitations and restrictions may impact the availability, liquidity, and pricing of securities designed to provide offshore investors with exposure to Chinese markets. As a result, returns achieved by offshore investors, such as the Fund, could differ from those available to domestic investors in China. |
n | Repurchase Agreement Risk. The Funds investment in repurchase agreements may be subject to market and credit risk with respect to the collateral securing the repurchase agreements. Investments in repurchase agreements also may be subject to the risk that the market value of the underlying obligations may decline prior to the expiration of the repurchase agreement term. |
n | Sovereign Debt Risk. Bonds issued by governments, sometimes referred to as sovereign debt, present risks not associated with investments in other types of bonds. The government or agency issuing the debt may be unable or unwilling to make interest payments and/or repay the principal owed. In such instance, the Fund may have limited recourse against the issuing government or agency. In the past, governments of emerging market countries have refused to honor their payment obligations on issued bonds. |
WisdomTree Trust Prospectus | 9 |
Fund Performance
Historical Fund performance, which varies over time, can provide an indication of the risks of investing in the Fund. The bar chart that follows shows the annual total returns of the Fund for each full calendar year since the Fund commenced operations. The table that follows the bar chart shows the Funds average annual total returns, both before and after taxes. The table also shows how the Funds performance compares to the JP Morgan Emerging Local Markets Index Plus China, a relevant broad-based securities index. Index returns do not reflect deductions for fees, expenses or taxes. All returns assume reinvestment of dividends and distributions. The Funds past performance (before and after taxes) is not necessarily an indication of how the Fund will perform in the future.
The Funds year-to-date total return as of September 30, 2012 was 0.71%.
Best and Worst Quarter Returns (for the period reflected in the bar chart above)
Return | Quarter/Year | |||||||
Highest Return |
1.75 | % | Q4/11 | |||||
Lowest Return |
(0.64 | )% | Q2/10 |
After-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Your actual after-tax returns will depend on your tax situation and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns shown are not relevant to investors who hold their Fund shares through tax-deferred arrangements, such as 401(k) plans or individual retirement accounts. In some cases the return after taxes may exceed the return before taxes due to an assumed tax benefit from any losses on a sale of Fund shares at the end of the measurement period.
Average Annual Total Returns for the periods ending December 31, 2011
WisdomTree Chinese Yuan Fund | 1 Year | Since Inception (5-14-2008) |
||||||
Return Before Taxes Based on NAV |
1.47 | % | 1.65 | % | ||||
Return After Taxes on Distributions |
0.97 | % | 1.31 | % | ||||
Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares |
1.22 | % | 1.25 | % | ||||
JP Morgan Emerging Local Markets Index Plus China (Reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes) |
3.06 | % | 3.15 | % |
10 | WisdomTree Trust Prospectus |
Management
Investment Adviser and Sub-Adviser
WisdomTree Asset Management, Inc. serves as the investment adviser to the Fund. Mellon Capital Management Corporation serves as the sub-adviser to the Fund.
Portfolio Managers
David C. Kwan, CFA, a Managing Director, Fixed Income, has been a portfolio manager of the Fund since its inception.
Zandra Zelaya, CFA, a Director, Fixed Income, has been a portfolio manager of the Fund since its inception.
Buying and Selling Fund Shares
The Fund is an ETF. This means that shares of the Fund are listed on a national securities exchange, such as NYSE Arca, Inc., and trade at market prices. Most investors will buy and sell shares of the Fund through brokers. Because Fund shares trade at market prices rather than NAV, shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (premium) or less than NAV (discount).
The Fund issues and redeems shares at NAV only in large blocks of shares (Creation Units), which only institutions or large investors may purchase or redeem. Currently, Creation Units generally consist of 200,000 shares, though this may change from time to time. Creation Units are not expected to consist of less than 50,000 shares. The Fund generally issues and redeems Creation Units in exchange for a portfolio of money market securities closely approximating the holdings of the Fund or a designated basket of non-U.S. currency and/or an amount of U.S. cash.
Tax Information
The Fund intends to make distributions that may be taxed as ordinary income or capital gains.
WisdomTree Trust Prospectus | 11 |
WisdomTree Commodity Currency Fund
(Formerly, WisdomTree Dreyfus Commodity Currency Fund)
Investment Objective
The Fund seeks to achieve total returns reflective of money market rates in selected commodity-producing countries and changes in value of such countries currencies relative to the U.S. dollar.
Fees and Expenses of the Fund
This table describes the fees and expenses you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund. The fees are expressed as a percentage of the Funds average net assets.
Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment) | None | |||
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) |
||||
Management Fees |
0.55 | % | ||
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees |
None | |||
Other Expenses |
0.00 | % | ||
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses | 0.55 | % |
Example
The following example is intended to help retail investors compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. It illustrates the hypothetical expenses that such investors would incur over various periods if they invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of the shares at the end of those periods. This example assumes that the Fund provides a return of 5% a year and that operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions, your costs would be:
1 Year | 3 Years | 5 Years | 10 Years | |||||||||||||
$56 | $176 | $307 | $689 |
Investors may pay brokerage commissions on their purchases and sales of Fund shares, which are not reflected in the example.
Portfolio Turnover
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or turns over its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the Example, affect the Funds performance. During the most recent fiscal year, there was no portfolio turnover rate for the Fund since the Fund invested in short-term securities with maturities less than or equal to 365 days, which are excluded from portfolio turnover calculations.
Principal Investment Strategies of the Fund
The Fund is designed to provide exposure to both the currencies and money market rates available to foreign investors in selected commodity-producing countries. The term commodity currency generally is used to describe the currency of a country whose economic success is commonly identified with the production and export of commodities (such as precious metals, oil, agricultural products or other raw materials) and whose value is closely linked to the value of such commodities. As the demand for, or price of, such commodities increases, money tends to flow into the country. This generally lifts the countrys economic prospects and supports the value of its currency. Conversely, declines in the demand for, or value of, such commodities historically have contributed to declines in the relative value of these countries currencies.
The Fund intends to invest in commodity-producing countries, such as Australia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Indonesia, Malaysia, New Zealand, Norway, Peru, Russia and South Africa. This list may change based on market developments. In addition to seeking broad exposure across countries and currencies, the Fund intends to seek exposure across currencies correlated to each of the key commodity groups: industrial metals, precious metals, energy, agriculture and livestock. The Fund generally will invest only in currencies that float relative to other currencies. The value of a floating currency is largely determined by supply and demand and prevailing market rates. In contrast, the value of a fixed currency generally is set by a government or central bank at an official exchange rate. The Fund generally does not intend to invest in
12 | WisdomTree Trust Prospectus |
the currencies of notable commodity producers, such as Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates, since they are fixed or otherwise closely linked to the U.S. dollar. The Fund will only invest in currencies that it deems to be sufficiently liquid and accessible.
The Fund is an actively managed exchange traded fund (ETF) that seeks to achieve exposure to money market rates of selected commodity-producing countries by investing primarily in short-term U.S. money market securities, forward currency contracts, currency swaps and interest rate swaps. The combination of money market securities with forward currency contracts and interest rate and currency swaps is designed to provide exposure equivalent to money market securities denominated in a non-U.S. currency. A forward currency contract is an agreement to buy or sell a specific currency at a future date at a price set at the time of the contract. An interest rate swap involves the exchange of a floating interest rate payment for a fixed interest payment. A currency swap is an agreement between two parties to exchange one currency for another at a future rate. The Fund also may enter into repurchase agreements with counterparties that are deemed to present acceptable credit risks. A repurchase agreement is a transaction in which the Fund purchases securities or other obligations from a bank or securities dealer and simultaneously commits to resell them to a counterparty at an agreed-upon date or upon demand and at a price reflecting a market rate of interest unrelated to the coupon rate or maturity of the purchased obligations.
In order to reduce interest rate risk, the Fund generally expects to maintain an average portfolio maturity of 90 days or less. The average portfolio maturity of the Fund is the average of all the current maturities of the individual securities in the Funds portfolio. Average portfolio maturity is important to investors as an indication of the Funds sensitivity to changes in interest rates. Funds with longer portfolio maturities generally are subject to greater interest rate risk. All money market securities acquired by the Fund will be rated in the upper two short-term ratings by at least two nationally recognized statistical rating organizations (NRSROs) or, if unrated, deemed to be of equivalent quality.
The Fund will invest, under normal circumstances, at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in investments whose combined performance is tied economically to selected commodity-producing countries. If, subsequent to an investment, the 80% requirement is no longer met, the Funds future investments will be made in a manner that will bring the Fund into compliance with this policy. The Trust will provide shareholders with sixty (60) days prior notice of any change to this policy for the Fund.
Principal Risks of Investing in the Fund
You can lose money on your investment in the Fund. The Fund is subject to the risks described below. Some or all of these risks may adversely affect the Funds net asset value per share (NAV), trading price, yield, total return and/or ability to meet its objectives.
n | Investment Risk. As with all investments, an investment in the Fund is subject to investment risk. Investors in the Fund could lose money, including the possible loss of the entire principal amount of an investment, over short or long periods of time. |
n | Market Risk. The trading prices of currencies, fixed income securities and other instruments fluctuate in response to a variety of factors. The Funds NAV and market price may fluctuate significantly in response to these factors. As a result, an investor could lose money over short or long periods of time. |
n | Shares of the Fund May Trade at Prices Other Than NAV. Although it is expected that the market price of the shares of the Fund will approximate the Funds NAV when purchased and sold in the secondary market, there may be times when the market price of the shares is more than the NAV intra-day (premium) or less than the NAV intra-day (discount). This risk is heightened in times of market volatility or periods of steep market declines. |
n | Cash Redemption Risk. The Funds investment strategy will require it to effect redemptions, in whole or in part, for cash. As a result, the Fund may pay out higher annual capital gain distributions than if the in-kind redemption process was used exclusively. |
n | Commodity Country Risk. The Fund invests a significant portion of its assets in investments designed to provide exposure to both the currencies and money market rates available to foreign investors in selected commodity-producing countries. Commodity-producing countries are vulnerable to the volatility in the demand for commodities. Declines in demand for commodities produced by a particular country may occur quickly and without warning and may negatively impact the value of the Fund and your investment. |
n | Counterparty and Issuer Credit Risk. The financial condition of an issuer of a debt security or other instrument or a counterparty to a derivative or other contract may cause such issuer or counterparty to default, become unable to pay interest or principal due or otherwise fail to honor its obligations. While the Fund attempts to limit credit and counterparty exposure in a manner consistent with its investment objective, the value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning in response to issuer or counterparty defaults and changes in the credit ratings of the Funds portfolio investments. |
WisdomTree Trust Prospectus | 13 |
n | Currency Exchange Rate Risk. The Fund invests a significant portion of its assets in investments denominated in non-U.S. currencies, or in securities that provide exposure to such currencies, currency exchange rates or interest rates denominated in such currencies. Changes in currency exchange rates and the relative value of non-U.S. currencies will affect the value of the Funds investment and the value of your Fund shares. Currency exchange rates can be very volatile and can change quickly and unpredictably. As a result, the value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning and you may lose money. |
n | Derivatives Investment Risk. The Fund will invest in derivatives. Derivatives are subject to a number of risks described elsewhere in this Prospectus, such as interest rate risk, market risk, and credit risk. They also involve the risk that changes in the value of a derivative may not correlate perfectly with the underlying asset, rate or index, or that the counterparty to a derivative contract might default on its obligations. Derivatives can be volatile and may be less liquid than other securities. As a result, the value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning and you may lose money. |
n | Emerging Markets Risk. Investments in securities and instruments traded in developing or emerging markets, or that provide exposure to such securities or markets, can involve additional risks relating to political, economic, or regulatory conditions not associated with investments in U.S. securities and instruments or investments in more developed international markets. For example, developing or emerging market governments may, without prior warning, impose capital controls on the ability to transfer currency, securities or other assets. The Funds ability to access certain developing or emerging markets also may be limited due to a variety of factors, including currency convertibility issues. Such conditions may impact the ability of the Fund to buy, sell or otherwise transfer securities or currency, cause the Funds returns to differ from those available to domestic investors, adversely affect the trading market and price for Fund shares, and cause the Fund to decline in value. |
n | Foreign Securities Risk. The Fund invests a significant portion of its assets in non-U.S. securities and instruments, or in securities that provide exposure to such instruments. Investments in non-U.S. securities and instruments involve certain risks that may not be present with investments in U.S. securities, including the risk of loss due to foreign currency fluctuations or to political or economic instability. |
n | Interest Rate Risk. Interest rate risk is the risk that fixed income securities will decline in value because of changes in interest rates and other factors, such as perception of an issuers creditworthiness. |
n | Issuer-Specific Risk. Issuer-specific events, including changes in the financial condition of an issuer, can have a negative impact on the value of the Fund. |
n | Management Risk. The Fund is actively managed using proprietary investment strategies and processes. There can be no guarantee that these strategies and processes will be successful or that the Fund will achieve its investment objective. |
n | Non-Diversification Risk. The Fund is considered to be non-diversified, which means that it may invest more of its assets in the securities of a single issuer or a smaller number of issuers than if it were a diversified fund. To the extent the Fund invests a significant percentage of its assets in a limited number of issuers, the Fund is subject to the risks of investing in those few issuers, and may be more susceptible to a single adverse economic or regulatory occurrence. As a result, changes in the market value of a single security could cause greater fluctuations in the value of Fund shares than would occur in a diversified fund. |
n | Repurchase Agreement Risk. The Funds investment in repurchase agreements may be subject to market and credit risk with respect to the collateral securing the repurchase agreements. Investments in repurchase agreements also may be subject to the risk that the market value of the underlying obligations may decline prior to the expiration of the repurchase agreement term. |
14 | WisdomTree Trust Prospectus |
Fund Performance
Historical Fund performance, which varies over time, can provide an indication of the risks of investing in the Fund. The bar chart that follows shows the annual total returns of the Fund for each full calendar year since the Fund commenced operations. The table that follows the bar chart shows the Funds average annual total returns, both before and after taxes. The table also shows how the Funds performance compares to the Barclays Capital Commodity Producers Currency Index (CPCI-6), a relevant broad-based securities index. Index returns do not reflect deductions for fees, expenses or taxes. All returns assume reinvestment of dividends and distributions. The Funds past performance (before and after taxes) is not necessarily an indication of how the Fund will perform in the future.
The Funds year-to-date total return as of September 30, 2012 was 4.87%.
Best and Worst Quarter Returns (for the period reflected in the bar chart above)
Return | Quarter/Year | |||||||
Highest Return |
3.66 | % | Q2/11 | |||||
Lowest Return |
(10.26 | )% | Q3/11 |
After-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Your actual after-tax returns will depend on your tax situation and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns shown are not relevant to investors who hold their Fund shares through tax-deferred arrangements, such as 401(k) plans or individual retirement accounts. In some cases the return after taxes may exceed the return before taxes due to an assumed tax benefit from any losses on a sale of Fund shares at the end of the measurement period.
Average Annual Total Returns for the periods ending December 31, 2011
WisdomTree Commodity Currency Fund | 1 Year | Since Inception (9-24-2010) |
||||||
Return Before Taxes Based on NAV |
(3.09 | )% | 1.28 | % | ||||
Return After Taxes on Distributions |
(7.70 | )% | (2.59 | )% | ||||
Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares |
0.15 | % | (0.34 | )% | ||||
Barclays Capital Commodity Producers Currency Index (CPCI-6) (Reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes) |
(3.56 | )% | (0.60 | )% |
WisdomTree Trust Prospectus | 15 |
Management
Investment Adviser and Sub-Adviser
WisdomTree Asset Management, Inc. serves as the investment adviser to the Fund. Mellon Capital Management Corporation serves as the sub-adviser to the Fund.
Portfolio Managers
David C. Kwan, CFA, a Managing Director, Fixed Income, has been a portfolio manager of the Fund since September 2010.
Zandra Zelaya, CFA, a Director, Fixed Income, has been a portfolio manager of the Fund since September 2010.
Buying and Selling Fund Shares
The Fund is an ETF. This means that shares of the Fund are listed on a national securities exchange, such as NYSE Arca, Inc., and trade at market prices. Most investors will buy and sell shares of the Fund through brokers. Because Fund shares trade at market prices rather than NAV, shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (premium) or less than NAV (discount).
The Fund issues and redeems shares at NAV only in large blocks of shares (Creation Units), which only institutions or large investors purchase or redeem. Currently, Creation Units generally consist of 100,000 shares, although this may change from time to time. Creation Units are not expected to consist of less than 50,000 shares. The Fund generally issues and redeems Creation Units in exchange for a portfolio of money market securities closely approximating the holdings of the Fund or a designated basket of non-U.S. currency and/or an amount of U.S. cash.
Tax Information
The Fund intends to make distributions that may be taxed as ordinary income or capital gains.
16 | WisdomTree Trust Prospectus |
WisdomTree Emerging Currency Fund
(Formerly, WisdomTree Dreyfus Emerging Currency Fund)
Investment Objective
The Fund seeks to achieve total returns reflective of both money market rates in selected emerging market countries available to foreign investors and changes to the value of these currencies relative to the U.S. dollar.
Fees and Expenses of the Fund
The following table describes the fees and expenses you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund. The fees are expressed as a percentage of the Funds average net assets.
Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment) | None | |||
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) |
||||
Management Fees |
0.55 | % | ||
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees |
None | |||
Other Expenses |
0.00 | % | ||
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses | 0.55 | % |
Example
The following example is intended to help retail investors compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. It illustrates the hypothetical expenses that such investors would incur over various periods if they invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of the shares at the end of those periods. This example assumes that the Fund provides a return of 5% a year and that operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions, your costs would be:
1 Year | 3 Years | 5 Years | 10 Years | |||||||||||||
$56 | $176 | $307 | $689 |
Investors may pay brokerage commissions on their purchases and sales of fund shares, which are not reflected in the example.
Portfolio Turnover
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or turns over its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the Example, affect the Funds performance. During the most recent fiscal year, there was no portfolio turnover rate for the Fund since the Fund invested in short-term securities with maturities less than or equal to 365 days, which are excluded from portfolio turnover calculations.
Principal Investment Strategies of the Fund
The Fund is an actively managed exchange traded fund (ETF) that seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing in short-term securities and instruments designed to provide exposure to the currencies and money market rates of selected emerging market countries.
The Fund seeks to provide exposure to currencies and money market rates from emerging and developing economies in three regions of the world: (i) Asia, (ii) Latin America and (iii) Europe, the Middle East and Africa. Within these regions, the Fund intends to invest in a subset of the following markets: Brazil, Chile, China, Colombia, Czech Republic, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Mexico, Peru, the Philippines, Poland, Russia, South Africa, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, and Turkey. This list may change based on market developments. The Fund attempts to achieve exposure to the most liquid currencies within each of the three broad regions, while at the same time maintaining geographic and economic diversity across these regions. The specific set of currencies is selected on the annual assessment date each year (typically in August) and generally remains the same throughout the year. The selected currencies are equally weighted in terms of U.S. dollar value at the annual assessment date. The Fund is rebalanced quarterly in order to maintain this equal weighting. In order to maintain geographic diversity, the Funds exposure to each of the three broad geographic regions is limited to 55% of its total asset value on the annual assessment date and at each quarterly rebalancing. More frequent rebalancing may occur in response to significant market events. A significant event might include, for example, market conditions that significantly disrupt liquidity or result in the reclassification of a currency (from emerging to developed, for example). Currencies that generally would be considered liquid may be ineligible for investment or dropped from the Fund as a result of government action or other market events if the Funds adviser believes doing so would be in the best interest of the Fund.
WisdomTree Trust Prospectus | 17 |
Because the market for money market securities in the selected emerging markets generally is less liquid and accessible to foreign investors than corresponding markets in more developed countries, the Fund intends to achieve exposure to these markets by investing primarily in short-term U.S. money market securities and forward currency contracts and swaps of the constituent currencies. The combination of U.S. money market securities with forward currency contracts and currency swaps is designed to provide exposure equivalent to money market securities denominated in currencies of the selected markets in which the Fund invests. In aggregate, the Funds investments should create exposure that is economically similar to a basket of money market securities denominated in each of the selected currencies. A forward currency contract is an agreement to buy or sell a specific currency at a future date at a price set at the time of the contract. A currency swap is an agreement between two parties to exchange one currency for another at a future rate. The Fund also may enter into repurchase agreements with counterparties that are deemed to present acceptable credit risks. A repurchase agreement is a transaction in which the Fund purchases securities or other obligations from a bank or securities dealer and simultaneously commits to resell them to a counterparty at an agreed-upon date or upon demand and at a price reflecting a market rate of interest unrelated to the coupon rate or maturity of the purchased obligations.
In order to attempt to reduce interest rate risk, the Fund generally will maintain a weighted average portfolio maturity of 90 days or less with respect to the money market securities in its portfolio. The Fund will not purchase any security with a remaining maturity of more than 397 calendar days. All U.S. money market securities acquired by the Fund will be rated in the upper two short-term ratings by at least two nationally recognized statistical rating organizations (NRSROs) or, if unrated, deemed to be of equivalent quality. The Fund does not seek to preserve capital in U.S. dollars.
The decision to secure exposure directly or indirectly will be a function of, among other things, market accessibility, credit exposure, and tax ramifications for foreign investors. If the Fund pursues direct investment, eligible investments include short-term securities issued by emerging market governments and their agencies or instrumentalities, bank debt obligations and time deposits, bankers acceptances, commercial paper, short-term corporate debt obligations, mortgage-backed securities, and asset-backed securities.
The Fund will invest, under normal circumstances, at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in investments whose combined performance is tied economically to selected emerging market countries. If, subsequent to an investment, the 80% requirement is no longer met, the Funds future investments will be made in a manner that will bring the Fund into compliance with this policy. The Trust will provide shareholders with sixty (60) days prior notice of any change to this policy for the Fund.
Principal Risks of Investing in the Fund
You can lose money on your investment in the Fund. The Fund is subject to the risks described below. Some or all of these risks may adversely affect the Funds net asset value per share (NAV), trading price, yield, total return and/or ability to meet its objective.
n | Investment Risk. As with all investments, an investment in the Fund is subject to investment risk. Investors in the Fund could lose money, including the possible loss of the entire principal amount of an investment, over short or long periods of time. |
n | Market Risk. The trading prices of currencies, fixed income securities and other instruments fluctuate in response to a variety of factors. The Funds NAV and market price may fluctuate significantly in response to these factors. As a result, an investor could lose money over short or long periods of time. |
n | Shares of the Fund May Trade at Prices Other Than NAV. Although it is expected that the market price of the shares of the Fund will approximate the Funds NAV when purchased and sold in the secondary market, there may be times when the market price of the shares is more than the NAV intra-day (premium) or less than the NAV intra-day (discount). This risk is heightened in times of market volatility or periods of steep market declines. |
n | Cash Redemption Risk. The Funds investment strategy will require it to effect redemptions, in whole or in part, for cash. As a result, the Fund may pay out higher annual capital gain distributions than if the in-kind redemption process was used exclusively. |
n | Counterparty and Issuer Credit Risk. The financial condition of an issuer of a debt security or other instrument or a counterparty to a derivative or other contract may cause such issuer or counterparty to default, become unable to pay interest or principal due or otherwise fail to honor its obligations. While the Fund attempts to limit credit and counterparty exposure in a manner consistent with its investment objective, the value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning in response to issuer or counterparty defaults and changes in the credit ratings of the Funds portfolio investments. |
n | Currency Exchange Rate Risk. The Fund invests a significant portion of its assets in investments denominated in non-U.S. currencies, or in securities that provide exposure to such currencies, currency exchange rates or interest rates |
18 | WisdomTree Trust Prospectus |
denominated in such currencies. Changes in currency exchange rates and the relative value of non-U.S. currencies will affect the value of the Funds investment and the value of your Fund shares. Currency exchange rates can be very volatile and can change quickly and unpredictably. As a result, the value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning and you may lose money. |
n | Derivatives Investment Risk. The Fund will invest in derivatives. Derivatives are subject to a number of risks described elsewhere in this Prospectus, such as interest rate risk, market risk, and credit risk. They also involve the risk that changes in the value of a derivative may not correlate perfectly with the underlying asset, rate or index, or that the counterparty to a derivative contract might default on its obligations. Derivatives can be volatile and may be less liquid than other securities. As a result, the value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning and you may lose money. |
n | Emerging Markets Risk. Investments in securities and instruments traded in developing or emerging markets, or that provide exposure to such securities or markets, can involve additional risks relating to political, economic, or regulatory conditions not associated with investments in U.S. securities and instruments or investments in more developed international markets. For example, developing or emerging market governments may, without prior warning, impose capital controls on the ability to transfer currency, securities or other assets. The Funds ability to access certain developing or emerging markets also may be limited due to a variety of factors, including currency convertibility issues. Such conditions may impact the ability of the Fund to buy, sell or otherwise transfer securities or currency, cause the Funds returns to differ from those available to domestic investors, adversely affect the trading market and price for Fund shares, and cause the Fund to decline in value. |
n | Foreign Securities Risk. The Fund invests a significant portion of its assets in non-U.S. securities and instruments, or in securities that provide exposure to such instruments. Investments in non-U.S. securities and instruments involve certain risks that may not be present with investments in U.S. securities, including the risk of loss due to foreign currency fluctuations or to political or economic instability. |
n | Interest Rate Risk. Interest rate risk is the risk that fixed income securities will decline in value because of changes in interest rates and other factors, such as perception of an issuers creditworthiness. |
n | Issuer-Specific Risk. Issuer-specific events, including changes in the financial condition of an issuer, can have a negative impact on the value of the Fund. |
n | Management Risk. The Fund is actively managed using proprietary investment strategies and processes. There can be no guarantee that these strategies and processes will be successful or that the Fund will achieve its investment objective. |
n | Non-Diversification Risk. The Fund is considered to be non-diversified, which means that it may invest more of its assets in the securities of a single issuer or a smaller number of issuers than if it were a diversified fund. To the extent the Fund invests a significant percentage of its assets in a limited number of issuers, the Fund is subject to the risks of investing in those few issuers, and may be more susceptible to a single adverse economic or regulatory occurrence. As a result, changes in the market value of a single security could cause greater fluctuations in the value of Fund shares than would occur in a diversified fund. |
n | Repurchase Agreement Risk. The Funds investment in repurchase agreements may be subject to market and credit risk with respect to the collateral securing the repurchase agreements. Investments in repurchase agreements also may be subject to the risk that the market value of the underlying obligations may decline prior to the expiration of the repurchase agreement term. |
WisdomTree Trust Prospectus | 19 |
Fund Performance
Historical Fund performance, which varies over time, can provide an indication of the risks of investing in the Fund. The bar chart that follows shows the annual total returns of the Fund for each full calendar year since the Fund commenced operations. The table that follows the bar chart shows the Funds average annual total returns, both before and after taxes. The table also shows how the Funds performance compares to the JP Morgan Emerging Local Markets Index Plus, a relevant broad-based securities index. Index returns do not reflect deductions for fees, expenses or taxes. All returns assume reinvestment of dividends and distributions. The Funds past performance (before and after taxes) is not necessarily an indication of how the Fund will perform in the future.
The Funds year-to-date total return as of September 30, 2012 was 5.26%.
Best and Worst Quarter Returns (for the period reflected in the bar chart above)
Return | Quarter/Year | |||||||
Highest Return |
7.76 | % | Q3/10 | |||||
Lowest Return |
(10.50 | )% | Q3/11 |
After-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Your actual after-tax returns will depend on your tax situation and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns shown are not relevant to investors who hold their Fund shares through tax-deferred arrangements, such as 401(k) plans or individual retirement accounts. In some cases the return after taxes may exceed the return before taxes due to an assumed tax benefit from any losses on a sale of Fund shares at the end of the measurement period.
Average Annual Total Returns for the periods ending December 31, 2011
WisdomTree Emerging Currency Fund | 1 Year |
Since Inception (5-6-2009) |
||||||
Return Before Taxes Based on NAV |
(7.44 | )% | 3.33 | % | ||||
Return After Taxes on Distributions |
(8.94 | )% | 2.33 | % | ||||
Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares |
(4.69 | )% | 2.41 | % | ||||
JP Morgan Emerging Local Markets Index Plus (Reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes) |
(5.19 | )% | 3.74 | % |
20 | WisdomTree Trust Prospectus |
Management
Investment Adviser and Sub-Adviser
WisdomTree Asset Management, Inc. serves as the investment adviser to the Fund. Mellon Capital Management Corporation serves as the sub-adviser to the Fund.
Portfolio Managers
David C. Kwan,CFA,a Managing Director, Fixed Income, has been a portfolio manager of the Fund since its inception.
Zandra Zelaya, CFA, a Director, Fixed Income, has been a portfolio manager of the Fund since its inception.
Buying and Selling Fund Shares
The Fund is an ETF. This means that shares of the Fund are listed on a national securities exchange, such as NYSE Arca, Inc., and trade at market prices. Most investors will buy and sell shares of the Fund through brokers. Because Fund shares trade at market prices rather than NAV, shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (premium) or less than NAV (discount).
The Fund issues and redeems shares at NAV only in large blocks of shares (Creation Units), which only institutions or large investors may purchase or redeem. Currently, Creation Units generally consist of 100,000 shares, though this may change from time to time. Creation Units are not expected to consist of less than 50,000 shares. The Fund generally issues and redeems Creation Units in exchange for a portfolio of money market securities closely approximating the holdings of the Fund or a designated basket of non-U.S. currency and/or an amount of U.S. cash.
Tax Information
The Fund intends to make distributions that may be taxed as ordinary income or capital gains.
WisdomTree Trust Prospectus | 21 |
(Formerly, WisdomTree Dreyfus Indian Rupee Fund)
Investment Objective
The Fund seeks to achieve total returns reflective of both money market rates in India available to foreign investors and changes in value of the Indian rupee relative to the U.S. dollar.
Fees and Expenses of the Fund
The following table describes the fees and expenses you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund. The fees are expressed as a percentage of the Funds average net assets.
Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment) | None | |||
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) |
||||
Management Fees |
0.45 | % | ||
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees |
None | |||
Other Expenses |
0.00 | % | ||
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses | 0.45 | % |
Example
The following example is intended to help retail investors compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. It illustrates the hypothetical expenses that such investors would incur over various periods if they invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of the shares at the end of those periods. This example assumes that the Fund provides a return of 5% a year and that operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions, your costs would be:
1 Year | 3 Years | 5 Years | 10 Years | |||||||||||||
$46 | $144 | $252 | $567 |
Investors may pay brokerage commissions on their purchases and sales of fund shares, which are not reflected in the example.
Portfolio Turnover
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or turns over its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the Example, affect the Funds performance. During the most recent fiscal year, there was no portfolio turnover rate for the Fund since the Fund invested in short-term securities with maturities less than or equal to 365 days, which are excluded from portfolio turnover calculations.
Principal Investment Strategies of the Fund
The Fund is an actively managed exchange traded fund (ETF) that seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing in short-term securities designed to provide exposure to Indian currency and money market rates. Because the market for money market securities in India generally is less liquid and accessible to foreign investors than corresponding markets in other countries, the Fund intends to achieve exposure to currency markets in India by investing primarily in short-term U.S. money market securities and forward currency contracts and swaps. The combination of U.S. money market securities with forward currency contracts and currency swaps is designed to provide exposure equivalent to money market securities denominated in Indian rupees. A forward currency contract is an agreement to buy or sell a specific currency at a future date at a price set at the time of the contract. A currency swap is an agreement between two parties to exchange one currency for another at a future rate. The Fund also may enter into repurchase agreements with counterparties that are deemed to present acceptable credit risks. A repurchase agreement is a transaction in which the Fund purchases securities or other obligations from a bank or securities dealer and simultaneously commits to resell them to a counterparty at an agreed-upon date or upon demand and at a price reflecting a market rate of interest unrelated to the coupon rate or maturity of the purchased obligations.
In order to attempt to reduce interest rate risk, the Fund generally will maintain a weighted average portfolio maturity of 90 days or less with respect to the money market securities in its portfolio. The Fund will not purchase any security with a remaining maturity of more than 397 calendar days. All U.S. money market securities acquired by the Fund will be rated in the upper two short-term ratings by at least two nationally recognized statistical rating organizations (NRSROs) or, if unrated, deemed to be of equivalent quality. The Fund does not seek to preserve capital in U.S. dollars.
22 | WisdomTree Trust Prospectus |
The decision to secure exposure directly or indirectly will be a function of, among other things, market accessibility, credit exposure, and tax ramifications for foreign investors. If the Fund pursues direct investment, eligible investments include short-term securities issued by the government of India and its agencies or instrumentalities, bank debt obligations and time deposits, bankers acceptances, commercial paper, short-term corporate debt obligations, mortgage-backed securities and asset-backed securities.
The Fund will invest, under normal circumstances, at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in investments whose combined performance is tied economically to India. If, subsequent to an investment, the 80% requirement is no longer met, the Funds future investments will be made in a manner that will bring the Fund into compliance with this policy. The Trust will provide shareholders with sixty (60) days prior notice of any change to this policy for the Fund.
Principal Risks of Investing in the Fund
You can lose money on your investment in the Fund. The Fund is subject to the risks described below. Some or all of these risks may adversely affect the Funds net asset value per share (NAV), trading price, yield, total return and/or ability to meet its objective.
n | Investment Risk. As with all investments, an investment in the Fund is subject to investment risk. Investors in the Fund could lose money, including the possible loss of the entire principal amount of an investment, over short or long periods of time. |
n | Market Risk. The trading prices of currencies, fixed income securities and other instruments fluctuate in response to a variety of factors. The Funds NAV and market price may fluctuate significantly in response to these factors. As a result, an investor could lose money over short or long periods of time. |
n | Shares of the Fund May Trade at Prices Other Than NAV. Although it is expected that the market price of the shares of the Fund will approximate the Funds NAV when purchased and sold in the secondary market, there may be times when the market price of the shares is more than the NAV intra-day (premium) or less than the NAV intra-day (discount). This risk is heightened in times of market volatility or periods of steep market declines. |
n | Cash Redemption Risk. The Funds investment strategy will require it to effect redemptions, in whole or in part, for cash. As a result, the Fund may pay out higher annual capital gain distributions than if the in-kind redemption process was used exclusively. |
n | Counterparty and Issuer Credit Risk. The financial condition of an issuer of a debt security or other instrument or a counterparty to a derivative or other contract may cause such issuer or counterparty to default, become unable to pay interest or principal due or otherwise fail to honor its obligations. While the Fund attempts to limit credit and counterparty exposure in a manner consistent with its investment objective, the value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning in response to issuer or counterparty defaults and changes in the credit ratings of the Funds portfolio investments. |
n | Currency Exchange Rate Risk. The Fund invests a significant portion of its assets in investments denominated in Indian rupees, or in securities that provide exposure to Indian rupees, currency exchange rates or interest rates denominated in Indian rupees. Changes in currency exchange rates and the relative value of the Indian rupee will affect the value of the Funds investment and the value of your Fund shares. Currency exchange rates can be very volatile and can change quickly and unpredictably. As a result, the value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning and you may lose money. |
n | Derivatives Investment Risk. The Fund will invest in derivatives. Derivatives are subject to a number of risks described elsewhere in this Prospectus, such as interest rate risk, market risk, and credit risk. They also involve the risk that changes in the value of a derivative may not correlate perfectly with the underlying asset, rate or index, or that the counterparty to a derivative contract might default on its obligations. Derivatives can be volatile and may be less liquid than other securities. As a result, the value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning and you may lose money. |
n | Emerging Markets Risk. Investments in securities and instruments traded in developing or emerging markets, or that provide exposure to such securities or markets, can involve additional risks relating to political, economic, or regulatory conditions not associated with investments in U.S. securities and instruments or investments in more developed international markets. Such conditions may impact the ability of the Fund to buy, sell or otherwise transfer securities, adversely affect the trading market and price for Fund shares, and cause the Fund to decline in value. |
n | Foreign Securities Risk. The Fund invests a significant portion of its assets in non-U.S. securities and instruments, or in securities that provide exposure to such instruments. Investments in non-U.S. securities and instruments involve certain risks that may not be present with investments in U.S. securities, including the risk of loss due to foreign currency fluctuations or to political or economic instability. |
WisdomTree Trust Prospectus | 23 |
n | Geographic Concentration in India. Because the Fund concentrates its investments in India, the Funds performance is expected to be closely tied to social, political, and economic conditions within India and to be more volatile than the performance of more geographically diversified funds. The Indian government has exercised and continues to exercise significant influence over many aspects of the economy. While the government of India is moving to a more liberal approach, it still places restrictions on the capability and capacity of foreign investors to access and trade rupee directly. While the Indian economy generally has experienced growth in recent years, there is no guarantee that this growth will continue. These and other factors could have a negative impact on the Funds performance and increase the volatility of an investment in the Fund. |
n | Interest Rate Risk. Interest rate risk is the risk that fixed income securities will decline in value because of changes in interest rates and other factors, such as perception of an issuers creditworthiness. |
n | Issuer-Specific Risk. Issuer-specific events, including changes in the financial condition of an issuer, can have a negative impact on the value of the Fund. |
n | Management Risk. The Fund is actively managed using proprietary investment strategies and processes. There can be no guarantee that these strategies and processes will be successful or that the Fund will achieve its investment objective. |
n | Non-Diversification Risk. The Fund is considered to be non-diversified, which means that it may invest more of its assets in the securities of a single issuer or a smaller number of issuers than if it were a diversified fund. To the extent the Fund invests a significant percentage of its assets in a limited number of issuers, the Fund is subject to the risks of investing in those few issuers, and may be more susceptible to a single adverse economic or regulatory occurrence. As a result, changes in the market value of a single security could cause greater fluctuations in the value of Fund shares than would occur in a diversified fund. |
n | Offshore Investor Risk. In addition to the general risks associated with investing in non-U.S. currencies and non-U.S. currency markets, there are special risks associated with investing in Indian rupee or securities designed to provide exposure to Indian rupee. While the government of India is moving toward a more liberal approach, it still places restrictions on the capability and capacity of foreign investors to access and trade rupee directly. Foreign investors in India still face burdensome taxes on investments in income-producing securities. These limitations and restrictions may impact the availability, liquidity and pricing of securities designed to provide offshore investors with exposure to Indian markets. As a result, returns achieved by offshore investors, such as the Fund, could differ from those available to domestic investors in India. |
n | Repurchase Agreement Risk. The Funds investment in repurchase agreements may be subject to market and credit risk with respect to the collateral securing the repurchase agreements. Investments in repurchase agreements also may be subject to the risk that the market value of the underlying obligations may decline prior to the expiration of the repurchase agreement term. |
Fund Performance
Historical Fund performance, which varies over time, can provide an indication of the risks of investing in the Fund. The bar chart that follows shows the annual total returns of the Fund for each full calendar year since the Fund commenced operations. The table that follows the bar chart shows the Funds average annual total returns, both before and after taxes. The table also shows how the Funds performance compares to the JPMorgan Emerging Local Markets Index Plus India, a relevant broad-based securities index. Index returns do not reflect deductions for fees, expenses or taxes. All returns assume reinvestment of dividends and distributions. The Funds past performance (before and after taxes) is not necessarily an indication of how the Fund will perform in the future.
The Funds year-to-date total return as of September 30, 2012 was 7.66%.
24 | WisdomTree Trust Prospectus |
Best and Worst Quarter Returns (for the period reflected in the bar chart above)
Return | Quarter/Year | |||||||
Highest Return |
7.66 | % | Q2/09 | |||||
Lowest Return |
(8.17 | )% | Q3/11 |
After-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Your actual after-tax returns will depend on your tax situation and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns shown are not relevant to investors who hold their Fund shares through tax-deferred arrangements, such as 401(k) plans or individual retirement accounts. In some cases the return after taxes may exceed the return before taxes due to an assumed tax benefit from any losses on a sale of Fund shares at the end of the measurement period.
Average Annual Total Returns for the periods ending December 31, 2011
WisdomTree Indian Rupee Fund | 1 Year | Since Inception (5-14-2008) |
||||||
Return Before Taxes Based on NAV |
(11.83 | )% | (0.99 | )% | ||||
Return After Taxes on Distributions |
(16.13 | )% | (2.52 | )% | ||||
Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares |
(7.67 | )% | (1.69 | )% | ||||
JPMorgan
Emerging Local Markets Index Plus India (Reflects no deduction for fees, |
(11.49 | )% | 0.38 | % |
Management
Investment Adviser and Sub-Adviser
WisdomTree Asset Management, Inc. serves as the investment adviser to the Fund. Mellon Capital Management Corporation serves as the sub-adviser to the Fund.
Portfolio Managers
David C. Kwan, CFA, a Managing Director, Fixed Income, has been a portfolio manager of the Fund since its inception.
Zandra Zelaya, CFA, a Director, Fixed Income, has been a portfolio manager of the Fund since its inception.
Buying and Selling Fund Shares
The Fund is an ETF. This means that shares of the Fund are listed on a national securities exchange, such as NYSE Arca, Inc., and trade at market prices. Most investors will buy and sell shares of the Fund through brokers. Because Fund shares trade at market prices rather than NAV, shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (premium) or less than NAV (discount).
The Fund issues and redeems shares at NAV only in large blocks of shares (Creation Units), which only institutions or large investors may purchase or redeem. Currently, Creation Units generally consist of 100,000 shares, though this may change from time to time. Creation Units are not expected to consist of less than 50,000 shares. The Fund generally issues and redeems Creation Units in exchange for a portfolio of money market securities closely approximating the holdings of the Fund or a designated basket of non-U.S. currency and/or an amount of U.S. cash.
Tax Information
The Fund intends to make distributions that may be taxed as ordinary income or capital gains.
WisdomTree Trust Prospectus | 25 |
WisdomTree Asia Local Debt Fund
Investment Objective
The Fund seeks a high level of total return consisting of both income and capital appreciation.
Fees and Expenses of the Fund
This table describes the fees and expenses you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund. The fees are expressed as a percentage of the Funds average net assets.
Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment) | None | |||
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) |
||||
Management Fees |
0.55 | % | ||
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees |
None | |||
Other Expenses |
0.00 | % | ||
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses | 0.55 | % |
Example
The following example is intended to help retail investors compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. It illustrates the hypothetical expenses that such investors would incur over various periods if they invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of the shares at the end of those periods. This example assumes that the Fund provides a return of 5% a year and that operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions, your costs would be:
1 Year | 3 Years | 5 Years | 10 Years | |||||||||||||
$56 | $176 | $307 | $689 |
Investors may pay brokerage commissions on their purchases and sales of Fund shares, which are not reflected in the example.
Portfolio Turnover
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or turns over its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the Example, affect the Funds performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Funds portfolio turnover rate was 62% of the average value of its portfolio, excluding the value of portfolio securities received or delivered as a result of in-kind creations or redemptions of the Funds capital shares.
Principal Investment Strategies of the Fund
The Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective through investment in Local Debt denominated in the currencies of a broad range of Asian countries. Under normal circumstances, the Fund will invest at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in Local Debt. For these purposes, Local Debt includes fixed income securities, such as bonds, notes or other debt obligations, denominated in local currencies of countries in Asia, as well as certain derivatives and other instruments described herein. The Fund is an actively managed exchange traded fund (ETF).
The Fund intends to focus its investments on bonds and other debt instruments issued by governments (national, state, and local), government agencies and instrumentalities, and government sponsored enterprises. The Fund also may invest in Local Debt issued by supranational organizations such as the European Investment Bank, Asian Development Bank, International Bank for Reconstruction and Development or International Finance Corporation, and development agencies supported by other national governments. The Fund may invest in corporate bonds economically tied to Asian countries. The Fund also may invest in inflation-linked fixed income securities denominated in Asian currencies.
The Fund intends to provide exposure to developing/emerging market economies in Asia. Specifically, the Fund intends to invest in Local Debt primarily from China, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, and Vietnam. The Fund is permitted to invest in developed market economies, such as Australia and New Zealand. This list may change based on market developments. The Fund uses a structured investment approach that analyzes multiple factors. Countries are grouped into differentiated tiers based on an analysis of these factors. Subject to the Funds general investment requirement to provide broad country exposure within the region, the Fund generally invests a higher
26 | WisdomTree Trust Prospectus |
percentage of its assets in countries that have larger and more liquid debt markets and that the Funds adviser believes are pursuing sustainable fiscal and monetary policies in light of economic and market conditions. The country exposures are consistently monitored from a risk perspective and may be modified, reduced or eliminated. The Funds exposure to any single country generally will be limited to 20% of the Funds assets. The percentage of Fund assets invested in a specific region, country or issuer will change from time to time.
The universe of Local Debt currently includes securities that are rated investment grade as well as non-investment grade. The Fund intends to provide a broad-based exposure to Local Debt and therefore will invest in both investment grade and non-investment grade securities. Securities rated investment grade generally are considered to be of higher credit quality and subject to lower default risk. Although securities rated below investment grade may offer the potential for higher yields, they generally are subject to a higher potential risk of loss.
The Fund attempts to limit interest rate risk by maintaining an aggregate portfolio duration of between two and eight years under normal market conditions. Aggregate portfolio duration is important to investors as an indication of the Funds sensitivity to changes in interest rates. Funds with higher durations generally are subject to greater interest rate risk. For example, the value of a fund with a portfolio duration of ten years would be expected to drop by 10% for every 1% increase in interest rates. The Funds actual portfolio duration may be longer or shorter depending on market conditions. The Fund may also invest in short-term money market securities denominated in the currencies of countries in which the Fund invests.
The Fund may invest up to 30% of its net assets in derivatives such as forward currency contracts and swaps. The Funds use of forward contracts and swaps will be underpinned by investments in cash or other liquid assets (typically short-term, high-quality U.S. money market securities) and is designed to provide exposure similar to investments in local currency debt. The Fund does not use derivatives to enhance leverage. A forward contract is an agreement to buy or sell a specific currency at a future date at a price set at the time of the contract. A swap is an agreement between two parties to exchange payments based on a reference asset, which may be a currency or rate, but also may be a single asset, a pool of assets or an index of assets. The Fund also may enter into repurchase agreements designed to result in a fixed rate of return for the Fund insulated from market fluctuations during the holding period. The Fund will enter into repurchase agreements with counterparties that are deemed to present acceptable credit risks. A repurchase agreement is a transaction in which the Fund purchases securities or other obligations from a bank or securities dealer and simultaneously commits to resell them to a counterparty at an agreed-upon date or upon demand and at a price reflecting a market rate of interest unrelated to the coupon rate or maturity of the purchased obligations. A futures contract may generally be described as an agreement for the future sale by one party and the purchase by another of a specified security or instrument at a specified price and time. The Fund may invest in interest rate and other futures contracts listed for trading on exchanges in Asia. Assets not invested in Local Debt generally will be invested in U.S. government securities and investment grade money market instruments. The Fund may invest up to 20% of its assets in debt instruments denominated in U.S. dollars issued by Asian governments and government sponsored enterprises.
The decision to secure exposure through direct investment in bonds or indirectly through derivative transactions will be a function of, among other things, market accessibility, credit exposure, tax ramifications and regulatory requirements applicable to U.S. investment companies. If, subsequent to an investment, the 80% requirement is no longer met, the Funds future investments will be made in a manner that will bring the Fund into compliance with this policy. The Trust will provide shareholders with sixty (60) days prior notice of any change to this policy for the Fund.
Principal Risks of Investing in the Fund
You can lose money on your investment in the Fund. The Fund is subject to the risks described below. Some or all of these risks may adversely affect the Funds net asset value per share (NAV), trading price, yield, total return and/or ability to meet its objectives.
n | Investment Risk. As with all investments, an investment in the Fund is subject to investment risk. Investors in the Fund could lose money, including the possible loss of the entire principal amount of an investment, over short or long periods of time. |
n | Market Risk. The trading prices of currencies, fixed income securities and other instruments fluctuate in response to a variety of factors. The Funds NAV and market price may fluctuate significantly in response to these factors. As a result, an investor could lose money over short or long periods of time. |
n | Shares of the Fund May Trade at Prices Other Than NAV. Although it is expected that the market price of the shares of the Fund will approximate the Funds NAV when purchased and sold in the secondary market, there may be times when the market price of the shares is more than the NAV intra-day (premium) or less than the NAV intra-day (discount). This risk is heightened in times of market volatility or periods of steep market declines. |
n | Cash Redemption Risk. The Funds investment strategy will require it to effect redemptions, in whole or in part, for cash, triggering security sales. The sale of non-U.S. denominated securities can generate realized foreign exchange losses which could impact the income distributions paid by the Fund. Additionally, the Fund may pay out higher annual capital gain distributions than if the in-kind redemption process was used exclusively. |
WisdomTree Trust Prospectus | 27 |
n | Counterparty and Issuer Credit Risk. The financial condition of an issuer of a debt security or other instrument or a counterparty to a derivative or other contract may cause such issuer or counterparty to default, become unable to pay interest or principal due or otherwise fail to honor its obligations. While the Fund attempts to limit credit and counterparty exposure in a manner consistent with its investment objective, the value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning in response to issuer or counterparty defaults and changes in the credit ratings of the Funds portfolio investments. |
n | Currency Exchange Rate Risk. The Fund invests a significant portion of its assets in investments denominated in non-U.S. currencies, or in securities that provide exposure to such currencies, currency exchange rates or interest rates denominated in such currencies. Changes in currency exchange rates and the relative value of non-U.S. currencies will affect the value of the Funds investment and the value of your Fund shares. Currency exchange rates can be very volatile and can change quickly and unpredictably. As a result, the value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning and you may lose money. |
n | Derivatives Investment Risk. The Fund will invest in derivatives. Derivatives are subject to a number of risks described elsewhere in this Prospectus, such as interest rate risk, market risk, and credit risk. They also involve the risk that changes in the value of a derivative may not correlate perfectly with the underlying asset, rate or index, or that the counterparty to a derivative contract might default on its obligations. Derivatives can be volatile and may be less liquid than other securities. As a result, the value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning and you may lose money. |
n | Emerging Markets Risk. Investments in securities and instruments traded in developing or emerging markets, or that provide exposure to such securities or markets, can involve additional risks relating to political, economic, or regulatory conditions not associated with investments in U.S. securities and instruments or investments in more developed international markets. For example, developing or emerging market governments may, without prior warning, impose capital controls on the ability to transfer currency, securities or other assets. The Funds ability to access certain developing or emerging markets also may be limited due to a variety of factors, including currency convertibility issues. Such conditions may impact the ability of the Fund to buy, sell or otherwise transfer securities or currency, cause the Funds returns to differ from those available to domestic investors, adversely affect the trading market and price for Fund shares, and cause the Fund to decline in value. |
n | Foreign Securities Risk. The Fund invests a significant portion of its assets in non-U.S. securities and instruments, or in securities that provide exposure to such instruments. Investments in non-U.S. securities and instruments involve certain risks that may not be present with investments in U.S. securities, including the risk of loss due to foreign currency fluctuations or to political or economic instability. |
n | High Yield Securities Risk. Higher yielding, high risk debt securities, sometimes referred to as junk bonds, may present additional risk because these securities may be less liquid and present more credit risk than investment grade bonds. The price of high yield securities tends to be more susceptible to issuer-specific operating results and outlook and to real or perceived adverse economic and competitive industry conditions. |
n | Interest Rate Risk. Interest rate risk is the risk that fixed income securities will decline in value because of changes in interest rates and other factors, such as perception of an issuers creditworthiness. |
n | Investment in Asia Risk. The Funds investments will have significant exposure to Asia. As a result, the Fund will be susceptible to loss due to adverse market, political, regulatory, and geographic events affecting that region. A variety of factors, including currency devaluations, may impact the ability of the Fund to buy, sell or otherwise transfer securities, adversely affect the trading market and price for Fund shares and cause the Fund to decline in value. |
n | Issuer-Specific Risk. Issuer-specific events, including changes in the financial condition of an issuer, can have a negative impact on the value of the Fund. |
n | Management Risk. The Fund is actively managed using proprietary investment strategies and processes. There can be no guarantee that these strategies and processes will be successful or that the Fund will achieve its investment objective. |
n | Non-Diversification Risk. The Fund is considered to be non-diversified, which means that it may invest more of its assets in the securities of a single issuer or a smaller number of issuers than if it were a diversified fund. To the extent the Fund invests a significant percentage of its assets in a limited number of issuers, the Fund is subject to the risks of investing in those few issuers, and may be more susceptible to a single adverse economic or regulatory occurrence. As a result, changes in the market value of a single security could cause greater fluctuations in the value of Fund shares than would occur in a diversified fund. |
n | Repurchase Agreement Risk. The Funds investment in repurchase agreements may be subject to market and credit risk with respect to the collateral securing the repurchase agreements. Investments in repurchase agreements also may be |
28 | WisdomTree Trust Prospectus |
subject to the risk that the market value of the underlying obligations may decline prior to the expiration of the repurchase agreement term. |
n | Sovereign Debt Risk. Bonds issued by governments, sometimes referred to as sovereign debt, present risks not associated with investments in other types of bonds. The government or agency issuing the debt may be unable or unwilling to make interest payments and/or repay the principal owed. In such instance, the Fund may have limited recourse against the issuing government or agency. In the past, governments of emerging market countries have refused to honor their payment obligations on issued bonds. |
Fund Performance
The Fund commenced operations on March 17, 2011, and therefore does not have performance history for a full calendar year. Once the Fund has completed a full calendar year of operations, a bar chart and table will be included that will provide some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing the variability of the Funds return based on net assets and comparing the Funds performance to a broad measure of market performance.
Management
Investment Adviser and Sub-Adviser
WisdomTree Asset Management, Inc. serves as the investment adviser to the Fund. Mellon Capital Management Corporation serves as the sub-adviser to the Fund.
Portfolio Managers
David C. Kwan, CFA, a Managing Director, Fixed Income, has been a portfolio manager of the Fund since its inception.
Lisa Mears OConnor, CFA, a Managing Director, Fixed Income, has been a portfolio manager of the Fund since its inception.
Stephanie Shu, CFA, a Director, Fixed Income, has been a portfolio manager of the Fund since its inception.
Buying and Selling Fund Shares
The Fund is an ETF. This means that shares of the Fund are listed on a national securities exchange, such as NYSE Arca, Inc., and trade at market prices. Most investors will buy and sell shares of the Fund through brokers. Because Fund shares trade at market prices rather than NAV, shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (premium) or less than NAV (discount).
The Fund issues and redeems shares at NAV only in large blocks of shares (Creation Units), which only institutions or large investors may purchase or redeem. Currently, Creation Units generally consist of 100,000 shares, although this may change from time to time. Creation Units are not expected to consist of less than 50,000 shares. The Fund generally issues and redeems Creation Units in exchange for a portfolio of fixed income securities closely approximating the holdings of the Fund or a designated basket of non-U.S. currency and/or an amount of U.S. cash.
Tax Information
The Fund intends to make distributions that may be taxed as ordinary income or capital gains.
WisdomTree Trust Prospectus | 29 |
WisdomTree Australia & New Zealand Debt Fund
Investment Objective
The Fund seeks a high level of total return consisting of both income and capital appreciation.
Fees and Expenses of the Fund
The following table describes the fees and expenses you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund. The fees are expressed as a percentage of the Funds average net assets.
Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment) | None | |||
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) |
||||
Management Fees |
0.45 | % | ||
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees |
None | |||
Other Expenses |
0.00 | % | ||
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses | 0.45 | % |
Example
The following example is intended to help retail investors compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. It illustrates the hypothetical expenses that such investors would incur over various periods if they invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of the shares at the end of those periods. This example assumes that the Fund provides a return of 5% a year and that operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions, your costs would be:
1 Year | 3 Years | 5 Years | 10 Years | |||||||||||||
$46 | $144 | $252 | $567 |
Investors may pay brokerage commissions on their purchases and sales of fund shares, which are not reflected in the example.
Portfolio Turnover
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or turns over its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the Example, affect the Funds performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Funds portfolio turnover rate was 9% of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies of the Fund
The Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective through investment in Debt Securities denominated in Australian or New Zealand dollars. Under normal circumstances, the Fund will invest at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in Debt Securities. For these purposes, Debt Securities include fixed income securities, such as bonds, notes or other debt obligations, denominated in Australian or New Zealand dollars, as well as certain derivatives and other instruments described herein. The Fund is an actively managed exchange traded fund (ETF).
The Fund intends to focus its investments on bonds and other debt instruments denominated in Australian and New Zealand dollars issued by governments (national, state and local), government agencies and instrumentalities, government-sponsored enterprises and supranational organizations. For these purposes, supranational organizations include entities such as the European Investment Bank, International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, International Finance Corporation, and other regional development banks. The Fund also may invest in Debt Securities of corporate issuers, although this is not expected to be a focus of the Fund.
The Fund is designed to provide broad exposure to Debt Securities of issuers in Australia and New Zealand. The Fund uses a structured investment approach to allocate its investments between countries (Australia and New Zealand) and sectors (government debt, semi-government debt, supranational organizations). Government debt refers to Debt Securities issued by the Commonwealth of Australia or New Zealand and its various agencies, instrumentalities and government-sponsored enterprises. Semi-government debt refers to Debt Securities issued by the local, state and territory governments of Australia typically to finance local infrastructure and operations. As noted, supranational organizations include entities such as the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development and other regional development banks. The Funds exposure to
30 | WisdomTree Trust Prospectus |
Australia and New Zealand is based on the relative gross domestic product, or GDP, of each country. Since Australias economy is much larger than New Zealands, the Funds exposure to Australia generally will be higher than its exposure to New Zealand. The Fund invests in three sectors: government debt, semi-government debt and debt of supranational organizations. For purposes of this sector analysis, corporate issuers are included within the category of supranational organizations. The Funds exposure to each sector is assessed relative to an equal-weighted baseline (e.g., 1/3 each). Sector exposures may be tilted within a narrow range around this baseline in order to take advantage of potential opportunities to enhance risk-adjusted return. The Funds exposures to each country, sector and individual issuer are monitored from a risk perspective. The percentage of the Funds assets invested in a specific country, sector or issuer may change, depending on market conditions, as agreed upon by the investment adviser and investment sub-adviser.
The universe of Debt Securities in which the Fund may invest includes securities that are rated investment grade as well as non-investment grade. Securities rated investment grade generally are considered to be of higher credit quality and subject to lower default risk. Although securities rated below investment grade may offer the potential for higher yields, they generally are subject to a higher potential risk of loss.
The Fund attempts to limit interest rate risk by maintaining an aggregate portfolio duration of between two and eight years under normal market conditions. Aggregate portfolio duration is important to investors as an indication of the Funds sensitivity to changes in interest rates. Funds with higher durations generally are subject to greater interest rate risk. For example, the value of a fund with a portfolio duration of ten years would be expected to drop by 10% for every 1% increase in interest rates. The Funds actual portfolio duration may be longer or shorter depending upon market conditions. The Fund may also invest in short-term money market securities denominated in local currencies.
The Fund may invest up to 20% of its net assets in derivatives such as forward currency contracts and swaps. The Funds use of forward contracts and swaps will be underpinned by investments in cash or other liquid assets (typically, short-term, high-quality U.S. money market securities) and is designed to provide exposure similar to investments in locally denominated debt. A forward currency contract is an agreement to buy or sell a specific currency at a future date at a price set at the time of the contract. A swap is an agreement between two parties to exchange payments based on a reference asset, which may be a currency or interest rate but also may be a single asset, a pool of assets or an index of assets. The Fund also may enter into repurchase agreements with counterparties that are deemed to present acceptable credit risks. A repurchase agreement is a transaction in which the Fund purchases securities or other obligations from a bank or securities dealer and simultaneously commits to resell them to a counterparty at an agreed-upon date or upon demand and at a price reflecting a market rate of interest unrelated to the coupon rate or maturity of the purchased obligations. Assets not invested in locally denominated debt generally will be invested in U.S. government securities and investment grade money market instruments. The Fund may invest up to 20% of its assets in debt instruments denominated in U.S. dollars issued by the Australian or New Zealand government, government agencies, corporations, regional development banks and supranational issuers.
The decision to secure exposure through direct investment in bonds or indirectly through derivative transactions will be a function of, among other things, market accessibility, credit exposure, tax ramifications and regulatory requirements applicable to U.S. investment companies. If, subsequent to an investment, the 80% requirement is no longer met, the Funds future investments will be made in a manner that will bring the Fund into compliance with this policy. The Trust will provide shareholders with sixty (60) days prior written notice of any change to this policy for the Fund.
Principal Risks of Investing in the Fund
You can lose money on your investment in the Fund. The Fund is subject to the risks described below. Some or all of these risks may adversely affect the Funds net asset value per share (NAV), trading price, yield, total return and/or ability to meet its objective.
n | Investment Risk. As with all investments, an investment in the Fund is subject to investment risk. Investors in the Fund could lose money, including the possible loss of the entire principal amount of an investment, over short or long periods of time. |
n | Market Risk. The trading prices of currencies, fixed income securities and other instruments fluctuate in response to a variety of factors. The Funds NAV and market price may fluctuate significantly in response to these factors. As a result, an investor could lose money over short or long periods of time. |
n | Shares of the Fund May Trade at Prices Other Than NAV. Although it is expected that the market price of the shares of the Fund will approximate the Funds NAV when purchased and sold in the secondary market, there may be times when the market price of the shares is more than the NAV intra-day (premium) or less than the NAV intra-day (discount). This risk is heightened in times of market volatility or periods of steep market declines. |
n | Cash Redemption Risk. The Funds investment strategy will require it to effect redemptions, in whole or in part, for cash, triggering security sales. The sale of non-U.S. denominated securities can generate realized foreign exchange losses which could impact the income distributions paid by the Fund. Additionally, the Fund may pay out higher annual capital gain distributions than if the in-kind redemption process was used exclusively. |
WisdomTree Trust Prospectus | 31 |
n | Counterparty and Issuer Credit Risk. The financial condition of an issuer of a debt security or other instrument or a counterparty to a derivative or other contract may cause such issuer or counterparty to default, become unable to pay interest or principal due or otherwise fail to honor its obligations. While the Fund attempts to limit credit and counterparty exposure in a manner consistent with its investment objective, the value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning in response to issuer or counterparty defaults and changes in the credit ratings of the Funds portfolio investments. |
n | Currency Exchange Rate Risk. The Fund invests a significant portion of its assets in investments denominated in Australian and New Zealand dollars, or in securities that provide exposure to Australian and New Zealand dollars, currency exchange rates or interest rates denominated in Australian and New Zealand dollars. Changes in currency exchange rates and the relative value of Australian and New Zealand dollars will affect the value of the Funds investment and the value of your Fund shares. Currency exchange rates can be very volatile and can change quickly and unpredictably. As a result, the value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning and you may lose money. |
n | Derivatives Investment Risk. The Fund may invest in derivatives. Derivatives are subject to a number of risks described elsewhere in this Prospectus, such as interest rate risk, market risk, and credit risk. They also involve the risk that changes in the value of a derivative may not correlate perfectly with the underlying asset, rate or index, or that the counterparty to a derivative contract might default on its obligations. Derivatives can be volatile and may be less liquid than other securities. As a result, the value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning and you may lose money. |
n | Foreign Securities Risk. The Fund invests a significant portion of its assets in non-U.S. securities and instruments, or in securities that provide exposure to such securities and instruments. Investments in non-U.S. securities and instruments involve certain risks that may not be present with investments in U.S. securities, including the risk of loss due to foreign currency fluctuations or to political or economic instability. |
n | Geographic Concentration in Australia and New Zealand. Because the Fund concentrates its investments in Australia and New Zealand, the Funds performance is expected to be closely tied to social, political, and economic conditions within these countries and to be more volatile than the performance of more geographically diversified funds. The economies of Australia and New Zealand are both heavily dependent on the demand for commodity exports, including agricultural products. As a result, both economies are particularly vulnerable to international commodity prices and global economic slowdowns. These and other factors could have a negative impact on the Funds performance and increase the volatility of an investment in the Fund. |
n | High Yield Securities Risk. Higher yielding, high risk debt securities, sometimes referred to as junk bonds, may present additional risk because these securities may be less liquid and present more credit risk than investment grade bonds. The price of high yield securities tends to be more susceptible to issuer-specific operating results and outlook and to real or perceived adverse economic and competitive industry conditions. |
n | Interest Rate Risk. Interest rate risk is the risk that fixed income securities will decline in value because of changes in interest rates and other factors, such as perception of an issuers creditworthiness. |
n | Issuer-Specific Risk. Issuer-specific events, including changes in the financial condition of an issuer, can have a negative impact on the value of the Fund. |
n | Management Risk. The Fund is actively managed using proprietary investment strategies and processes. There can be no guarantee that these strategies and processes will be successful or that the Fund will achieve its investment objective. |
n | Non-Diversification Risk. The Fund is considered to be non-diversified, which means that it may invest more of its assets in the securities of a single issuer or a smaller number of issuers than if it were a diversified fund. To the extent the Fund invests a significant percentage of its assets in a limited number of issuers, the Fund is subject to the risks of investing in those few issuers, and may be more susceptible to a single adverse economic or regulatory occurrence. As a result, changes in the market value of a single security could cause greater fluctuations in the value of Fund shares than would occur in a diversified fund. |
n | Repurchase Agreement Risk. The Funds investment in repurchase agreements may be subject to market and credit risk with respect to the collateral securing the repurchase agreements. Investments in repurchase agreements also may be subject to the risk that the market value of the underlying obligations may decline prior to the expiration of the repurchase agreement term. |
32 | WisdomTree Trust Prospectus |
Fund Performance
Historical Fund performance, which varies over time, can provide an indication of the risks of investing in the Fund. The bar chart that follows shows the annual total returns of the Fund for each full calendar year since the Fund commenced operations. The table that follows the bar chart shows the Funds average annual total returns, both before and after taxes. The table also shows how the Funds performance compares to the Citigroup Australian Broad Investment-Grade (AusBIG) Bond Index (USD), a relevant broad-based securities index, the BofA Merrill Lynch New Zealand Dollar One-Month LIBID Constant Maturity Index, the broad-based securities index used to measure the Funds performance during the prior fiscal year, and the Spliced Australia & New Zealand Debt Composite. Index returns do not reflect deductions for fees, expenses or taxes. All returns assume reinvestment of dividends and distributions. The Funds past performance (before and after taxes) is not necessarily an indication of how the Fund will perform in the future.
The Funds name and objective changed effective October 25, 2011. Fund performance prior to October 25, 2011 reflects the investment objective and style of the Fund when it was the WisdomTree Dreyfus New Zealand Dollar Fund and focused on short-term, New Zealand dollar-denominated money market instruments.
The Funds year-to-date total return as of September 30, 2012 was 8.17%.
Best and Worst Quarter Returns (for the period reflected in the bar chart above)
Return | Quarter/Year | |||||||
Highest Return |
14.19 | % | Q2/09 | |||||
Lowest Return |
(6.94 | )% | Q3/11 |
After-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Your actual after-tax returns will depend on your tax situation and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns shown are not relevant to investors who hold their Fund shares through tax-deferred arrangements, such as 401(k) plans or individual retirement accounts. In some cases the return after taxes may exceed the return before taxes due to an assumed tax benefit from any losses on a sale of Fund shares at the end of the measurement period.
Average Annual Total Returns for the periods ending December 31, 2011
WisdomTree Australia & New Zealand Debt Fund | 1 Year |
Since Inception (6-25-2008) |
||||||
Return Before Taxes Based on NAV |
5.09 | % | 4.79 | % | ||||
Return After Taxes on Distributions |
1.73 | % | 2.83 | % | ||||
Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares |
4.86 | % | 3.38 | % | ||||
Citigroup Australian Broad Investment-Grade (AusBIG) Bond Index* (USD) (Reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes) |
12.13 | % | 11.53 | % | ||||
BofA Merrill Lynch New Zealand Dollar One-Month LIBID Constant Maturity Index (Reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes) |
2.53 | % | 4.57 | % | ||||
Spliced
Australia & New Zealand Debt Composite** (Reflects no deduction for fees, |
6.20 | % | 5.53 | % |
* | Previously, the Funds performance was compared to the BofA Merrill Lynch New Zealand Dollar One-Month LIBID Constant Maturity Index as its primary benchmark. The Funds investment adviser has elected to compare the Funds performance to the Citigroup Australian Broad Investment-Grade (AusBIG) Bond Index (USD) because it believes this is the most appropriate measure for comparison to the Funds performance. |
** | Reflects performance of the BofA Merrill Lynch New Zealand Dollar One-Month LIBID Constant Maturity Index through October 24, 2011 and, thereafter, an 80% / 20% weighted exposure to the local currency bond markets of Australia and New Zealand, respectively. Performance for Australia is proxied by the total returns of the Citigroup Australian Broad Investment-Grade Bond Index. Performance for the New Zealand bond market is proxied by the JPMorgan New Zealand Government Bond Index. Country exposures are rebalanced back to target weighting quarterly. |
WisdomTree Trust Prospectus | 33 |
Management
Investment Adviser and Sub-Adviser
WisdomTree Asset Management, Inc. serves as the investment adviser to the Fund. Mellon Capital Management Corporation serves as the sub-adviser to the Fund.
Portfolio Managers
David C. Kwan, CFA, a Managing Director, Fixed Income, has been a portfolio manager of the Fund since its inception.
Zandra Zelaya, CFA, a Director, Fixed Income, has been a portfolio manager of the Fund since its inception.
Buying and Selling Fund Shares
The Fund is an ETF. This means that shares of the Fund are listed on a national securities exchange, such as NYSE Arca, Inc., and trade at market prices. Most investors will buy and sell shares of the Fund through brokers. Because Fund shares trade at market prices rather than NAV, shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (premium) or less than NAV (discount).
The Fund issues and redeems shares at NAV only in large blocks of shares (Creation Units), which only institutions or large investors may purchase or redeem. Currently, Creation Units generally consist of 100,000 shares, though this may change from time to time. Creation Units are not expected to consist of less than 50,000 shares. The Fund generally issues and redeems Creation Units in exchange for a portfolio of fixed income securities closely approximating the holdings of the Fund or a designated basket of non-U.S. currency and/or an amount of U.S. cash.
Tax Information
The Fund intends to make distributions that may be taxed as ordinary income or capital gains.
34 | WisdomTree Trust Prospectus |
WisdomTree Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund
Investment Objective
The Fund seeks a high level of total return consisting of both income and capital appreciation.
Fees and Expenses of the Fund
This table describes the fees and expenses you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund. The fees are expressed as a percentage of the Funds average net assets.
Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment) | None | |||
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) |
||||
Management Fees |
0.60 | % | ||
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees |
None | |||
Other Expenses* |
0.00 | % | ||
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses | 0.60 | % |
* | Other Expenses are based on estimated amounts for the current fiscal year. |
Example
The following example is intended to help retail investors compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. It illustrates the hypothetical expenses that such investors would incur over various periods if they invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of the shares at the end of those periods. This example assumes that the Fund provides a return of 5% a year and that operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions, your costs would be:
1 Year | 3 Years | |||||||
$61 | $192 |
Investors may pay brokerage commissions on their purchases and sales of Fund shares, which are not reflected in the example.
Portfolio Turnover
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or turns over its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the Example, affect the Funds performance. During the period from the commencement of Fund operations (March 8, 2012) through the end of its most recent fiscal year, the Funds portfolio turnover rate was 0% of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies of the Fund
The Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective through investment in debt securities issued by corporate entities that are domiciled in, or economically tied to, emerging market countries. The issuers of such debt will include public, private, and state-owned or sponsored corporations. Under normal circumstances, the Fund will invest at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in Corporate Debt. For these purposes, Corporate Debt includes fixed income securities, such as bonds, notes, money market securities and other debt obligations (such as loan participation notes) of emerging market issuers. Corporate Debt does not include derivatives. The Fund is an actively managed exchange traded fund (ETF).
The Fund intends to focus its investment on Corporate Debt issued in U.S. dollars. The Fund also may invest in Corporate Debt denominated in the local currency of emerging market countries. Non-U.S. dollar denominated debt is sometimes referred to as local debt. Local debt provides exposure to changes in the value of such non-U.S. currencies against the U.S. dollar. Corporate Debt includes debt securities issued by supranational organizations, such as the European Investment Bank, International Bank for Reconstruction and Development or International Finance Corporation, or other regional development banks. The Fund may invest to a limited extent in debt securities of emerging market governments (also known as sovereign debt) and debt securities linked to inflation rates in emerging market countries.
The Fund intends to seek exposure to Corporate Debt from the following regions: Asia, Latin America, Eastern Europe, Africa and the Middle East. Within these regions, the Fund is likely to invest in countries such as: Argentina, Bahrain,
WisdomTree Trust Prospectus | 35 |
Barbados, Brazil, Chile, China, Colombia, Croatia, Czech Republic, Dominican Republic, Egypt, El Salvador, Hong Kong, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Israel, Jamaica, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Macau, Malaysia, Mexico, Mongolia, Nigeria, Oman, Peru, the Philippines, Poland, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Ukraine, the United Arab Emirates, and Venezuela. This list may change based on market developments. The Fund employs a structured investment approach that utilizes top down analysis of macroeconomic factors and bottom up analysis of emerging market countries and issuers. The Funds credit exposures are consistently monitored from a risk perspective and may be modified, reduced or eliminated. The Funds exposure to any single issuer generally will be limited to 10% of the Funds net assets. The Funds exposure to any single country generally will be limited to 30% of the Funds net assets. The percentage of Fund assets invested in a specific region, country or issuer will change from time to time.
The universe of emerging market Corporate Debt currently includes securities that are rated investment grade as well as non-investment grade (commonly referred to as junk bonds). The Fund intends to provide a broad exposure to emerging market Corporate Debt and therefore will invest in both investment grade and non-investment grade securities. Securities rated investment grade generally are considered to be of higher credit quality and subject to lower default risk. Although securities rated below investment grade may offer the potential for higher yields, they generally are subject to a higher potential risk of loss.
The Fund attempts to limit interest rate risk by maintaining an aggregate portfolio duration of between two and ten years under normal market conditions. Aggregate portfolio duration is important to investors as an indication of the Funds sensitivity to changes in interest rates. Funds with higher durations generally are subject to greater interest rate risk. For example, the value of a fund with a portfolio duration of ten years would be expected to drop by 10% for every 1% increase in interest rates. The Funds actual portfolio duration may be longer or shorter depending upon market conditions. The Fund may also invest in short-term money market securities denominated in U.S. dollars or the currencies of countries in which the Fund invests.
The Fund may invest up to 20% of its net assets in derivatives, such as swaps and forward currency contracts. A swap is an agreement between two parties to exchange payments based on a reference asset, which may be a currency or interest rate but also may be a single asset, a pool of assets or an index of assets. A forward currency contract is an agreement to buy or sell a specific currency at a future date at a price set at the time of the contract. The Funds use of derivatives will be underpinned by investments in cash or other liquid assets (typically short-term, high-quality money market securities). The Fund also may enter into repurchase agreements with counterparties that are deemed to present acceptable credit risks. A repurchase agreement is a transaction in which the Fund purchases securities or other obligations from a bank or securities dealer and simultaneously agrees to resell them to a counterparty at an agreed-upon date or upon demand and at a price reflecting a market rate of interest unrelated to the coupon rate or maturity of the purchased obligations.
The Fund must invest at least 80% of its net assets directly in Corporate Debt. The decision to secure exposure through direct investment in Corporate Debt or indirectly through derivative transactions will be a function of, among other things, market accessibility, credit exposure, tax ramifications and regulatory requirements applicable to U.S. investment companies. If, subsequent to an investment, the Funds 80% requirement is no longer met, the Funds future investments will be made in a manner that will bring the Fund into compliance with this policy. The Trust will provide shareholders with sixty (60) days prior notice of any change to this policy for the Fund.
Principal Risks of Investing in the Fund
You can lose money on your investment in the Fund. The Fund is subject to the risks described below. Some or all of these risks may adversely affect the Funds net asset value per share (NAV), trading price, yield, total return and/or ability to meet its objective.
n | Investment Risk. As with all investments, an investment in the Fund is subject to investment risk. Investors in the Fund could lose money, including the possible loss of the entire principal amount of an investment, over short or long periods of time. |
n | Market Risk. The trading prices of currencies, fixed income securities and other instruments fluctuate in response to a variety of factors. The Funds NAV and market price may fluctuate significantly in response to these factors. As a result, an investor could lose money over short or long periods of time. |
n | Shares of the Fund May Trade at Prices Other Than NAV. Although it is expected that the market price of the shares of the Fund will approximate the Funds NAV when purchased and sold in the secondary market, there may be times when the market price of the shares is more than the NAV intra-day (premium) or less than the NAV intra-day (discount). This risk is heightened in times of market volatility or periods of steep market declines. |
n | Capital Controls Risk. Economic conditions, such as volatile currency exchange rates and interest rates, political events and other conditions may, without prior warning, lead to government intervention and the imposition of capital controls. Capital controls may impact the ability of the Fund to buy, sell or otherwise transfer securities or currency, adversely affect the trading market and price for shares of the Fund, and cause the Fund to decline in value. |
36 | WisdomTree Trust Prospectus |
n | Cash Redemption Risk. The Funds investment strategy will require it to effect redemptions, in whole or in part, for cash, triggering security sales. The sale of non-U.S. denominated securities can generate realized foreign exchange losses which could impact the income distributions paid by the Fund. Additionally, the Fund may pay out higher annual capital gain distributions than if the in-kind redemption process was used exclusively. |
n | Counterparty and Issuer Credit Risk. The financial condition of an issuer of a debt security or other instrument or a counterparty to a derivative or other contract may cause such issuer or counterparty to default, become unable to pay interest or principal due or otherwise fail to honor its obligations. While the Fund attempts to limit credit and counterparty exposure in a manner consistent with its investment objective, the value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning in response to issuer or counterparty defaults and changes in the credit ratings of the Funds portfolio investments. |
n | Currency Exchange Rate Risk. While the Fund intends to focus its investment on Corporate Debt denominated in U.S. dollars, the Fund may invest a portion of its assets in investments denominated in non-U.S. currencies, or in securities that provide exposure to such currencies, currency exchange rates or interest rates denominated in such currencies. Changes in currency exchange rates and the relative value of non-U.S. currencies will affect the value of the Funds investment and the value of your Fund shares. Currency exchange rates can be very volatile and can change quickly and unpredictably. As a result, the value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning and you may lose money. |
n | Derivatives Investment Risk. The Fund may invest in derivatives. Derivatives are subject to a number of risks described elsewhere in the Funds Prospectus, such as credit risk, interest rate risk, and market risk. They also involve the risk that changes in the value of the derivative may not correlate perfectly with the underlying asset, rate or index. The counterparty to a derivative contract might default on its obligations. Derivatives can be volatile and may be less liquid than other securities. As a result, the value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning and you may lose money. |
n | Emerging Markets Risk. Investments in securities and instruments traded in developing or emerging markets, or that provide exposure to such securities or markets, can involve additional risks relating to political, economic, or regulatory conditions not associated with investments in U.S. securities and instruments or investments in more developed international markets. For example, developing or emerging market governments may, without prior warning, impose capital controls on the ability to transfer currency, securities or other assets. The Funds ability to access certain developing or emerging markets also may be limited due to a variety of factors, including currency convertibility issues. Such conditions may impact the ability of the Fund to buy, sell or otherwise transfer securities, cause the Funds returns to differ from those available to domestic investors, adversely affect the trading market and price for Fund shares, and cause the Fund to decline in value. |
n | High Yield Securities Risk. Higher yielding, high risk debt securities, sometimes referred to as junk bonds, may present additional risk because these securities may be less liquid and present more credit risk than investment grade bonds. The price of high yield securities tends to be more susceptible to issuer-specific operating results and outlook and to real or perceived adverse economic and competitive industry conditions. |
n | Interest Rate Risk. Interest rate risk is the risk that fixed income securities will decline in value because of increases in interest rates and other factors, such as perception of an issuers creditworthiness. |
n | Issuer-Specific Risk. Issuer-specific events, including changes in the financial condition of an issuer, can have a negative impact on the value of the Fund. |
n | Management Risk. The Fund is actively managed using proprietary investment strategies and processes. There can be no guarantee that these strategies and processes will be successful or that the Fund will achieve its investment objective. |
n | Non-Diversification Risk. The Fund is considered to be non-diversified, which means that it may invest more of its assets in the securities of a single issuer or a smaller number of issuers than if it were a diversified fund. To the extent the Fund invests a significant percentage of its assets in a limited number of issuers, the Fund is subject to the risks of investing in those few issuers, and may be more susceptible to a single adverse economic or regulatory occurrence. As a result, changes in the market value of a single security could cause greater fluctuations in the value of Fund shares than would occur in a diversified fund. |
n | Repurchase Agreement Risk. The Funds investment in repurchase agreements may be subject to market and credit risk with respect to the collateral securing the repurchase agreements. Investments in repurchase agreements also may be subject to the risk that the market value of the underlying obligations may decline prior to the expiration of the repurchase agreement term. |
n | Sovereign Debt Risk. Bonds issued by governments, sometimes referred to as sovereign debt, present risks not associated with investments in other types of bonds. The government or agency issuing the debt may be unable or unwilling to make interest payments and/or repay the principal owed. In such instance, the Fund may have limited recourse against the issuing government or agency. In the past, governments of emerging market countries have refused to honor their payment obligations on issued bonds. |
WisdomTree Trust Prospectus | 37 |
Fund Performance
The Fund commenced operations on March 8, 2012, and therefore does not have performance history for a full calendar year. Once the Fund has completed a full calendar year of operations, a bar chart and table will be included that will provide some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing the variability of the Funds return based on net assets and comparing the Funds performance to a broad measure of market performance.
Management
Investment Adviser and Sub-Adviser
WisdomTree Asset Management, Inc. serves as the investment adviser to the Fund. Western Asset Management Company serves as the sub-adviser to the Fund.
Portfolio Managers
Stephen A. Walsh, Chief Investment Officer, has been a portfolio manager of the Fund since its inception.
Keith J. Gardner, Head of Developing Markets, has been a portfolio manager of the Fund since its inception.
Matthew C. Duda, CFA, a portfolio manager and research analyst, has been a portfolio manager of the Fund since its inception.
Buying and Selling Fund Shares
The Fund is an ETF. This means that shares of the Fund are listed on a national securities exchange, such as NASDAQ, and trade at market prices. Most investors will buy and sell shares of the Fund through brokers. Because Fund shares trade at market prices rather than NAV, shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (premium) or less than NAV (discount).
The Fund issues and redeems shares at NAV only in large blocks of shares (Creation Units), which only institutions or large investors may purchase or redeem. Currently, Creation Units generally consist of 100,000 shares, although this may change from time to time. Creation Units are not expected to consist of less than 50,000 shares. The Fund generally issues and redeems Creation Units in exchange for a portfolio of fixed income securities closely approximating the holdings of the Fund or a designated basket of non-U.S. currency and/or an amount of U.S. cash.
Tax Information
The Fund intends to make distributions that may be taxed as ordinary income or capital gains.
38 | WisdomTree Trust Prospectus |
WisdomTree Emerging Markets Local Debt Fund
Investment Objective
The Fund seeks a high level of total return consisting of both income and capital appreciation.
Fees and Expenses of the Fund
This table describes the fees and expenses you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund. The fees are expressed as a percentage of the Funds average net assets.
Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment) | None | |||
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) |
||||
Management Fees |
0.55 | % | ||
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees |
None | |||
Other Expenses |
0.00 | % | ||
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses | 0.55 | % |
Example
The following example is intended to help retail investors compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. It illustrates the hypothetical expenses that such investors would incur over various periods if they invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of the shares at the end of those periods. This example assumes that the Fund provides a return of 5% a year and that operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions, your costs would be:
1 Year | 3 Years | 5 Years | 10 Years | |||||||||||||
$56 | $176 | $307 | $689 |
Investors may pay brokerage commissions on their purchases and sales of Fund shares, which are not reflected in the example.
Portfolio Turnover
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or turns over its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the Example, affect the Funds performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Funds portfolio turnover rate was 43% of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies of the Fund
The Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective through investment in Local Debt denominated in the local currencies of emerging market countries. Under normal circumstances, the Fund will invest at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in Local Debt. For these purposes, Local Debt includes fixed income securities, such as bonds, notes or other debt obligations denominated in local currencies of emerging market countries, as well as certain derivatives and other instruments described herein. The Fund is an actively managed exchange traded fund (ETF).
The Fund is designed to provide exposure to Local Debt of issuers from a broad range of emerging market regions and countries. The Fund intends to focus its investment on fixed income securities issued by emerging market governments, government agencies, and corporations. The Fund also may invest in fixed income securities denominated in an emerging market currency and issued by supranational organizations, such as the European Investment Bank, International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, International Finance Corporation, or other regional development banks. The Fund also may invest in debt securities linked to inflation rates outside the U.S., including securities or instruments linked to rates in emerging market countries.
The Fund intends to provide exposure across several geographic regions and countries. The Fund intends to invest in Local Debt from the following regions: Asia, Latin America, Europe, the Middle East, and Africa. Within these regions, the Fund is likely to invest in countries such as: Brazil, Chile, China, Colombia, Czech Republic, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Mexico, Nigeria, Peru, the Philippines, Poland, Russia, South Africa, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand and Turkey. This list
WisdomTree Trust Prospectus | 39 |
may change based on market developments. The Fund uses a structured investment approach that analyzes multiple factors. Countries are grouped into differentiated tiers based on an analysis of these factors. Subject to the Funds general investment requirement to provide broad regional and country exposure, the Fund generally invests a higher percentage of its assets in countries that have larger and more liquid debt markets and that the Funds adviser believes are pursuing sustainable fiscal and monetary policies in light of economic and market conditions. The country exposures are consistently monitored from a risk perspective and may be modified, reduced or eliminated. The Funds exposure to any single country generally will be limited to 20% of the Funds assets. The percentage of Fund assets invested in a specific region, country or issuer will change from time to time.
The universe of emerging markets local currency debt currently includes securities that are rated investment grade as well as non-investment grade. The Fund intends to provide a broad-based exposure to emerging market debt and therefore will invest in both investment grade and non-investment grade securities. Securities rated investment grade generally are considered to be of higher credit quality and subject to lower default risk. Although securities rated below investment grade may offer the potential for higher yields, they generally are subject to a higher potential risk of loss.
The Fund attempts to limit interest rate risk by maintaining an aggregate portfolio duration of between two and ten years under normal market conditions. Aggregate portfolio duration is important to investors as an indication of the Funds sensitivity to changes in interest rates. Funds with higher durations generally are subject to greater interest rate risk. For example, the value of a fund with a portfolio duration of ten years would be expected to drop by 10% for every 1% increase in interest rates. The Funds actual portfolio duration may be longer or shorter depending upon market conditions. The Fund may also invest in short-term money market securities denominated in the currencies of countries in which the Fund invests.
The Fund may invest up to 30% of its net assets in derivatives such as forward currency contracts and swaps. The Funds use of forward contracts and swaps will be underpinned by investments in cash or other liquid assets (typically short-term, high-quality U.S. money market securities) and is designed to provide exposure similar to investments in local currency debt. A forward currency contract is an agreement to buy or sell a specific currency at a future date at a price set at the time of the contract. A swap is an agreement between two parties to exchange payments based on a reference asset, which may be a currency or interest rate but also may be a single asset, a pool of assets or an index of assets. The Fund also may enter into repurchase agreements with counterparties that are deemed to present acceptable credit risks. A repurchase agreement is a transaction in which the Fund purchases securities or other obligations from a bank or securities dealer and simultaneously commits to resell them to a counterparty at an agreed-upon date or upon demand and at a price reflecting a market rate of interest unrelated to the coupon rate or maturity of the purchased obligations. Local Debt also includes fixed income securities denominated in an emerging market currency and issued by a supranational organization or regional development bank. Assets not invested in Local Debt generally will be invested in U.S. government securities and investment grade money market instruments. The Fund may invest up to 20% of its assets in debt instruments denominated in U.S. dollars issued by emerging market governments, government agencies, corporations, regional development banks and supranational issuers, as well as derivatives based on such instruments.
The decision to secure exposure through direct investment in bonds or indirectly through derivative transactions will be a function of, among other things, market accessibility, credit exposure, tax ramifications and regulatory requirements applicable to U.S. investment companies. If, subsequent to an investment, the 80% requirement is no longer met, the Funds future investments will be made in a manner that will bring the Fund into compliance with this policy. The Trust will provide shareholders with sixty (60) days prior notice of any change to this policy for the Fund.
Principal Risks of Investing in the Fund
You can lose money on your investment in the Fund. The Fund is subject to the risks described below. Some or all of these risks may adversely affect the Funds net asset value per share (NAV), trading price, yield, total return and/or ability to meet its objectives.
n | Investment Risk. As with all investments, an investment in the Fund is subject to investment risk. Investors in the Fund could lose money, including the possible loss of the entire principal amount of an investment, over short or long periods of time. |
n | Market Risk. The trading prices of currencies, fixed income securities and other instruments fluctuate in response to a variety of factors. The Funds NAV and market price may fluctuate significantly in response to these factors. As a result, an investor could lose money over short or long periods of time. |
n | Shares of the Fund May Trade at Prices Other Than NAV. Although it is expected that the market price of the shares of the Fund will approximate the Funds NAV when purchased and sold in the secondary market, there may be times when the market price of the shares is more than the NAV intra-day (premium) or less than the NAV intra-day (discount). This risk is heightened in times of market volatility or periods of steep market declines. |
40 | WisdomTree Trust Prospectus |
n | Cash Redemption Risk. The Funds investment strategy will require it to effect redemptions, in whole or in part, for cash, triggering security sales. The sale of non-U.S. denominated securities can generate realized foreign exchange losses which could impact the income distributions paid by the Fund. Additionally, the Fund may pay out higher annual capital gain distributions than if the in-kind redemption process was used exclusively. |
n | Counterparty and Issuer Credit Risk. The financial condition of an issuer of a debt security or other instrument or a counterparty to a derivative or other contract may cause such issuer or counterparty to default, become unable to pay interest or principal due or otherwise fail to honor its obligations. While the Fund attempts to limit credit and counterparty exposure in a manner consistent with its investment objective, the value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning in response to issuer or counterparty defaults and changes in the credit ratings of the Funds portfolio investments. |
n | Currency Exchange Rate Risk. The Fund invests a significant portion of its assets in investments denominated in non-U.S. currencies, or in securities that provide exposure to such currencies, currency exchange rates or interest rates denominated in such currencies. Changes in currency exchange rates and the relative value of non-U.S. currencies will affect the value of the Funds investment and the value of your Fund shares. Currency exchange rates can be very volatile and can change quickly and unpredictably. As a result, the value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning and you may lose money. |
n | Derivatives Investment Risk. The Fund will invest in derivatives. Derivatives are subject to a number of risks described elsewhere in this Prospectus, such as credit risk, interest rate risk, and market risk. They also involve the risk that changes in the value of a derivative may not correlate perfectly with the underlying asset, rate or index. The counterparty to a derivative contract might default on its obligations. Derivatives can be volatile and may be less liquid than other securities. As a result, the value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning and you may lose money. |
n | Emerging Markets Risk. Investments in securities and instruments traded in developing or emerging markets, or that provide exposure to such securities or markets, can involve additional risks relating to political, economic, or regulatory conditions not associated with investments in U.S. securities and instruments or investments in more developed international markets. For example, developing or emerging market governments may, without prior warning, impose capital controls on the ability to transfer currency, securities or other assets. The Funds ability to access certain developing or emerging markets also may be limited due to a variety of factors, including currency convertibility issues. Such conditions may impact the ability of the Fund to buy, sell or otherwise transfer securities or currency, cause the Funds returns to differ from those available to domestic investors, adversely affect the trading market and price for Fund shares, and cause the Fund to decline in value. |
n | Foreign Securities Risk. The Fund invests a significant portion of its assets in non-U.S. securities and instruments, or in securities that provide exposure to such instruments. Investments in non-U.S. securities and instruments involve certain risks that may not be present with investments in U.S. securities, including the risk of loss due to foreign currency fluctuations or to political or economic instability. |
n | High Yield Securities Risk. Higher yielding, high risk debt securities, sometimes referred to as junk bonds, may present additional risk because these securities may be less liquid and present more credit risk than investment grade bonds. The price of high yield securities tends to be more susceptible to issuer-specific operating results and outlook and to real or perceived adverse economic and competitive industry conditions. |
n | Interest Rate Risk. Interest rate risk is the risk that fixed income securities will decline in value because of changes in interest rates and other factors, such as perception of an issuers creditworthiness. |
n | Issuer-Specific Risk. Issuer-specific events, including changes in the financial condition of an issuer, can have a negative impact on the value of the Fund. |
n | Management Risk. The Fund is actively managed using proprietary investment strategies and processes. There can be no guarantee that these strategies and processes will be successful or that the Fund will achieve its investment objective. |
n | Non-Diversification Risk. The Fund is considered to be non-diversified, which means that it may invest more of its assets in the securities of a single issuer or a smaller number of issuers than if it were a diversified fund. To the extent the Fund invests a significant percentage of its assets in a limited number of issuers, the Fund is subject to the risks of investing in those few issuers, and may be more susceptible to a single adverse economic or regulatory occurrence. As a result, changes in the market value of a single security could cause greater fluctuations in the value of Fund shares than would occur in a diversified fund. |
n | Repurchase Agreement Risk. The Funds investment in repurchase agreements may be subject to market and credit risk with respect to the collateral securing the repurchase agreements. Investments in repurchase agreements also may be subject to the risk that the market value of the underlying obligations may decline prior to the expiration of the repurchase agreement term. |
WisdomTree Trust Prospectus | 41 |
n | Sovereign Debt Risk. Bonds issued by governments, sometimes referred to as sovereign debt, present risks not associated with investments in other types of bonds. The government or agency issuing the debt may be unable or unwilling to make interest payments and/or repay the principal owed. In such instance, the Fund may have limited recourse against the issuing government or agency. In the past, governments of emerging market countries have refused to honor their payment obligations on issued bonds. |
Fund Performance
Historical Fund performance, which varies over time, can provide an indication of the risks of investing in the Fund. The bar chart that follows shows the annual total returns of the Fund for each full calendar year since the Fund commenced operations. The table that follows the bar chart shows the Funds average annual total returns, both before and after taxes. The table also shows how the Funds performance compares to the JP Morgan Government Bond IndexEmerging Markets (GBI-EM) Global Diversified Index, a relevant broad-based securities index. Index returns do not reflect deductions for fees, expenses or taxes. All returns assume reinvestment of dividends and distributions. The Funds past performance (before and after taxes) is not necessarily an indication of how the Fund will perform in the future.
The Funds year-to-date total return as of September 30, 2012 was 9.71%.
Best and Worst Quarter Returns (for the period reflected in the bar chart above)
Return | Quarter/Year | |||||||
Highest Return |
4.24 | % | Q2/11 | |||||
Lowest Return |
(8.28 | )% | Q3/11 |
After-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Your actual after-tax returns will depend on your tax situation and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns shown are not relevant to investors who hold their Fund shares through tax-deferred arrangements, such as 401(k) plans or individual retirement accounts. In some cases the return after taxes may exceed the return before taxes due to an assumed tax benefit from any losses on a sale of Fund shares at the end of the measurement period.
Average Annual Total Returns for the periods ending December 31, 2011
WisdomTree Emerging Markets Local Debt Fund | 1 Year | Since Inception (8-9-2010) |
||||||
Return Before Taxes Based on NAV |
(1.30 | )% | 2.41 | % | ||||
Return After Taxes on Distributions |
(2.85 | )% | 0.82 | % | ||||
Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares |
(0.82 | )% | 1.17 | % | ||||
JP Morgan Government Bond IndexEmerging Markets (GBI-EM) Global Diversified Index (Reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes) |
(1.75 | )% | 1.78 | % |
42 | WisdomTree Trust Prospectus |
Management
Investment Adviser and Sub-Adviser
WisdomTree Asset Management, Inc. serves as the investment adviser to the Fund. Mellon Capital Management Corporation serves as the sub-adviser to the Fund.
Portfolio Managers
David C. Kwan, CFA, a Managing Director, Fixed Income, has been a portfolio manager of the Fund since Fund inception.
Lisa Mears OConnor, CFA, a Managing Director, Fixed Income, has been a portfolio manager of the Fund since Fund inception.
Stephanie Shu, CFA, a Director, Fixed Income, has been a portfolio manager of the Fund since its inception.
Buying and Selling Fund Shares
The Fund is an ETF. This means that shares of the Fund are listed on a national securities exchange, such as NYSE Arca, Inc., and trade at market prices. Most investors will buy and sell shares of the Fund through brokers. Because Fund shares trade at market prices rather than NAV, shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (premium) or less than NAV (discount).
The Fund issues and redeems shares at NAV only in large blocks of shares (Creation Units), which only institutions or large investors may purchase or redeem. Currently, Creation Units generally consist of 100,000 shares, although this may change from time to time. Creation Units are not expected to consist of less than 50,000 shares. The Fund generally issues and redeems Creation Units in exchange for a portfolio of fixed income securities closely approximating the holdings of a Fund or a designated basket of non-U.S. currency and/or an amount of U.S. cash.
Tax Information
The Fund intends to make distributions that may be taxed as ordinary income or capital gains.
WisdomTree Trust Prospectus | 43 |
Investment Objective
The Fund seeks a high level of total return consisting of both income and capital appreciation.
Fees and Expenses of the Fund
The following table describes the fees and expenses you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund. The fees are expressed as a percentage of the Funds average net assets.
Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment) | None | |||
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) |
||||
Management Fees |
0.35 | % | ||
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees |
None | |||
Other Expenses |
0.00 | % | ||
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses | 0.35 | % |
Example
The following example is intended to help retail investors compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. It illustrates the hypothetical expenses that such investors would incur over various periods if they invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of the shares at the end of those periods. This example assumes that the Fund provides a return of 5% a year and that operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions, your costs would be:
1 Year | 3 Years | 5 Years | 10 Years | |||||||||||||
$36 | $113 | $197 | $443 |
Investors may pay brokerage commissions on their purchases and sales of fund shares, which are not reflected in the example.
Portfolio Turnover
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or turns over its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the Example, affect the Funds performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Funds portfolio turnover rate was 26% of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies of the Fund
The Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective through investment in Debt Securities denominated in euros. Under normal circumstances, the Fund will invest at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in Debt Securities. For these purposes, Debt Securities consist of fixed income securities, such as bonds, notes or other debt obligations, denominated in euros, as well as certain derivatives and other instruments described herein. The Fund is an actively managed exchange traded fund (ETF).
The Fund intends to focus its investments on bonds and other debt instruments denominated in euros and issued by governments (national, state and local), government agencies and instrumentalities, government-sponsored enterprises and supranational organizations. For these purposes, supranational organizations include entities such as the European Investment Bank, International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, International Finance Corporation, or other regional development banks. The Fund also may invest in Debt Securities of corporate issuers organized in euro area countries or that have significant economic ties to euro area countries, although this is not expected to be a focus of the Fund.
The Fund is designed to provide broad exposure to Debt Securities of issuers in euro area countries. The euro area is a group of 17 members of the European Union that have adopted the euro as their common currency. The euro area currently consists of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, and Spain. The Funds exposure to the euro area countries is monitored from a risk perspective and may be modified, reduced or eliminated at any time. Initially, the Fund does not intend to invest in national, state or local debt of Ireland, Italy, Greece, Portugal, Spain, Estonia, Cyprus or Malta.
44 | WisdomTree Trust Prospectus |
The Fund will seek to concentrate its investments in Debt Securities of more credit worthy issuers within the region. This currently includes sizable positions in the sovereign debt of Germany and France with attempted balanced allocations to the sovereign debt of other euro area countries as well as supranational issuers. Subject to the Funds general investment requirement to provide broad regional and country exposure, the Fund generally invests a higher percentage of its assets in countries that have larger and more liquid debt markets. The Funds exposure to any single country generally will be limited to 20% of the Funds assets. The euro area countries in which the Fund invests and the percentage of Fund assets invested in a particular euro area country or issuer will change from time to time, depending on market conditions, as agreed upon by the investment adviser and investment sub-adviser.
The universe of Debt Securities in which the Fund may invest includes securities that are rated investment grade as well as non-investment grade. The Fund, however, will focus its investments on investment grade securities. Securities rated investment grade generally are considered to be of higher credit quality and subject to lower default risk. Although securities rated below investment grade may offer the potential for higher yields, they generally are subject to a higher potential risk of loss.
The Fund attempts to limit interest rate risk by maintaining an aggregate portfolio duration of between two and eight years under normal market conditions. Aggregate portfolio duration is important to investors as an indication of the Funds sensitivity to changes in interest rates. Funds with higher durations generally are subject to greater interest rate risk. For example, the value of a fund with a portfolio duration of ten years would be expected to drop by 10% for every 1% increase in interest rates. The Funds actual portfolio duration may be longer or shorter depending upon market conditions. The Fund may also invest in short-term money market securities denominated in euros.
The Fund may invest up to 20% of its net assets in derivatives such as forward currency contracts and swaps. The Funds use of forward contracts and swaps will be underpinned by investments in cash or other liquid assets (typically short-term, high-quality U.S. money market securities) and is designed to provide exposure similar to investments in euro-denominated debt. A forward currency contract is an agreement to buy or sell a specific currency at a future date at a price set at the time of the contract. A swap is an agreement between two parties to exchange payments based on a reference asset, which may be a currency or interest rate but also may be a single asset, a pool of assets or an index of assets. The Fund also may enter into repurchase agreements with counterparties that are deemed to present acceptable credit risks. A repurchase agreement is a transaction in which the Fund purchases securities or other obligations from a bank or securities dealer and simultaneously commits to resell them to a counterparty at an agreed-upon date or upon demand and at a price reflecting a market rate of interest unrelated to the coupon rate or maturity of the purchased obligations. Assets not invested in euro-denominated debt generally will be invested in U.S. government securities and investment grademoney market instruments. The Fund may invest up to 20% of its assets in debt instruments denominated in U.S. dollars issued by EU governments, government agencies, corporations, regional development banks and supranational issuers.
The decision to secure exposure through direct investment in bonds or indirectly through derivative transactions will be a function of, among other things, market accessibility, credit exposure, tax ramifications and regulatory requirements applicable to U.S. investment companies. If, subsequent to an investment, the 80% requirement is no longer met, the Funds future investments will be made in a manner that will bring the Fund into compliance with this policy. The Trust will provide shareholders with sixty (60) days prior written notice of any change to this policy for the Fund.
Principal Risks of Investing in the Fund
You can lose money on your investment in the Fund. The Fund is subject to the risks described below. Some or all of these risks may adversely affect the Funds net asset value per share (NAV), trading price, yield, total return and/or ability to meet its objective.
n | Investment Risk. As with all investments, an investment in the Fund is subject to investment risk. Investors in the Fund could lose money, including the possible loss of the entire principal amount of an investment, over short or long periods of time. |
n | Market Risk. The trading prices of currencies, fixed income securities and other instruments fluctuate in response to a variety of factors. The Funds NAV and market price may fluctuate significantly in response to these factors. As a result, an investor could lose money over short or long periods of time. |
n | Shares of the Fund May Trade at Prices Other Than NAV. Although it is expected that the market price of the shares of the Fund will approximate the Funds NAV when purchased and sold in the secondary market, there may be times when the market price of the shares is more than the NAV intra-day (premium) or less than the NAV intra-day (discount). This risk is heightened in times of market volatility or periods of steep market declines. |
n | Cash Redemption Risk. The Funds investment strategy will require it to effect redemptions, in whole or in part, for cash, triggering security sales. The sale of non-U.S. denominated securities can generate realized foreign exchange losses which could impact the income distributions paid by the Fund. Additionally, the Fund may pay out higher annual capital gain distributions than if the in-kind redemption process was used exclusively. |
WisdomTree Trust Prospectus | 45 |
n | Counterparty and Issuer Credit Risk. The financial condition of an issuer of a debt security or other instrument or a counterparty to a derivative or other contract may cause such issuer or counterparty to default, become unable to pay interest or principal due or otherwise fail to honor its obligations. While the Fund attempts to limit credit and counterparty exposure in a manner consistent with its investment objective, the value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning in response to issuer or counterparty defaults and changes in the credit ratings of the Funds portfolio investments. |
n | Currency Exchange Rate Risk. The Fund invests a significant portion of its assets in investments denominated in euros, or in securities that provide exposure to euros, currency exchange rates or interest rates denominated in euros. Changes in currency exchange rates and the relative value of the euro will affect the value of the Funds investment and the value of your Fund shares. Currency exchange rates can be very volatile and can change quickly and unpredictably. As a result, the value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning and you may lose money. |
n | Derivatives Investment Risk. The Fund may invest in derivatives. Derivatives are subject to a number of risks described elsewhere in this Prospectus, such as interest rate risk, market risk, and credit risk. They also involve the risk that changes in the value of a derivative may not correlate perfectly with the underlying asset, rate or index, or that the counterparty to a derivative contract might default on its obligations. Derivatives can be volatile and may be less liquid than other securities. As a result, the value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning and you may lose money. |
n | Euro Investment Risk. The Fund invests primarily in securities denominated in euros and thus has significant exposure to the euro and events affecting the euro. Recent market events affecting several of the EU member countries have adversely affected the sovereign debt issued by those countries, and ultimately may lead to a decline in the value of the euro. |
n | Foreign Securities Risk. The Fund invests a significant portion of its assets in non-U.S. securities and instruments, or in securities that provide exposure to such securities and instruments. Investments in non-U.S. securities and instruments involve certain risks that may not be present with investments in U.S. securities, including the risk of loss due to foreign currency fluctuations or to political or economic instability. |
n | Geographic Concentration in Europe. Because the Fund concentrates its investments in Europe, the Funds performance is expected to be closely tied to social, political, and economic conditions within Europe and to be more volatile than the performance of more geographically diversified funds. Most developed countries in Western Europe are members of the European Union (EU), and many are also members of the European Monetary Union (EMU), which requires compliance with restrictions on inflation rates, deficits, and debt levels. Unemployment in certain European nations is historically high. In addition, the tight fiscal and monetary controls necessary to join the EMU can significantly affect every country in Europe. These and other factors could have a negative impact on the Funds performance and increase the volatility of an investment in the Fund. |
n | High Yield Securities Risk. Higher yielding, high risk debt securities, sometimes referred to as junk bonds, may present additional risk because these securities may be less liquid and present more credit risk than investment grade bonds. The price of high yield securities tends to be more susceptible to issuer-specific operating results and outlook and to real or perceived adverse economic and competitive industry conditions. |
n | Interest Rate Risk. Interest rate risk is the risk that fixed income securities will decline in value because of changes in interest rates and other factors, such as perception of an issuers creditworthiness. |
n | Issuer-Specific Risk. Issuer-specific events, including changes in the financial condition of an issuer, can have a negative impact on the value of the Fund. |
n | Management Risk. The Fund is actively managed using proprietary investment strategies and processes. There can be no guarantee that these strategies and processes will be successful or that the Fund will achieve its investment objective. |
n | Non-Diversification Risk. The Fund is considered to be non-diversified, which means that it may invest more of its assets in the securities of a single issuer or a smaller number of issuers than if it were a diversified fund. To the extent the Fund invests a significant percentage of its assets in a limited number of issuers, the Fund is subject to the risks of investing in those few issuers, and may be more susceptible to a single adverse economic or regulatory occurrence. As a result, changes in the market value of a single security could cause greater fluctuations in the value of Fund shares than would occur in a diversified fund. |
n | Repurchase Agreement Risk. The Funds investment in repurchase agreements may be subject to market and credit risk with respect to the collateral securing the repurchase agreements. Investments in repurchase agreements also may be subject to the risk that the market value of the underlying obligations may decline prior to the expiration of the repurchase agreement term. |
n | Sovereign Debt Risk. Bonds issued by governments, sometimes referred to as sovereign debt, present risks not associated with investments in other types of bonds. The government or agency issuing the debt may be unable or unwilling to make interest payments and/or repay the principal owed. In such instance, the Fund may have limited recourse against the issuing government or agency. In the past, governments of emerging market countries have refused to honor their payment obligations on issued bonds. |
46 | WisdomTree Trust Prospectus |
Fund Performance
Historical Fund performance, which varies over time, can provide an indication of the risks of investing in the Fund. The bar chart that follows shows the annual total returns of the Fund for each full calendar year since the Fund commenced operations. The table that follows the bar chart shows the Funds average annual total returns, both before and after taxes. The table also shows how the Funds performance compares to the BofA Merrill Lynch Euro Government Index, a relevant broad-based securities index, BofA Merrill Lynch Euro Currency One-Month LIBID Constant Maturity Index, the broad-based securities index used to measure the Funds performance during the prior fiscal year, the Spliced Euro Debt ex-Greece, Ireland, Italy, Portugal & Spain Composite and the Spliced Euro Debt Composite. Index returns do not reflect deductions for fees, expenses or taxes. All returns assume reinvestment of dividends and distributions. The Funds past performance (before and after taxes) is not necessarily an indication of how the Fund will perform in the future.
The Funds name and objective changed effective October 19, 2011. Fund performance prior to October 19, 2011 reflects the investment objective and style of the Fund when it was the WisdomTree Dreyfus Euro Fund and focused on short-term, euro-denominated money market instruments.
The Funds year-to-date total return as of September 30, 2012 was 5.94%.
Best and Worst Quarter Returns (for the period reflected in the bar chart above)
Return | Quarter/Year | |||||||
Highest Return |
11.41 | % | Q3/10 | |||||
Lowest Return |
(9.47 | )% | Q2/10 |
After-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Your actual after-tax returns will depend on your tax situation and may differ from those shown. After-tax returns shown are not relevant to investors who hold their Fund shares through tax-deferred arrangements, such as 401(k) plans or individual retirement accounts. In some cases the return after taxes may exceed the return before taxes due to an assumed tax benefit from any losses on a sale of Fund shares at the end of the measurement period.
Average Annual Total Returns for the periods ending December 31, 2011
WisdomTree Euro Debt Fund | 1 Year | Since Inception (5-14-2008) |
||||||
Return Before Taxes Based on NAV |
(2.07 | )% | (3.76 | )% | ||||
Return After Taxes on Distributions |
(2.60 | )% | (4.14 | )% | ||||
Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares |
(1.34 | )% | (3.38 | )% | ||||
BofA Merrill Lynch Euro Government Index* (Reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes) |
(0.02 | )% | (0.41 | )% | ||||
BofA Merrill Lynch Euro Currency One-Month LIBID Constant Maturity Index (Reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes) |
(2.22 | )% | (3.32 | )% | ||||
Spliced Euro Debt ex-Greece, Ireland, Italy, Portugal & Spain Composite** (Reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes) |
(0.57 | )% | (2.87 | )% | ||||
Spliced Euro Debt Composite*** (Reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes) |
(1.31 | )% | (3.07 | )% |
* | Previously, the Funds performance was compared to the BofA Merrill Lynch Euro Currency One-Month LIBID Constant Maturity Index as its primary benchmark. The Funds adviser has elected to compare the Funds performance to the BofA Merrill Lynch Euro Government Index because it believes this is the most appropriate measure for comparison to the Funds performance. |
** | The Spliced Euro Debt ex-Greece, Ireland, Italy, Portugal & Spain Composite tracks the BofA Merrill Lynch Euro Currency One-Month LIBID Constant Maturity Index through October 18, 2011. Thereafter, the composite tracks the BofA Merrill Lynch Euro Government Excluding Greece, Ireland, Italy, Portugal & Spain Index, which is a subset of the BofA Merrill Lynch Euro Government Index. It is a market capitalization-weighted index that tracks the performance of euro-denominated sovereign debt publicly issued by Euro member countries excluding Greece, Ireland, Italy, Portugal and Spain as the country of risk. |
*** | Reflects performance of the BofA Merrill Lynch Euro Currency One-Month LIBID Constant Maturity Index through October 18, 2011 and, thereafter, the BofA Merrill Lynch Euro Government Index. |
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Management
Investment Adviser and Sub-Adviser
WisdomTree Asset Management, Inc. serves as the investment adviser to the Fund. Mellon Capital Management Corporation serves as the sub-adviser to the Fund.
Portfolio Managers
David C. Kwan, CFA, a Managing Director, Fixed Income, has been a portfolio manager of the Fund since its inception.
Zandra Zelaya, CFA, a Director, Fixed Income, has been a portfolio manager of the Fund since its inception.
Buying and Selling Fund Shares
The Fund is an ETF. This means that shares of the Fund are listed on a national securities exchange, such as NYSE Arca, Inc., and trade at market prices. Most investors will buy and sell shares of the Fund through brokers. Because Fund shares trade at market prices rather than NAV, shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (premium) or less than NAV (discount).
The Fund issues and redeems shares at NAV only in large blocks of shares (Creation Units), which only institutions or large investors may purchase or redeem. Currently, Creation Units generally consist of 100,000 shares, though this may change from time to time. Creation Units are not expected to consist of less than 50,000 shares. The Fund generally issues and redeems Creation Units in exchange for a portfolio of fixed income securities closely approximating the holdings of the Fund or a designated basket of non-U.S. currency and/or an amount of U.S. cash.
Tax Information
The Fund intends to make distributions that may be taxed as ordinary income or capital gains.
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Additional Information About the Funds
Additional Investment Objective Information. Each Funds investment objective has been adopted as a non-fundamental investment policy and may be changed without a vote of shareholders upon at least 60 days prior written notice to shareholders.
Additional Information About the Funds Strategies. The Funds may invest in a variety of swap agreements, including interest rate swaps, inflation-linked swaps, total return swaps, and currency swaps. A swap is an agreement between two parties to exchange payments based on a reference asset, which may be a currency or interest rate, but also may be a single asset, a pool of assets or an index of assets. A currency swap is an agreement between two parties to exchange one currency for another at a future rate. An interest rate swap typically involves the exchange of one interest rate payment for another, such as a floating interest rate payment for a fixed payment. An inflation-linked swap is an agreement between two parties to exchange payments at a future date based on the difference between a fixed payment and a payment linked to the inflation rate at a future date. A credit default swap is an agreement between two parties in which one party makes a series of payments to the other party and, in exchange, receives a payoff in the event the loan defaults. A total return swap is an agreement between two parties in which one party pays a set rate in exchange for the total return of an underlying reference, typically an equity index, loans or bonds. A forward currency contract is an agreement to buy or sell a specific currency at a future date at a price set at the time of the contract.
Temporary Defensive Strategies. Each Fund reserves the right to invest in U.S. government securities, money market instruments, and cash, without limitation, as determined by the Adviser or Sub-Adviser in response to adverse market, economic, political, or other conditions. Each Fund also may hedge or minimize its exposure to one or more foreign currencies in response to such conditions. In the event that a Fund engages in temporary defensive strategies that are inconsistent with its investment strategies, the Funds ability to achieve its investment objective may be limited.
Additional Information About the Fixed Income Funds Strategies. The Asia Local Debt Fund, Australia & New Zealand Debt Fund, Emerging Markets Local Debt Fund, Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund and Euro Debt Fund (together, the Fixed Income Funds) intend to provide a broad-based exposure to local currency debt (except the Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund, which intends to provide a broad-based exposure to emerging market corporate debt) and therefore will invest in both investment grade and non-investment grade securities. The degree of credit risk for a particular security may be reflected in its credit rating. Investment grade debt securities are generally those rated Baa or higher by Moodys, or equivalently rated by S&P or Fitch, and typically subject to less credit risk than non-investment grade debt securities. The Funds generally do not expect to have more than 25% of their assets invested in non-investment grade securities, except the Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund, which expects to have 65% or more of its net assets invested in investment grade securities and not more than 35% of its net assets invested in non-investment grade securities. This may change from time to time based on market conditions and the condition of specific issuers and securities. Within the non-investment grade category, some issuers and instruments are considered to be of lower credit quality and at higher risk of default (commonly referred to as junk bonds). Although these instruments offer the potential for higher yields, they are considered speculative and generally are subject to a higher potential risk of loss. For these purposes, speculative securities are securities rated B or below by Moodys, or equivalently rated by S&P or Fitch, or, if unrated, determined by WisdomTree Asset Management to be of comparable quality. The Funds will limit their exposure to speculative issuers and securities to no more than 15% of its assets. However, this may change from time to time based on market conditions and the condition of specific issuers and securities.
Additional Information About the Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Funds Strategy. The Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund may invest in loan participation notes. A loan participation note is a type of short-term debt instrument. They typically are issued by an offshore special purpose vehicle for the purpose of funding a loan by the special purpose vehicle to an offshore corporation or other entity. Loan participation notes are sometimes used by companies in non-U.S. markets to raise money because tax regulations or other laws make it difficult or expensive for such companies to issue debt directly into the global bond market. If the company fails to repay the loan received from the special purpose vehicle, the special purpose vehicle generally will not be able to honor its obligation to repay the notes.
Additional Risk Information About the Funds
This section provides additional information regarding the principal risks described under Principal Risks of Investing in the Fund in the Fund Summaries. Risk information may not be applicable to each Fund. Please consult the Fund Summaries sections to determine which risks are applicable to a particular Fund.
Capital Controls Risk. Economic conditions, such as volatile currency exchange rates and interest rates, political events and other conditions may, without prior warning, lead to intervention by non-U.S. governments and the imposition of capital controls. Capital controls include the prohibition of, or restrictions on, the ability to transfer currency, securities or other assets. Levies may be placed on profits repatriated by foreign entities (such as the Fund). Capital controls may impact
WisdomTree Trust Prospectus | 49 |
the ability of a Fund to buy, sell or otherwise transfer securities or currency, adversely affect the trading market and price for shares of the Fund, and cause the Fund to decline in value.
Cash Redemption Risk. Each Funds investment strategy will require it to effect redemptions, in whole or in part, for cash or to otherwise include cash. The Funds may be required to sell or unwind portfolio investments in order to obtain the cash needed to distribute redemption proceeds. This may cause a Fund to recognize capital gains that it might not have recognized if it had made a redemption in-kind. As a result, the Funds may pay out higher annual capital gain distributions than if the in-kind redemption process was used exclusively. Additionally, the sale of non-U.S. denominated securities by the Fixed Income Funds triggered by such redemptions may generate realized foreign exchange losses that could impact the income distributions paid by such Funds.
CNH Market Risk. The Chinese Yuan Fund invests in money market securities and other instruments, including forward currency contracts and swaps, denominated in Chinese yuan that trade and settle in Hong Kong and other markets outside of mainland China, which, taken together, comprise the CNH market. While the CNH market is expected to continue to grow, it is relatively new and may not be as liquid as more established markets. In light of this, the Fund intends to manage its exposure to the CNH market in a prudent manner consistent with its investment objective.
Commodity Country Risk. The Commodity Currency Fund invests a significant portion of its assets in investments designed to provide exposure to both the currencies and money market rates available to foreign investors in selected commodity-producing countries. As the demand for, or price of, such commodities increases, money tends to flow into the country. This generally lifts the countrys economic prospects and supports the value of its currency. Conversely, declines in the demand for, or value of, such commodities historically have contributed to declines in the relative value of these countries currencies. Such declines may occur quickly and without warning and may negatively impact the value of the Commodity Currency Fund and your investment.
Counterparty and Issuer Credit Risk. The financial condition of an issuer of a debt security or other issuer may cause it to default or become unable to pay interest or principal due on the security. A Fund cannot collect interest and principal payments on a security if the issuer defaults. Recent events in the financial sector have resulted in increased concerns about credit risk and exposure. Well-known financial institutions have experienced significant liquidity and other problems and have defaulted on their debt. The degree of credit risk for a particular debt security or other issuer may be reflected in its credit rating. A credit rating is a measure of a bond issuers ability to make timely payments of interest and principal. Rating agencies (such as Moodys Investors Service, Inc., Standard & Poors Corporation, or Fitch) assign letter designations typically ranging from AAA to A- (lower default risk) through CCC to C (higher default risk) or D (in default). A credit rating of BBB or higher generally is considered investment grade. Credit ratings are subjective, do not remove market risk, and represent the opinions of the rating agencies as to the quality of the securities they rate. Credit ratings can change quickly and may not accurately reflect the risk of an issuer. Generally, investment risk and price volatility increase as the credit rating of a security declines. While each Fund attempts to limit credit exposure in a manner consistent with its respective investment objective, the value of an investment in a Fund may change quickly and without warning in response to issuer defaults and changes in the credit ratings of the Funds portfolio investments.
Each Fund intends to engage in investment transactions or enter into derivative or other contracts with third parties (i.e., counterparties). For example, the Funds intend to enter into forward currency contracts and swap transactions. A Fund bears the risk that the counterparty to such contracts may default on its obligations or otherwise fail to honor its obligations. If a counterparty defaults on its payment obligations the Fund will lose money and the value of an investment in Fund shares may decrease. In addition, the Funds may engage in such investment transactions with a limited number of counterparties, which may increase the Funds exposure to counterparty credit risk. Listed futures contracts can be traded on futures exchanges without material counterparty credit. After a trade is cleared, the exchange is the ultimate counterparty for all contracts, so the counterparty risk on a listed futures contract ultimately is the creditworthiness of the exchanges clearing corporation.
Currency Exchange Rate Risk. Each Fund, except the Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund, invests a significant portion of its assets in investments denominated in non-U.S. currencies, or in securities that provide exposure to such currencies, currency exchange rates or interest rates denominated in such currencies. While the Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund intends to focus its investment on Corporate Debt denominated in U.S. dollars, the Fund may invest a portion of its assets in investments denominated in non-U.S. currencies or in securities that provide exposure to such currencies, currency exchange rates or interest rates denominated in such currencies. Changes in currency exchange rates and the relative value of non-U.S. currencies will affect the value of a Funds investment and the value of the Fund shares. Because a Funds NAV is determined on the basis of U.S. dollars, the U.S. dollar value of your investment in a Fund may go down if the value of the local currency of the non-U.S. markets in which the Fund invests depreciates against the U.S. dollar. This is true even if the local currency value of securities in a Funds holdings goes up. Conversely, the dollar value of your investment in a Fund may go up if the value of the local currency appreciates against the U.S. dollar.
The value of the U.S. dollar measured against other currencies is influenced by a variety of factors. These factors include interest rates, national debt levels and trade deficits, changes in balances of payments and trade, domestic and foreign interest and inflation rates, global or regional political, economic or financial events, monetary policies of governments, actual or
50 | WisdomTree Trust Prospectus |
potential government intervention, and global energy prices. Political instability, the possibility of government intervention and restrictive or opaque business and investment policies may also reduce the value of a countrys currency. Government monetary policies and the buying or selling of currency by a countrys government may also influence exchange rates. Currency exchange rates can be very volatile and can change quickly and unpredictably. As a result, the value of an investment in a Fund may change quickly and without warning and you may lose money.
Derivatives Investment Risk. Each Fund may invest in derivatives. Derivatives are financial instruments that derive their performance from an underlying asset, index, interest rate or currency exchange rate, such as forward currency contracts, futures contracts and currency, interest rate swaps, total return swaps, and credit-linked notes. A forward currency contract is an agreement to buy or sell a specific currency at a future date at a price set at the time of the contract. A non-deliverable forward currency contract is a contract where there is no physical settlement of two currencies at maturity. Rather, based on the movement of the currencies, a net cash settlement will be made by one party to the other. A futures contract is a standardized contract traded on a recognized exchange in which two parties agree to exchange either a specified financial asset or the cash equivalent of said asset of standardized quantity and quality for a price agreed upon today (the future price or the strike price) with delivery occurring at a specified future date. A currency swap is an agreement between two parties to exchange one currency for another at a future rate. An interest rate swap involves the exchange of a floating interest rate payment for a fixed interest payment. A total return swap is an agreement between two parties in which one party agrees to make payments of the total return of a reference asset in return for payments equal to a rate of interest on another reference asset. A credit-linked note is a type of structured note whose value is linked to an underlying reference asset or entity. Credit-linked notes typically provide periodic payments of interest as well as payment of principal upon maturity. Derivatives are subject to a number of risks described elsewhere in this Prospectus, such as credit risk, interest rate risk, and market risk. They also involve the risk that changes in the value of a derivative may not correlate perfectly with the underlying asset, rate or index. The counterparty to a derivative contract might default on its obligations. Derivatives can be volatile and may be less liquid than other securities. As a result, the value of an investment in a Fund may change quickly and without warning and you may lose money.
Emerging Markets Risk. Investments in securities and instruments traded in developing or emerging markets or that provide exposure to such securities or markets, can involve additional risks relating to political, economic, or regulatory conditions not associated with investments in U.S. securities and instruments. For example, developing and emerging markets may be subject to (i) greater market volatility, (ii) lower trading volume and liquidity, (iii) greater social, political and economic uncertainty, (iv) governmental controls on foreign investments and limitations on repatriation of invested capital, (v) lower disclosure, corporate governance, auditing and financial reporting standards, (vi) fewer protections of property rights, (vii) restrictions on the transfer of securities or currency, and (viii) settlement and trading practices that differ from U.S. markets. Each of these factors may impact the ability of each Fund (except for the Australia & New Zealand Debt Fund and Euro Debt Fund) to buy, sell or otherwise transfer securities, adversely affect the trading market and price for Fund shares, and cause the Fund to decline in value.
Euro Investment Risk. The Euro Debt Fund invests primarily in securities denominated in euros, the official currency of the European Union (EU), and thus has significant exposure to the euro and events affecting the euro. Recent market events affecting several of the EU member countries have adversely affected the sovereign debt issued by those countries, and ultimately may lead to a decline in the value of the euro. A significant decline in the value of the euro may produce unpredictable effects on trade and commerce generally and could lead to increased volatility in financial markets worldwide. The adviser and sub-adviser closely monitor the value of the euro and events that may adversely affect the value of the euro, and will make changes to the Funds investment program to the extent necessary to seek to mitigate any adverse effects on the Fund.
Foreign Securities Risk. Each Fund invests a significant portion of its assets in non-U.S. securities and instruments, or in securities that provide exposure to such securities and instruments. Investments in non-U.S. securities and instruments involve certain risks that may not be present with investments in U.S. securities. For example, investments in non-U.S. securities may be subject to risk of loss due to foreign currency fluctuations or to political or economic instability. There may be less information publicly available about a non-U.S. issuer than a U.S. issuer. Non-U.S. issuers may be subject to different accounting, auditing, financial reporting and investor protection standards than U.S. issuers. Investments in non-U.S. securities may be subject to withholding or other taxes and may be subject to additional trading, settlement, custodial, and operational risks. With respect to certain countries, there is the possibility of government intervention and expropriation or nationalization of assets. Because legal systems differ, there is also the possibility that it will be difficult to obtain or enforce legal judgments in certain countries.
Geographic Concentration in Australia and New Zealand. The Australia & New Zealand Debt Fund concentrates its investments in Australia and New Zealand. The Funds performance is expected to be closely tied to social, political, and economic conditions within these countries and to be more volatile than the performance of more geographically diversified funds. The economies of Australia and New Zealand are both heavily dependent on the demand for commodity exports, including agricultural products. As a result, both economies are particularly vulnerable to international commodity prices and global economic slowdowns. These and other factors could have a negative impact on the Funds performance and increase the volatility of an investment in the Fund.
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Geographic Concentration in Brazil. The Brazilian Real Fund concentrates its investments in Brazil. The Funds performance is expected to be closely tied to social, political, and economic conditions within Brazil and to be more volatile than the performance of more geographically diversified funds. The Brazilian economy is sensitive to fluctuations in commodity prices and commodity markets. Additionally, the Brazilian economy generally has experienced and may continue to experience high inflation rates. While the Brazilian economy has experienced growth in recent years, there is no guarantee that this growth will continue. The Brazilian government currently imposes significant taxes on the transfer of currency. These and other factors could have a negative impact on the Funds performance and increase the volatility of an investment in the Fund.
Geographic Concentration in China. The Chinese Yuan Fund concentrates its investments in China. The Funds performance is expected to be closely tied to social, political, and economic conditions within China and to be more volatile than the performance of more geographically diversified funds. The government of China maintains strict currency controls in order to achieve economic, trade and political objectives and regularly intervenes in the currency market. The Chinese government places strict regulation on the yuan and manages the yuan so that it has historically traded in a tight range relative to the U.S. dollar. The Chinese government has been under pressure to manage the currency in a less restrictive fashion so that it is less correlated to the U.S. dollar. It is expected that such action would increase the value of the yuan relative to the U.S. dollar. Of course, there can be no guarantee that this will occur, or that the yuan will move in relation to the U.S. dollar as expected. These and other factors could have a negative impact on the Funds performance and increase the volatility of an investment in the Fund.
Geographic Concentration in Europe. The Euro Debt Fund concentrates its investments in Europe. The Funds performance is expected to be closely tied to social, political, and economic conditions within Europe and to be more volatile than the performance of more geographically diversified funds. Most developed countries in Western Europe are members of the European Union (EU), and many are also members of the European Monetary Union (EMU), which requires compliance with restrictions on inflation rates, deficits, and debt levels. Unemployment in certain European nations is historically high. In addition, the tight fiscal and monetary controls necessary to join the EMU can significantly affect every country in Europe. These and other factors could have a negative impact on the Funds performance and increase the volatility of an investment in the Fund.
Geographic Concentration in India. The Indian Rupee Fund concentrates its investments in India. The Funds performance is expected to be closely tied to social, political, and economic conditions within India and to be more volatile than the performance of more geographically diversified funds. The Indian government has exercised and continues to exercise significant influence over many aspects of the economy. While the government of India is moving to a more liberal approach, it still places restrictions on the capability and capacity of foreign investors to access and trade rupee directly. While the Indian economy generally has experienced growth in recent years, there is no guarantee that this growth will continue. These and other factors could have a negative impact on the Funds performance and increase the volatility of an investment in the Fund.
High Yield Securities Risk. Each Fixed Income Fund may invest a limited portion of its assets in securities rated lower than Baa by Moodys, or equivalently rated by S&P or Fitch. Such securities are sometimes referred to as high yield securities or junk bonds. Investing in these securities involves special risks in addition to the risks associated with investments in higher-rated fixed income securities. While offering a greater potential for capital appreciation and higher yields, high yield securities typically entail higher price volatility and may be less liquid than securities with higher ratings. High yield securities may be regarded as predominantly speculative with respect to the issuers continuing ability to meet principal and interest payments. Issuers of securities in default may fail to resume principal or interest payments, in which case the Funds may lose their entire investment.
Interest Rate Risk. The market value of fixed income securities, and financial instruments related to fixed income securities, will change in response to changes in interest rates and may change in response to other factors, such as perception of an issuers creditworthiness. As interest rates rise, the value of certain fixed income securities is likely to decrease. Similarly, if interest rates decline, the value of fixed income securities is likely to increase. While securities with longer maturities tend to produce higher yields, the prices of longer maturity securities tend to be more sensitive to changes in interest rates and thus subject to greater volatility than securities with shorter maturities. The average portfolio maturity of a Fund is the average of all the current maturities of the individual securities in the Funds portfolio. Average portfolio maturity is important to investors as an indication of the Funds sensitivity to changes in interest rates. Funds with longer portfolio maturities generally are subject to greater interest rate risk.
Investment in Asia Risk. The Asia Local Debt Funds investments will have significant exposure to Asia. The Commodity Currency Fund, Emerging Currency Fund, and Emerging Markets Local Debt Fund also may have significant exposure to Asia. As a result, the Funds will be susceptible to loss due to adverse market, political, regulatory, and geographic events affecting that region. While certain Asian economies are exemplars of growth and development others have been and continue to be subject, to some extent, to over-extension of credit, currency devaluations and restrictions, high unemployment, high inflation, decreased exports and economic recessions. Each of these factors may impact the ability of the Funds to buy, sell or otherwise transfer securities, adversely affect the trading market and price for Fund shares and cause the Funds to decline in value.
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Investment Risk. As with all investments, an investment in the Funds is subject to investment risk. Investors in the Funds could lose money, including the possible loss of the entire principal amount of an investment, over short or long periods of time. An investment in the Funds is not a bank deposit and it is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency.
Issuer-Specific Risk. Changes in the financial condition of an issuer or counterparty, changes in specific economic or political conditions that affect a particular type of security or issuer, and changes in general economic or political conditions can affect a securitys or instruments value. The value of securities of smaller, less well-known issuers can be more volatile than that of larger issuers. Issuer-specific events can have a negative impact on the value of the Funds.
Management Risk. The Funds are actively managed using proprietary investment strategies and processes. There can be no guarantee that these strategies and processes will produce the intended results and no guarantee that the Funds will achieve their investment objective or outperform other investment strategies over the short- or long-term market cycles.
Market Risk. The trading prices of currencies, fixed income securities and other instruments fluctuate in response to a variety of factors. These factors include events impacting the entire market or specific market segments, such as political, market and economic developments, as well as events that impact specific issuers. A Funds NAV and market price, like security and commodity prices generally, may fluctuate significantly in response to these and other factors. As a result, an investor could lose money over short or long periods of time.
Non-Diversification Risk. Although the Funds intend to invest in a variety of securities and instruments, the Funds will be considered to be non-diversified, which means that they may invest more of their assets in the securities of a single issuer or a smaller number of issuers than if it were a diversified fund. As a result, the Funds may be more exposed to the risks associated with and developments affecting an individual issuer or a smaller number of issuers than a fund that invests more widely. This may increase a Funds volatility and cause the performance of a relatively smaller number of issuers to have a greater impact on the Funds performance.
Offshore Investor Risk. The opportunity for offshore investors, such as the Funds, to access certain markets can be limited due to a variety of factors including government regulations, adverse tax treatment, and currency convertibility issues. These limitations and restrictions may impact the availability, liquidity and pricing of securities designed to provide offshore investors with exposure to such markets. As a result, returns achieved by offshore investors, such as the Funds, could differ from those available to domestic investors in the selected countries.
Repurchase Agreement Risk. The Funds will enter into repurchase agreements only with counterparties that are deemed to present acceptable credit risks, and the collateral securing the repurchase agreements generally will be limited to U.S. government securities and cash. If the market value of the underlying obligations of a repurchase agreement declines, the counterparty must provide additional collateral so that at all times the value of the collateral is greater than the repurchase price of the underlying obligations. Nonetheless, should a counterparty become insolvent or otherwise default, there could be a delay before a Fund is able to liquidate the collateral, which would subject the collateral and the Fund to market risk during that period.
Shares of the Funds May Trade at Prices Other Than NAV. As with all ETFs, Fund shares may be bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. Although it is expected that the market price of the shares of each Fund will approximate the Funds NAV, there may be times when the market price and the NAV vary significantly. Thus, you may pay more (or less) than NAV intra-day when you buy shares of a Fund in the secondary market, and you may receive more (or less) than NAV when you sell those shares in the secondary market.
Sovereign Debt Risk. The Funds investments in sovereign debt, which includes securities issued or guaranteed by a foreign sovereign government, present risks not associated with investments in other types of bonds. The issuer of the sovereign debt that controls the repayment of the debt may be unable or unwilling to repay principal or interest payments when due, and the Funds may have limited recourse against the issuing government or agency in the event of a default. During periods of economic uncertainty, the market prices of sovereign debt, and a Funds NAV, may be more volatile than prices of U.S. bonds. In the past, governments of certain emerging market countries have encountered difficulties in servicing their debt obligations, withheld payments of principal and interest, refused to honor their payment obligations on their sovereign debt, and restructured their indebtedness. The restructuring of sovereign debt may involve obtaining additional credit to finance outstanding obligations and the reduction or rescheduling of payments of interest and principal. As a holder of such sovereign debt, the Funds may be asked to participate in the restructuring of such sovereign indebtedness. There can be no assurance that such restructurings will result in the full repayment of the issuers sovereign debt.
Portfolio Holdings Information
Information about the Funds daily portfolio holdings is available at www.wisdomtree.com. In addition, each Fund discloses its complete portfolio holdings as of the end of its fiscal year (August 31) and its second fiscal quarter (February 28) in its reports to shareholders. Each Fund files its complete portfolio holdings as of the end of its first and third fiscal quarters (November 30 and May 31, respectively) with the SEC on Form N-Q no later than 60 days after the relevant fiscal period. You can find the SEC filings on the SECs website, www.sec.gov. A summarized description of the Funds policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure of the Funds portfolio holdings is available in the Trusts Statement of Additional Information (SAI).
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As investment adviser, WisdomTree Asset Management, Inc. (WisdomTree Asset Management) has overall responsibility for the general management and administration of the Trust. WisdomTree Investments, Inc. (WisdomTree Investments) is the parent company of WisdomTree Asset Management. WisdomTree Asset Management provides an investment program for each Fund. WisdomTree Asset Management also arranges for sub-advisory, transfer agency, custody, fund administration, and all other non-distribution related services necessary for the Funds to operate.
For the fiscal year ended August 31, 2012, each Fund paid WisdomTree Asset Management advisory fees at an annual rate equal to the following percentage of each Funds average daily net assets:
Name of Fund | Advisory Fee Rate | |||
Brazilian Real Fund | 0.45 | % | ||
Chinese Yuan Fund | 0.45 | % | ||
Commodity Currency Fund | 0.55 | % | ||
Emerging Currency Fund | 0.55 | % | ||
Indian Rupee Fund | 0.45 | % | ||
Asia Local Debt Fund | 0.55 | % | ||
Australia & New Zealand Debt Fund | 0.45 | % | ||
Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund | 0.60 | % | ||
Emerging Markets Local Debt Fund | 0.55 | % | ||
Euro Debt Fund | 0.35 | % |
Under the Investment Advisory Agreement for each Fund, WisdomTree Asset Management has agreed to pay all expenses of the Funds, except for: (i) brokerage expenses and other expenses (such as stamp taxes) connected with the execution of portfolio transactions or in connection with creation and redemption transactions; (ii) legal fees or expenses in connection with any arbitration, litigation or pending or threatened arbitration or litigation, including any settlements in connection therewith; (iii) compensation and expenses of each independent trustee; (iv) compensation and expenses of counsel to the independent trustees; (v) compensation and expenses of the Trusts Chief Compliance Officer (CCO); (vi) extraordinary expenses; (vii) distribution fees and expenses paid by the Trust under any distribution plan adopted pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act; and (viii) the advisory fee payable to WisdomTree Asset Management. Pursuant to a separate contractual arrangement, WisdomTree Asset Management arranges for the provision of CCO services with respect to each Fund, and is liable and responsible for, and administers payments to the CCO, the Independent Trustees and counsel to the Independent Trustees. WisdomTree Asset Management receives a fee of up to 0.0044% of each Funds average daily net assets for providing such services and paying such expenses. WisdomTree Asset Management provides CCO services to the Trust.
The basis for the Board of Trustees approval of the Funds Investment Advisory Agreement is available in the Trusts Annual Report to Shareholders for the period ending August 31, 2012.
WisdomTree Asset Management is a registered investment adviser with offices located at 380 Madison Avenue, 21st Floor, New York, NY 10017 and is a leader in ETF management.
As of November 30, 2012, WisdomTree Asset Management had assets under management totaling approximately $17.2 billion.
The sub-adviser to the Funds (except for the Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund) is Mellon Capital Management Corporation (Mellon Capital). Mellon Capital is a leading innovator in the investment industry and manages global quantitative-based investment strategies for institutional and private investors. As of November 30, 2012, Mellon Capital had assets under management totaling approximately $256.4 billion. Mellon Capital is a wholly-owned indirect subsidiary of BNY Mellon. Mellon Capital is a registered investment adviser with offices located at 50 Fremont Street, San Francisco, California 94105. WisdomTree Asset Management pays Mellon Capital for providing sub-advisory services to the Funds.
The sub-advisers to the Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund are Western Asset Management Company (Western Asset Management), Western Asset Management Company Limited (Western Asset London) and Western Asset Management Company Pte. Ltd. in Singapore (Western Singapore and together with Western Asset Management and Western Asset London, Western Asset), each of which is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Legg Mason, Inc. Established in 1971, Western Asset Management has offices located at 385 East Colorado Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91101 and 620 Eighth Avenue,
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New York, New York 10018 and acts as investment adviser to institutional accounts, such as corporate pension plans, mutual funds and endowment funds. Founded in 1984, Western Asset London was has offices located at 10 Exchange Place, Primrose Street, London EC2A 2EN, England. Western Asset Singapore was founded in 2000 and has offices located at 1 George Street #23-01, Singapore 049145. Western Asset London and Western Asset Singapore provide certain sub-advisory services that relate to currency transactions and investments in non-U.S. dollar-denominated securities and related foreign currency instruments. Each Western Asset office provides services relating to relevant portions of the Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund as appropriate. As of November 30, 2012, the total assets under management of Western Asset and its supervised affiliates, including Western Asset Management, Western Asset London and Western Singapore, were approximately $462.3 billion.
Mellon Capital is responsible for the day-to-day management of each Fund (except for the Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund) and Western Asset is responsible for the day-to-day management of the Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund. The sub-advisers choose each Funds portfolio investments and place orders to buy and sell the Funds portfolio investments.
The basis for the Board of Trustees approval of the Funds Investment Sub-Advisory Agreements is available in the Trusts Annual Report to Shareholders for the period ended August 31, 2012.
WisdomTree Asset Management, as the investment adviser for the Funds, may hire one or more sub-advisers to oversee the day-to-day activities of the Funds. The sub-advisers are subject to oversight by WisdomTree Asset Management. WisdomTree Asset Management and the Trust have obtained an exemptive order from the SEC that permits WisdomTree Asset Management, with the approval of the Independent Trustees of the Trust, to retain unaffiliated investment sub-advisers for each of the Funds without submitting the sub-advisory agreement to a vote of the Funds shareholders. The Trust will notify shareholders in the event of any change in the identity of such sub-adviser or sub-advisers. WisdomTree Asset Management has ultimate responsibility for the investment performance of the Funds due to its responsibility to oversee each sub-adviser and recommend their hiring, termination and replacement. WisdomTree Asset Management is not required to disclose fees paid to any sub-adviser retained pursuant to the order.
Mellon Capital. Mellon Capital utilizes teams of investment professionals acting together to manage the assets of each Fund, except the Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund. The teams meet regularly to review portfolio holdings and to discuss purchase and sale activity. The teams adjust holdings in each Funds portfolio as they deem appropriate in the pursuit of the Funds investment objective.
The individual members of the team who are primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of each Funds portfolio (except for the Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Funds portfolio) are listed below.
David C. Kwan, CFA, is a Managing Director of Mellon Capitals Fixed Income Team and has been a Managing Director of Mellon Capital since 2000. He has also been the Head of the Fixed Income Management Group since 1994. He received his M.B.A. from the University of California at Berkeley in 1990. Mr. Kwan has 22 years of investment experience.
Lisa Mears OConnor, CFA, is a Managing Director of Mellon Capitals Fixed Income Team and has been a Managing Director of Mellon Capital since 2010. She manages Mellon Capitals active Fixed Income Team. She received her M.B.A. from the University of California at Berkeley in 2002. Ms. Mears OConnor attained the Chartered Financial Analyst designation in 1998. Ms. Mears OConnor has over 20 years of investment experience.
Stephanie Shu, CFA, is a Director of Mellon Capitals Active Fixed Income Team. Ms. Shu has attained the Chartered Financial Analyst designation. She received her M.S. from Texas A&M University and has over 15 years of investment experience.
Zandra Zelaya, CFA, is a Director of Mellon Capitals Fixed Income Team and has been a Director of Fixed Income at Mellon Capital since November 2009. From November 2007 to November 2009 she was a Vice President, Fixed Income at Mellon Capital. Ms. Zelaya joined Mellon Capital in 1997 as a fixed income associate. Throughout the years she has held various positions in the Fixed Income Management Group including Senior Portfolio Manager from 2002 to 2006 and Assistant Vice President from 2006 to November 2007. Ms. Zelaya has attained the Chartered Financial Analyst designation. She graduated with a B.S. from California State University, Hayward. Ms. Zelaya has 17 years of investment experience.
Mr. Kwan, Ms. OConnor and Ms. Shu manage the Emerging Markets Local Debt Fund and Asia Local Debt Fund. Mr. Kwan and Ms. Zelaya manage the Currency Income Funds, Euro Debt Fund, and Australia & New Zealand Debt Fund. Each portfolio manager has managed each Fund since inception.
Western Asset. Western Asset utilizes a broad team of portfolio managers, sector specialists and other investment professionals to manage the assets of the Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund. In the context of this larger team, senior portfolio managers work together to manage the assets of the Fund, develop and implement investment strategy, and coordinate with other relevant
WisdomTree Trust Prospectus | 55 |
investment team members. The senior portfolio managers meet regularly to review portfolio holdings, discuss purchase and sale activity, and adjust holdings in the Funds portfolio as they deem appropriate in the pursuit of the Funds investment objective.
The individual members of the investment team who are primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Funds portfolio are listed below.
Stephen A. Walsh has been the Chief Investment Officer of Western Asset Management since 2009. Mr. Walsh is responsible for the oversight of all aspects of Western Asset Managements business. Prior to that time, he served as Western Asset Managements Deputy Chief Investment Officer for 21 years. He received his B.S. from the University of Colorado at Boulder. Mr. Walsh has 31 years of investment experience.
Keith J. Gardner has been the Head of Developing Markets of Western Asset Management since 1994. Prior to that time, he served as a portfolio manager for Legg Mason, Inc. and T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc. for a combined total of seven years. He received his B.S. from the State University of New York at Binghamton. Mr. Gardner has 29 years of investment experience.
Matthew C. Duda, CFA, has been a portfolio manager and research analyst at Western Asset Management since 2001. Prior to that time, he was a Vice President and Investment Strategist at Credit Suisse-First Boston Corporation for four years. Mr. Duda has attained the CFA designation. He received his M.A. from New York University and his B.A. from the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. Mr. Duda has 19 years of investment experience.
The Trusts SAI provides additional information about the Portfolio Managers compensation, other accounts managed by the Portfolio Managers, and the Portfolio Managers ownership of shares in the Funds for which they are Portfolio Managers.
Additional Information on Buying and Selling Shares
Most investors will buy and sell shares of the Funds through brokers. Shares of the Funds trade on national securities exchanges and elsewhere during the trading day and can be bought and sold throughout the trading day like other shares of publicly traded securities. When buying or selling shares through a broker, most investors will incur customary brokerage commissions and charges. Shares of the Funds trade under the trading symbols listed on the cover of this Prospectus and in each Funds Summary section.
As with other types of securities, the trading prices of shares in the secondary market can be affected by market forces such as supply and demand, economic conditions and other factors. The price you pay or receive when you buy or sell your shares in the secondary market may be more or less than the NAV of such shares.
The approximate value of shares of each Fund is disseminated every 15 seconds throughout the trading day by the national securities exchange on which such Fund is listed or by other information providers. This approximate value should not be viewed as a real time update of the NAV, because the approximate value may not be calculated in the same manner as the NAV, which is computed once per day. The approximate value generally is determined by using amortized cost for securities with remaining maturities of 60 days or less, current market quotations and/or price quotations obtained from broker-dealers that may trade in the portfolio securities held by the Funds. The Funds are not involved in, or responsible for, the calculation or dissemination of the approximate value and make no warranty as to its accuracy.
Determination of Net Asset Value
The NAV of each Funds shares is calculated each day the New York Stock Exchange is open for trading as of the close of regular trading, generally 4:00 p.m., New York time. NAV per share is calculated by dividing a Funds net assets by the number of Fund shares outstanding.
In calculating its NAV, each Fund generally values its assets on the basis of market quotations, last sale prices, or estimates of value furnished by a pricing service or brokers who make markets in such instruments. Debt obligations with maturities of 60 days or less are valued at amortized cost, which approximates fair value.
Fair value pricing is used by the Funds when reliable market valuations are not readily available or are not deemed to reflect current market values. For these purposes, a price based on amortized cost is considered a market valuation. Securities that may be valued using fair value pricing may include, but are not limited to, securities for which there are no current market quotations or whose issuer is in default or bankruptcy, securities subject to corporate actions (such as mergers or reorganizations), securities subject to non-U.S. investment limits or currency controls, and securities affected by significant events. An example of a significant event is an event occurring after the close of the market in which a security trades but before a Funds next NAV calculation time that may materially affect the value of a Funds investment (e.g., government action, natural disaster, or significant market fluctuation). When fair-value pricing is employed, the prices of securities used by a Fund to calculate its NAV may differ from quoted or published prices for the same securities.
Transactions in Fund shares will be priced at NAV only if you purchase or redeem shares directly from a Fund in Creation Units. Fund shares are purchased or sold on a national securities exchange at market prices, which may be higher or lower than NAV.
56 | WisdomTree Trust Prospectus |
Each of the Fixed Income Funds intends to pay out dividends, if any, on a monthly basis, but in any event no less frequently than annually. Each of the Brazilian Real Fund, Chinese Yuan Fund, Commodity Currency Fund, Emerging Currency Fund, and Indian Rupee Fund (together, the Currency Funds) intends to pay out dividends, if any, on an annual basis.
Each Fund intends to distribute its net realized capital gains, if any, to investors annually. The Funds may occasionally be required to make supplemental distributions at some other time during the year. Distributions in cash may be reinvested automatically in additional whole shares only if the broker through whom you purchased shares makes such option available. Your broker is responsible for distributing the income and capital gain distributions to you.
Shares of the Funds are held in book-entry form, which means that no stock certificates are issued. The Depository Trust Company (DTC) or its nominee is the record owner of all outstanding shares of each Fund.
Investors owning shares of the Funds are beneficial owners as shown on the records of DTC or its participants. DTC serves as the securities depository for all shares of the Funds. Participants include DTC, securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations, and other institutions that directly or indirectly maintain a custodial relationship with DTC. As a beneficial owner of shares, you are not entitled to receive physical delivery of stock certificates or to have shares registered in your name, and you are not considered a registered owner of shares. Therefore, to exercise any right as an owner of shares, you must rely upon the procedures of DTC and its participants. These procedures are the same as those that apply to any securities that you hold in book entry or street name form. Your broker will provide you with account statements, confirmations of your purchases and sales, and tax information.
Delivery of Shareholder Documents Householding
Householding is an option available to certain investors of the Funds. Householding is a method of delivery, based on the preference of the individual investor, in which a single copy of certain shareholder documents can be delivered to investors who share the same address, even if their accounts are registered under different names. Householding for the Funds is available through certain broker-dealers. If you are interested in enrolling in householding and receiving a single copy of prospectuses and other shareholder documents, please contact your broker-dealer. If you are currently enrolled in householding and wish to change your householding status, please contact your broker-dealer.
Frequent Purchases and Redemptions of Fund Shares
The Funds have adopted policies and procedures with respect to frequent purchases and redemptions of Creation Units of Fund shares. Since the Funds are ETFs, only a few institutional investors (known as Authorized Participants) are authorized to purchase and redeem shares directly with the Funds. Because purchase and redemption transactions with Authorized Participants are an essential part of the ETF process and help keep ETF trading prices in line with NAV, each Fund accommodates frequent purchases and redemptions of Creation Units by Authorized Participants. Frequent purchases and redemptions for cash may increase portfolio transaction costs and may lead to realization of capital gains. Frequent in-kind creations and redemptions do not give rise to these concerns. Each Fund reserves the right to reject any purchase order at any time. Each Fund reserves the right to impose restrictions on disruptive, excessive, or short-term trading and may reject purchase orders in such instances.
Investments by Registered Investment Companies
Section 12(d)(1) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 restricts investments by registered investment companies in the securities of other investment companies, including shares of each Fund. Registered investment companies are permitted to invest in the Funds beyond the limits set forth in section 12(d)(1), subject to certain terms and conditions set forth in an SEC exemptive order issued to the WisdomTree Trust, including that such investment companies enter into an agreement with the Funds.
The following discussion is a summary of some important U.S. federal income tax considerations generally applicable to investments in the Funds. Your investment in a Fund may have other tax implications. Please consult your tax advisor about the tax consequences of an investment in Fund shares, including the possible application of foreign, state and local tax laws.
Each Fund intends to qualify each year for treatment as a regulated investment company. If it meets certain minimum distribution requirements, a regulated investment company is not subject to tax at the fund level on income and gains from investments that are distributed to shareholders. However, a Funds failure to qualify as a regulated investment company or to meet minimum distribution requirements would result in fund-level taxation, and consequently, a reduction in income available for distribution to shareholders.
WisdomTree Trust Prospectus | 57 |
Unless your investment in shares is made through a tax-exempt entity or tax-deferred retirement account, such as an individual retirement account, you need to be aware of the possible tax consequences when:
n | A Fund makes distributions; |
n | You sell shares; and |
n | You purchase or redeem Creation Units (for institutional investors only). |
For federal income tax purposes, distributions of investment income are generally taxable as ordinary income. Taxes on distributions of capital gains (if any) are determined by how long a Fund owned the investments that generated them, rather than how long a shareholder has owned his or her Fund shares. Sales of assets held by a Fund for more than one year generally result in long-term capital gains and losses, and sales of assets held by a Fund for one year or less generally result in short-term capital gains and losses. Distributions of a Funds net capital gain (the excess of net long-term capital gains over net short-term capital losses) that are properly reported by the Fund as capital gain dividends (Capital Gain Dividends) will be taxable as long-term capital gains. Long-term capital gain rates have been temporarily reduced in general, to 15% with a 0% rate applying to taxpayers in the 10% and 15% rate brackets for taxable years beginning before January 1, 2013. Distributions of short-term capital gain will be taxable as ordinary income.
In general, your distributions are subject to federal income tax for the year in which they are paid. Certain distributions paid in January, however, may be treated as paid on December 31 of the prior year. Distributions are generally taxable even if they are paid from income or gains earned by a Fund before your investment (and thus were included in the price you paid for your shares).
Dividends and distributions from a Fund will generally be taken into account in determining a shareholders net investment income for purposes of the Medicare contribution tax applicable to certain individuals, estates and trusts for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2012.
Unlike many ETFs, the redemption of shares from the Funds generally incorporates a payment of cash by the Funds in addition to, or in place of, the delivery of a basket of securities. To meet this requirement, a Fund may be required to sell portfolio securities in order to obtain the cash needed to distribute redemption proceeds. This may cause the Fund to recognize capital gains that it might not have recognized if it had completely satisfied the redemption in-kind. As a result, the Funds may be less tax efficient than if the in-kind redemption process was used.
If you are neither a resident nor a citizen of the United States or if you are a foreign entity, a Funds dividends (other than Capital Gain Dividends) generally will be subject to a 30% U.S. withholding tax, unless a lower treaty rate applies.
Also, beginning in 2014, a 30% U.S. withholding tax may be imposed on dividends and on proceeds from the sale of Fund shares paid to foreign shareholders if certain disclosure requirements are not satisfied.
The Funds (or financial intermediaries, such as brokers, through which shareholders own Fund shares) generally are required to withhold and to remit to the U.S. Treasury a percentage of the taxable distributions and the sale or redemption proceeds paid to any shareholder who fails to properly furnish a correct taxpayer identification number, who has under-reported dividend or interest income, or who fails to certify that he, she or it is not subject to such withholding.
Taxes When Fund Shares Are Sold
Any capital gain or loss realized upon a sale of Fund shares is generally treated as a long-term gain or loss if the shares have been held for more than one year. Any capital gain or loss realized upon a sale of Fund shares held for one year or less is
generally treated as a short-term gain or loss, except that any capital loss on a sale of shares held for six months or less is treated as long-term capital loss to the extent that Capital Gain Dividends were paid with respect to such shares. The ability to deduct capital losses may be limited depending on your circumstances.
Taxes on Creation and Redemption of Creation Units
An Authorized Participant having the U.S. dollar as its functional currency for U.S. federal tax purposes that exchanges debt or money market securities or non-U.S. currency for Creation Units generally will recognize a gain or loss equal to the difference between (i) the sum of the market value of the Creation Units at the time of the exchange and any amount of cash received by the Authorized Participant in the exchange and (ii) the sum of the exchangers aggregate basis in the debt or money market securities or non-U.S. currency surrendered and any amount of cash paid for such Creation Units. A person who redeems Creation Units for debt or money market securities or non-U.S. currency will generally recognize a gain or loss equal to the difference between the exchangers basis in the Creation Units and the sum of the aggregate U.S. dollar market
58 | WisdomTree Trust Prospectus |
value of the securities or non-U.S. currency plus the amount of any cash received for such Creation Units. The Internal Revenue Service, however, may assert that a loss that is realized by an Authorized Participant upon an exchange of securities or non-U.S. currency for Creation Units cannot be currently deducted under the rules governing wash sales, or on the basis that there has been no significant change in economic position.
Gain or loss recognized by an Authorized Participant upon an issuance of Creation Units in exchange for non-U.S. currency will generally be treated as ordinary income or loss. Gain or loss recognized by an Authorized Participant upon an issuance of Creation Units in exchange for debt or money market securities, or upon a redemption of Creation Units, may be capital or ordinary gain or loss depending on the circumstances. Any capital gain or loss realized upon an issuance of Creation Units in exchange for debt or money market securities will generally be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the debt or money market securities have been held for more than one year. Any capital gain or loss realized upon the redemption of a Creation Unit will generally be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the Fund shares comprising the Creation Unit have been held for more than one year. Otherwise, such capital gains or losses are treated as short-term capital gains or losses.
A person subject to U.S. federal income tax who receives non-U.S. currency upon a redemption of Creation Units and does not immediately convert the non-U.S. currency into U.S. dollars may, upon a later conversion of the non-U.S. currency into U.S. dollars, recognize as ordinary gains or losses any gains or losses resulting from fluctuations in the value of the non-U.S. currency relative to the U.S. dollar since the date of the redemption.
Persons exchanging securities or non-U.S. currency for Creation Units should consult their own tax advisors with respect to the tax treatment of any creation or redemption transaction. If you purchase or redeem Creation Units, you will be sent a confirmation statement showing how many shares you purchased or redeemed and at what price.
Foreign Investments by the Funds
Interest and other income received by a Fund with respect to foreign securities may give rise to withholding and other taxes imposed by foreign countries. Tax conventions between certain countries and the United States may reduce or eliminate such taxes. If as of the close of a taxable year more than 50% of the total assets of a Fund consist of stock or securities of foreign corporations, the Fund intends to pass through to investors the amount of foreign income and similar taxes (including withholding taxes) paid by the Fund during that taxable year. This means that investors will be considered to have received as additional income their respective shares of such foreign taxes, but may be entitled to either a corresponding tax deduction in calculating taxable income, or, subject to certain limitations, a credit in calculating federal income tax.
Foreign Currency Investments by the Funds
As described above, each Fund intends to qualify as a regulated investment company as defined in Section 851 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Code). One of the requirements that must be satisfied for a Fund to qualify as a regulated investment company is that at least 90% of the Funds gross income each taxable year must be derived from dividends, interest, payments with respect to securities loans, and gains from the sale or other disposition of stock, securities or foreign currencies, or other income derived with respect to its business of investing in such stock or securities or currencies and net income derived from an interest in a qualified publicly traded partnership (the 90% Test). Gains from the sale or other disposition of foreign currencies and other income (including but not limited to gains from options, futures or forward contracts) derived from investing in stock, securities, or foreign currencies generally are included as qualifying income in applying the 90% Test. It should be noted, however, that for purposes of the 90% Test, the Secretary of the Treasury is authorized to issue regulations that would exclude from qualifying income foreign currency gains which are not directly related to a regulated investment companys principal business of investing in stock or securities (or options and futures with respect to stock or securities). No regulations have been issued pursuant to this authorization. It is possible, however, that such regulations may be issued in the future and that such regulations could have a negative impact on a Funds ability to qualify as a regulated investment company.
Under the Code, special rules are provided for certain transactions in a foreign currency other than the taxpayers functional currency (i.e., unless certain special rules apply, currencies other than the U.S. dollar). In general, foreign currency gains or losses from forward contracts, from futures contracts that are not regulated futures contracts, and from unlisted options will be treated as ordinary income or loss under the Code. Also, certain foreign exchange gains derived with respect to foreign fixed-income securities are subject to special treatment. In general, any such gains or losses will increase or decrease the amount of a Funds net investment income available to be distributed to shareholders as ordinary income, rather than increasing or decreasing the amount of the Funds net capital gains. Additionally, if such losses exceed other investment income during a taxable year, the Fund would not be able to make any ordinary dividend distributions.
ALPS Distributors, Inc. (the Distributor) serves as the distributor of Creation Units for each Fund on an agency basis. The Distributor does not maintain a secondary market in shares of the Funds. The Distributors principal address is 1290 Broadway, Suite 1100, Denver, Colorado 80203. The Distributor has no role in determining the policies of any Fund or the securities that are purchased or sold by any Fund.
WisdomTree Trust Prospectus | 59 |
Information regarding how often shares of each Fund traded on the Listing Exchange at a price above (i.e., at a premium) or below (i.e., at a discount) the net asset value of the Fund during the past calendar year and most recent calendar quarter can be found at www.wisdomtree.com.
Shares of the Trust are not sponsored, endorsed, or promoted by any listing exchange (the Exchange). The Exchange makes no representation or warranty, express or implied, to the owners of the shares of any Fund. The Exchange is not responsible for, nor has it participated in, the determination of the timing of, prices of, or quantities of the shares of any Fund to be issued, nor in the determination or calculation of the equation by which the shares are redeemable. The Exchange has no obligation or liability to owners of the shares of any Fund in connection with the administration, marketing, or trading of the shares of the Fund. Without limiting any of the foregoing, in no event shall the Exchange have any liability for any lost profits or indirect, punitive, special, or consequential damages even if notified of the possibility thereof.
WisdomTree Investments, WisdomTree Asset Management and the Funds make no representation or warranty, express or implied, to the owners of shares of the Funds or any member of the public regarding the advisability of investing in securities generally or in the Funds particularly. WisdomTree Investments is the licensor of certain trademarks, service marks and trade names of the Funds.
The financial highlights table is intended to help you understand the Funds financial performance since inception. The total return in the table represents the rate that an investor would have earned (or lost) on an investment in the respective Fund (assuming reinvestment of all dividends and distributions). This information has been derived from the financial statements audited by Ernst & Young LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, whose report, along with the Funds financial statements, are included in the Funds Annual Report, which is available upon request.
60 | WisdomTree Trust Prospectus |
Financial Highlights
WisdomTree Currency Income Funds
Selected data for a share of beneficial interest outstanding throughout the period is presented below:
WisdomTree Brazilian Real Fund (Formerly, WisdomTree Dreyfus Brazilian Real Fund) |
For the Year Ended August 31, 2012 |
For the Year Ended August 31, 2011 |
For the Year Ended August 31, 2010 |
For the Year Ended August 31, 2009 |
For the Period May 14, 2008* through August 31, 2008 |
|||||||||||||||
Net asset value, beginning of period |
$ | 28.99 | $ | 27.65 | $ | 24.47 | $ | 26.47 | $ | 25.19 | ||||||||||
Investment operations: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Net investment income (loss)1 |
(0.09 | ) | (0.10 | ) | (0.07 | ) | 0.04 | 0.15 | ||||||||||||
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) |
(4.36 | ) | 4.68 | 3.53 | (1.34 | ) | 1.13 | |||||||||||||
Total from investment operations |
(4.45 | ) | 4.58 | 3.46 | (1.30 | ) | 1.28 | |||||||||||||
Dividends and distributions to shareholders: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Net investment income |
| | (0.02 | ) | (0.17 | ) | | |||||||||||||
Capital gains |
(5.73 | ) | (3.24 | ) | (0.26 | ) | (0.53 | ) | | |||||||||||
Total dividends and distributions to shareholders |
(5.73 | ) | (3.24 | ) | (0.28 | ) | (0.70 | ) | | |||||||||||
Net asset value, end of period |
$ | 18.81 | $ | 28.99 | $ | 27.65 | $ | 24.47 | $ | 26.47 | ||||||||||
TOTAL RETURN2 |
(16.14 | )% | 17.98 | % | 14.24 | % | (3.92 | )% | 5.08 | % | ||||||||||
RATIOS/SUPPLEMENTAL DATA: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Net assets, end of period (000s omitted) |
$ | 63,942 | $ | 481,253 | $ | 221,177 | $ | 112,573 | $ | 121,740 | ||||||||||
Ratios to average net assets of: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Net expenses |
0.45 | % | 0.45 | % | 0.45 | % | 0.45 | % | 0.45 | %3 | ||||||||||
Net investment income (loss) |
(0.38 | )% | (0.36 | )% | (0.28 | )% | 0.19 | % | 1.99 | %3 | ||||||||||
Portfolio turnover rate4 |
N/A5 | 0 | % | 0 | % | 0 | % | N/A5 | ||||||||||||
WisdomTree Chinese Yuan Fund (Formerly, WisdomTree Dreyfus Chinese Yuan Fund) |
For the Year Ended August 31, 2012 |
For the Year Ended August 31, 2011 |
For the Year Ended August 31, 2010 |
For the Year Ended August 31, 2009 |
For the Period May 14, 2008* through August 31, 2008 |
|||||||||||||||
Net asset value, beginning of period |
$ | 25.81 | $ | 24.84 | $ | 25.31 | $ | 25.39 | $ | 24.87 | ||||||||||
Investment operations: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Net investment income (loss)1 |
(0.06 | ) | (0.09 | ) | (0.07 | ) | 0.08 | 0.14 | ||||||||||||
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) |
0.02 | 1.21 | (0.40 | ) | 0.32 | 0.38 | ||||||||||||||
Total from investment operations |
(0.04 | ) | 1.12 | (0.47 | ) | 0.40 | 0.52 | |||||||||||||
Dividends and distributions to shareholders: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Net investment income |
| | | (0.48 | ) | | ||||||||||||||
Capital gains |
(0.55 | ) | (0.15 | ) | | | | |||||||||||||
Total dividends and distributions to shareholders |
(0.55 | ) | (0.15 | ) | | (0.48 | ) | | ||||||||||||
Net asset value, end of period |
$ | 25.22 | $ | 25.81 | $ | 24.84 | $ | 25.31 | $ | 25.39 | ||||||||||
TOTAL RETURN2 |
(0.15 | )% | 4.50 | % | (1.86 | )% | 1.58 | % | 2.09 | % | ||||||||||
RATIOS/SUPPLEMENTAL DATA: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Net assets, end of period (000s omitted) |
$ | 267,383 | $ | 567,883 | $ | 586,278 | $ | 136,660 | $ | 284,393 | ||||||||||
Ratios to average net assets of: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Net expenses |
0.45 | % | 0.45 | % | 0.45 | % | 0.45 | % | 0.45 | %3 | ||||||||||
Net investment income (loss) |
(0.22 | )% | (0.34 | )% | (0.28 | )% | (0.36 | )% | 2.04 | %3 | ||||||||||
Portfolio turnover rate4 |
N/A5 | 0 | % | 8 | % | 0 | % | N/A5 |
* | Commencement of investment operations. |
1 | Based on average shares outstanding. |
2 | Total return is calculated assuming an initial investment made at the net asset value at the beginning of the period, reinvestment of all dividends and distributions at net asset value during the period and redemption on the last day of the period. Total return calculated for a period of less than one year is not annualized. |
3 | Annualized. |
4 | Portfolio turnover rate is not annualized. |
5 | The Fund invested in short-term securities with maturities less than or equal to 365 days. SEC rules exclude such securities from portfolio turnover calculations. |
WisdomTree Trust Prospectus | 61 |
Financial Highlights
WisdomTree Currency Income Funds
Selected data for a share of beneficial interest outstanding throughout the period is presented below:
WisdomTree Commodity Currency Fund (Formerly, WisdomTree Dreyfus Commodity Currency Fund) |
For the Year Ended August 31, 2012 |
For the Period September 24, 2010* through August 31, 2011 |
||||||||||||||
Net asset value, beginning of period |
$ | 27.78 | $ | 25.10 | ||||||||||||
Investment operations: |
||||||||||||||||
Net investment loss1 |
(0.11 | ) | (0.13 | ) | ||||||||||||
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) |
(1.68 | ) | 2.90 | |||||||||||||
Total from investment operations |
(1.79 | ) | 2.77 | |||||||||||||
Dividends and distributions to shareholders: |
||||||||||||||||
Capital gains |
(5.06 | ) | (0.09 | ) | ||||||||||||
Net asset value, end of period |
$ | 20.93 | $ | 27.78 | ||||||||||||
TOTAL RETURN2 |
(5.75 | )% | 11.06 | % | ||||||||||||
RATIOS/SUPPLEMENTAL DATA: |
||||||||||||||||
Net assets, end of period (000s omitted) |
$ | 25,116 | $ | 80,560 | ||||||||||||
Ratios to average net assets of: |
||||||||||||||||
Net expenses |
0.55 | % | 0.55 | %3 | ||||||||||||
Net investment loss |
(0.48 | )% | (0.46 | )%3 | ||||||||||||
Portfolio turnover rate4 |
N/A5 | N/A5 | ||||||||||||||
WisdomTree Emerging Currency Fund (Formerly, WisdomTree Dreyfus Emerging Currency Fund) |
For the Year Ended August 31, 2012 |
For the Year Ended August 31, 2011 |
For the Year Ended August 31, 2010 |
For the Period through |
||||||||||||
Net asset value, beginning of period |
$ | 22.87 | $ | 21.89 | $ | 21.22 | $ | 19.98 | ||||||||
Investment operations: |
||||||||||||||||
Net investment loss1 |
(0.10 | ) | (0.10 | ) | (0.09 | ) | (0.02 | ) | ||||||||
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) |
(1.38 | ) | 1.92 | 0.94 | 1.26 | |||||||||||
Total from investment operations |
(1.48 | ) | 1.82 | 0.85 | 1.24 | |||||||||||
Dividends and distributions to shareholders: |
||||||||||||||||
Capital gains |
(1.06 | ) | (0.84 | ) | (0.18 | ) | | |||||||||
Net asset value, end of period |
$ | 20.33 | $ | 22.87 | $ | 21.89 | $ | 21.22 | ||||||||
TOTAL RETURN2 |
(6.36 | )% | 8.44 | % | 4.01 | % | 6.21 | % | ||||||||
RATIOS/SUPPLEMENTAL DATA: |
||||||||||||||||
Net assets, end of period (000s omitted) |
$ | 274,521 | $ | 585,411 | $ | 337,106 | $ | 38,200 | ||||||||
Ratio to average net assets of: |
||||||||||||||||
Net expenses |
0.55 | % | 0.55 | % | 0.55 | % | 0.55 | %3 | ||||||||
Net investment loss |
(0.47 | )% | (0.46 | )% | (0.39 | )% | (0.33 | )%3 | ||||||||
Portfolio turnover rate4 |
N/A5 | 0 | % | 0 | % | 0 | % |
* | Commencement of investment operations. |
1 | Based on average shares outstanding. |
2 | Total return is calculated assuming an initial investment made at the net asset value at the beginning of the period, reinvestment of all dividends and distributions at net asset value during the period and redemption on the last day of the period. Total return calculated for a period of less than one year is not annualized. |
3 | Annualized. |
4 | Portfolio turnover rate is not annualized. |
5 | The Fund invested in short-term securities with maturities less than or equal to 365 days. SEC rules exclude such securities from portfolio turnover calculations. |
62 | WisdomTree Trust Prospectus |
Financial Highlights
WisdomTree Currency Income Funds
Selected data for a share of beneficial interest outstanding throughout the period is presented below:
WisdomTree Indian Rupee Fund (Formerly, WisdomTree Dreyfus Indian Rupee Fund) |
For the Year Ended August 31, 2012 |
For the Year Ended August 31, 2011 |
For the Year Ended August 31, 2010 |
For the Year Ended August 31, 2009 |
For the Period August 31, 2008 |
|||||||||||||||
Net asset value, beginning of period |
$ | 26.78 | $ | 25.10 | $ | 23.79 | $ | 24.47 | $ | 24.69 | ||||||||||
Investment operations: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Net investment income (loss)1 |
(0.08 | ) | (0.09 | ) | (0.08 | ) | 0.02 | 0.15 | ||||||||||||
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) |
(3.12 | ) | 2.06 | 1.39 | (0.51 | ) | (0.37 | ) | ||||||||||||
Total from investment operations |
(3.20 | ) | 1.97 | 1.31 | (0.49 | ) | (0.22 | ) | ||||||||||||
Dividends and distributions to shareholders: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Net investment income |
| | | (0.19 | ) | | ||||||||||||||
Capital gains |
(3.28 | ) | (0.29 | ) | | | | |||||||||||||
Total dividends and distributions to shareholders |
(3.28 | ) | (0.29 | ) | | (0.19 | ) | | ||||||||||||
Net asset value, end of period |
$ | 20.30 | $ | 26.78 | $ | 25.10 | $ | 23.79 | $ | 24.47 | ||||||||||
TOTAL RETURN2 |
(11.93 | )% | 7.86 | % | 5.51 | % | (1.97 | )% | (0.89 | )% | ||||||||||
RATIOS/SUPPLEMENTAL DATA: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Net assets, end of period (000s omitted) |
$ | 18,273 | $ | 24,104 | $ | 22,586 | $ | 11,893 | $ | 9,789 | ||||||||||
Ratios to average net assets of: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Net expenses |
0.45 | % | 0.45 | % | 0.45 | % | 0.45 | % | 0.45 | %3 | ||||||||||
Net investment income (loss) |
(0.37 | )% | (0.34 | )% | (0.29 | )% | 0.09 | % | 1.93 | %3 | ||||||||||
Portfolio turnover rate4 |
N/A5 | 0 | % | 0 | % | 0 | % | N/A5 |
* | Commencement of investment operations. |
1 | Based on average shares outstanding. |
2 | Total return is calculated assuming an initial investment made at the net asset value at the beginning of the period, reinvestment of all dividends and distributions at net asset value during the period and redemption on the last day of the period. Total return calculated for a period of less than one year is not annualized. |
3 | Annualized. |
4 | Portfolio turnover rate is not annualized. |
5 | The Fund invested in short-term securities with maturities less than or equal to 365 days. SEC rules exclude such securities from portfolio turnover calculations. |
WisdomTree Trust Prospectus | 63 |
Financial Highlights
WisdomTree Fixed Income Funds
Selected data for a share of beneficial interest outstanding throughout the period is presented below:
WisdomTree Asia Local Debt Fund | For the Year Ended August 31, 2012 |
For the Period August 31, 2011 |
||||||||||||||||||
Net asset value, beginning of period |
$ | 53.23 | $ | 49.85 | ||||||||||||||||
Investment operations: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Net investment income1 |
1.29 | 0.60 | ||||||||||||||||||
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) |
(2.37 | ) | 3.21 | |||||||||||||||||
Total from investment operations |
(1.08 | ) | 3.81 | |||||||||||||||||
Dividends to shareholders: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Net investment income |
(0.58 | ) | (0.43 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Net asset value, end of period |
$ | 51.57 | $ | 53.23 | ||||||||||||||||
TOTAL RETURN2 |
(2.00 | )% | 7.66 | % | ||||||||||||||||
RATIOS/SUPPLEMENTAL DATA: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Net assets, end of period (000s omitted) |
$ | 422,871 | $ | 660,086 | ||||||||||||||||
Ratios to average net assets of: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Net expenses |
0.55 | % | 0.55 | %3 | ||||||||||||||||
Net investment income |
2.51 | % | 2.52 | %3 | ||||||||||||||||
Portfolio turnover rate4 |
62 | % | 0 | % | ||||||||||||||||
WisdomTree Australia & New Zealand Debt Fund |
For the Year Ended August 31, 2012** |
For the Year Ended August 31, 2011 |
For the Year Ended August 31, 2010 |
For the Year Ended August 31, 2009 |
For the Period June 25, 2008* through August 31, 2008 |
|||||||||||||||
Net asset value, beginning of period |
$ | 26.31 | $ | 22.24 | $ | 23.68 | $ | 23.53 | $ | 24.93 | ||||||||||
Investment operations: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Net investment income (loss)1 |
0.67 | (0.08 | ) | (0.07 | ) | (0.02 | ) | 0.09 | ||||||||||||
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) |
(0.70 | ) | 5.40 | 1.08 | 0.30 | (1.49 | ) | |||||||||||||
Total from investment operations |
(0.03 | ) | 5.32 | 1.01 | 0.28 | (1.40 | ) | |||||||||||||
Dividends and distributions to shareholders: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Net investment income |
(0.69 | ) | | | (0.13 | ) | | |||||||||||||
Capital gains |
(3.05 | ) | (1.25 | ) | (2.45 | ) | | | ||||||||||||
Total dividends and distributions to shareholders |
(3.74 | ) | (1.25 | ) | (2.45 | ) | (0.13 | ) | | |||||||||||
Net asset value, end of period |
$ | 22.54 | $ | 26.31 | $ | 22.24 | $ | 23.68 | $ | 23.53 | ||||||||||
TOTAL RETURN2 |
0.76 | % | 24.85 | % | 4.32 | % | 1.30 | % | (5.62 | )% | ||||||||||
RATIOS/SUPPLEMENTAL DATA: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Net assets, end of period (000s omitted) |
$ | 45,079 | $ | 52,614 | $ | 17,790 | $ | 9,471 | $ | 2,353 | ||||||||||
Ratios to average net assets of: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Net expenses |
0.45 | % | 0.45 | % | 0.45 | % | 0.45 | % | 0.45 | %3 | ||||||||||
Net investment income (loss) |
2.99 | % | (0.35 | )% | (0.30 | )% | (0.11 | )% | 1.96 | %3 | ||||||||||
Portfolio turnover rate4 |
9 | % | 0 | % | 0 | % | 0 | % | N/A5 |
* | Commencement of investment operations. |
** | This information reflects the investment objective and strategy of the WisdomTree Dreyfus New Zealand Dollar Fund through October 24, 2011 and the investment objective of the WisdomTree Australia & New Zealand Debt Fund thereafter. |
1 | Based on average shares outstanding. |
2 | Total return is calculated assuming an initial investment made at the net asset value at the beginning of the period, reinvestment of all dividends and distributions at net asset value during the period and redemption on the last day of the period. Total return calculated for a period of less than one year is not annualized. |
3 | Annualized. |
4 | Portfolio turnover rate is not annualized. |
5 | The Fund invested in short-term securities with maturities less than or equal to 365 days. SEC rules exclude such securities from portfolio turnover calculations. |
64 | WisdomTree Trust Prospectus |
Financial Highlights
WisdomTree Fixed Income Funds
Selected data for a share of beneficial interest outstanding throughout the period is presented below:
WisdomTree Emerging Markets Local Debt Fund |
For the Year Ended August 31, 2012 |
For the Year Ended August 31, 2011 |
For the Period August 9, 2010* through August 31, 2010 |
|||||||||||||||||
Net asset value, beginning of period |
$ | 53.83 | $ | 50.08 | $ | 50.23 | ||||||||||||||
Investment operations: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Net investment income1 |
2.41 | 2.40 | 0.10 | |||||||||||||||||
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) |
(3.26 | ) | 3.79 | (0.25 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Total from investment operations |
(0.85 | ) | 6.19 | (0.15 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Dividends and distributions to shareholders: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Net investment income |
(1.77 | ) | (2.44 | ) | | |||||||||||||||
Capital gains |
(0.05 | ) | | | ||||||||||||||||
Total dividends and distributions to shareholders |
(1.82 | ) | (2.44 | ) | | |||||||||||||||
Net asset value, end of period |
$ | 51.16 | $ | 53.83 | $ | 50.08 | ||||||||||||||
TOTAL RETURN2 |
(1.45 | )% | 12.64 | % | (0.30 | )% | ||||||||||||||
RATIOS/SUPPLEMENTAL DATA: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Net assets, end of period (000s omitted) |
$ | 1,197,084 | $ | 1,415,705 | $ | 195,319 | ||||||||||||||
Ratios to average net assets of: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Net expenses |
0.55 | % | 0.55 | % | 0.55 | %3 | ||||||||||||||
Net investment income |
4.76 | % | 4.65 | % | 3.31 | %3 | ||||||||||||||
Portfolio turnover rate4 |
43 | % | 30 | % | 0 | % | ||||||||||||||
WisdomTree Euro Debt Fund | For the Year Ended August 31, 2012** |
For the Year Ended August 31, 2011 |
For the Year Ended August 31, 2010 |
For the Year Ended August 31, 2009 |
For the Period May 14, 2008* through August 31, 2008 |
|||||||||||||||
Net asset value, beginning of period |
$ | 23.32 | $ | 20.54 | $ | 23.19 | $ | 24.07 | $ | 25.04 | ||||||||||
Investment operations: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Net investment income (loss)1 |
0.35 | 0.05 | (0.01 | ) | 0.35 | 0.29 | ||||||||||||||
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) |
(1.61 | ) | 2.73 | (2.64 | ) | (0.63 | ) | (1.26 | ) | |||||||||||
Total from investment operations |
(1.26 | ) | 2.78 | (2.65 | ) | (0.28 | ) | (0.97 | ) | |||||||||||
Dividends to shareholders: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Net investment income |
(0.44 | ) | | | (0.60 | ) | | |||||||||||||
Net asset value, end of period |
$ | 21.62 | $ | 23.32 | $ | 20.54 | $ | 23.19 | $ | 24.07 | ||||||||||
TOTAL RETURN2 |
(5.37 | )% | 13.53 | % | (11.43 | )% | (1.13 | )% | (3.87 | )% | ||||||||||
RATIOS/SUPPLEMENTAL DATA: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Net assets, end of period (000s omitted) |
$ | 6,486 | $ | 5,246 | $ | 12,836 | $ | 9,857 | $ | 19,256 | ||||||||||
Ratio to average net assets of: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Net expenses |
0.35 | % | 0.35 | % | 0.35 | % | 0.35 | % | 0.35 | %3 | ||||||||||
Net investment income (loss) |
1.63 | % | 1.26 | % | (0.30 | )% | 1.61 | % | 3.73 | %3 | ||||||||||
Portfolio turnover rate4 |
26 | % | N/A5 | N/A5 | N/A5 | N/A5 |
* | Commencement of investment operations. |
** | This information reflects the investment objective and strategy of the WisdomTree Dreyfus Euro Fund through October 18, 2011 and the investment objective of the WisdomTree Euro Debt Fund thereafter. |
1 | Based on average shares outstanding. |
2 | Total return is calculated assuming an initial investment made at the net asset value at the beginning of the period, reinvestment of all dividends and distributions at net asset value during the period and redemption on the last day of the period. Total return calculated for a period of less than one year is not annualized. |
3 | Annualized. |
4 | Portfolio turnover rate is not annualized. |
5 | The Fund invested in short-term securities with maturities less than or equal to 365 days. SEC rules exclude such securities from portfolio turnover calculations. |
WisdomTree Trust Prospectus | 65 |
Financial Highlights
WisdomTree Fixed Income Funds
Selected data for a share of beneficial interest outstanding throughout the period is presented below:
WisdomTree Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund | For the Period March 8, 2012* through August 31, 2012 |
|||
Net asset value, beginning of period |
$ | 75.03 | ||
Investment operations: |
||||
Net investment income1 |
1.63 | |||
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) |
2.54 | |||
Total from investment operations |
4.17 | |||
Dividends to shareholders: |
||||
Net investment income |
(1.57 | ) | ||
Net asset value, end of period |
$ | 77.63 | ||
TOTAL RETURN2 |
5.64 | % | ||
RATIOS/SUPPLEMENTAL DATA: |
||||
Net assets, end of period (000s omitted) |
$ | 62,103 | ||
Ratios to average net assets3 of: |
||||
Net expenses |
0.60 | %3 | ||
Net investment income |
4.47 | %3 | ||
Portfolio turnover rate4 |
0 | % |
* | Commencement of investment operations. |
1 | Based on average shares outstanding. |
2 | Total return is calculated assuming an initial investment made at the net asset value at the beginning of the period, reinvestment of all dividends and distributions at net asset value during the period and redemption on the last day of the period. Total return calculated for a period of less than one year is not annualized. |
3 | Annualized. |
4 | Portfolio turnover rate is not annualized. |
66 | WisdomTree Trust Prospectus |
WisdomTree Trust
380 Madison Avenue, 21st Floor
New York, NY 10017
The SAI provides additional detailed information about the Fund. The Trust has electronically filed the SAI with the SEC. The SAI is incorporated by reference in this Prospectus.
Additional information about the Funds investments will be available in the Funds annual and semi-annual reports to shareholders. In the annual report you will find a discussion of the market conditions and investment strategies that significantly affected the Funds performance after the first fiscal year the Fund is in operation.
To make shareholder inquiries, for more detailed information on the Fund or to request the SAI, free of charge, please:
Call: | 1-866-909-9473 Monday through Friday 8:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m. (Eastern time) |
Write: | WisdomTree Trust c/o ALPS Distributors, Inc. 1290 Broadway, Suite 1100 Denver, Colorado 80203 | |||
Visit: | www.wisdomtree.com |
Information about the Fund (including the SAI) can be reviewed and copied at the SECs Public Reference Room in Washington, D.C., and information on the operation of the Public Reference Room may be obtained by calling the SEC at 1-202-551-8090. Reports and other information about the Fund are available on the EDGAR Database on the SECs Internet site at www.sec.gov, and copies of this information may be obtained, after paying a duplicating fee, by electronic request at the following e-mail address: publicinfo@sec.gov, or by writing the SECs Public Reference Section, Washington, D.C. 20549-1520.
No person is authorized to give any information or to make any representations about the Fund and its shares not contained in this Prospectus and you should not rely on any other information. Read and keep this Prospectus for future reference.
©2013 WisdomTree Trust
WisdomTree Funds are distributed by
ALPS Distributors, Inc.
1290 Broadway, Suite 1100
Denver, Colorado 80203
WisdomTree® is a registered mark of WisdomTree Investments, Inc.
INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT FILE NO. 811-21864
WIS-PR-001-0113
PROSPECTUS
January 1, 2013
Alternative Funds
WisdomTree Trust
WisdomTree Alternative Funds | ||
Managed Futures Strategy Fund (WDTI) | ||
Global Real Return Fund (RRF) | ||
Principal U.S. Listing Exchange: NYSE Arca, Inc. |
THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION (SEC) HAS NOT APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED THESE SECURITIES OR PASSED UPON THE ADEQUACY OF THIS PROSPECTUS. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS A CRIMINAL OFFENSE.
WisdomTree Trust
INVESTMENT PRODUCTS: n ARE NOT FDIC INSURED n MAY LOSE VALUE n ARE NOT BANK GUARANTEED
WisdomTree Trust Prospectus | 1 |
WisdomTree Managed Futures Strategy Fund
Investment Objective
The Fund seeks to provide investors with positive total returns in rising or falling markets.
Fees and Expenses of the Fund
The following table describes the fees and expenses you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund. The fees are expressed as a percentage of the Funds average net assets.
Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment) | None | |||
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) |
||||
Management Fees |
0.95 | % | ||
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees |
None | |||
Other Expenses |
0.00 | % | ||
Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses |
0.01 | % | ||
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses* | 0.96 | % |
* | The Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses in this fee table may not correlate to the expense ratios in the Funds financial highlights and financial statements because the financial highlights and financial statements reflect only the operating expenses of the Fund and do not include Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses, which are fees and expenses incurred indirectly by the Fund through its investments in certain underlying investment companies. |
Example
The following example is intended to help retail investors compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. It illustrates the hypothetical expenses that such investors would incur over various periods if they invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of the shares at the end of those periods. This example assumes that the Fund provides a return of 5% a year and that operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions, your costs would be:
1 Year | 3 Years | 5 Years | 10 Years | |||||||||||||
$98 | $306 | $531 | $1,178 |
Investors may pay brokerage commissions on their purchases and sales of fund shares, which are not reflected in the example.
Portfolio Turnover
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or turns over its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the Example, affect the Funds performance. During the most recent fiscal year, there was no portfolio turnover rate for the Fund since the Fund invested in short-term securities with maturities less than or equal to 365 days, which are excluded from portfolio turnover calculations.
Principal Investment Strategies of the Fund
The Fund is an actively managed exchange traded fund (ETF) that seeks to achieve positive total returns in rising or falling markets that are not directly correlated to broad market equity or fixed income returns. The Fund is managed using a quantitative, rules-based strategy designed to provide returns that correspond to the performance of the Diversified Trends IndicatorTM (the Benchmark). The Benchmark is a widely used indicator designed to capture the economic benefit derived from rising or declining price trends in the markets for commodity, currency and U.S. Treasury futures.
The Benchmark and Fund consist of ten commodity sectors (Energy, Grains, Precious Metals, Industrial Metals, Livestock, Natural Gas, Coffee, Cocoa, Cotton, and Sugar) and eight financial sectors (the Australian dollar, British pound, Canadian dollar, euro, Japanese yen, Swiss franc, U.S. Treasury notes and U.S. Treasury bonds) (each, a Sector). When the Energy Sector is long (as described below), the Funds exposure will be weighted evenly between commodities and financials (approximately 50% each). When the Energy Sector is flat (as described below), the Funds exposure will be weighted approximately 60% to financials and approximately 40% to commodities. Subject to the above limitations, a Base Weight for each Sector is set depending on whether the Energy Sector is long or flat. Commodity sectors that have higher historical production levels, and financial sectors from countries with higher Gross Domestic Product (GDP), have a higher Base Weight in the Benchmark and Fund. The weight of each Sector fluctuates intra-month based on the return of each Sector, but each Sector is reset back to its Base Weight at the end of each month and year.
2 | WisdomTree Trust Prospectus |
The Fund invests substantially all of its assets in a combination of commodity and currency-linked investments, U.S. government securities and money market instruments whose collective performance is designed to correspond to the performance of the Benchmark. The Funds commodity- and currency-linked investments generally are limited to investments in listed futures contracts, forward currency contracts and swap transactions that provide exposure to commodity and non-U.S. currency returns. The Fund will invest in listed U.S. Treasury futures and also may invest directly in U.S. Treasury notes and bonds. The Fund also may enter into repurchase agreements with counterparties that are deemed to present acceptable credit risks. A repurchase agreement is a transaction in which the Fund purchases securities or other obligations from a bank or securities dealer and simultaneously commits to resell them to a counterparty at an agreed-upon date or upon demand and at a price reflecting a market rate of interest unrelated to the coupon rate or maturity of the purchased obligations. The Fund also may invest in structured notes based on commodities. The Fund does not invest directly in physical commodities.
The Fund attempts to capture the economic benefit derived from rising and declining trends based on the moving average price changes of commodity, currency and U.S. Treasury futures. In an attempt to capture these trends, the Funds investments are positioned as either long or short (with the exception of the Energy Sector). To be long means to hold or be exposed to a security or instrument with the expectation that its value will increase over time. To be short means to sell or be exposed to a security or instrument with the expectation that it will fall in value. On a monthly basis, each Sectors returns are compared to its recent weighted moving average monthly returns. If the monthly return is higher than the moving average returns, the Sector is positioned as long throughout the following month. If the Sectors returns are below its moving average returns, the Sector is positioned as short (with the exception of the Energy Sector, which would be flat). The Fund will benefit if it has a long position in a security or instrument that increases in value or a short position in a security or instrument that decreases in value. Conversely, the Fund will be adversely impacted if it holds a long position in a security or instrument that declines in value and a short position in a security or instrument that increases in value. The Energy Sector is positioned as either long or flat; it is never short. When the Energy Sector is flat, the Fund will not have any exposure to the Energy Sector and it will allocate a higher percentage of its investments to other Sectors within the Benchmark. The Fund generally does not make intra-month adjustments to its portfolio or the direction of its long and short positions. Although the Fund seeks returns comparable to the returns of the Benchmark, the Fund may have a higher or lower exposure to any Sector or component within the Benchmark at any time. The Fund will not hold more than 25% of its assets in any one industry. For these purposes, the components of the Benchmark (e.g., gold, crude oil) will be considered a separate industry. Neither the Fund nor the Benchmark is leveraged.
The Fund seeks to gain exposure to commodity markets, in whole or in part, through investments in a subsidiary organized in the Cayman Islands (the WisdomTree Subsidiary). The WisdomTree Subsidiary is wholly-owned and controlled by the Fund. The Funds investment in the WisdomTree Subsidiary may not exceed 25% of the Funds total assets at each quarter-end of the Funds fiscal year. The Funds investment in the WisdomTree Subsidiary is intended to provide the Fund with exposure to commodity returns within the limits of the federal tax requirements applicable to regulated investment companies, such as the Fund. Except as noted, references to the investment strategies and risks of the Fund include the investment strategies and risks of the WisdomTree Subsidiary.
The Fund will invest, under normal circumstances, at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in managed futures. For these purposes, managed futures are investments in commodity and currency -linked instruments, as well as U.S. government securities and money market instruments, that taken together have economic characteristics similar or equivalent to those of the listed commodity, currency and financial futures contracts described herein. If, subsequent to an investment, the 80% requirement is no longer met, the Funds future investments will be made in a manner that will bring the Fund into compliance with this policy. The Trust will provide shareholders with sixty (60) days prior notice of any change to this policy for the Fund.
Principal Risks of Investing in the Fund
You can lose money on your investment in the Fund. The Fund is subject to the risks described below. Some or all of these risks may adversely affect the Funds net asset value per share (NAV), trading price, yield, total return and/or its ability to meet its objective.
n | Investment Risk. As with all investments, an investment in the Fund is subject to investment risk. Investors in the Fund could lose money, including the possible loss of the entire principal amount of an investment, over short or long periods of time. |
n | Market Risk. The trading prices of commodities, currencies, fixed income securities and other instruments fluctuate in response to a variety of factors. The Funds NAV and market price may fluctuate significantly in response to these factors. As a result, an investor could lose money over short or long periods of time. |
WisdomTree Trust Prospectus | 3 |
n | Shares of the Fund May Trade at Prices Other Than NAV. Although it is expected that the market price of the shares of the Fund will approximate the Funds NAV when purchased and sold in the secondary market, there may be times when the market price of the shares is more than the NAV intra-day (premium) or less than the NAV intra-day (discount). This risk is heightened in times of market volatility or periods of steep market declines. |
n | Benchmark Risk. The Benchmark is entirely model-based. As market dynamics shift over time, the model may become outdated or inaccurate. The Benchmark and the Fund will take both long and short positions and should not be used as proxies for taking long-only positions. The Benchmark and Fund could lose significant value during periods when long-only indexes rise. Similarly, the Benchmark and Fund are not a substitute for short-only positions. The Benchmark does not make intra-month adjustments. As a result, the Fund generally will not make intra-month adjustments to the positions it established at the end of the prior month. As a result, the Benchmark and Fund are subject to substantial losses if the market moves against the established positions on an intra-month basis. The Benchmark is based on historical price trends. There can be no assurance that such trends will be reflected in future market movements. In markets without sustained price trends, or markets with significant price movements that quickly reverse, the Benchmark and the Fund may suffer significant losses. The Benchmark is based on the price of futures contracts. Futures contracts reflect the expected future value of a commodity, currency or Treasury security. The Benchmark and Fund do not reflect spot prices. Spot prices reflect immediate delivery value, not expected future value. |
n | Cash Redemption Risk. The Funds investment strategy will require it to effect redemptions, in whole or in part, for cash. As a result, the Fund may pay out higher annual capital gain distributions than if the in-kind redemption process was used exclusively. Additionally, the realization of foreign exchange losses through security sales can impact income distributions paid by the Fund. |
n | Commodity Risk. The value of commodities and commodity-linked derivative instruments typically is based upon the price movements of a physical commodity or an economic variable linked to such price movements. The prices of commodities and commodity-related investments may fluctuate quickly and dramatically and may not correlate to price movements in other asset classes. An active trading market may not exist for certain commodities. Each of these factors and events could have a significant negative impact on the Fund. |
n | Counterparty Risk. The Fund bears the risk that the counterparty to a derivative or other contract with a third party may default on its obligations or otherwise fail to honor its obligations. If a counterparty defaults on its payment obligations the Fund will lose money and the value of an investment in Fund shares may decrease. In addition, the Fund may engage in such investment transactions with a limited number of counterparties. |
n | Credit Risk. The financial condition of an issuer of a debt security or other instrument may cause it to default or become unable to pay interest or principal due or otherwise fail to perform. The Fund cannot collect interest and principal payments on a security or instrument if the issuer defaults. While the Fund attempts to limit credit exposure in a manner consistent with its investment objective, the value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning in response to issuer defaults and changes in the credit ratings of the Funds portfolio investments. |
n | Currency Exchange Rate Risk. The Fund currently invests a relatively large percentage of its assets in investments denominated in non-U.S. currencies, or in securities that provide exposure to such currencies, currency exchange rates or interest rates denominated in such currencies. Changes in currency exchange rates and the relative value of non-U.S. currencies will affect the value of the Funds investment and the value of your Fund shares. Currency exchange rates can be very volatile and can change quickly and unpredictably. As a result, the value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning and you may lose money. |
n | Derivatives Investment Risk. The Fund may invest in derivatives. Derivatives are subject to a number of risks described elsewhere in this Prospectus, such as interest rate risk, market risk, and credit risk. They also involve the risk that changes in the value of the derivative may not correlate perfectly with the underlying asset, rate or index, or that the counterparty to a derivative contract might default on its obligations. Derivatives can be volatile and may be less liquid than other securities. As a result, the value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning and you may lose money. |
n | Interest Rate Risk. Interest rate risk is the risk that fixed income securities will decline in value because of changes in interest rates and other factors, such as perception of an issuers creditworthiness. |
n | Issuer-Specific Risk. Issuer-specific events, including changes in the financial condition of an issuer, can have a negative impact on the value of the Fund. |
n | Liquidity Risk. The Fund may invest in derivatives and other instruments that may be less liquid than other types of investments. The derivatives in which the Fund invests may not always be liquid. This could have a negative effect on the Funds ability to achieve its investment objective and may result in losses to Fund shareholders. |
4 | WisdomTree Trust Prospectus |
n | Management Risk. The Fund is actively managed using proprietary investment strategies and processes. There can be no guarantee that these strategies and processes will be successful or that the Fund will achieve its investment objective. |
n | Non-Diversification Risk. The Fund is considered to be non-diversified, which means that it may invest more of its assets in the securities of a single issuer or a smaller number of issuers than if it were a diversified fund. To the extent the Fund invests a significant percentage of its assets in a limited number of issuers, the Fund is subject to the risks of investing in those few issuers, and may be more susceptible to a single adverse economic or regulatory occurrence. As a result, changes in the market value of a single security could cause greater fluctuations in the value of Fund shares than would occur in a diversified fund. |
n | Portfolio Turnover Risk. The Funds strategy may frequently involve buying and selling portfolio securities to rebalance the Funds exposure to various market sectors. Higher portfolio turnover may result in the Fund paying higher levels of transaction costs and generating greater tax liabilities for shareholders. Portfolio turnover risk may cause the Funds performance to be less than you expect. |
n | Repurchase Agreement Risk. The Funds investment in repurchase agreements may be subject to market and credit risk with respect to the collateral securing the repurchase agreements. Investments in repurchase agreements also may be subject to the risk that the market value of the underlying obligations may decline prior to the expiration of the repurchase agreement term. |
n | Short Sales Risk. The Fund may engage in short sale transactions. The Fund will lose value if the security or instrument that is the subject of a short sale increases in value. The Fund also may enter into a short derivative position through a futures contract, swap agreement, structured note, or short positions on currency forwards. If the price of the security or derivative that is the subject of a short sale increases, then the Fund will incur a loss equal to the increase in price from the time that the short sale was entered into plus any premiums and interest paid to a third party in connection with the short sale. Therefore, short sales involve the risk that losses may be exaggerated, potentially losing more money than the actual cost of the investment. Also, there is the risk that the third party to the short sale may fail to honor its contract terms, causing a loss to the Fund. |
n | Subsidiary Investment Risk. Changes in the laws of the United States and/or the Cayman Islands, under which the Fund and the WisdomTree Subsidiary are organized, respectively, could result in the inability of the WisdomTree Subsidiary to operate as intended and could negatively affect the Fund and its shareholders. |
n | Tax Risk. The Fund expects to obtain exposure to the commodities markets by entering into commodity-linked derivative instruments, such as listed futures contracts. In order for the Fund to qualify as a regulated investment company, the Fund must derive at least 90% of its gross income each taxable year from qualifying income. Income from certain commodity-linked derivative instruments in which the Fund invests may not be considered qualifying income. The Fund will seek to limit such income so as to qualify as a regulated investment company. The Fund intends to invest in such commodity-linked derivative instruments indirectly through the WisdomTree Subsidiary. Failure to comply with the requirements for qualification as a regulated investment company would have significant negative tax consequences to Fund shareholders. |
n | Volatility Risk. The Fund and its underlying Benchmark are designed to capture the long-term economic benefits of rising or declining market trends. Frequent or significant short-term price movements could adversely impact the performance of the Benchmark and the Fund. |
Fund Performance
The Fund commenced operations on January 5, 2011, and therefore does not have performance history for a full calendar year. Once the Fund has completed a full calendar year of operations, a bar chart and table will be included that will provide some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing the variability of the Funds return based on net assets and comparing the Funds performance to a broad measure of market performance.
Management
Investment Adviser and Sub-Adviser
WisdomTree Asset Management, Inc. serves as the investment adviser to the Fund. Mellon Capital Management Corporation serves as the sub-adviser to the Fund.
Portfolio Managers
Vassilis Dagioglu, a Managing Director, Asset Allocation group, has been a portfolio manager of the Fund since its inception.
James Stavena, a Managing Director, Asset Allocation group, has been a portfolio manager of the Fund since its inception.
WisdomTree Trust Prospectus | 5 |
Buying and Selling Fund Shares
The Fund is an ETF. This means that shares of the Fund are listed on a national securities exchange, such as the NYSE Arca, Inc., and trade at market prices. Most investors will buy and sell shares of the Fund through brokers. Because Fund shares trade at market prices rather than NAV, shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (premium) or less than NAV (discount).
The Fund issues and redeems shares at NAV only in large blocks of shares (Creation Units), which only institutions or large investors may purchase or redeem. Currently, Creation Units generally consist of 100,000 shares, though this may change from time to time. Creation Units are not expected to consist of less than 50,000 shares. The Fund generally issues and redeems Creation Units in exchange for money market securities and/or cash.
Tax Information
The Fund intends to make distributions that may be taxed as ordinary income or capital gains.
6 | WisdomTree Trust Prospectus |
WisdomTree Global Real Return Fund
Investment Objective
The Fund seeks total returns (capital appreciation plus income) that exceed the rate of inflation over long-term investment horizons.
Fees and Expenses of the Fund
The following table describes the fees and expenses you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund. The fees are expressed as a percentage of the Funds average net assets.
Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment) | None | |||
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment) |
||||
Management Fees |
0.60 | % | ||
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees |
None | |||
Other Expenses |
0.00 | % | ||
Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses |
0.01 | % | ||
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses* | 0.61 | % |
* | The Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses in this fee table may not correlate to the expense ratios in the Funds financial highlights and financial statements because the financial highlights and financial statements reflect only the operating expenses of the Fund and do not include Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses, which are fees and expenses incurred indirectly by the Fund through its investments in certain underlying investment companies. |
Example
The following example is intended to help retail investors compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. It illustrates the hypothetical expenses that such investors would incur over various periods if they invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of the shares at the end of those periods. This example assumes that the Fund provides a return of 5% a year and that operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions, your costs would be:
1 Year | 3 Years | 5 Years | 10 Years | |||||||||||||
$62 | $195 | $340 | $762 |
Investors may pay brokerage commissions on their purchases and sales of fund shares, which are not reflected in the example.
Portfolio Turnover
The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or turns over its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating Expenses or in the Example, affect the Funds performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the Funds portfolio turnover rate was 3% of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies of the Fund
The Fund is an actively managed exchange traded fund (ETF) that seeks to provide protection against inflation and to generate income. Inflation is defined as an increase in the general price level of goods and services over time. The Fund invests in a combination of inflation-linked securities and debt instruments from issuers in the United States, developed markets and emerging markets throughout the world. The Fund has targeted exposure to commodities, such as gold, and employs commodity strategies structured to provide returns that exceed inflation rates. The Fund is managed using a structured investment approach that considers, among other things, country and currency exposure, sector allocation, investment exposure, and risk.
Investments in Inflation-Linked Bonds and Other Instruments. As noted above, the Fund invests in fixed income securities and other instruments linked to inflation rates in the U.S. and in developed and emerging market countries throughout the world. The Funds U.S. investments are focused on inflation-protected securities, such as U.S. Treasury Inflation Protected Securities (TIPS), and floating-rate securities. Outside the U.S., the Fund seeks broad-based exposure to both developed and emerging economies. The Fund focuses its investments outside the U.S. in countries that are leading exporters of commodities, such as Australia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Mexico, and South Africa. In order to provide broad-based exposure
WisdomTree Trust Prospectus | 7 |
across developed and emerging markets, the Fund also invests in issuers from countries such as France, Germany, Italy, Israel, Korea, Poland, Sweden, Turkey and the United Kingdom. This list may change from time to time based on market and other conditions. Country, sector and issuer exposure and risk are reviewed on an ongoing basis and the Funds portfolio is rebalanced quarterly. The Funds exposure to any single non-U.S. currency generally is limited to 10% of the Funds assets.
The Fund intends to focus its investments in inflation-linked bonds and other debt instruments issued by governments, government agencies and instrumentalities, government-sponsored enterprises and supranational organizations. For these purposes, supranational organizations include entities such as the European Investment Bank, International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, International Finance Corporation, and other regional development banks. The Fund may also invest up to 20% in debt securities issued by corporations. Inflation-linked bonds are structured to provide protection against inflation by preserving purchasing power. In a typical inflation-linked bond, the principal amount of the bond and the cash flow generated by the bond (i.e., interest) are adjusted upward in response to increases in inflation rates. The U.S. Consumer Price Index, or CPI, is a commonly used measure of U.S. inflation rates. Bonds tied to inflation rates outside the U.S. generally are linked to regional or country measures comparable to the CPI that measure inflation rates in non-U.S. markets. As inflation rises, upward adjustments to the principal amount or income paid on the bond increase the value of the bond and help preserve purchasing power in response to inflation. Conversely, some types of inflation-linked bonds may be adjusted downward in response to deflation (i.e., a decrease in the prices of goods and services over time).
The Fund may invest in floating- and variable-rate bonds. Floating- and variable-rate bonds are bonds that have a variable payment feature tied to a reference rate, such as the federal funds rate or the London Interbank Offering Rate (LIBOR). Floating- and variable-rate bonds generally are less sensitive to interest rate increases because when market rates rise, the payments made by such bonds increase. Conversely, a decrease in market interest rates will adversely affect the income received from such securities and may cause the value of such bonds to decrease.
The Fund may invest in derivatives such as swaps, forward currency contracts, and futures contracts designed to provide protection from changes in inflation rates. A swap is an agreement between two parties to exchange payments based on a reference asset, which may be a currency or interest rate but also may be a single asset, a pool of assets or an index of assets. A forward currency contract is an agreement to buy or sell a specific currency at a future date at a price set at the time of the contract. A futures contract is a standardized contract traded on a recognized exchange in which two parties agree to exchange either a specified financial asset or the cash equivalent of said asset of standardized quantity and quality for a price agreed today (the futures prices or the strike price) with delivery occurring at a specified future date. The Fund also may enter into repurchase agreements with counterparties that are deemed to present acceptable credit risks. A repurchase agreement is a transaction in which the Fund purchases securities or other obligations from a bank or securities dealer and simultaneously commits to resell them to a counterparty at an agreed-upon date or upon demand and at a price reflecting a market rate of interest unrelated to the coupon rate or maturity of the purchased obligations.
The average duration of the fixed income portion of the Funds portfolio will vary based on economic fundamentals and market conditions. During most scenarios, fixed income portfolio duration will not exceed 10 years. Duration is an important indication of the Funds sensitivity to changes in interest rates. Funds with higher durations generally are subject to greater interest rate risk. For example, the value of a fund with a portfolio duration of ten years would be expected to drop by 10% for every 1% increase in interest rates. While the Fund intends to invest a relatively large percentage of its assets in investment grade securities, the Fund also may invest in non-investment grade securities. Securities rated investment grade generally are considered to be of higher credit quality and subject to lower default risk. Although securities rated below investment grade may offer the potential for higher yields, they generally are subject to higher potential risk of loss.
While inflation-linked securities offer protection against inflation, they are sensitive to changes in real interest rates. Real interest rates are interest rates that have been adjusted to remove the cost of inflation. Protracted increases in real interest rates would likely have a negative impact on the value of inflation-linked securities and the value of the Fund. The Fund may purchase or sell futures contracts on U.S. Treasury securities or other U.S. government or non-U.S. government obligations to help minimize this risk.
The Fund may invest a portion of its assets in fixed income securities that are not linked to inflation, such as U.S. government obligations. The Fund also may invest in money market instruments (including repurchase agreements) with remaining maturities of one year or less, as well as cash and cash equivalents.
Investments in Commodities. The Fund intends to have targeted exposure to commodities and commodity strategies. The commodity exposure is diversified across a number of sectors (such as gold and other precious metals, industrial materials, energy, livestock, and agriculture) utilizing systematic, rules-based strategies. Within these strategies, the Fund may take or gain exposure to long or short positions in commodities and related instruments. To be long means to hold or be exposed to a commodity or instrument with the expectation that its value will increase over time. To be short means to sell or be exposed to a commodity or instrument with the expectation that it will fall in value. The Fund will benefit if it has a long
8 | WisdomTree Trust Prospectus |
position in a commodity or instrument that increases in value or a short position in a commodity or instrument that decreases in value. Conversely, the Fund will be adversely impacted if it holds a long position in a commodity or instrument that declines in value and a short position in a commodity or instrument that increases in value.
The Fund seeks to gain exposure to commodity markets, in whole or in part, through investments in a subsidiary organized in the Cayman Islands (the WisdomTree Subsidiary). The WisdomTree Subsidiary is wholly-owned and controlled by the Fund. The Funds investment in the WisdomTree Subsidiary may not exceed 25% of the Funds total assets at each quarter-end of the Funds fiscal year. The Funds investment in the WisdomTree Subsidiary is intended to provide the Fund with exposure to commodity returns within the limits of the federal tax requirements applicable to regulated investment companies, such as the Fund. The WisdomTree Subsidiary intends to achieve exposure to commodities through investment in a combination of listed commodity futures, commodity index swaps and structured notes that provide commodity returns. A listed commodity future is a financial instrument in which a party agrees to pay a fixed price for a designated commodity at a specified future date. Listed commodity futures are traded at market prices on exchanges pursuant to terms common to all market participants. Except as noted, references to the investment strategies and risks of the Fund include the investment strategies and risks of the WisdomTree Subsidiary.
Principal Risks of Investing in the Fund
You can lose money on your investment in the Fund. The Fund is subject to the risks described below. Some or all of these risks may adversely affect the Funds net asset value per share (NAV), trading price, yield, total return and/or its ability to meet its objective.
n | Investment Risk. As with all investments, an investment in the Fund is subject to investment risk. Investors in the Fund could lose money, including the possible loss of the entire principal amount of an investment, over short or long periods of time. |
n | Market Risk. The trading prices of commodities, currencies, fixed income securities and other instruments fluctuate in response to a variety of factors. The Funds NAV and market price, like security and commodity prices generally, may fluctuate significantly in response to these factors. As a result, an investor could lose money over short or long periods of time. |
n | Shares of the Fund May Trade at Prices Other Than NAV. Although it is expected that the market price of the shares of the Fund will approximate the Funds NAV when purchased and sold in the secondary market, there may be times when the market price of the shares is more than the NAV intra-day (premium) or less than the NAV intra-day (discount). This risk is heightened in times of market volatility or periods of steep market declines. |
n | Capital Controls Risk. Economic conditions, such as volatile currency exchange rates and interest rates, political events and other conditions, may, without prior warning, lead to government intervention and the imposition of capital controls. Capital controls may impact the ability of the Fund to buy, sell or otherwise transfer securities or currency, may adversely affect the trading market and price for shares of the Fund, and may cause the Fund to decline in value. |
n | Cash Redemption Risk. The Funds investment strategy will require it to effect redemptions, in whole or in part, for cash. As a result, the Fund may pay out higher annual capital gain distributions than if the in-kind redemption process was used exclusively. Additionally, the realization of foreign exchange losses through security sales can impact income distributions paid by the Fund. |
n | Commodity Risk. The value of commodities and commodity-linked derivative instruments typically is based upon the price movements of a physical commodity or an economic variable linked to such price movements. The prices of commodities and commodity-related investments may fluctuate quickly and dramatically and may not correlate to price movements in other asset classes. An active trading market may not exist for certain commodities. Each of these factors and events could have a significant negative impact on the Fund. |
n | Counterparty and Issuer Credit Risk. The financial condition of an issuer of a debt security or other instrument or a counterparty to a derivative or other contract may cause such issuer or counterparty to default, become unable to pay interest or principal due or otherwise fail to honor its obligations. While the Fund attempts to limit credit and counterparty exposure in a manner consistent with its investment objective, the value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning in response to issuer or counterparty defaults and changes in the credit ratings of the Funds portfolio investments. |
n | Currency Exchange Rate Risk. The Fund currently invests a relatively large percentage of its assets in investments denominated in non-U.S. currencies, or in securities that provide exposure to such currencies, currency exchange rates or interest rates denominated in such currencies. Changes in currency exchange rates and the relative value of non-U.S. currencies will affect the value of the Funds investment and the value of your Fund shares. Currency exchange rates can be very volatile and can change quickly and unpredictably. As a result, the value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning and you may lose money. |
n | Deflation Risk. The Fund currently invests a relatively large percentage of its assets in inflation-linked securities and instruments that provide similar exposure. In the event of a general decline in commodity and consumer prices, commonly referred to as deflation, these securities may lose value and have an adverse effect on Fund performance. |
WisdomTree Trust Prospectus | 9 |
n | Derivatives Investment Risk. The Fund may invest in derivatives. Derivatives are subject to a number of risks described elsewhere in this Prospectus, such as interest rate risk, market risk, and credit risk. They also involve the risk that changes in the value of a derivative may not correlate perfectly with the underlying asset, rate or index, or that the counterparty to a derivative contract might default on its obligations. Derivatives can be volatile and may be less liquid than other securities. As a result, the value of an investment in the Fund may change quickly and without warning and you may lose money. |
n | Emerging Markets Risk. Investments in securities and instruments traded in developing or emerging markets, or that provide exposure to such securities or markets, can involve additional risks relating to political, economic, or regulatory conditions not associated with investments in U.S. securities and instruments or investments in more developed international markets. For example, developing or emerging market governments may, without prior warning, impose capital controls on the ability to transfer currency, securities or other assets. The Funds ability to access certain developing or emerging markets also may be limited due to a variety of factors, including currency convertibility issues. Such conditions may impact the ability of the Fund to buy, sell or otherwise transfer securities or currency, cause the Funds returns to differ from those available to domestic investors, adversely affect the trading market and price for Fund shares and cause the Fund to decline in value. |
n | High Yield Securities Risk. Higher yielding, high risk debt securities, sometimes referred to as junk bonds, may present additional risk because these securities may be less liquid and present more credit risk than investment grade bonds. The price of high yield securities tends to be more susceptible to issuer-specific operating results and outlook and to real or perceived adverse economic and competitive industry conditions. |
n | Income Fluctuation Risk. The Funds periodic income distributions are likely to fluctuate considerably more than the income distributions of a typical bond fund. The Funds income may decline during periods of deflation or due to changes in expectations concerning the rate of inflation. In deflationary environments, the principal and income of an inflation-protected security will decline and could result in losses for the Fund. |
n | Inflation Risk. An increase in the principal amount of an inflation-linked bond will be considered taxable ordinary income, even though investors do not receive the increased principal until maturity. As a result, in certain circumstances, the Fund may be required to make annual distributions to shareholders that exceed the cash received by the Fund on its investments. This may cause the Fund to liquidate investments when it might not be advantageous to do so and may have negative tax consequences. |
n | Interest Rate Risk. Interest rate risk is the risk that fixed income securities will decline in value because of changes in interest rates and other factors, such as perception of an issuers creditworthiness. |
n | Issuer-Specific Risk. Issuer-specific events, including changes in the financial condition of an issuer, can have a negative impact on the value of the Fund. |
n | Liquidity Risk. The Fund may invest in derivatives and other instruments that may be less liquid than other types of investments. The derivatives in which the Fund invests may not always be liquid. This could have a negative effect on the Funds ability to achieve its investment objective and may result in losses to Fund shareholders. |
n | Management Risk. The Fund is actively managed using proprietary investment strategies and processes. There can be no guarantees that these strategies and processes will be successful or that the Fund will achieve its investment objective. |
n | Non-Diversification Risk. The Fund is considered to be non-diversified, which means that it may invest more of its assets in the securities of a single issuer or a smaller number of issuers than if it were a diversified fund. To the extent the Fund invests a significant percentage of its assets in a limited number of issuers, the Fund is subject to the risks of investing in those few issuers, and may be more susceptible to a single adverse economic or regulatory occurrence. As a result, changes in the market value of a single security could cause greater fluctuations in the value of Fund shares than would occur in a diversified fund. |
n | Non-U.S. Markets Risk. The Fund may invest in bonds and other instruments issued by non-U.S. governments or that track non-U.S. interest or inflation rates. Foreign markets are generally less liquid and can be more volatile than the U.S. market due to increased risks of adverse issuer, political, regulatory, market, or economic developments and can perform differently from the U.S. market. Each of these factors may impact the ability of the Fund to buy, sell or otherwise transfer securities, adversely affect the trading market and price for Fund shares, and cause the Fund to decline in value. |
n | Portfolio Turnover Risk. The Funds strategy may frequently involve buying and selling portfolio securities to rebalance the Funds exposure to various market sectors. Higher portfolio turnover may result in the Fund paying higher levels of transaction costs and generating greater tax liabilities for shareholders. Portfolio turnover risk may cause the Funds performance to be less than you expect. |
10 | WisdomTree Trust Prospectus |
n | Repurchase Agreement Risk. The Funds investment in repurchase agreements may be subject to market and credit risk with respect to the collateral securing the repurchase agreements. Investments in repurchase agreements also may be subject to the risk that the market value of the underlying obligations may decline prior to the expiration of the repurchase agreement term. |
n | Short Sales Risk. The Fund may engage in short sale transactions. The Fund will lose value if the security or instrument that is the subject of a short sale increases in value. The Fund also may enter into a short derivative position through a futures contract, swap agreement, structured note, or short positions on currency forwards. If the price of the security or derivative that is the subject of a short sale increases, then the Fund will incur a loss equal to the increase in price from the time that the short sale was entered into plus any premiums and interest paid to a third party in connection with the short sale. Therefore, short sales involve the risk that losses may be exaggerated, potentially losing more money than the actual cost of the investment. Also, there is the risk that the third party to the short sale may fail to honor its contract terms, causing a loss to the Fund. |
n | Sovereign Debt Risk. Bonds issued by governments, sometimes referred to as sovereign debt, present risks not associated with investments in other types of bonds. The government or agency issuing the debt may be unable or unwilling to make interest payments and/or repay the principal owed. In such instance, the Fund may have limited recourse against the issuing government or agency. In the past, governments of emerging market countries have refused to honor their payment obligations on issued bonds. |
n | Subsidiary Investment Risk. Changes in the laws of the United States and/or the Cayman Islands, under which the Fund and the WisdomTree Subsidiary are organized, respectively, could result in the inability of the WisdomTree Subsidiary to operate as intended and could negatively affect the Fund and its shareholders. |
n | Tax Risk. The Fund expects to obtain exposure to the commodities markets by entering into commodity-linked derivative instruments, such as listed futures contracts. In order for the Fund to qualify as a regulated investment company, the Fund must derive at least 90% of its gross income each taxable year from qualifying income. Income from certain commodity-linked derivative instruments in which the Fund invests may not be considered qualifying income. The Fund will seek to limit such income so as to qualify as a regulated investment company. The Fund intends to invest in such commodity-linked derivative instruments indirectly through the WisdomTree Subsidiary. Failure to comply with the requirements for qualification as a regulated investment company would have significant negative tax consequences to Fund shareholders. |
Fund Performance
The Fund commenced operations on July 14, 2011, and therefore does not have performance history for a full calendar year. Once the Fund has completed a full calendar year of operations, a bar chart and table will be included that will provide some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by showing the variability of the Funds return based on net assets and comparing the Funds performance to a broad measure of market performance.
Management
Investment Adviser and Sub-Adviser
WisdomTree Asset Management, Inc. serves as the investment adviser to the Fund. Mellon Capital Management Corporation serves as the sub-adviser to the Fund.
Portfolio Managers
Lisa Mears OConnor, CFA, a Managing Director, Fixed Income group, has been a portfolio manager of the Fund since its inception.
David Kwan, CFA, a Managing Director, Fixed Income group, has been a portfolio manager of the Fund since its inception.
Buying and Selling Fund Shares
The Fund is an ETF. This means that shares of the Fund are listed on a national securities exchange, such as the NYSE Arca, Inc., and trade at market prices. Most investors will buy and sell shares of the Fund through brokers. Because Fund shares trade at market prices rather than NAV, shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (premium) or less than NAV (discount).
The Fund issues and redeems shares at NAV only in large blocks of shares (Creation Units), which only institutions or large investors may purchase or redeem. Currently, Creation Units generally consist of 100,000 shares, though this may change from time to time. Creation Units are not expected to consist of less than 50,000 shares. The Fund generally issues and redeems Creation Units in exchange for a portfolio of fixed income securities closely approximating the holdings of the Fund or an amount of cash.
Tax Information
The Fund intends to make distributions that may be taxed as ordinary income or capital gains.
WisdomTree Trust Prospectus | 11 |
Additional Information About the Funds
Additional Investment Objective Information. Each Funds investment objective has been adopted as a non-fundamental investment policy and may be changed without a vote of shareholders upon at least 60 days prior written notice to shareholders.
Additional Information About the Funds Strategies. Unlike the Funds, the WisdomTree Subsidiaries are not investment companies registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, and therefore may invest in commodities and commodity-linked derivatives to a greater extent than the Funds. The WisdomTree Subsidiaries, however, are required to invest in commodity-linked derivatives in a manner consistent with the terms of their private letter rulings and certain provisions of the Investment Company Act of 1940. The WisdomTree Subsidiaries are otherwise subject to the same general investment policies and investment restrictions as the Funds.
The Funds may invest in a variety of swap agreements, including interest rate swaps, inflation-linked swaps, total return swaps, currency swaps, and commodity index swaps. A swap is an agreement between two parties to exchange payments based on a reference asset, which may be a currency or interest rate, but also may be a single asset, a pool of assets or an index of assets. A currency swap is an agreement between two parties to exchange one currency for another at a future rate. An interest rate swap typically involves the exchange of one interest rate payment for another, such as a floating interest rate payment for a fixed payment. An inflation-linked swap is an agreement between two parties to exchange payments at a future date based on the difference between a fixed payment and a payment linked to the inflation rate at a future date. A total return swap is an agreement between two parties in which one party agrees to make payments of the total return of a reference asset in return for payments equal to a rate of interest on another reference asset. A commodity index swap is an agreement between two parties to exchange cash flows or returns (or differences in return) on a commodity index.
Temporary Defensive Strategies. Each Fund reserves the right to invest in U.S. government securities, money market instruments, and cash, without limitation, as determined by the Adviser or Sub-Adviser in response to adverse market, economic, political, or other conditions. Each Fund also may hedge or minimize its exposure to one or more foreign currencies in response to such conditions. In the event that a Fund engages in temporary defensive strategies that are inconsistent with its investment strategies, the Funds ability to achieve its investment objective may be limited.
Additional Information About the Managed Futures Strategy Funds Investment Strategy. The Fund intends to achieve its investment objective using a combination of listed futures contracts, forward currency contracts and swap transactions that provide exposure to the commodity and financial futures in the Benchmark. A futures contract is a financial instrument in which a party agrees to pay a fixed price for securities or commodities at a specified future date. Listed futures contracts are traded at market prices on exchanges pursuant to terms common to all market participants. A forward currency contract is an agreement to buy or sell a specific currency at a future date at a price set at the time of the contract. A swap agreement is an agreement between two parties to exchange cash flows or returns (or differences in return) on a reference instrument, such as a commodity or currency, according to agreed-upon terms. The Fund also may invest in structured notes based on commodities and non-U.S. currencies. A structured note is a debt instrument the return on which is tied to a reference asset or rate, such as a commodity, commodity index, or currency exchange rate. In addition, the Fund will invest in U.S. government securities and money market instruments (including repurchase agreements) with remaining maturities of one year or less, as well as cash and cash equivalents, in order to collateralize its derivatives investments or for other purposes. A repurchase agreement is a transaction where a party purchases securities and simultaneously commits to resell them at an agreed-upon date at a price reflecting a market rate of interest unrelated to the coupon rate or maturity of the securities. The Fund generally expects to maintain an average portfolio maturity of 90 days or less on its investments in money market instruments. The Fund is managed using a strategy designed to provide returns that correspond to the performance of the Benchmark. The Benchmark is a rules-based indicator designed to capture rising or falling price trends in the commodity, currency and U.S. Treasury markets through long and short positions on U.S.-listed futures contracts. The Benchmark consists of U.S.-listed futures contracts on 16 tangible commodities and 8 financial futures. The 16 commodity futures contracts are: light crude oil, natural gas, RBOB gas, heating oil, soybeans, corn, wheat, gold, silver, copper, live cattle, lean hogs, coffee, cocoa, cotton and sugar. The 8 financial futures contracts are: the Australian dollar, British pound, Canadian dollar, euro, Japanese yen, Swiss franc, U.S. Treasury notes and U.S. Treasury bonds. Each contract is sometimes referred to as a Component of the Benchmark.
Components that are similar in nature (such as gold and silver) are aggregated into Sectors. There are ten commodity Sectors in the Benchmark: Energy, Grains, Precious Metals, Industrial Metals, Livestock, Natural Gas, Coffee, Cocoa, Cotton, and Sugar. Each financial futures contract is considered to be its own Sector. As a result, there are eight financial Sectors in the Benchmark: the Australian dollar, British pound, Canadian dollar, euro, Japanese yen, Swiss franc, U.S. Treasury notes and U.S. Treasury bonds.
In order to capture both rising and falling price trends, each Sector in the Benchmark (other than the Energy Sector) is positioned as either long or short (the Energy Sector is positioned as either long or flat (i.e., no exposure)). This determination is made on a monthly basis using an algorithm that compares the Sectors monthly return to the Sectors recent
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weighted moving average monthly returns. If the Sectors returns are above its moving average returns the Sector is positioned as long throughout the following month. If the Sectors returns are below its moving average returns the Sector is positioned as short throughout the following month (with the sole exception of the Energy Sector, which would be positioned as flat). All Components within a Sector are held in the same direction. The value of a Sector and the value of the Benchmark should increase if a long position increases in value or if a short position decreases in value. For example, if a Sector is long and the value of its Components goes up intra-month, the return of the Sector (and therefore the Benchmark) should increase. If a Sector is short, and the value of its Components goes down intra-month, the return of the Sector (and therefore the Benchmark) should increase.
The Energy Sector and its Components may never be positioned short within the Benchmark. The Benchmarks methodology provides that, due to significant levels of continuous consumption, limited reserves and other factors, the Energy Sector can only be long or flat (i.e., no exposure) within the Benchmark. If the Energy Sector is flat then the weighting of the other Sectors and Components within the Benchmark is increased on a pro-rata basis. As a result, when the Energy Sector is flat, financial futures will represent approximately 60% of the weight of the Benchmark, and commodities will represent approximately 40% of the weight of the Benchmark. When the Energy Sector is long, financial futures and commodity futures each represent 50% of the weight of the Benchmark.
At the beginning of each year and month, the Benchmark is weighted in one of two ways. If the Energy Sector is long, the Benchmark is weighted evenly (i.e., 50/50) between commodity futures contracts and financial futures contracts. If the Energy Sector is flat, financial futures represent approximately 60% of the weight of the Benchmark, and commodity futures represent approximately 40% of the Benchmark. At the beginning of each year, each Component and Sector has a Base Weight depending on whether the Energy Sector is long or flat. If the Energy Sector is flat then the Base Weight of the other Sectors and Components within the Benchmark is increased on a pro-rata basis. Commodity Sector weights are based on, but not exactly proportional to, historical world production levels. Commodity Sectors that have higher historical production levels are weighted higher in the Benchmark. Weightings of the financial futures Sectors are based on, but not directly proportional to, historical gross domestic product (GDP). Larger economic regions (i.e., Europe as measured by the euro) should get a higher weighting than smaller regions (i.e., Australia as measured by the Australian dollar).
The weight of each Component and Sector in the Benchmark changes throughout each month based upon performance. At the end of each month, each Sector is reset back to its applicable Base Weight depending on whether the Energy Sector is long or flat. Within Sectors that have multiple Components, the weight of each Component relative to the others is allowed to fluctuate throughout the year, and Component weights are reset back to their respective Base Weights only at year-end.
Benchmark Risk. The Benchmark is entirely model based. As market dynamics shift over time, the model may become outdated or inaccurate. The Benchmark is based, in part, on historical price trends. There can be no assurance that such trends will be reflected in future market movements.
The Benchmark and the Fund are not proxies for taking long positions. The Benchmark and the Fund take both long and short positions and are not substitutes for taking long positions. This is in contrast to traditional all long indices and funds which could be expected to increase and decrease in value in direct correlation to increases or decreases in global supply and demand, inflation and other factors affecting the price of the commodities and currencies on which they are based. The Benchmark and Fund could lose significant value during periods when markets rise.
The Benchmark and the Fund are not proxies for taking short positions. The Benchmark and the Fund take both long and short positions and are not substitutes for taking short positions. The Benchmark and Fund could lose significant value during periods when markets decline.
The Benchmark and the Fund are not proxies for spot price investments. The Benchmark and the Fund seek to provide returns based on price trends in commodity, currency and U.S. Treasury futures. Futures contracts reflect the expected future value of a commodity, currency or U.S. Treasury security. Spot prices reflect the immediate delivery value of a commodity, currency or U.S. Treasury security. The price movements of futures contracts typically are correlated with the movement of spot prices, but the correlation is imperfect and price moves in the spot market may not be reflected in the futures market. The Benchmark and the Fund do not track spot prices and should not be used by investors seeking exposure to the spot price of commodities, currencies and U.S. Treasury securities.
The Benchmark and the Fund only adjust positions as of the end of each month. The Benchmark does not make intra-month adjustments. As a result, the Fund generally will not make intra-month adjustments to its positions as of the end of the prior month, irrespective of intra-month price movements. Consequently, the Fund is subject to potentially significant losses during a month if the market moves against the positions established in the Benchmark and Fund as of the end of the prior month.
Materially adverse market scenarios. There are a number of market scenarios (as well as, possibly, other currently unanticipated events) in which the Benchmark and the Fund could decline materially. If the economic environment in the United States became comparable to that of Japan, for example, which has had a declining or static GDP for many years despite very low
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interest rates, accompanied by low inflation, the Benchmark and the Fund could decline materially. In this scenario, low inflation or a sudden shift from high inflation to disinflation would likely mean markets with few sustained price trends. This would result in a decline in the Benchmark and the Fund. In this scenario, the Benchmarks trend-following methodology would likely signal numerous long/short position switches without capturing any significant price movements. Because the Benchmarks methodology is based on historical trends, any factors which contribute to trendless markets are likely to be adverse to the Benchmark and therefore adverse to the Fund.
Whipsaw markets (as opposed to choppy or stable markets), in which significant price movements develop but then repeatedly reverse, could cause substantial losses to the Benchmark and the Fund. In this scenario, rapid reversals in prices may move against the Benchmarks long or short positions. As the Benchmark switches between such positions based on recent price histories indicating trends which then reverse and move counter to the Benchmarks long or short positions the Benchmark, and therefore the Fund, would decline in value. Financial and commodity indexes that track only long (or only short) positions would not be subject to being whipsawed in the same manner as the Benchmark. An unexpected change in government economic policy, a significant political or economic event, a surprise change in monetary policy, or a sudden shift in supply or demand, could cause a severe reversal in a number of markets traded in the Benchmark, resulting in material losses to the Fund.
The Benchmark has been structured based on, among other things, the general expectation that commodity, currency and financial prices will exhibit tendencies to trend over the intermediate term (periods of months to years). The market features and correlations which the Benchmark has been designed to capture may not be reflected in market price movements over certain periods particularly short periods and the Benchmark and the Fund may sustain losses during such periods.
Additional Risk Information About the Funds
This section provides additional information regarding the principal risks described under Principal Risks of Investing in the Fund in the Fund Summaries. Risk information may not be applicable to each Fund. Please consult the Fund Summaries sections to determine which risks are applicable to a particular Fund.
Capital Controls Risk. Economic conditions, such as volatile currency exchange rates and interest rates, political events and other conditions, may, without prior warning, lead to government intervention and the imposition of capital controls. Capital controls include the prohibition of, or restrictions on, the ability to transfer currency, securities or other assets. Levies may be placed on profits repatriated by foreign entities (such as the Global Real Return Fund). Capital controls may impact the ability of the Global Real Return Fund to buy, sell or otherwise transfer securities or currency, may adversely affect the trading market and price for shares of the Fund, and may cause the Fund to decline in value.
Cash Redemption Risk. Each Funds investment strategy will require it to redeem shares for cash or to otherwise include cash as part of its redemption proceeds. A Fund may be required to sell or unwind portfolio investments in order to obtain the cash needed to distribute redemption proceeds. This may cause the Fund to recognize capital gains that it might not have recognized if it had made a redemption in-kind. As a result, the Fund may pay out higher annual capital gain distributions than if the in-kind redemption process was used. Additionally, the realization of foreign exchange losses through security sales can impact income distributions paid by the Fund.
Commodity Risk. The value of commodities and commodity-linked derivative instruments typically is based upon the price movements of a physical commodity or an economic variable linked to such price movements. Therefore, the value of commodities and commodity-linked derivative instruments may be affected by, for example, changes in overall economic conditions, changes in interest rates, or factors affecting a particular commodity or industry, such as production, supply, demand, drought, floods, weather, political, economic and regulatory developments. The prices of commodities and commodity-related investments may fluctuate quickly and dramatically and may not correlate to price movements in other asset classes, such as stocks, bonds and cash. An active trading market may not exist for certain commodities. This may impair the ability of a Fund to sell its portfolio holdings quickly or for full value. Commodity derivatives, such as commodity-linked swaps and notes, are subject to the risk that the counterparty to the transaction may default or otherwise fail to perform. Each of these factors and events could have a significant negative impact on the Funds.
Counterparty Risk. The Funds intend to engage in investment transactions or enter into derivative or other contracts with third parties (i.e., counterparties). For example, the Funds intend to enter into forward currency contracts and swap transactions. The Funds bear the risk that the counterparty to such contracts may default on its obligations or otherwise fail to honor its obligations. If a counterparty defaults on its payment obligations the Fund will lose money and the value of an investment in Fund shares may decrease. In addition, the Funds may engage in such investment transactions with a limited number of counterparties, which may increase a Funds exposure to counterparty credit risk. Listed futures contracts can be traded on futures exchanges without material counterparty credit. After a trade is cleared, the exchange is the ultimate counterparty for all contracts, so the counterparty risk on a listed futures contract ultimately is the credit worthiness of the exchanges clearing corporation.
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Credit Risk. The financial condition of an issuer of a debt security, derivative or other instrument may cause it to default or become unable to pay interest or principal due. A Fund cannot collect interest and principal payments if the issuer defaults. Recent events in the financial sector have resulted in increased concerns about credit risk and exposure. Well-known financial institutions have experienced significant liquidity and other problems and have defaulted on their obligations. The degree of credit risk for a particular security may be reflected in its credit rating. A credit rating is a measure of an issuers ability to make timely payments of interest and principal. Rating agencies (such as Moodys Investors Service, Inc., Standard & Poors Corporation, or Fitch) assign letter designations typically ranging from AAA (lowest default risk) to C (highest default risk) or D (in default). A credit rating of BBB or higher generally is considered investment grade. Credit ratings are subjective, do not remove market risk and represent the opinions of the rating agencies as to the quality of the securities they rate. Credit ratings can change quickly and may not accurately reflect the risk of an issuer. Generally, investment risk and price volatility increase as the credit rating of a security or issuer declines. While the Funds attempt to limit credit exposure in a manner consistent with its investment objective, the value of an investment in the Funds may change quickly and without warning in response to issuer defaults and changes in the credit ratings of the Funds portfolio investments.
Currency Exchange Rate Risk. Changes in currency exchange rates and the relative value of non-U.S. currencies will affect the value of a Funds investment and the value of Fund shares. Generally, when the U.S. dollar rises in value against a foreign currency, an investment in that currency loses value because the currency is worth fewer U.S. dollars. The value of the U.S. dollar measured against other currencies is influenced by a variety of factors. These factors include: interest rates, national debt levels and trade deficits, changes in balances of payments and trade, global commodity and energy prices, global interest rates and global inflation rates. Government intervention and monetary policy will have a significant impact on currency exchange rates. Currency exchange rates may fluctuate quickly and dramatically and investments in currencies and currency-linked instruments may subject a Fund to greater volatility than investments in traditional equity and fixed income securities.
Deflation Risk. Inflation-linked securities and instruments linked to certain types of commodities (e.g., gold) generally provide investors with protection against periods of rising commodity and consumer prices, commonly referred to as inflation. In periods with falling commodity and consumer prices, commonly referred to as deflation, these securities and instruments may lose value and have an adverse effect on the Global Real Return Funds, and to a lesser extent, the Managed Futures Strategy Funds, performance.
Derivatives Investment Risk. The Funds may invest in derivatives. Derivatives are financial instruments that derive their performance from an underlying reference asset, such as a commodity, index, interest rate or currency exchange rate. Derivatives include forward currency contracts, futures contracts and currency, interest rate swaps, total return swaps and credit linked notes. A forward currency contract is an agreement to buy or sell a specific currency at a future date at a price set at the time of the contract. A non-deliverable forward currency contract is a contract where there is no physical settlement of two currencies at maturity. Rather, based on the movement of the currencies, a net cash settlement will be made by one party to the other. A futures contract is a standardized contract traded on a recognized exchange in which two parties agree to exchange either a specified financial asset or the cash equivalent of said asset of standardized quantity and quality for a price agreed upon today (the future price or the strike price) with delivery occurring at a specified future date. A currency swap is an agreement between two parties to exchange one currency for another at a future rate. An interest rate swap involves the exchange of a floating interest rate payment for a fixed interest payment. A total return swap is an agreement between two parties in which one party agrees to make payments of the total return of a reference asset in return for payments equal to a rate of interest on another reference asset. A credit linked note is a type of structured note whose value is linked to an underlying reference asset or entity. Credit linked notes typically provide periodic payments of interest as well as payment of principal upon maturity. Derivatives are subject to a number of risks described elsewhere in this Prospectus, such as credit risk, interest rate risk, and market risk. They also involve the risk that changes in the value of the derivative may not correlate perfectly with the underlying asset, rate or index, or that the counterparty to a derivative contract might default on its obligations. Derivatives can be volatile and may be less liquid than other securities. As a result, the value of an investment in a Fund may change quickly and without warning and you may lose money.
Emerging Markets Risk. Investments in securities and instruments traded in developing or emerging markets, or that provide exposure to such securities or markets, can involve additional risks relating to political, economic, or regulatory conditions not associated with investments in U.S. securities and instruments or investments in more developed international markets. For example, emerging markets may be subject to (i) greater market volatility, (ii) lower trading volume and liquidity, (iii) greater social, political and economic uncertainty, (iv) governmental controls on foreign investments and limitations on repatriation of invested capital, (v) lower disclosure, corporate governance, auditing and financial reporting standards, (vi) fewer protections of property rights, (vii) restrictions on the transfer of securities or currency, and (viii) settlement and trading practices that differ from U.S. markets. Each of these factors may impact the ability of the Global Real Return Fund to buy, sell or otherwise transfer securities, adversely affect the trading market and price for Fund shares and cause the Fund to decline in value.
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High Yield Securities Risk. The Global Real Return Fund may invest a limited portion of its assets in securities rated lower than Baa by Moodys, or equivalently rated by S&P or Fitch. Such securities are sometimes referred to as high yield securities or junk bonds. Investing in these securities involves special risks in addition to the risks associated with investments in higher-rated fixed income securities. While offering a greater potential for capital appreciation and higher yields, high yield securities typically entail higher price volatility and may be less liquid than securities with higher ratings. High yield securities may be regarded as predominately speculative with respect to the issuers continuing ability to meet principal and interest payments. Issuers of securities in default may fail to resume principal or interest payments, in which case a Fund may lose its entire investment.
Income Fluctuation Risk. The Global Real Return Funds periodic income distributions are likely to fluctuate considerably more than the income distributions of a typical bond fund. Income fluctuations associated with changes in interest rates are expected to be minimal. However, income fluctuations associated with changes in inflation could be significant. The Funds income may decline during periods of deflation or due to changes in expectations concerning the rate of inflation. In deflationary environments, the principal and income of an inflation-protected security will decline and could result in losses for the Fund.
Inflation Risk. Inflation risk is the risk that an asset, or the cash flow from an asset, will diminish in purchasing power because of future increases in the prices of goods or services (i.e., inflation). Because the principal amount of and the coupon payments on inflation-linked bonds increase with inflation, inflation-linked bonds help protect against increases in inflation rates. An increase in the principal amount of an inflation-linked bond will be considered taxable ordinary income, even though investors do not receive the increased principal until maturity. As a result, in certain circumstances, the Global Real Return Fund may be required to make annual distributions to shareholders that exceed the cash received by the Fund on its investments. This may cause the Fund to liquidate investments when it might not be advantageous to do so and may have negative tax consequences.
Interest Rate Risk. The market value of fixed income securities, and financial instruments related to fixed income securities, will change in response to changes in interest rates and may change in response to other factors, such as perception of an issuers creditworthiness. As interest rates rise, the value of certain fixed income securities is likely to decrease. Similarly, if interest rates decline, the value of fixed income securities is likely to increase. While securities with longer maturities tend to produce higher yields, the prices of longer maturity securities tend to be more sensitive to changes in interest rates and thus are subject to greater volatility than securities with shorter maturities. The average portfolio maturity of a Fund is the average of all the current maturities of the individual securities in the Funds portfolio. Average portfolio maturity is important to investors as an indication of the Funds sensitivity to changes in interest rates. Funds with longer portfolio maturities generally are subject to greater interest rate risk.
Investment Risk. As with all investments, an investment in the Funds is subject to investment risk. Investors in the Funds could lose money, including the possible loss of the entire principal amount of an investment, over short or even long periods of time. An investment in the Funds is not a bank deposit and it is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency.
Issuer-Specific Risk. Changes in the financial condition of an issuer or counterparty, changes in specific economic or political conditions that affect a particular type of security or issuer, and changes in general economic or political conditions can affect a securitys or instruments value. The value of securities of smaller, less well-known issuers can be more volatile than that of larger issuers. Issuer-specific events can have a negative impact on the value of a Fund.
Liquidity Risk. The Funds may invest in derivatives and other instruments that may be less liquid than other types of investments. Investments that are less liquid or that trade less can be more difficult or more costly to buy, or to sell, compared to other more liquid or active investments. This liquidity risk is a factor of the trading volume of a particular investment, as well as the size and liquidity of the market for such an investment. The derivatives in which a Fund invests may not always be liquid. This could have a negative effect on a Funds ability to achieve its investment objective and may result in losses to Fund shareholders.
Management Risk. The Funds are actively managed using proprietary investment strategies and processes. There can be no guarantee that these strategies and processes will produce the intended results and no guarantee that the Funds will achieve its investment objective or outperform other investment strategies over short- or long-term market cycles.
Market Risk. The trading prices of commodities, currencies, fixed income securities and other instruments fluctuate in response to a variety of factors. These factors include events impacting the entire market or specific market segments, such as political, market and economic developments, as well as events that impact specific issuers. The Funds NAV and market price, like security and commodity prices generally, may fluctuate significantly in response to these and other factors. As a result, an investor could lose money over short or long periods of time.
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Non-Diversification Risk. Although the Funds intend to invest in a variety of securities and instruments, each Fund will be considered to be non-diversified, which means that they may invest more of its assets in the securities of a single issuer or a smaller number of issuers than if it were a diversified fund. As a result, the Funds may be more exposed to the risks associated with and developments affecting an individual issuer or a smaller number of issuers than a fund that invests more widely. This may increase each Funds volatility and cause the performance of a relatively smaller number of issuers to have a greater impact on the Funds performance.
Non-U.S. Markets Risk. The Global Real Return Fund may invest in bonds and other instruments issued by non-U.S. governments or that track non-U.S. interest or inflation rates. Foreign markets can be more volatile than the U.S. market due to increased risks of adverse issuer, political, regulatory, market, or economic developments and can perform differently from the U.S. market. Investing in securities of foreign companies directly, or in financial instruments that are indirectly linked to the performance of foreign issuers, may involve risks not typically associated with investing in U.S. issuers. The value of bonds and instruments denominated in foreign currencies, and the interest and other payments attributable to such bonds and instruments, can change significantly when foreign currencies strengthen or weaken relative to the U.S. dollar. Foreign securities markets generally have less trading volume and less liquidity than U.S. markets, and prices in some foreign markets may fluctuate more than those of securities traded on U.S. markets. Many foreign countries lack accounting and disclosure standards comparable to those that apply to U.S. companies, and it may be more difficult to obtain reliable information regarding a foreign issuers financial condition and operations. Transaction costs and costs associated with custody services are generally higher for foreign securities than they are for U.S. securities. Some foreign governments levy withholding taxes against dividend and interest income. Although in some countries portions of these taxes are recoverable, the non-recovered portion will reduce the income received by the Fund.
Portfolio Turnover Risk. Each of the Funds strategies may frequently involve buying and selling portfolio securities to rebalance the Funds exposure to various market sectors. Higher portfolio turnover may result in a Fund paying higher levels of transaction costs and generating greater tax liabilities for shareholders. Portfolio turnover risk may cause a Funds performance to be less than you expect.
Repurchase Agreement Risk. The Funds will enter into repurchase agreements only with counterparties that are deemed to present acceptable credit risks, and the collateral securing the repurchase agreements generally will be limited to U.S. government securities and cash. If the market value of the underlying obligations of a repurchase agreement declines, the counterparty must provide additional collateral so that at all times the value of the collateral is greater than the repurchase price of the underlying obligations. Nonetheless, should a counterparty become insolvent or otherwise default, there could be a delay before a Fund is able to liquidate the collateral, which would subject the collateral and the Fund to market risk during that period.
Shares of the Funds May Trade at Prices Other Than NAV. As with all ETFs, Fund shares may be bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. Although it is expected that the market price of the shares of each Fund will approximate the Funds NAV, there may be times when the market price and the NAV vary significantly. Thus, you may pay more (or less) than NAV intra-day when you buy shares of a Fund in the secondary market, and you may receive more (or less) than NAV when you sell those shares in the secondary market.
Short Sales Risk. The Funds may engage in short sale transactions. A short sale involves the sale by a Fund of an instrument or security that it does not own with the hope of purchasing the same security at a later date at a lower price. Short sales are designed to profit from a decline in the price of a security or instrument. A Fund will lose value if the security or instrument that is the subject of a short sale increases in value. This is the opposite of traditional long investments where the value of a Fund increases as the value of a portfolio security or instrument increases. The Funds also may enter into a short derivative position through a futures contract, swap agreement, structured note, or short positions on currency forwards. If the price of the security or derivative that is the subject of a short sale increases, then a Fund will incur a loss equal to the increase in price from the time that the short sale was entered into plus any premiums and interest paid to a third party in connection with the short sale. Therefore, short sales involve the risk that losses may be exaggerated, potentially losing more money than the actual cost of the investment. Also, there is the risk that the third party to the short sale may fail to honor its contract terms, causing a loss to a Fund.
Sovereign Debt Risk. The Global Real Return Funds investments in sovereign debt, which includes securities issued or guaranteed by a foreign sovereign government, present risks not associated with investments in other types of bonds. The issuer of the sovereign debt that controls the repayment of the debt may be unable or unwilling to repay principal or interest payments when due, and the Fund may have limited recourse against the issuing government or agency in the event of a default. During periods of economic uncertainty, the market prices of sovereign debt, and the Funds NAV, may be more volatile than prices of U.S. bonds. In the past, governments of certain emerging market countries have encountered difficulties in servicing their debt obligations, withheld payments of principal and interest, refused to honor their payment obligations on their sovereign debt, and restructured their indebtedness. The restructuring of sovereign debt may involve obtaining
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additional credit to finance outstanding obligations and the reduction or rescheduling of payments of interest and principal. As a holder of such sovereign debt, the Fund may be asked to participate in the restructuring of such sovereign indebtedness. There can be no assurance that such restructurings will result in the full repayment of the issuers sovereign debt.
Subsidiary Investment Risk. The WisdomTree Subsidiaries are not registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 and are not subject to all of the investor protections of the Investment Company Act of 1940. Thus, the Funds, as investors in the WisdomTree Subsidiaries, will not have all of the protections offered to investors in registered investment companies. In addition, changes in the laws of the United States and/or the Cayman Islands, under which the Funds and the WisdomTree Subsidiaries are organized, respectively, could result in the inability of the Funds and/or the WisdomTree Subsidiaries to operate as intended and could negatively affect the Funds and their shareholders.
Tax Risk. The Funds expect to obtain exposure to the commodities markets by entering into commodity-linked derivative instruments, such as listed futures contracts, forward currency contracts, swaps and structured notes. In order for a Fund to qualify as a regulated investment company, the Fund must derive at least 90% of its gross income each taxable year from qualifying income. Income from certain commodity-linked derivative instruments in which the Fund invests may not be considered qualifying income. The Funds intend to invest in such commodity-linked derivative instruments indirectly through the WisdomTree Subsidiaries. To the extent a Fund makes direct investments in commodity-linked derivative instruments, it will seek to restrict the resulting income from such instruments so that, when combined with its other non-qualifying income, the Funds non-qualifying income is less than 10% of its gross income. A Fund might generate more non-qualifying income than anticipated, might not be able to generate qualifying income in a particular taxable year at levels sufficient to meet the qualifying income test, or might not be able to determine the percentage of qualifying income it derives for a taxable year until after year-end. Failure to comply with the qualifying income test would have significant negative tax consequences to Fund shareholders. Under certain circumstances, a Fund may be able to cure a failure to meet the qualifying income test, but in order to do so the Fund may incur significant Fund-level taxes, which would effectively reduce (and could eliminate) the Funds returns. Important tax information is described in more detail below in the section on Additional Tax Information.
Volatility Risk. The Managed Futures Strategy Fund and its underlying Benchmark are designed to capture the long-term economic benefits of rising or declining market trends. Frequent or significant short-term price movements could adversely impact the performance of the Fund and its underlying Benchmark. Whipsaw markets (as opposed to choppy or stable markets), in which significant price movements develop but then repeatedly reverse, could cause substantial losses due to prices moving against the Funds long or short positions (which are based on prior trends) and generally are not adjusted on an intra-month basis.
Portfolio Holdings Information
Information about the Funds daily portfolio holdings is available at www.wisdomtree.com. In addition, each Fund discloses its complete portfolio holdings as of the end of its fiscal year (August 31) and its second fiscal quarter (February 28) in its reports to shareholders. Each Fund files its complete portfolio holdings as of the end of its first and third fiscal quarters (November 30 and May 31, respectively) with the SEC on Form N-Q no later than 60 days after the relevant fiscal period. You can find the SEC filings on the SECs website, www.sec.gov. A summarized description of the Funds policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure of the Funds portfolio holdings is available in the Statement of Additional Information (SAI) for WisdomTree Trust (Trust).
18 | WisdomTree Trust Prospectus |
As investment adviser, WisdomTree Asset Management Inc. (WisdomTree Asset Management) has overall responsibility for the general management and administration of the Trust. WisdomTree Investments, Inc. (WisdomTree Investments) is the parent company of WisdomTree Asset Management. WisdomTree Asset Management provides an investment program for each Fund. WisdomTree Asset Management also arranges for sub-advisory, transfer agency, custody, fund administration, and all other non-distribution related services necessary for the Funds to operate.
For the fiscal year ended August 31, 2012, each Fund paid WisdomTree Asset Management advisory fees at an annual rate equal to the following percentage of each Funds average daily net assets:
Name of Fund | Advisory Fee Rate | |||
Managed Futures Strategy Fund | 0.95 | % | ||
Global Real Return Fund | 0.60 | % |
Under the Investment Advisory Agreement for each Fund, WisdomTree Asset Management has agreed to pay all expenses of the Funds, except for: (i) brokerage expenses and other expenses (such as stamp taxes) connected with the execution of portfolio transactions or in connection with creation and redemption transactions; (ii) legal fees or expenses in connection with any arbitration, litigation or pending or threatened arbitration or litigation, including any settlements in connection therewith; (iii) compensation and expenses of each independent trustee; (iv) compensation and expenses of counsel to the independent trustees; (v) compensation and expenses of the Trusts Chief Compliance Officer (CCO); (vi) extraordinary expenses; (vii) distribution fees and expenses paid by the Trust under any distribution plan adopted pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act; and (viii) the advisory fee payable to WisdomTree Asset Management. Pursuant to a separate contractual arrangement, WisdomTree Asset Management arranges for the provision of CCO services with respect to each Fund, and is liable and responsible for, and administers, payments to the CCO, the Independent Trustees and counsel to the Independent Trustees. WisdomTree Asset Management receives a fee of up to 0.0044% of each Funds average daily net assets for providing such services and paying such expenses. WisdomTree Asset Management provides CCO services to the Trust.
The basis for the Board of Trustees approval of the Funds Investment Advisory Agreement is available in the Trusts Annual Report to Shareholders for the period ending August 31, 2012.
WisdomTree Asset Management is a registered investment adviser with offices located at 380 Madison Avenue, 21st Floor, New York, NY 10017 and is a leader in ETF management. WisdomTree Asset Management is registered with the U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) as a commodity pool operator (CPO) under the Commodity Exchange Act. As of November 30, 2012, WisdomTree Asset Management had assets under management totaling approximately $17.2 billion.
WisdomTree Asset Management is also responsible for the general management and administration of each Funds WisdomTree Subsidiarys investment program pursuant to a separate investment advisory agreement between the Adviser and each WisdomTree Subsidiary. Under the advisory agreements, the Adviser provides each WisdomTree Subsidiary with the same type of management, for the same fee and under essentially the same terms, as is provided to the Funds. Each WisdomTree Subsidiary has also entered into separate contracts for the provision of custody, transfer agency, and accounting services with the same service providers that provide those services to the Funds.
As sub-adviser to the Funds, Mellon Capital Management Corporation (Mellon Capital or the Sub-Adviser) is responsible for the day-to-day management of each Fund. Mellon Capital chooses each Funds portfolio investments and places orders to buy and sell the Funds portfolio investments. Mellon Capital also serves as sub-adviser to each Funds WisdomTree Subsidiary and is responsible for its day-to-day management. Mellon Capital also chooses each WisdomTree Subsidiarys portfolio investments and places orders to buy and sell the WisdomTree Subsidiarys portfolio investments.
Mellon Capital is a leading innovator in the investment industry and manages global quantitative-based investment strategies for institutional and private investors. As of November 30, 2012, Mellon Capital had assets under management totaling approximately $256.4 billion. Mellon Capital is a wholly-owned indirect subsidiary of The Bank of New York Mellon Corporation, a publicly traded financial holding company. Mellon Capital is a registered investment adviser with offices located at 50 Fremont Street, San Francisco, California 94105.
The basis for the Board of Trustees approval of the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement is available in the Trusts Annual Report to Shareholders for the period ended August 31, 2012.
WisdomTree Trust Prospectus | 19 |
WisdomTree Asset Management, as the investment adviser for the Funds, may hire one or more sub-advisers to oversee the day-to-day activities of the Funds. The sub-advisers are subject to oversight by WisdomTree Asset Management. WisdomTree Asset Management and the Trust have received an exemptive order from the SEC that permits WisdomTree Asset Management, with the approval of the Independent Trustees, to retain unaffiliated investment sub-advisers for each Fund without submitting the sub-advisory agreement to a vote of the Funds shareholders. The Trust will notify shareholders in the event of any change in the identity of such sub-adviser or sub-advisers. WisdomTree Asset Management has ultimate responsibility for the investment performance of the Funds due to its responsibility to oversee the sub-advisers and recommend their hiring, termination and replacement. WisdomTree Asset Management is not required to disclose fees paid to any sub-adviser retained pursuant to the exemptive order.
The Sub-Adviser utilizes teams of investment professionals acting together to manage the assets of each Fund. The teams meet regularly to review portfolio holdings and to discuss purchase and sale activity. The teams adjust holdings in each Funds portfolio as they deem appropriate in the pursuit of the Funds investment objective. The individual members of the team who are primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of each Funds portfolio are listed below.
Vassilis Dagioglu is a Managing Director of Mellon Capitals Asset Allocation Team and has been with Mellon Capital for 13 years. He received his M.B.A. from the University of California Berkeley and has 14 years of investment experience.
David C. Kwan, CFA, is a Managing Director of Mellon Capitals Fixed Income Team and has been a Managing Director of Mellon Capital since 2000. He has also been the Head of the Fixed Income Management Group since 1994. He received his M.B.A. from the University of California at Berkeley in 1990. Mr. Kwan has 22 years of investment experience.
Lisa Mears OConnor, CFA, is a Managing Director of Mellon Capitals Fixed Income Team and has been a Managing Director of Mellon Capital since 2010. She manages Mellon Capitals active Fixed Income Team. She received her M.B.A. from the University of California at Berkeley in 2002. Ms. Mears OConnor attained the Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA) designation in 1998. Ms. Mears OConnor has over 20 years of investment experience.
James Stavena is a Managing Director of Mellon Capitals Asset Allocation Team and has been with Mellon Capital for 12 years. He received his M.B.A. from Rice University and has over 20 years of investment experience.
Mr. Kwan and Ms. OConnor manage the Global Real Return Fund. Mr. Dagioglu and Mr. Stavena manage the Managed Futures Strategy Fund. Each portfolio manager has managed each Fund since inception.
The Trusts SAI provides additional information about the Portfolio Managers compensation, other accounts managed by the Portfolio Managers, and the Portfolio Managers ownership of shares in the Funds for which they are Portfolio Managers.
Additional Information on Buying and Selling Shares
Most investors will buy and sell shares of the Funds through brokers. Shares of the Funds trade on the NYSE Arca and elsewhere during the trading day and can be bought and sold throughout the trading day like other shares of publicly traded securities. When buying or selling shares through a broker, most investors will incur customary brokerage commissions and charges. Shares of the Funds trade under the trading symbols listed on the cover of this Prospectus.
As with other types of securities, the trading prices of shares in the secondary market can be affected by market forces such as supply and demand, economic conditions and other factors. The price you pay or receive when you buy or sell your shares in the secondary market may be more or less than the NAV of such shares.
The approximate value of shares of each Fund is disseminated every 15 seconds throughout the trading day by the national securities exchange on which such Fund is listed or by other information providers. This approximate value should not be viewed as a real time update of the NAV, because the approximate value may not be calculated in the same manner as the NAV, which is computed once per day. The approximate value generally is determined by using amortized cost for securities with remaining maturities of 60 days or less, current market quotations and/or price quotations obtained from broker-dealers that may trade in the portfolio securities held by the Funds. The Funds are not involved in, or responsible for, the calculation or dissemination of the approximate value and make no warranty as to its accuracy.
Determination of Net Asset Value
The NAV of each Funds shares is calculated each day the New York Stock Exchange is open for trading as of the close of regular trading, generally 4:00 p.m., New York time. NAV per share is calculated by dividing a Funds net assets by the number of Fund shares outstanding.
In calculating its NAV, each Fund generally values its assets on the basis of market quotations, last sale prices, or estimates of value furnished by a pricing service or brokers who make markets in such instruments. Debt obligations with maturities of 60 days or less are valued at amortized cost, which approximates fair value.
20 | WisdomTree Trust Prospectus |
Fair value pricing is used by the Funds when reliable market valuations are not readily available or are not deemed to reflect current market values. For these purposes, a price based on amortized cost is considered a market valuation. Securities that may be valued using fair value pricing may include, but are not limited to, securities for which there are no current market quotations or whose issuer is in default or bankruptcy, securities subject to corporate actions (such as mergers or reorganizations), securities subject to non-U.S. investment limits or currency controls, and securities affected by significant events. An example of a significant event is an event occurring after the close of the market in which a security trades but before a Funds next NAV calculation time that may materially affect the value of a Funds investment (e.g., government action, natural disaster, or significant market fluctuation). When fair-value pricing is employed, the prices of securities used by a Fund to calculate its NAV may differ from quoted or published prices for the same securities.
Transactions in Fund shares will be priced at NAV only if you purchase or redeem shares directly from a Fund in Creation Units. Fund shares are purchased or sold on a national securities exchange at market prices, which may be higher or lower than NAV.
The Managed Futures Strategy Fund intends to pay out dividends, if any, on an annual basis, and the Global Real Return Fund intends to pay out dividends, if any, on a quarterly basis, but in any event no less frequently than annually. Each Fund intends to distribute its net realized capital gains, if any, annually. The Funds may occasionally be required to make supplemental distributions at some other time during the year. Distributions in cash may be reinvested automatically in additional whole shares only if the broker through whom you purchased shares makes such option available. Your broker is responsible for distributing the income and capital gain distributions to you.
Shares of the Funds are held in book-entry form, which means that no stock certificates are issued. The Depository Trust Company (DTC) or its nominee is the record owner of all outstanding shares of each Fund.
Investors owning shares of the Funds are beneficial owners as shown on the records of DTC or its participants. DTC serves as the securities depository for all shares of the Funds. Participants include DTC, securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations, and other institutions that directly or indirectly maintain a custodial relationship with DTC. As a beneficial owner of shares, you are not entitled to receive physical delivery of stock certificates or to have shares registered in your name, and you are not considered a registered owner of shares. Therefore, to exercise any right as an owner of shares, you must rely upon the procedures of DTC and its participants. These procedures are the same as those that apply to any securities that you hold in book entry or street name form. Your broker will provide you with account statements, confirmations of your purchases and sales, and tax information.
Delivery of Shareholder Documents Householding
Householding is an option available to certain investors of the Funds. Householding is a method of delivery, based on the preference of the individual investor, in which a single copy of certain shareholder documents can be delivered to investors who share the same address, even if their accounts are registered under different names. Householding for the Funds is available through certain broker-dealers. If you are interested in enrolling in householding and receiving a single copy of prospectuses and other shareholder documents, please contact your broker-dealer. If you are currently enrolled in householding and wish to change your householding status, please contact your broker-dealer.
Frequent Purchases and Redemptions of Fund Shares
The Funds have adopted policies and procedures with respect to frequent purchases and redemptions of Creation Units of Fund shares. Since the Funds are ETFs, only a few institutional investors (known as Authorized Participants) are authorized to purchase and redeem shares directly with the Funds. Because purchase and redemption transactions with Authorized Participants are an essential part of the ETF process and help keep ETF trading prices in line with NAV, each Fund accommodates frequent purchases and redemptions of Creation Units by Authorized Participants. Frequent purchases and redemptions for cash may increase portfolio transaction costs and may lead to realization of capital gains. Frequent in-kind creations and redemptions do not give rise to these concerns. Each Fund reserves the right to reject any purchase order at any time. Each Fund reserves the right to impose restrictions on disruptive, excessive, or short-term trading and may reject purchase orders in such instances.
Investments by Registered Investment Companies
Section 12(d)(1) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 restricts investments by registered investment companies in the securities of other investment companies, including shares of each Fund. Registered investment companies are permitted to invest in the Funds beyond the limits set forth in section 12(d)(1), subject to certain terms and conditions set forth in an SEC exemptive order issued to the WisdomTree Trust, including that such investment companies enter into an agreement with the Funds.
WisdomTree Trust Prospectus | 21 |
The following discussion is a summary of some important U.S. federal income tax considerations generally applicable to investments in the Funds. Your investment in a Fund may have other tax implications. Please consult your tax advisor about the tax consequences of an investment in Fund shares, including the possible application of foreign, state and local tax laws.
Each Fund intends to qualify each year for treatment as a regulated investment company. If it meets certain minimum distribution requirements, a regulated investment company is not subject to tax at the fund level on income and gains from investments that are distributed to shareholders. However, a Funds failure to qualify as a regulated investment company or to meet minimum distribution requirements would result in fund-level taxation, and consequently, a reduction in income available for distribution to shareholders.
Unless your investment in shares is made through a tax-exempt entity or tax-deferred retirement account, such as an individual retirement account, you need to be aware of the possible tax consequences when:
n | A Fund makes distributions, |
n | You sell shares, and |
n | You purchase or redeem Creation Units (for institutional investors only). |
For federal income tax purposes, distributions of investment income are generally taxable as ordinary income. Taxes on distributions of capital gains (if any) are determined by how long a Fund owned the investments that generated them, rather than how long a shareholder has owned his or her Fund shares. Sales of assets held by a Fund for more than one year generally result in long-term capital gains and losses, and sales of assets held by a Fund for one year or less generally result in short-term capital gains and losses. Distributions of a Funds net capital gain (the excess of net long-term capital gains over net short-term capital losses) that are properly reported by the Fund as capital gain dividends (Capital Gain Dividends) will be taxable as long-term capital gains. Long-term capital gain rates have been temporarily reduced in general, to 15% with a 0% rate applying to taxpayers in the 10% and 15% rate brackets for taxable years beginning before January 1, 2013. Distributions of short-term capital gain will be taxable as ordinary income.
In general, your distributions are subject to federal income tax for the year in which they are paid. Certain distributions paid in January, however, may be treated as paid on December 31 of the prior year. Distributions are generally taxable even if they are paid from income or gains earned by a Fund before your investment (and thus were included in the price you paid for your shares).
Dividends and distributions from a Fund will generally be taken into account in determining a shareholders net investment income for purposes of the Medicare contribution tax applicable to certain individuals, estates and trusts for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2012.
If you are neither a resident nor a citizen of the United States or if you are a foreign entity, a Funds dividends (other than Capital Gain Dividends) generally will be subject to a 30% U.S. withholding tax, unless a lower treaty rate applies.
Also, beginning in 2014, a 30% U.S. withholding tax may be imposed on dividends and on proceeds from the sale of Fund shares paid to foreign shareholders if certain disclosure requirements are not satisfied.
The Funds (or financial intermediaries, such as brokers, through which shareholders own Fund shares) generally are required to withhold and to remit to the U.S. Treasury a percentage of the taxable distributions and the sale or redemption proceeds paid to any shareholder who fails to properly furnish a correct taxpayer identification number, who has under-reported dividend or interest income, or who fails to certify that he, she or it is not subject to such withholding.
Taxes When Fund Shares Are Sold
Any capital gain or loss realized upon a sale of Fund shares is generally treated as a long-term gain or loss if the shares have been held for more than one year. Any capital gain or loss realized upon a sale of Fund shares held for one year or less is generally treated as a short-term gain or loss, except that any capital loss on a sale of shares held for six months or less is treated as long-term capital loss to the extent that Capital Gain Dividends were paid with respect to such shares. The ability to deduct capital losses may be limited depending on your circumstances.
Taxes on Creation and Redemption of Creation Units
An Authorized Participant having the U.S. dollar as its functional currency for U.S. federal tax purposes that exchanges debt or money market securities or non-U.S. currency for Creation Units generally will recognize a gain or loss equal to the difference between (i) the sum of the market value of the Creation Units at the time of the exchange and any amount of cash received by the Authorized Participant in the exchange and (ii) the sum of the exchangers aggregate basis in the debt or
22 | WisdomTree Trust Prospectus |
money market securities or non-U.S. currency surrendered and any amount of cash paid for such Creation Units. A person who redeems Creation Units for debt or money market securities or non-U.S. currency will generally recognize a gain or loss equal to the difference between the exchangers basis in the Creation Units and the sum of the aggregate U.S. dollar market value of the securities or non-U.S. currency plus the amount of any cash received for such Creation Units. The Internal Revenue Service, however, may assert that a loss that is realized by an Authorized Participant upon an exchange of securities or non-U.S. currency for Creation Units cannot be currently deducted under the rules governing wash sales, or on the basis that there has been no significant change in economic position.
Gain or loss recognized by an Authorized Participant upon an issuance of Creation Units in exchange for non-U.S. currency will generally be treated as ordinary income or loss. Gain or loss recognized by an Authorized Participant upon an issuance of Creation Units in exchange for debt or money market securities, or upon a redemption of Creation Units, may be capital or ordinary gain or loss depending on the circumstances. Any capital gain or loss realized upon an issuance of Creation Units in exchange for debt or money market securities will generally be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the debt or money market securities have been held for more than one year. Any capital gain or loss realized upon the redemption of a Creation Unit will generally be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the Fund shares comprising the Creation Unit have been held for more than one year. Otherwise, such capital gains or losses are treated as short-term capital gains or losses.
A person subject to U.S. federal income tax who receives non-U.S. currency upon a redemption of Creation Units and does not immediately convert the non-U.S. currency into U.S. dollars may, upon a later conversion of the non-U.S. currency into U.S. dollars, recognize as ordinary gains or losses any gains or losses resulting from fluctuations in the value of the non-U.S. currency relative to the U.S. dollar since the date of the redemption.
Persons exchanging securities or non-U.S. currency for Creation Units should consult their own tax advisors with respect to the tax treatment of any creation or redemption transaction. If you purchase or redeem Creation Units, you will be sent a confirmation statement showing how many shares you purchased or redeemed and at what price.
Foreign Investments by the Funds
Interest and other income received by a Fund with respect to foreign securities may give rise to withholding and other taxes imposed by foreign countries. Tax conventions between certain countries and the United States may reduce or eliminate such taxes. If as of the close of a taxable year more than 50% of the total assets of a Fund consist of stock or securities of foreign corporations, the Fund intends to pass through to investors the amount of foreign income and similar taxes (including withholding taxes) paid by the Fund during that taxable year. This means that investors will be considered to have received as additional income their respective shares of such foreign taxes, but may be entitled to either a corresponding tax deduction in calculating taxable income or, subject to certain limitations, a credit in calculating federal income tax.
Investment in the WisdomTree Subsidiaries
One of the requirements for qualification as a regulated investment company (a RIC) under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Code) is that each Fund must derive at least 90% of its gross income for each taxable year from qualifying income. Qualifying income includes dividends, interest, payments with respect to certain securities loans, and gains from the sale or other disposition of stock, securities or foreign currencies, or other income derived with respect to its business of investing in such stock, securities or currencies. The IRS has issued a revenue ruling which concludes that income derived from certain commodity-linked swaps is not qualifying income under Subchapter M of the Code.
Each Fund has received a private letter ruling from the IRS with respect to its investments in certain commodity-linked notes and its respective WisdomTree Subsidiary, which provides that the income received from both types of investments will be treated as qualifying income to that Fund. The IRS is not currently issuing additional private letter rulings similar to those issued to the Funds with respect to the WisdomTree Subsidiaries and is reportedly reconsidering certain of the issues addressed by the rulings. If the IRS were to assert that income derived from certain commodity-linked notes or from the Funds investments in the WisdomTree Subsidiaries do not constitute qualifying income, and if such assertion were upheld, the Funds might cease to qualify as RICs or could be required to reduce their exposure to such investments which may result in difficulty in implementing each Funds investment strategy. If a Fund did not qualify as a RIC for any taxable year and certain relief provisions were not available, the Funds taxable income would be subject to tax at the Fund level and to a further tax at the shareholder level when such income is distributed. If a Fund were to fail to qualify as a RIC in any year, it would be required to pay out its earnings and profits accumulated in that year in order to qualify again as a RIC. Under certain circumstances, a Fund may be able to cure a failure to qualify as a RIC, but in order to do so the Fund may incur significant Fund-level taxes and may be forced to dispose of certain assets. If a Fund failed to qualify as a RIC for a period greater than two taxable years, the Fund would generally be required to recognize any net built-in gains with respect to certain of its assets upon a disposition of such assets within ten years of qualifying as a RIC in a subsequent year. A failure to qualify as a RIC could cause investors to incur higher tax liabilities than they otherwise would have incurred and could have a negative impact on Fund returns. In such event, the Funds Board of Trustees may determine to reorganize or close the Fund or materially change the Funds investment objective and strategies.
WisdomTree Trust Prospectus | 23 |
Changes in the laws of the United States and/or the Cayman Islands, under which the Funds and the WisdomTree Subsidiaries are organized, respectively, could result in the inability of the Funds and/or the WisdomTree Subsidiaries to operate as described in this Prospectus and could negatively affect the Funds and their shareholders. For example, Cayman Islands law does not currently impose any income, corporate or capital gains tax, estate duty, inheritance tax, gift tax or withholding tax on the WisdomTree Subsidiaries. If Cayman Islands law changes such that the WisdomTree Subsidiaries must pay Cayman Islands governmental authority taxes, the Funds shareholders would likely suffer decreased investment returns. There remains a risk that the tax treatment of swap agreements and other derivative instruments, such as commodity-linked notes, swap agreements, commodity options, futures, and options on futures, may be affected by future regulatory or legislative changes that could affect the character, timing and/or amount of the Funds taxable income or gains and distributions.
ALPS Distributors, Inc. (the Distributor) serves as the distributor of Creation Units for each Fund on an agency basis. The Distributor does not maintain a secondary market in shares of the Funds. The Distributors principal address is 1290 Broadway, Suite 1100, Denver, Colorado 80203. The Distributor has no role in determining the policies of any Fund or the securities that are purchased or sold by any Fund.
Information regarding how often shares of each Fund traded on the Listing Exchange at a price above (i.e., at a premium) or below (i.e., at a discount) the net asset value of the Fund during the past calendar year and most recent calendar quarter can be found at www.wisdomtree.com.
Shares of the Trust are not sponsored, endorsed, or promoted by any listing exchange (the Exchange). The Exchange makes no representation or warranty, express or implied, to the owners of the shares of any Fund. The Exchange is not responsible for, nor has it participated in, the determination of the timing of, prices of, or quantities of the shares of any Fund to be issued, nor in the determination or calculation of the equation by which the shares are redeemable. The Exchange has no obligation or liability to owners of the shares of any Fund in connection with the administration, marketing, or trading of the shares of the Fund. Without limiting any of the foregoing, in no event shall the Exchange have any liability for any lost profits or indirect, punitive, special, or consequential damages even if notified of the possibility thereof.
WisdomTree Investments, WisdomTree Asset Management and the Funds make no representation or warranty, express or implied, to the owners of shares of the Funds or any member of the public regarding the advisability of investing in securities generally or in the Funds particularly. WisdomTree Investments is the licensor of certain trademarks, service marks and trade names of the Funds.
The financial highlights table is intended to help you understand the Funds financial performance since inception. The total return in the table represents the rate that an investor would have earned (or lost) on an investment in each Fund (assuming reinvestment of all dividends and distributions). This information has been derived from the financial statements audited by Ernst & Young LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, whose report, along with the Funds financial statements, are included in the Funds Annual Report, which is available upon request.
24 | WisdomTree Trust Prospectus |
Financial Highlights
WisdomTree Alternative Funds
Selected data for a share of beneficial interest outstanding throughout the period is presented below:
WisdomTree Managed Futures Strategy Fund (consolidated) |
For the |
For the Period January 5, 2011* through August 31, 2011 |
||||||
Net asset value, beginning of period |
$ | 49.90 | $ | 50.18 | ||||
Investment operations: |
||||||||
Net investment loss1 |
(0.40 | ) | (0.27 | ) | ||||
Net realized and unrealized loss |
(7.25 | ) | (0.01 | ) | ||||
Total from investment operations |
(7.65 | ) | (0.28 | ) | ||||
Dividends and distributions to shareholders: |
||||||||
Capital gains |
(0.78 | ) | | |||||
Total dividends and distributions to shareholders |
(0.78 | ) | | |||||
Net asset value, end of period |
$ | 41.47 | $ | 49.90 | ||||
TOTAL RETURN2 |
(15.47 | )% | (0.56 | )% | ||||
RATIOS/SUPPLEMENTAL DATA: |
||||||||
Net assets, end of period (000s omitted) |
$ | 149,288 | $ | 229,553 | ||||
Ratios to average net assets of: |
||||||||
Net expenses |
0.95 | % | 0.95 | %3 | ||||
Net investment loss |
(0.91 | )% | (0.91 | )%3 | ||||
Portfolio turnover rate4 |
N/A5 | 0 | % | |||||
WisdomTree Global Real Return Fund (consolidated) | For the Year Ended August 31, 2012 |
For the Period July 14, 2011* through August 31, 2011 |
||||||
Net asset value, beginning of period |
$ | 50.66 | $ | 49.99 | ||||
Investment operations: |
||||||||
Net investment income1 |
0.79 | 0.05 | ||||||
Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) |
(2.10 | ) | 0.62 | |||||
Total from investment operations |
(1.31 | ) | 0.67 | |||||
Dividends and distributions to shareholders: |
||||||||
Net investment income |
(0.62 | ) | | |||||
Capital gains |
(0.05 | ) | | |||||
Total dividends and distributions to shareholders |
(0.67 | ) | | |||||
Net asset value, end of period |
$ | 48.68 | $ | 50.66 | ||||
TOTAL RETURN2 |
(2.54 | )% | 1.34 | % | ||||
RATIOS/SUPPLEMENTAL DATA: |
||||||||
Net assets, end of period (000s omitted) |
$ | 4,868 | $ | 5,066 | ||||
Ratios to average net assets of: |
||||||||
Net expenses |
0.60 | % | 0.60 | %3 | ||||
Net investment income |
1.65 | % | 0.68 | %3 | ||||
Portfolio turnover rate4 |
3 | % | 0 | %6 |
* | Commencement of investment operations. |
1 | Based on average shares outstanding. |
2 | Total return is calculated assuming an initial investment made at the net asset value at the beginning of the period, reinvestment of all dividends and distributions at net asset value during the period and redemption on the last day of the period. Total return calculated for a period of less than one year is not annualized. |
3 | Annualized. |
4 | Portfolio turnover rate is not annualized. |
5 | The Fund invested in short-term securities with maturities less than or equal to 365 days. SEC rules exclude such securities from portfolio turnover calculations. |
6 | Amount represents less than 1%. |
WisdomTree Trust Prospectus | 25 |
WisdomTree Trust
380 Madison Avenue, 21st Floor
New York, NY 10017
The Trusts current SAI provides additional detailed information about the Funds. The Trust has electronically filed the SAI with the SEC. It is incorporated by reference in this Prospectus.
Additional information about the Funds investments is available in the Funds annual and semi-annual reports to shareholders. In the annual report you will find a discussion of the market conditions and investment strategies that significantly affected the Funds performance during the last fiscal year.
To make shareholder inquiries, for more detailed information on the Funds or to request the SAI, annual or semi-annual shareholder reports free of charge, please:
Call: | 1-866-909-9473 Monday through Friday 8:00 a.m. 8:00 p.m. (Eastern time) |
Write: | WisdomTree Trust c/o ALPS Distributors, Inc. 1290 Broadway, Suite 1100 Denver, Colorado 80203 | |||
Visit: | www.wisdomtree.com |
Information about the Funds (including the SAI) can be reviewed and copied at the SECs Public Reference Room in Washington, D.C., and information on the operation of the Public Reference Room may be obtained by calling the SEC at 1-202-551-8090. Reports and other information about the Funds are available on the EDGAR Database on the SECs Internet site at www.sec.gov, and copies of this information may be obtained, after paying a duplicating fee, by electronic request at the following E-mail address: publicinfo@sec.gov, or by writing the SECs Public Reference Section, Washington, D.C. 20549-1520.
No person is authorized to give any information or to make any representations about any Fund and its shares not contained in this Prospectus and you should not rely on any other information. Read and keep this Prospectus for future reference.
©2013 WisdomTree Trust
WisdomTree Funds are distributed by
ALPS Distributors, Inc.
1290 Broadway, Suite 1100
Denver, Colorado 80203
WisdomTree is a registered mark of WisdomTree Investments, Inc.
INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT FILE NO. 811-21864 WIS-PR-013-0113
WISDOMTREE® TRUST
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
DATED JANUARY 1, 2013
This Statement of Additional Information (SAI) is not a Prospectus. It should be read in conjunction with the current Prospectus (Prospectus) for each of the following separate investment portfolios (each, a Fund and collectively, the Funds) of WisdomTree Trust (the Trust), as each such Prospectus may be revised from time to time:
WISDOMTREE ALTERNATIVE FUNDS
Managed Futures Strategy Fund | Ticker: WDTI | |
Global Real Return Fund | Ticker: RRF |
WISDOMTREE FIXED INCOME FUNDS
Asia Local Debt Fund | Ticker: ALD | |
Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund | Ticker: EMCB | |
Emerging Markets Local Debt Fund | Ticker: ELD | |
Australia & New Zealand Debt Fund | Ticker: AUNZ | |
Euro Debt Fund | Ticker: EU |
WISDOMTREE CURRENCY INCOME FUNDS
Brazilian Real Fund (Formerly, WisdomTree Dreyfus Brazilian Real Fund) |
Ticker: BZF | |
Chinese Yuan Fund (Formerly, WisdomTree Dreyfus Chinese Yuan Fund) |
Ticker: CYB | |
Indian Rupee Fund (Formerly, WisdomTree Dreyfus Indian Rupee Fund) |
Ticker: ICN | |
Commodity Currency Fund (Formerly, WisdomTree Dreyfus Commodity Currency Fund) |
Ticker: CCX | |
Emerging Currency Fund (Formerly, WisdomTree Dreyfus Emerging Currency Fund) |
Ticker: CEW |
Principal U.S. Listing Exchange: NYSE Arca, Inc. (NYSE Arca) , except EMCB is listed on NASDAQ.
The current Prospectus for each of the WisdomTree Fixed Income Funds and the WisdomTree Currency Income Funds is dated January 1, 2013, and the current Prospectus for each of the WisdomTree Alternative Funds is also dated January 1, 2013. Capitalized terms used herein that are not defined have the same meaning as in the Prospectus, unless otherwise noted. The Funds audited financial statements for the period ended August 31, 2012 are incorporated into this SAI by reference to the Funds most recent Annual Report to Shareholders (File No. 811-21864). You may obtain a copy of the Funds Annual Report at no charge by request to the Fund at the address or phone number noted below.
A copy of the Prospectus for each Fund may be obtained, without charge, by calling 1-866-909-9473 or visiting www.wisdomtree.com, or writing to WisdomTree Trust, c/o ALPS Distributors, Inc., 1290 Broadway, Suite 1100, Denver, Colorado 80203.
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GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE TRUST AND THE FUNDS
The Trust was organized as a Delaware statutory trust on December 15, 2005 and is authorized to issue multiple series or portfolios. The Trust is an open-end management investment company, registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the 1940 Act). The offering of the Trusts shares is registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the Securities Act).
WisdomTree Asset Management, Inc. (WisdomTree Asset Management or the Adviser) serves as the investment adviser to each Fund. Mellon Capital Management Corporation (Mellon Capital) serves as the investment sub-adviser to each Fund, except the Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund. Western Asset Management Company (Western Asset Management), Western Asset Management Company Limited (Western Asset London) and Western Asset Management Company Pte. Ltd. in Singapore (Western Asset Singapore and together with Western Asset Management and Western Asset London, Western Asset) serve as the investment sub-advisers to the Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund. Mellon Capital and Western Asset may each be referred to throughout this SAI as a Sub-Adviser and together, as the Sub-Advisers. ALPS Distributors, Inc. (Distributor) is the distributor of the shares of each Fund.
The Funds are actively managed exchange traded funds (ETFs). Each Fund issues and redeems shares at net asset value per share (NAV) only in large blocks of shares (Creation Units). Currently, Creation Units generally consist of 100,000 shares for each Fund (except for the Brazilian Real Fund and Chinese Yuan Fund whose Creation Units generally consist of 200,000 shares), though this may change from time to time. Creation Units are not expected to consist of less than 50,000 shares. These transactions are usually in exchange for a basket of securities and an amount of cash. As a practical matter, only institutions or large investors purchase or redeem Creation Units. Except when aggregated in Creation Units, shares of each Fund are not redeemable securities.
Shares of each Fund are listed on a national securities exchange, such as the NYSE Arca, Inc., except shares of the Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund are listed on NASDAQ (each, a Listing Exchange), and trade throughout the day on the Listing Exchange and other secondary markets at market prices that may differ from NAV. As in the case of other publicly traded securities, brokers commissions on transactions will be based on negotiated commission rates at customary levels.
The Trust reserves the right to adjust the prices of shares in the future to maintain convenient trading ranges for investors. Any adjustments would be accomplished through stock splits or reverse stock splits, which would have no effect on the net assets of the applicable Fund.
The Managed Futures Strategy Fund and the Global Real Return Fund may sometimes be referred to together as the Alternative Funds. The Asia Local Debt Fund, Australia & New Zealand Debt Fund, Emerging Markets Local Debt Fund, Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund, and Euro Debt Fund may sometimes be referred to together as the Fixed Income Funds. The Brazilian Real Fund, Chinese Yuan Fund, Commodity Currency Fund, Emerging Currency Fund, and Indian Rupee Fund may sometimes be referred to together as the Currency Funds.
WisdomTree is a registered mark of WisdomTree Investments, Inc. and has been licensed for use by the Trust.
INVESTMENT STRATEGIES AND RISKS
The investment objectives and general investment policies of each Fund are described in each Funds Prospectus. Additional information concerning the Funds is set forth below. Portfolio turnover rates for each Fund are disclosed in each Funds Prospectus. There has been no significant variation in the portfolio turnover rates of any Fund over the two fiscal years ended August 31, 2011 and August 31, 2012. The Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund commenced operations on March 8, 2012 and therefore has less than one fiscal year of portfolio turnover information.
PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGIES
Alternative Funds
Managed Futures Strategy Fund
The Fund seeks to achieve positive total returns in rising or falling markets that are not directly correlated to broad market equity or fixed income returns. The Fund is managed using a quantitative, rules-based strategy designed to provide returns that correspond to the performance of the Diversified Trends Indicator (the Benchmark). The Benchmark is a widely used indicator designed to capture the economic benefit derived from rising or declining price trends in the markets for commodity, currency and U.S. Treasury futures.
As a matter of general policy, the Fund will invest under normal circumstances at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in managed futures. For these purposes, managed futures are investments in commodity and currency-linked instruments, as well as U.S. government securities and money market instruments, that taken together have economic characteristics similar or equivalent to those of the listed commodity, currency and financial futures contracts described in the Prospectus. If, subsequent to an investment, the 80% requirement is no longer met, the Funds future investments will be made in a manner that will bring the Fund into compliance with this policy. The Trust will provide shareholders with sixty (60) days prior notice of any change to this policy for the Fund.
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The Fund seeks to gain exposure to commodity markets, in whole or in part, through investments in a subsidiary organized in the Cayman Islands (the WisdomTree Managed Futures Strategy Subsidiary). The WisdomTree Managed Futures Strategy Subsidiary is wholly-owned and controlled by the Fund. The Funds investment in the WisdomTree Managed Futures Strategy Subsidiary may not exceed 25% of the Funds total assets at each quarter-end of the Funds fiscal year. The Funds investment in the WisdomTree Managed Futures Strategy Subsidiary is intended to provide the Fund with exposure to commodity returns within the limits of the federal tax requirements applicable to regulated investment companies, such as the Fund. Unlike the Fund, the WisdomTree Managed Futures Strategy Subsidiary is not an investment company registered under the 1940 Act, and therefore may invest in commodities and commodity-linked derivatives to a greater extent than the Fund. The WisdomTree Managed Futures Strategy Subsidiary, however, is required under its private letter ruling to invest in commodity-linked derivatives in a manner consistent with the limitations in Section 18(f) of the 1940 Act. Section 18(f) of the 1940 Act and related Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) guidance limit the amount of leverage an investment company, and in this case the WisdomTree Managed Futures Strategy Subsidiary, can obtain. The WisdomTree Managed Futures Strategy Subsidiary is otherwise subject to the same general investment policies and investment restrictions as the Fund. Except as noted, references to the investment strategies of the Fund include the investment strategies of the WisdomTree Managed Futures Strategy Subsidiary. The WisdomTree Managed Futures Strategy Subsidiary is advised by WisdomTree Asset Management and sub-advised by Mellon Capital.
Additional Description of the Benchmark. The Benchmark is a rules-based indicator designed to capture rising and falling price trends in the commodity, currency and U.S. Treasury markets through long and short positions on U.S. listed futures contracts. The Benchmark consists of U.S. listed futures contracts on 16 tangible commodities and eight financial futures. The 16 commodity futures contracts are: light crude oil, natural gas, RBOB gas, heating oil, soybeans, corn, wheat, gold, silver, copper, live cattle, lean hogs, coffee, cocoa, cotton and sugar. The eight financial futures contracts are: the Australian dollar, British pound, Canadian dollar, euro, Japanese yen, Swiss franc, U.S. Treasury notes and U.S. Treasury bonds. Each contract is sometimes referred to as a Component of the Benchmark.
Components that are similar in nature (such as gold and silver) are aggregated into Sectors. There are ten commodity Sectors in the Benchmark: Energy, Grains, Precious Metals, Industrial Metals, Livestock, Natural Gas, Coffee, Cocoa, Cotton, and Sugar. Each financial futures contract is considered to be its own Sector. As a result, there are eight financial Sectors in the Benchmark: the Australian dollar, British pound, Canadian dollar, euro, Japanese yen, Swiss franc, U.S. Treasury notes and U.S. Treasury bonds.
In order to capture both rising and falling price trends, each Sector in the Benchmark (other than the Energy Sector) is positioned as either long or short (the Energy Sector is positioned as either long or flat (i.e., no exposure)). This determination is made on a monthly basis using an algorithm that compares the Sectors monthly return to the Sectors recent weighted moving average returns. If the Sectors returns are above its moving average returns, the Sector is positioned as long throughout the following month. If the Sectors returns are below its moving average returns, the Sector is positioned as short throughout the following month (with the sole exception of the Energy Sector, which would be positioned as flat). All Components within a Sector are held in the same direction. The value of a Sector and the value of the Benchmark should increase if a long position increases in value or if a short position decreases in value. For example, if a Sector is long in the Benchmark and the value of its Components goes up intra-month, the return of the Sector (and therefore the Benchmark) should increase. If a Sector is short in the Benchmark, and the value of its Components goes down intra-month, the return of the Sector (and therefore the Benchmark) should increase.
The Energy Sector and its Components may never be positioned short within the Benchmark. The Benchmarks methodology provides that, due to significant levels of continuous consumption, limited reserves and other factors, the Energy Sector can only be long or flat (i.e., no exposure) within the Benchmark. If the Energy Sector is flat then the weighting of the other Sectors and Components within the Benchmark is increased on a pro rata basis. As a result, when the Energy Sector is flat, financial futures will represent approximately 60% of the weight of the Benchmark and commodities will represent approximately 40% of the weight of the Benchmark. When the Energy Sector is long, financial futures and commodity futures each represent 50% of the weight of the Benchmark.
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The Benchmark is weighted in one of two ways on a monthly basis. If the Energy Sector is long, the Benchmark is weighted evenly (i.e., 50/50) between commodity futures contracts and financial futures contracts. If the Energy Sector is flat, financial futures represent approximately 60% of the weight of the Benchmark and commodity futures represent approximately 40% of the Benchmark. At the beginning of each year, each Component and Sector has a Base Weight depending on whether the Energy Sector is long or flat. If the Energy Sector is flat, then the Base Weight of the other Sectors and Components within the Benchmark is increased on a pro rata basis. Commodity Sector weights are based on, but not exactly proportional to, historical world production levels. Commodity Sectors that have higher historical production levels are weighted higher in the Benchmark. Weightings of the financial futures Sectors are based on, but not directly proportional to, historical gross domestic product (GDP). Larger economic regions (i.e., Europe as measured by the euro) should get a higher weighting than smaller regions (i.e., Australia as measured by the Australian dollar).1
The weight of each Component and Sector in the Benchmark changes throughout each month based upon performance. At the end of each month, each Sector is reset back to its applicable Base Weight depending on whether the Energy Sector is long or flat. Within Sectors that have multiple Components, the weight of each Component relative to the others is allowed to fluctuate throughout the year and Component weights are reset back to their respective Base Weights only at year-end.
Global Real Return Fund
The Fund seeks total returns (capital appreciation plus income) that exceed the rate of inflation over long-term investment horizons. The Fund seeks to provide protection against inflation and to generate income. Inflation is defined as an increase in the general price level of goods and services over time. The Fund invests in a combination of inflation-linked securities and debt instruments from issuers in the United States, developed markets and emerging markets throughout the world. The Fund has targeted exposure to commodities, such as gold, and employs commodity strategies structured to provide returns that exceed inflation rates. The Fund is managed using a structured investment approach that considers, among other things, country and currency exposure, sector allocation, investment exposure and risk.
Investments in Inflation-Linked Bonds and Other Instruments. As noted above, the Fund invests in fixed income securities and other instruments linked to inflation rates in the U.S. and in developed and emerging market countries throughout the world. The Funds U.S. investments are focused on inflation-protected securities, such as U.S. Treasury Inflation Protected Securities (TIPS), and floating-rate securities. Outside the United States, the Fund seeks broad-based exposure to both developed and emerging economies. The Fund focuses its investments outside the U.S. in countries that are leading exporters of commodities, such as Australia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Mexico, and South Africa. In order to provide broad-based exposure across developed and emerging markets, the Fund also invests in issuers from countries such as France, Germany, Italy, Israel, Korea, Poland, Sweden, Turkey and the United Kingdom. This list may change from time to time based on market and other conditions. Country, sector and issuer exposure and risk are reviewed on an ongoing basis and the Funds portfolio is rebalanced quarterly. The Funds exposure to any single non-U.S. currency generally is limited to 10% of the Funds assets.
The Fund intends to focus its investments in inflation-linked bonds and other debt instruments issued by governments, government agencies and instrumentalities, government-sponsored enterprises and supranational organizations. For these purposes, supranational organizations include entities such as the European Investment Bank, International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, International Finance Corporation, and other regional development banks. The Fund may also invest up to 20% in debt securities issued by corporations. Inflation-linked bonds are structured to provide protection against inflation by preserving purchasing power. In a typical inflation-linked bond, the principal amount of the bond and the cash flow generated by the bond (i.e., interest) is adjusted upward in response to increases in inflation rates. The U.S. Consumer Price Index, or CPI, is a commonly used measure of U.S. inflation rates. Bonds tied to inflation rates outside the U.S. generally are linked to regional or country measures comparable to the CPI that measure inflation rates in non-U.S. markets. As inflation rises, upward adjustments to the principal amount or income paid on the bond increase the value of the bond and help preserve purchasing power in response to inflation. Conversely, some types of inflation-linked bonds may be adjusted downward in response to deflation (i.e., a decrease in the prices of goods and services over time).
The Fund may invest in floating- and variable-rate bonds. Floating- and variable-rate bonds are bonds that have a variable payment feature tied to a reference rate, such as the federal funds rate or the London Interbank Offering Rate (LIBOR). Floating- and variable-rate bonds generally are less sensitive to interest rate increases because when market rates rise, the payments made by such bonds increase. Conversely, a decrease in market interest rates will adversely affect the income received from such securities and may cause the value of such bonds to decrease.
1 | The Sector (and Component) Base Weights in the Benchmark when the Energy Sector is long are as follows: Energy 14.50% (light crude 8.50%, RBOB 3.0%, heating oil 3.0%); Grains 11.50% (soybeans 5.0%, corn 4.0%, wheat 2.50%); Precious Metals 5.25% (Gold 3.50%, Silver 1.75%); Industrial Metals 5.0% (copper 5.0%); Livestock 5.0% (live cattle 3.0%, lean hogs 2.0%); Natural Gas 4.25%; Coffee 1.5%; Cocoa 1.0%; Cotton 1.0%; Sugar 1.0%; euro 13.0%; Japanese yen 12.0%; U.S. Treasury Note 7.50%; U.S. Treasury Bond 7.50%; British pound 5.0%, Swiss franc 2.0%; Australian dollar 2.0%; and Canadian dollar 1.0%. The Sector (and Component) Base Weights in the Benchmark when the Energy Sector is flat are as follows: Energy 0% (light crude 0%, RBOB 0%, heating oil 0%); Grains 13.45% (soybeans 5.85%, corn 4.68%, wheat 2.92%); Precious Metals 6.14% (gold 4.09%, silver 2.05%); Industrial Metals 5.85% (copper 5.85%); Livestock 5.85% (live cattle 3.51%, lean hogs 2.34%); Natural Gas 4.97%; Coffee 1.75%; Cocoa 1.17%; Cotton 1.17%; Sugar 1.17%; euro 15.20%; Japanese yen 14.04%; U.S. Treasury Note 8.77%; U.S. Treasury Bond 8.77%; British pound 5.85%; Swiss franc 2.34%; Australian dollar 2.34%; and Canadian dollar 1.17%. |
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The Fund may invest in derivatives, such as swaps, forward currency contracts and futures contracts designed to provide protection from changes in inflation rates. A total return swap is an agreement between two parties to exchange payments at a future date based on the return of a reference asset, such as a bond or equity index. An inflation-linked swap is an agreement between two parties to exchange payments at a future date based on the difference between a fixed payment and a payment linked to an inflation rate or value at a future date. An interest rate swap is a transaction in which two parties typically exchange payments based on the difference between a floating interest rate payment and a fixed interest rate payment. A cross-currency swap is an agreement to exchange one currency for another at a future date. A forward currency contract is an agreement to buy or sell a specific currency at a future date at a price set at the time of the contract. A futures contract is a standardized contract traded on a recognized exchange in which two parties agree to exchange either a specified financial asset or the cash equivalent of said asset of standardized quantity and quality for a price agreed today (the futures price or the strike price) with delivery occurring at a specified future date. The Fund may also enter into repurchase agreements with counterparties that are deemed to present acceptable credit risks. A repurchase agreement is a transaction in which the Fund purchases securities or other obligations from a bank or securities dealer (or its affiliate) and simultaneously commits to resell them to a counterparty at an agreed-upon date or upon demand and at a price reflecting a market rate of interest unrelated to the coupon rate or maturity of the purchased obligations.
The average duration of the fixed income portion of the Funds portfolio will vary based on economic fundamentals and market conditions. During most scenarios, fixed income portfolio duration will not exceed 10 years. Duration is an important indication of the Funds sensitivity to changes in interest rates. Funds with higher durations generally are subject to greater interest rate risk. For example, the value of a fund with a portfolio duration of ten years would be expected to drop by 10% for every 1% increase in interest rates. While the Fund intends to invest a relatively large percentage of its assets in investment grade securities, the Fund also may invest in non-investment grade securities. Securities rated investment grade generally are considered to be of higher credit quality and subject to lower default risk. Although securities rated below investment grade may offer the potential for higher yields, they generally are subject to higher potential risk of loss.
While inflation-linked securities offer protection against inflation, they are sensitive to changes in real interest rates. Real interest rates are interest rates that have been adjusted to remove the cost of inflation. Protracted increases in real interest rates would likely have a negative impact on the value of inflation-linked securities and the value of the Fund. The Fund may purchase or sell futures contracts on U.S. Treasury securities or other U.S. government or non-U.S. government (state, territory or local) obligations to help minimize this risk.
The Fund may invest a portion of its assets in fixed income securities that are not linked to inflation, such as U.S. government obligations. The Fund also may invest in money market instruments (including repurchase agreements) with remaining maturities of one year or less, as well as cash and cash equivalents. A repurchase agreement is a transaction where a party purchases securities and simultaneously commits to resell them at an agreed-upon date at a price reflecting a market rate of interest unrelated to the coupon rate or maturity of the securities.
Investments in Commodities. The Fund intends to have targeted exposure to commodities and commodity strategies. The commodity exposure is diversified across a number of sectors (such as gold and other precious metals, energy, industrial metals, livestock, and agriculture) utilizing systematic, rules-based strategies. Within these strategies, the Fund may take or gain exposure to long or short positions in commodities and related investments. To be long means to hold or be exposed to a commodity or instrument with the expectation that its value will increase over time. To be short means to sell or be exposed to a commodity or instrument with the expectation that it will fall in value. The Fund will benefit if it has a long position in a commodity or instrument that increases in value or a short position in a commodity or instrument that decreases in value. Conversely, the Fund will be adversely impacted if it holds a long position in a commodity or instrument that declines in value and a short position in a commodity or instrument that increases in value.
The Fund seeks to gain exposure to commodity markets, in whole or in part, through investments in a subsidiary organized in the Cayman Islands (the WisdomTree Global Real Return Subsidiary). The WisdomTree Global Real Return Subsidiary is wholly-owned and controlled by the Fund. The Funds investment in the WisdomTree Global Real Return Subsidiary may not exceed 25% of the Funds total assets at each quarter-end of the Funds fiscal year. The Funds investment in the WisdomTree Global Real Return Subsidiary is intended to provide the Fund with exposure to commodity returns within the limits of the federal tax requirements applicable to regulated investment companies, such as the Fund. Unlike the Fund, the WisdomTree Global Real Return Subsidiary is not an investment company registered under the 1940 Act, and therefore may invest in commodities and commodity-linked derivatives to a greater extent than the Fund. The WisdomTree Global Real Return Subsidiary, however, is required under its private letter ruling to invest in commodity-linked derivatives in a manner consistent with the limitations in Section 18(f) of the 1940 Act. Section 18(f) of the 1940 Act and related SEC guidance limit the amount of leverage an investment company, and in this case the WisdomTree Global Real Return Subsidiary, can obtain. The WisdomTree Global Real Return Subsidiary is otherwise subject to the same general investment policies and investment restrictions as the Fund. The WisdomTree Global Real Return Subsidiary intends to achieve exposure to commodities through investment in a combination of listed commodity futures, commodity index swaps and structured notes that provide commodity returns. A listed commodity future is a financial instrument in which a party agrees to pay a fixed price for a designated commodity at a specified future date. Listed commodity futures are traded at market prices on exchanges pursuant to terms common to all market participants. A commodity index swap is an agreement between two parties to exchange cash flows or returns (or differences in return) on a commodity index. A structured note is a debt instrument in which the return is tied to a reference asset or rate, such as a commodity or commodity index. Except as noted, references to the investment strategies and risks of the Fund include the investment strategies and risks of the WisdomTree Global Real Return Subsidiary.
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Other Investments. The Fund generally will not invest more than 30% of the value of its assets in or through derivative instruments. The Fund will not invest more than 35% of its assets in bonds, notes or other debt obligations, such as government or corporate bonds, denominated in U.S. or non-U.S. currencies of issuers in emerging markets. Under normal market conditions, the Fund generally will not invest more than 20% of its assets in corporate bonds (or derivatives based on such bonds). The Fund will invest only in corporate bonds that the Adviser or Sub-Adviser deems to be sufficiently liquid. The Funds investment in corporate bonds generally will be limited to bonds with $200 million or more par value outstanding and a significant volume traded (as determined by the Fund). The Fund may invest up to 5% of its assets in corporate bonds with less than $200 million par amount outstanding only if such bonds are sufficiently liquid (as determined by the Fund).
Fixed Income Funds
Asia Local Debt Fund
The Fund seeks to achieve a high level of total return consisting of both income and capital appreciation. The Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective through investment in Local Debt denominated in the currencies of a broad range of Asian countries. Under normal circumstances, the Fund will invest at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in Local Debt. For these purposes, Local Debt includes fixed income securities, such as bonds, notes or other debt obligations, denominated in local currencies of countries in Asia, as well as certain derivatives and other instruments described herein.
The Fund intends to focus its investments on bonds and other debt instruments issued by governments (national, state, and local), government agencies and instrumentalities, and government sponsored enterprises. The Fund also may invest in Local Debt issued by supranational organizations such as the European Investment Bank, Asian Development Bank, International Bank for Reconstruction and Development or International Finance Corporation, and development agencies supported by other national governments. The Fund may invest in corporate bonds economically tied to Asian countries. The Fund also may invest in inflation-linked fixed income securities denominated in Asian currencies.
The Fund intends to provide exposure to the developing/emerging market economies in Asia. Specifically, the Fund intends to invest in Local Debt primarily from China, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, and Vietnam. The Fund is permitted to invest in developed market economies, such as Australia and New Zealand. This list may change based on market developments. The Fund uses a structured investment approach that analyzes multiple factors. Countries are grouped into differentiated tiers based on an analysis of these factors. Subject to the Funds general investment requirement to provide broad country exposure within the region, the Fund generally invests a higher percentage of its assets in countries that have larger and more liquid debt markets and that the Funds adviser believes are pursuing sustainable fiscal and monetary policies in light of economic and market conditions. The country exposures are consistently monitored from a risk perspective and may be modified, reduced or eliminated. The Funds exposure to any single country generally will be limited to 20% of the Funds assets. The percentage of Fund assets invested in a specific region, country or issuer will change from time to time.
The universe of Local Debt currently includes securities that are rated investment grade as well as non-investment grade. The Fund intends to provide a broad-based exposure to Local Debt and therefore will invest in both investment grade and non-investment grade securities. Securities rated investment grade generally are considered to be of higher credit quality and subject to lower default risk. Although securities rated below investment grade may offer the potential for higher yields, they are considered speculative and generally are subject to higher potential risk of loss. The Fund expects that it will have 75% or more of its assets invested in investment grade securities, and no more than 25% of its assets invested in non-investment grade securities. The Fund will limit its exposure to speculative issuers and securities to no more than 15% of its assets. For these purposes, speculative securities are securities rated B or below by Moodys, or equivalently rated by S&P or Fitch, or, if unrated, determined by WisdomTree Asset Management to be of comparable quality. However, this may change from time to time based on market conditions and the condition of specific issuers and securities.
The Fund attempts to limit interest rate risk by maintaining an aggregate portfolio duration of between two and eight years under normal market conditions. Aggregate portfolio duration is important to investors as an indication of the Funds sensitivity to changes in interest rates. Funds with higher durations generally are subject to greater interest rate risk. For example, the value of a fund with a portfolio duration of ten years would be expected to drop by 10% for every 1% increase in interest rates. The Funds actual portfolio duration may be longer or shorter depending on market conditions. The Fund may also invest in short-term money market securities denominated in the currencies of countries in which the Fund invests.
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The Fund may invest up to 30% of its net assets in derivatives such as forward currency contracts, interest rate swaps, inflation-linked swaps, total return swaps and credit-linked notes. The Funds use of forward contracts and swaps will be underpinned by investments in cash or other liquid assets (typically short-term, high-quality U.S. money market securities) and is designed to provide exposure similar to investments in local currency debt. The Fund also may enter into repurchase agreements designed to result in a fixed rate of return for the Fund insulated from market fluctuations during the holding period. The Fund will enter into repurchase agreements with counterparties that are deemed to present acceptable credit risks. The Fund does not use derivatives to enhance leverage. The Fund may invest in interest rate and other futures contracts listed for trading on exchanges in Asia. Assets not invested in Local Debt generally will be invested in U.S. government securities and investment grade money market instruments. The Fund may invest up to 20% of its assets in debt instruments denominated in U.S. dollars issued by Asian governments and government sponsored enterprises.
The decision to secure exposure through direct investment in bonds or indirectly through derivative transactions will be a function of, among other things, market accessibility, credit exposure, tax ramifications and regulatory requirements applicable to U.S. investment companies. If, subsequent to an investment, the 80% requirement is no longer met, the Funds future investments will be made in a manner that will bring the Fund into compliance with this policy. The Trust will provide shareholders with sixty (60) days prior notice of any change to this policy for the Fund.
The Fund generally will not invest more than 20% of its assets in debt instruments denominated in U.S. dollars. Under normal market conditions, the Fund generally will not invest more than 20% of its assets in corporate bonds (or derivatives based on such bonds). The Fund will invest only in corporate bonds that the Adviser or Sub-Adviser deems to be sufficiently liquid. The Funds investment in corporate bonds generally will be limited to bonds with $200 million or more par value outstanding and a significant volume traded (as determined by the Fund). The Fund may invest up to 5% of its assets in corporate bonds with less than $200 million par amount outstanding only if such bonds are sufficiently liquid (as determined by the Fund).
Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund
The Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund seeks a high level of total return consisting of both income and capital appreciation.The Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective through investment in debt securities issued by corporate entities that are domiciled in, or economically tied to, emerging market countries. The issuers of such debt will include public, private, and state-owned or sponsored corporations. Under normal circumstances, the Fund will invest at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in Corporate Debt. For these purposes, Corporate Debt includes fixed income securities, such as bonds, notes, money market securities and other debt obligations (such as loan participation notes) of emerging market issuers. Corporate Debt does not include derivatives.
The Fund intends to focus its investment on Corporate Debt issued in U.S. dollars. The Fund also may invest in Corporate Debt denominated in the local currency of emerging market countries. Non-U.S. dollar denominated debt is sometimes referred to as local debt. Local debt provides exposure to changes in the value of such non-U.S. currencies against the U.S. dollar. Corporate Debt includes debt securities issued by supranational organizations, such as the European Investment Bank, International Bank for Reconstruction and Development or International Finance Corporation, or other regional development banks. The Fund may invest to a limited extent in debt securities of emerging market governments (also known as sovereign debt) and debt securities linked to inflation rates in emerging market countries.
The Fund intends to provide exposure across several geographic regions and countries. In general, emerging market countries are characterized by developing commercial and financial infrastructure with significant potential for economic growth and increased capital market participation by foreign investors. The Adviser and Sub-Adviser look at a variety of commonly used factors when determining whether a country is an emerging market. In general, for investing in corporate debentures, the Adviser and Sub-Adviser consider a country to be an emerging market if:
(1) | it is either (a) classified by the World Bank in the lower middle or upper middle income designation for one of the past 5 years (i.e., per capita gross national product of less than U.S. $9,385), (b) has not been a member of OECD for the past five years, or (c) classified by the World Bank as high income and a member in OECD in each of the last five years, but with a currency that has been primarily traded on a non-delivered basis by offshore investors (e.g., Korea and Taiwan); and |
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(2) | the countrys debt market is considered relatively accessible by foreign investors in terms of capital flow and settlement considerations. |
The criteria used to evaluate whether a country is an emerging market will change from time to time based on economic and other events.
The Fund intends to provide exposure to Corporate Debt from the following regions: Asia, Latin America, Eastern Europe, Africa and the Middle East. Within these regions, the Fund is likely to invest in countries such as: Argentina, Bahrain, Barbados, Brazil, Chile, China, Colombia, Croatia, Czech Republic, Dominican Republic, Egypt, El Salvador, Hong Kong, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Israel, Jamaica, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Macau, Malaysia, Mexico, Mongolia, Nigeria, Oman, Peru, the Philippines, Poland, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, Ukraine, the United Arab Emirates, and Venezuela. This list may change based on market developments. The Fund employs a structured investment approach that utilizes top down analysis of macroeconomic factors and bottom up analysis of emerging market countries and issuers. The Funds credit exposures are consistently monitored from a risk perspective and may be modified, reduced or eliminated. The Funds exposure to any single issuer generally will be limited to 10% of the Funds net assets. The Funds exposure to any single country generally will be limited to 30% of the Funds net assets. The percentage of Fund assets invested in a specific region, country or issuer will change from time to time.
The universe of emerging market Corporate Debt currently includes securities that are rated investment grade as well as non-investment grade. The Fund intends to provide a broad-based exposure to emerging market Corporate Debt and, therefore, will invest in both investment grade and non-investment grade securities. The degree of credit risk for a particular security may be reflected in its credit rating. Investment grade debt securities are generally those rated Baa or higher by Moodys, or equivalently rated by S&P or Fitch, and typically subject to less credit risk than non-investment grade debt securities. The Fund generally expects to have 65% or more of its net assets invested in investment grade securities and not more than 35% of its net assets invested in non-investment grade securities. This may change from time to time based on market conditions and the condition of specific issuers and securities. Within the non-investment grade category, some issuers and instruments are considered to be of lower credit quality and at higher risk of default (commonly referred to as junk bonds). Although these instruments offer the potential for higher yields, they are considered speculative and generally are subject to a higher potential risk of loss. For these purposes, speculative securities are securities rated B or below by Moodys, or equivalently rated by S&P or Fitch, or if unrated, determined by WisdomTree Asset Management to be of comparable quality. The Fund will limit its exposure to speculative issuers and securities to no more than 15% of its net assets.
The Fund attempts to limit interest rate risk by maintaining an aggregate portfolio duration of between two and ten years under normal market conditions. Aggregate portfolio duration is important to investors as an indication of the Funds sensitivity to changes in interest rates. Funds with higher durations generally are subject to greater interest rate risk. For example, the value of a fund with a portfolio duration of ten years would be expected to drop by 10% for every 1% increase in interest rates. The Funds actual portfolio duration may be longer or shorter depending upon market conditions. The Fund may also invest in short-term money market securities denominated in U.S. dollars or the currencies of countries in which the Fund invests.
The Fund may invest up to 20% of its net assets in derivatives, such as swaps and forward currency contracts. A swap is an agreement between two parties to exchange payments based on a reference asset, which may be a currency or interest rate but also may be a single asset, a pool of assets or an index of assets. The Fund may invest in a variety of swap agreements, including, for example, credit default swaps and total return swaps. The Fund may also invest in credit-linked notes. A credit default swap is an agreement between two parties in which one party makes a series of payments to the other party and, in exchange, receives a payoff in the event the loan defaults. A total return swap is an agreement between two parties in which one party pays a set rate in exchange for the total return of an underlying reference, typically an equity index, loans or bonds. A forward currency contract is an agreement to buy or sell a specific currency at a future date at a price set at the time of the contract. A credit-linked note is a type of structured note whose value is linked to an underlying reference asset or entity. Credit-linked notes typically provide periodic payments of interest as well as payment of principal upon maturity. The Funds use of derivatives will be underpinned by investments in cash or other liquid assets (typically short-term, high-quality money market securities). The Fund also may enter into repurchase agreements with counterparties that are deemed to present acceptable credit risks. A repurchase agreement is a transaction in which the Fund purchases securities or other obligations from a bank or securities dealer and simultaneously agrees to resell them to a counterparty at an agreed-upon date or upon demand and at a price reflecting a market rate of interest unrelated to the coupon rate or maturity of the purchased obligations.
The Fund may invest in loan participation notes. A loan participation note is a type of short-term debt instrument. They typically are issued by an offshore special purpose vehicle for the purpose of funding a loan by the special purpose vehicle to an offshore corporation or other entity. Loan participation notes are sometimes used by companies in non-U.S. markets to raise money because tax regulations or other laws make it difficult or expensive for such companies to issue debt directly into the global bond market. If the company fails to repay the loan received from the special purpose vehicle, the special purpose vehicle generally will not be able to honor its obligation to repay the notes.
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The Fund must invest at least 80% of its net assets directly in Corporate Debt. The decision to secure exposure through direct investment in Corporate Debt or indirectly through derivative transactions will be a function of, among other things, market accessibility, credit exposure, tax ramifications and regulatory requirements applicable to U.S. investment companies. If, subsequent to an investment, the Funds 80% requirement is no longer met, the Funds future investments will be made in a manner that will bring the Fund into compliance with this policy. The Trust will provide shareholders with sixty (60) days prior notice of any change to this policy for the Fund. In addition, under normal circumstances, the Fund will invest at least 80% of its assets in Corporate Debt.
The Fund will not invest more than 20% of the value of its assets in or through derivative transactions. The Fund will invest only in corporate bonds (including loan participation notes) that the Adviser or Sub-Adviser deems to be sufficiently liquid. The Funds investment in corporate bonds generally will be limited to bonds with $200 million or more par value outstanding and a significant volume traded (as determined by the Adviser or Sub-Adviser). The Fund may invest up to 5% of its assets in corporate bonds with less than $200 million par amount outstanding only if such bonds are sufficiently liquid (as determined by the Adviser or Sub-Adviser). Under normal circumstances, the Fund may invest up to 25% of its net assets in money market securities for investment purposes (generally short-term, high quality obligations issued by U.S. or non-U.S. governments, agencies or instrumentalities), although it may exceed this amount where the Adviser or Sub-Adviser deems such investment necessary or advisable due to market conditions. In addition, the Fund may hold money market securities as collateral for derivative or other instruments.
Emerging Markets Local Debt Fund
The Emerging Markets Local Debt Fund seeks to achieve a high level of total return consisting of both income and capital appreciation. The Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective through investment in Local Debt denominated in the local currencies of emerging market countries. Under normal circumstances, the Fund will invest at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in Local Debt. For these purposes, Local Debt includes fixed income securities, such as bonds, notes or other debt obligations denominated in local currencies of emerging market countries, as well as certain derivatives and other instruments described herein.
The Fund is designed to provide exposure to Local Debt of issuers from a broad range of emerging market regions and countries. The Fund intends to focus its investment on fixed income securities issued by emerging market governments, government agencies, and corporations. The Fund also may invest in fixed income securities denominated in an emerging market currency and issued by supranational organizations, such as the European Investment Bank, International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, International Finance Corporation, or other regional development banks. The Fund may invest in debt securities linked to inflation rates outside the U.S., including securities or instruments linked to rates in emerging market countries.
The Fund intends to provide exposure across several geographic regions and countries. In general, emerging market countries are characterized by developing commercial and financial infrastructure with significant potential for economic growth and increased capital market participation by foreign investors. The Adviser and Sub-Adviser look at a variety of commonly used factors when determining whether a country is an emerging market. In general, the Adviser and Sub-Adviser consider a country to be an emerging market if:
(1) | it is either (a) classified by the World Bank in the lower middle or upper middle income designation for one of the past 3 years (i.e., per capita gross national product of less than U.S. $9,385), or (b) classified by the World Bank as high income in each of the last three years, but with a currency that has been primarily traded on a non-delivered basis by offshore investors (e.g., Korea and Taiwan); |
(2) | the countrys debt market is considered relatively accessible by foreign investors in terms of capital flow and settlement considerations; and |
(3) | the country has issued the equivalent of $5 billion in local currency sovereign debt. |
The criteria used to evaluate whether a country is an emerging market will change from time to time based on economic and other events.
The Fund intends to invest in Local Debt from the following regions: Asia, Latin America, Europe, the Middle East and Africa. Within these regions, the Fund is likely to invest in countries such as: Brazil, Chile, China, Colombia, Czech Republic, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Mexico, Nigeria, Peru, the Philippines, Poland, Russia, South Africa, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand and Turkey. This list may change based on market developments. The Fund uses a structured investment approach that analyzes multiple factors. Countries are grouped into differentiated tiers based on an analysis of these factors. Subject to the Funds general investment requirement to provide broad regional and country exposure, the Fund generally invests a higher percentage of its assets in countries that have larger and more liquid debt markets and that the Adviser believes are pursuing sustainable fiscal and monetary policies in light of economic and market conditions. The country exposures are consistently monitored from a risk perspective and may be modified, reduced or eliminated. The Funds exposure to any single country generally will be limited to 20% of the Funds net assets. The percentage of Fund assets invested in a specific region, country or issuer will change from time to time.
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The universe of emerging markets local currency debt currently includes securities that are rated investment grade as well as non-investment grade. The Fund intends to provide a broad-based exposure to emerging market debt and therefore will invest in both investment grade and non-investment grade securities. Securities rated investment grade generally are considered to be of higher credit quality and subject to lower default risk. Although securities rated below investment grade may offer the potential for higher yields, they are considered speculative and generally are subject to higher potential risk of loss. The Fund generally does not expect to have more than 25% of its net assets invested in non-investment grade securities. The Fund will limit its exposure to speculative issuers and securities to no more than 15% of its assets. For these purposes, speculative securities are securities rated B or below by Moodys, or equivalently rated by S&P or Fitch, or, if unrated, determined by WisdomTree Asset Management to be of comparable quality. However, this may change from time to time based on market conditions and the condition of specific issuers and securities.
The Fund attempts to limit interest rate risk by maintaining an aggregate portfolio duration of between two and ten years under normal market conditions. Aggregate portfolio duration is important to investors as an indication of the Funds sensitivity to changes in interest rates. Funds with higher durations generally are subject to greater interest rate risk. For example, the value of a fund with a portfolio duration of ten years would be expected to drop by 10% for every 1% increase in interest rates. The Funds actual portfolio duration may be longer or shorter depending upon market conditions. The Fund may also invest in short-term U.S. money market securities and forward currency contracts and swaps designed to provide exposure to securities denominated in the currencies in which the Fund invests.
The Fund may invest up to 30% of its net assets in derivatives such as forward currency contracts, interest rate swaps, inflation-linked swaps, total return swaps and credit-linked notes. The Funds use of forward contracts and swaps will be underpinned by investments in cash or other liquid assets (typically short-term, high-quality U.S. money market securities) and other liquid fixed income securities and is designed to provide exposure similar to investments in local currency debt. The Fund generally will not invest more than 5% of its assets in credit-linked notes. Credit-linked notes typically provide periodic payments of interest as well as payment of principal upon maturity. The Fund also may enter into repurchase agreements with counterparties that are deemed to present acceptable credit risks. Local Debt includes fixed income securities that are denominated in a non-U.S. currency and settled in U.S. dollars. Local Debt also includes fixed income securities denominated in an emerging market currency and issued by supranational organizations, international agencies and non-U.S. governments (state, territory or local governments) and agencies and regional development banks. Assets not invested in Local Debt generally will be invested in U.S. government securities and investment grade money market instruments.
The Fund generally will not invest more than 20% of its assets in debt instruments denominated in U.S. dollars and issued by emerging market governments, government agencies, corporations, supranational issuers and regional development banks (or derivatives based on such instruments). Under normal market conditions, the Fund generally will not invest more than 20% of its assets in corporate bonds (or derivatives based on such bonds). The Funds investment in corporate bonds generally will be limited to bonds with $200 million or more par value outstanding and a significant volume traded (as determined by the Fund). The Fund may invest up to 5% of its assets in corporate bonds with less than $200 million par amount outstanding only if such bonds are sufficiently liquid (as determined by the Fund).
The decision to secure exposure through direct investment in bonds or indirectly through derivative transactions will be a function of, among other things, market accessibility, credit exposure, tax ramifications and regulatory requirements applicable to U.S. investment companies. If, subsequent to an investment, the 80% requirement is no longer met, the Funds future investments will be made in a manner that will bring the Fund into compliance with this policy. The Trust will provide shareholders with sixty (60) days prior notice of any change to this policy for the Fund.
Australia & New Zealand Debt Fund
The Australia & New Zealand Debt Fund seeks a high level of total return consisting of both income and capital appreciation. The Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective through investment in Debt Securities denominated in Australian or New Zealand dollars. Under normal circumstances, the Fund will invest at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in Debt Securities. For purposes of this Fund, Debt Securities include fixed income securities, such as bonds, notes or other debt obligations, denominated in Australian or New Zealand dollars, as well as certain derivatives and other instruments described herein.
The Fund intends to focus its investments on bonds and other debt instruments denominated in Australian and New Zealand dollars issued by governments (national, state and local), government agencies and instrumentalities, government-sponsored enterprises and supranational organizations. For these purposes, supranational organizations include entities such as the European Investment Bank, International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, International Finance Corporation, and other regional development banks.
The Fund also may invest in Debt Securities of corporate issuers organized in Australia or New Zealand or that have economic ties to Australia or New Zealand, although this is not expected to be a focus of the Fund. The Fund will invest only in corporate bonds that the Adviser or Sub-Adviser deems to be sufficiently liquid. The Funds investment in corporate bonds generally will be limited to bonds with $200 million or more par value outstanding and a significant volume traded (as determined by the Fund). The Fund may invest up to 5% of its assets in corporate bonds with less than $200 million par amount outstanding only if (i) such bonds are sufficiently liquid (as determined by the Fund), (ii) such investment is consistent with the Funds goal of providing exposure to a broad range of Debt Securities denominated in Australian or New Zealand dollars, and (iii) such investment is deemed by the Adviser or Sub-Adviser to be in the best interest of the Fund.
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The Fund is designed to provide broad exposure to Debt Securities of issuers in Australia and New Zealand. The Fund uses a structured investment approach to allocate its investments between countries (Australia and New Zealand) and sectors (government debt, semi-government debt, supranational organizations). Government debt refers to Debt Securities issued by the Commonwealth of Australia or New Zealand and its various agencies, instrumentalities and government-sponsored enterprises. Semi-government debt refers to Debt Securities issued by the local, state and territory governments of Australia, typically to finance local infrastructure and operations. As noted, supranational organizations include entities such as the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development and other regional development banks. The Funds exposure to Australia and New Zealand is based on the relative gross domestic product, or GDP, of each country. Since Australias economy is much larger than New Zealands, the Funds exposure to Australia generally will be higher than its exposure to New Zealand. The Fund invests in three sectors: government debt, semi-government debt and debt of supranational organizations. For purposes of this sector analysis, corporate issuers are included within the category of supranational organizations. The Funds exposure to each sector is assessed relative to an equal-weighted baseline (e.g., 1/3 each). Sector exposures may be tilted within a narrow range around this baseline in order to take advantage of potential opportunities to enhance risk-adjusted return. The Funds exposures to each country, sector and individual issuer are monitored from a risk perspective. The percentage of the Funds assets invested in a specific country, sector or issuer may change, depending on market conditions, as agreed upon by the investment adviser and investment sub-adviser.
The universe of Debt Securities in which the Fund may invest includes securities that are rated investment grade as well as non-investment grade. The Fund expects to have 75% or more of its assets invested in investment grade bonds, though this percentage may change from time to time in accordance with market conditions and the debt ratings assigned to countries and issuers. Securities rated investment grade generally are considered to be of higher credit quality and subject to lower default risk. Although securities rated below investment grade may offer the potential for higher yields, they generally are subject to a higher potential risk of loss. The Fund will limit its exposure to speculative issuers and securities to no more than 10% of its assets. For these purposes, speculative securities are securities rated BB or below by Moodys, or equivalently rated by S&P or Fitch, or, if unrated, determined by WisdomTree Asset Management to be of comparable quality. However, this may change from time to time based on market conditions and the conditions of specific issuers and securities.
The Fund attempts to limit interest rate risk by maintaining an aggregate portfolio duration of between two and eight years under normal market conditions. Aggregate portfolio duration is important to investors as an indication of the Funds sensitivity to changes in interest rates. Funds with higher durations generally are subject to greater interest rate risk. For example, the value of a fund with a portfolio duration of ten years would be expected to drop by 10% for every 1% increase in interest rates. The Funds actual portfolio duration may be longer or shorter depending upon market conditions. The Fund may also invest in short-term money market securities denominated in local currencies.
The Fund may invest up to 20% of its net assets in derivatives such as forward currency contracts, interest rate swaps, total return swaps and credit-linked notes. The Funds use of forward contracts and swaps will be underpinned by investments in cash or other liquid assets (typically short-term, high-quality U.S. money market securities) and other liquid fixed income securities and is designed to provide exposure similar to investments in locally denominated debt. The Funds investments in credit-linked notes will be limited to notes providing exposure to Fixed Income Securities denominated in Australian or New Zealand dollars. The Funds overall investment in credit-linked notes will not exceed 25% of the Funds assets. The Fund also may enter into repurchase agreements with counterparties that are deemed to present acceptable credit risks.
Assets not invested in locally denominated debt generally will be invested in U.S. government securities and investment grade money market instruments. The Fund may invest up to 20% of its assets in debt instruments denominated in U.S. dollars issued by the Australian or New Zealand government, government agencies, corporations, regional development banks and supranational issuers. The decision to secure exposure through direct investment in bonds or indirectly through derivative transactions will be a function of, among other things, market accessibility, credit exposure, tax ramifications and regulatory requirements applicable to U.S. investment companies. If, subsequent to an investment, the 80% requirement is no longer met, the Funds future investments will be made in a manner that will bring the Fund into compliance with this policy. The Trust will provide shareholders with sixty (60) days prior written notice of any change to this policy for the Fund.
The Funds name and objective changed effective October 25, 2011. Prior to October 25, 2011, the investment objective and style of the former WisdomTree Dreyfus New Zealand Dollar Fund focused on short-term, New Zealand dollar-denominated money market instruments.
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Euro Debt Fund
The Euro Debt Fund seeks a high level of total return consisting of both income and capital appreciation. The Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective through investment in Debt Securities denominated in euros. Under normal circumstances, the Fund will invest at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in Debt Securities. For these purposes, Debt Securities consist of fixed income securities, such as bonds, notes or other debt obligations, denominated in euros, as well as certain derivatives and other instruments described herein.
The Fund intends to focus its investments on bonds and other debt instruments denominated in euros and issued by governments (national, state and local), government agencies and instrumentalities, government-sponsored enterprises and supranational organizations. For these purposes, supranational organizations include entities such as the European Investment Bank, International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, International Finance Corporation, or other regional development banks.
The Fund also may invest in Debt Securities of corporate issuers organized in euro area countries or that have significant economic ties to euro area countries, although this is not expected to be a focus of the Fund. The Fund will invest only in corporate bonds that the Adviser or Sub-Adviser deems to be sufficiently liquid. The Funds investment in corporate bonds generally will be limited to bonds with $200 million or more par value outstanding and a significant volume traded (as determined by the Fund). The Fund may invest up to 5% of its assets in corporate bonds with less than $200 million par amount outstanding only if (i) such bonds are sufficiently liquid (as determined by the Fund), (ii) such investment is consistent with the Funds goal of providing exposure to a broad range of Debt Securities denominated in euros, and (iii) such investment is deemed by the Adviser or Sub-Adviser to be in the best interest of the Fund.
The Fund is designed to provide broad exposure to Debt Securities of issuers in euro area countries. The euro area is a group of 17 members of the European Union that have adopted the euro as their common currency. The euro area currently consists of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, and Spain. The Funds exposure to the euro area countries is monitored from a risk perspective and may be modified, reduced or eliminated at any time. Initially, the Fund does not intend to invest in national, state or local debt of Ireland, Italy, Greece, Portugal, Spain, Estonia, Cyprus or Malta.
The Fund will seek to concentrate its investments in Debt Securities of more credit worthy issuers within the region. This currently includes sizable positions in the sovereign debt of Germany and France with attempted balanced allocations to the sovereign debt of other euro area countries as well as supranational issuers. Subject to the Funds general investment requirement to provide broad regional and country exposure, the Fund generally invests a higher percentage of its assets in countries that have larger and more liquid debt markets. The Funds exposure to any single country generally will be limited to 20% of the Funds assets. The euro area countries in which the Fund invests and the percentage of Fund assets invested in a particular euro area country or issuer will change from time to time, depending on market conditions, as agreed upon by the Adviser and Sub-Adviser.
The universe of Debt Securities in which the Fund may invest includes securities that are rated investment grade as well as noninvestment grade. However, the Fund expects to have 75% or more of its assets invested in investment grade bonds, though this percentage may change from time to time in accordance with market conditions and the debt ratings assigned to countries and issuers. Securities rated investment grade generally are considered to be of higher credit quality and subject to lower default risk. Although securities rated below investment grade may offer the potential for higher yields, they generally are subject to a higher potential risk of loss. The Fund will limit its exposure to speculative issuers and securities to no more than 10% of its assets. For these purposes, speculative securities are securities rated BB or below by Moodys, or equivalently rated by S&P or Fitch, or, if unrated, determined by WisdomTree Asset Management to be of comparable quality. However, this may change from time to time based on market conditions and the condition of specific issuers and securities.
The Fund attempts to limit interest rate risk by maintaining an aggregate portfolio duration of between two and eight years under normal market conditions. Aggregate portfolio duration is important to investors as an indication of the Funds sensitivity to changes in interest rates. Funds with higher durations generally are subject to greater interest rate risk. For example, the value of a fund with a portfolio duration of ten years would be expected to drop by 10% for every 1% increase in interest rates. The Funds actual portfolio duration may be longer or shorter depending upon market conditions. The Fund may also invest in short-term money market securities denominated in euros.
The Fund may invest up to 20% of its net assets in derivatives such as forward currency contracts, interest rate swaps, inflation-linked swaps, total return swaps and credit-linked notes. The Funds use of forward contracts and swaps will be underpinned by investments in cash or other liquid assets (typically short-term, high-quality U.S. money market securities) and is designed to provide exposure similar to investments in euro-denominated debt. The Fund also may enter into repurchase agreements with counterparties that are deemed to present acceptable credit risks.
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Assets not invested in euro-denominated debt generally will be invested in U.S. government securities and investment grade money market instruments. The Fund may invest up to 20% of its assets in debt instruments denominated in U.S. dollars issued by EU governments, government agencies, corporations, regional development banks and supranational issuers.
The decision to secure exposure through direct investment in bonds or indirectly through derivative transactions will be a function of, among other things, market accessibility, credit exposure, tax ramifications and regulatory requirements applicable to U.S. investment companies. If, subsequent to an investment, the 80% requirement is no longer met, the Funds future investments will be made in a manner that will bring the Fund into compliance with this policy. The Trust will provide shareholders with sixty (60) days prior written notice of any change to this policy for the Fund.
The Funds name and objective changed effective October 19, 2011. Prior to October 19, 2011, the investment objective and style of the former WisdomTree Dreyfus Euro Fund focused on short-term, euro-denominated money market instruments.
Currency Income Funds
Each of the Brazilian Real Fund, Chinese Yuan Fund, and Indian Rupee Fund seeks to (i) achieve total returns reflective of money market rates available to foreign investors in the specified countries or regions, and (ii) provide exposure to changes in the value of a designated non-U.S. currency (or currencies) relative to the U.S. dollar. Because the market for money market securities in these countries generally is less liquid and accessible to foreign investors than corresponding markets in more developed economies, each of these Funds intends to achieve exposure to the non-U.S. market designated by its name by investing primarily in short-term U.S. money market securities and forward currency contracts and currency swaps. The combination of U.S. money market securities with forward currency contracts and currency swaps is designed to provide exposure equivalent to money market securities denominated in a non-U.S. currency. Each of these Funds also may enter into repurchase agreements with counterparties that are deemed to present acceptable credit risks.
The Commodity Currency Fund seeks to (i) achieve total returns reflective of money market rates available to foreign investors in selected commodity-producing countries, and (ii) provide exposure to changes in the value of a designated non-U.S. currency or currencies relative to the U.S. dollar. The term commodity currency generally is used to describe the currency of a country whose economic success is commonly identified with the production and export of commodities (such as precious metals, oil, agricultural products or other raw materials) and whose value is closely linked to the value of such commodities. As the demand for, or price of, such commodities increases, money tends to flow into the country. This generally lifts the countrys economic prospects and supports the value of its currency. For example, Canada is commonly recognized as a leading producer and exporter of oil and natural gas. Increases in the price of oil and gas historically have had a positive influence on the value of the Canadian dollar relative to other currencies. Similarly, a significant portion of the economies of Australia and South Africa are tied to mining and production of industrial and precious metals, such as iron ore and gold. Increases in the prices of such metals historically have provided support to the value of the Australian dollar and South African rand relative to other currencies. Conversely, declines in the demand for, or value of, such commodities historically have contributed to declines in the relative value of these countries currencies. The Fund is designed to provide exposure to both the currencies and money market rates available to foreign investors in selected commodity-producing countries. The Fund intends to invest in commodity-producing countries such as Australia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Indonesia, Malaysia, New Zealand, Norway, Peru, Russia, and South Africa. This list may change based on market developments. In addition to seeking broad exposure across countries and currencies, the Fund intends to seek exposure across currencies correlated to each of the key commodity groups: industrial metals, precious metals, energy, agriculture and livestock. The Fund generally will invest only in currencies that float relative to other currencies. The value of a floating currency is largely determined by supply and demand and prevailing market rates. In contrast, the value of a fixed currency generally is set by a government or central bank at an official exchange rate. The Fund generally does not intend to invest in the currencies of notable commodity producers, such as Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates, since they are fixed or otherwise closely linked to the U.S. dollar. The Fund will only invest in currencies that it deems to be sufficiently liquid and accessible.
Because the market for money market securities in some of the countries above may be less liquid and accessible to foreign investors than corresponding markets in more developed economies, the Fund intends to achieve exposure to selected commodity-producing countries available to U.S. investors by investing primarily in short-term U.S. money market securities and forward currency contracts and currency swaps. The combination of U.S. money market securities with forward currency contracts and currency swaps is designed to create a position economically similar to a money market instrument denominated in each of the selected currencies. The Fund also may enter into repurchase agreements with counterparties that are deemed to present acceptable credit risks.
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The Emerging Currency Fund seeks to (i) achieve total returns reflective of money market rates available to foreign investors in selected emerging market countries, and (ii) provide exposure to changes in the value of designated non-U.S. currencies relative to the U.S. dollar. The Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing in short-term securities and instruments designed to provide exposure to the currencies and money market rates of selected emerging market countries. The Fund seeks to provide exposure to currencies and money market rates from emerging and developing economies in three regions of the world: (i) Asia, (ii) Latin America and (iii) Europe, the Middle East and Africa. The Fund intends to invest in markets such as: Brazil, Chile, China, Colombia, Czech Republic, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Mexico, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Russia, South Africa, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand, and Turkey. This list may change based on market developments. The Fund attempts to achieve exposure to the most liquid currencies within each of the three broad regions, while at the same time maintaining geographic and economic diversity across these regions. The specific set of currencies is selected on the annual assessment date each year (typically in July) and generally remains the same throughout the year. The selected currencies are equally weighted in terms of U.S. dollar value at the annual assessment date. The Fund is rebalanced quarterly in order to maintain this equal weighting. In order to maintain geographic diversity, the Funds exposure to each of the three broad geographic regions is limited to 55% of its total asset value on the annual assessment date and at each quarterly rebalancing. More frequent rebalancings may occur in response to significant market events. A significant event might include, for example, market conditions that significantly disrupt liquidity or result in the reclassification of a currency (from emerging to developed, for example). Currencies that generally would be considered liquid may be ineligible for investment or dropped from the Fund as a result of government action or other market events if the Funds adviser believes doing so would be in the best interest of the Fund.
Because the market for money market securities in the selected emerging markets generally is less liquid and accessible to foreign investors than corresponding markets in more developed countries, the Fund intends to achieve exposure to these markets by investing primarily in short-term U.S. money market securities and forward currency contracts and swaps. The combination of U.S. money market securities with forward currency contracts and currency swaps is designed to create a position economically similar to a money market security denominated in each of the selected currencies. In aggregate, the Funds investments should create exposure that is economically similar to a basket of money market securities denominated in each of the selected currencies. The Fund also may enter into repurchase agreements with counterparties that are deemed to present acceptable credit risks.
All Funds
As a matter of general policy, each Fixed Income Fund, Currency Income Fund and the Global Real Return Fund will invest under normal circumstances at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in investments whose combined performances are tied economically to the particular country, geographic region or basket of currencies suggested by the Funds name. Funds designated as Global generally invest in developed and emerging markets throughout the world, including the United States and other regions. As a matter of general policy, the Managed Futures Strategy Fund will invest under normal circumstances at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in managed futures, as described above. If, subsequent to an investment, the 80% requirement is no longer met, the Funds future investments will be made in a manner that will bring the Fund into compliance with this policy. The Trust will provide shareholders with 60 days prior notice of any change to this policy for the Fund. A Funds investment in derivatives will be included in its net assets when determining whether a Fund satisfies the 80% test described above.
All U.S. money market securities acquired by the Funds will be rated in the upper two short-term ratings by at least two Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating Organizations (NRSROs) or, if unrated, deemed to be of equivalent quality. A First Tier security is (i) a rated security that has received a short-term rating from the NRSROs in the highest short-term rating category for debt obligations (within which there may be sub-categories or gradations indicating relative standing); (ii) an unrated security that is of comparable quality to a security, as determined by the Funds board of directors; (iii) a security issued by a registered investment company that is a money market fund; or (iv) a security issued by the U.S. government or any of its agencies or instrumentalities. A Second Tier security is a rated security that has received a short-term rating other than a first tier rating from an NRSRO for debt obligations (within which there may be sub-categories or gradations indicating relative standing) or is an unrated security that is of comparable quality. Each Fund intends to limit its overall exposure to Second Tier money market securities to 5% of total assets. Any security originally issued as a long-term obligation (more than 397 days from maturity at issuance) will be rated A or higher (or the equivalent) at the time of purchase by at least two NRSROs or, if unrated, deemed to be of equivalent quality.
Each Fund intends to qualify each year as a regulated investment company (a RIC) under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Code), so that it will not be subject to federal income tax on income and gains that are timely distributed to Fund shareholders. Each Fund will invest its assets, and otherwise conduct its operations, in a manner that is intended to satisfy the qualifying income, diversification and distribution requirements necessary to establish and maintain RIC qualification under Subchapter M.
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In addition to satisfying the above-referenced RIC diversification requirements, no portfolio security held by a Fund (other than U.S. government securities and non-U.S. government securities) will represent more than 30% of the weight of a Fund and the five highest weighted portfolio securities of a Fund (other than U.S. government securities and/or non-U.S. government securities) will not in the aggregate account for more than 65% of the weight of a Fund. For these purposes, a Fund may treat repurchase agreements collateralized by U.S. government securities or non-U.S. government securities as U.S. or non-U.S. government securities, as applicable.
Each Fund is considered non-diversified, as such term is used in the 1940 Act.
Weighted Average Portfolio Maturity. In order to reduce interest rate risk, each Currency Income Fund generally expects to maintain a weighted average portfolio maturity of 90 days or less with respect to the money market securities in their respective portfolios. This may change from time to time. The average weighted portfolio maturity of a Fund is the average of all the current maturities of the individual securities in the Funds portfolio adjusted by the dollar amount of such securities held by the Fund. Average portfolio maturity is important to investors as an indication of the Funds sensitivity to changes in interest rates. Funds with longer average portfolio maturities generally are subject to greater interest rate risk. Each Currency Income Fund may engage in forward currency contracts and swap transactions. The use of such contracts and transactions may extend the weighted average maturity of such Funds entire portfolio beyond 90 days. In particular, the Chinese Yuan Fund currently intends to invest in forward currency contracts and swaps, generally with a weighted average term of up to 180 days. Such transactions increase a Funds exposure to interest rate risk.
An investment in a Fund should be made with an understanding that the value of a Funds portfolio securities may fluctuate in accordance with changes in the financial condition of an issuer or counterparty, changes in specific economic or political conditions that affect a particular security or issuer and changes in general economic or political conditions. Each Fund is actively managed using proprietary investment strategies and processes. There can be no guarantees that these strategies and processes will produce the intended results. A Fund may not outperform other investment strategies over short- or long-term market cycles and the Fund may decline in value. Fund shares may trade above or below their net asset value. An investor in a Fund could lose money over short or even long periods of time.
Although each Currency Income Fund invests in short-term U.S. and/or non-U.S. money market securities, the Currency Income Funds do not seek to maintain a constant NAV and are not traditional money market funds. Each Fixed Income Fund also invests in intermediate and long-term U.S. and/or non-U.S. money market securities. The price of the securities and other investments held by the Funds, and thus the value of a Funds portfolio, is expected to fluctuate in accordance with general economic conditions, interest rates, political events and other factors.
Each Fund is actively managed using proprietary investment strategies and processes. There can be no guarantees that these strategies and processes will produce the intended results. The Funds may not outperform other investment strategies over short- or long-term market cycles and the Funds may decline in value.
Investor perceptions may also impact the value of Fund investments and the value of an investment in Fund shares. These investor perceptions are based on various and unpredictable factors, including expectations regarding government, economic, monetary and fiscal policies, inflation and interest rates, economic expansion or contraction, and global or regional political, economic or banking crises. Issuer-specific conditions may also affect the value of a Fund investment. The financial condition of an issuer of a security or counterparty to a contract may cause it to default or become unable to pay interest or principal due on the security or contract. A Fund cannot collect interest and principal payments if the issuer or counterparty defaults. Accordingly, the value of an investment in a Fund may change in response to issuer defaults and changes in the credit ratings of the Funds portfolio securities.
Events in the financial sector have resulted, and may continue to result, in an unusually high degree of volatility in the financial markets, both domestic and foreign. Both domestic and foreign fixed income and equity markets have been experiencing extreme volatility and turmoil. Issuers that have exposure to the real estate, mortgage and credit markets have been particularly affected and well-known financial institutions have experienced significant liquidity and other problems. Some of these institutions have declared bankruptcy or defaulted on their debt. It is uncertain whether or for how long these conditions will continue. These events and possible continuing market turbulence may have an adverse effect on Fund performance.
Although all of the Funds attempt to invest in liquid securities and instruments, there can be no guarantees that a liquid market for such securities and instruments will be maintained. The price at which securities may be sold and the value of a Funds shares will be adversely affected if trading markets for a Funds portfolio holdings are limited.
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Authorized Participants should refer to the section herein entitled Creation and Redemption of Creation Unit Aggregations for additional information that may impact them.
BORROWING. Although the Funds do not intend to borrow money, each Fund may do so to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act. Under the 1940 Act, a fund may borrow up to 33% of its net assets. The Funds will borrow only for short-term or emergency purposes.
Borrowing will tend to exaggerate the effect on net asset value of any increase or decrease in the market value of a Funds portfolio. Money borrowed will be subject to interest costs that may or may not be recovered by earnings on the securities purchased. A Fund also may be required to maintain minimum average balances in connection with a borrowing or to pay a commitment or other fee to maintain a line of credit; either of these requirements would increase the cost of borrowing over the stated interest rate.
CAPITAL CONTROL RISK. Economic conditions, such as volatile currency exchange rates and interest rates, political events and other conditions may, without prior warning, lead to government intervention and the imposition of capital controls. Countries use these controls to restrict volatile movements of capital entering (inflows) and exiting (outflows) their country to respond to certain economic conditions. Such controls are mainly applied to short-term capital transactions to counter speculative flows that threaten to undermine the stability of the exchange rate and deplete foreign exchange reserves. Capital controls include the prohibition of, or restrictions on, the ability to transfer currency, securities or other assets. Levies may be placed on profits repatriated by foreign entities (such as the Funds). Capital controls may impact the ability of a Fund to create and redeem Creation Units, adversely affect the trading market for shares of the Fund, and cause a Fund to trade at prices materially different from its NAV. A Fund may change its creation or redemption procedures without notice in response to the imposition of capital controls. There can be no assurance a country in which a Fund invests will not impose a form of capital control to the possible detriment of a Fund and its shareholders.
CURRENCY EXCHANGE RATE RISK. Investments denominated in non-U.S. currencies and investments in securities or derivatives that provide exposure to such currencies, currency exchange rates or interest rates are subject to non-U.S. currency risk. Changes in currency exchange rates and the relative value of non-U.S. currencies will affect the value of a Funds investment and the value of your Fund shares. Because each Funds NAV is determined on the basis of U.S. dollars, the U.S. dollar value of your investment in the Fund may go down if the value of the local currency of the non-U.S. markets in which the Fund invests depreciates against the U.S. dollar. This is true even if the local currency value of securities in the Funds holdings goes up. Conversely, the U.S. dollar value of your investment in the Fund may go up if the value of the local currency appreciates against the U.S. dollar.
The value of the U.S. dollar against other currencies is influenced by a variety of factors. These factors include national debt levels and trade deficits, changes in balances of payments and trade, domestic and foreign interest and inflation rates, global or regional political, economic or financial events, monetary policies of governments, actual or potential government intervention, and global energy prices. Political instability, the possibility of government intervention and restrictive or opaque business and investment policies may also reduce the value of a countrys currency. Government monetary policies and the buying or selling of currency by a countrys government may also influence exchange rates.
Currencies of emerging or developing market countries may be subject to significantly greater risks than currencies of developed countries. Many developing market countries have experienced steady declines or even sudden devaluations of their currencies relative to the U.S. dollar. Some non-U.S. market currencies may not be traded internationally, may be subject to strict limitations on foreign investment and may be subject to frequent and unannounced government intervention. Government intervention and currency controls can decrease the value and significantly increase the volatility of an investment in non-U.S. currency. Although the currencies of some developing market countries may be convertible into U.S. dollars, the achievable rates may differ from those experienced by domestic investors because of foreign investment restrictions, withholding taxes, lack of liquidity or other reasons.
FOREIGN SECURITIES RISK. Each Fund (except for the Managed Futures Strategy Fund) invests a significant portion of its assets in non-U.S. securities and instruments, or in instruments that provide exposure to such securities and instruments. Investments in non-U.S. securities involve certain risks that may not be present with investments in U.S. securities. For example, investments in non-U.S. securities may be subject to risk of loss due to foreign currency fluctuations or to political or economic instability. There may be less information publicly available about a non-U.S. issuer than a U.S. issuer. Non-U.S. issuers may be subject to different accounting, auditing, financial reporting and investor protection standards than U.S. issuers. Investments in non-U.S. securities may be subject to withholding or other taxes and may be subject to additional trading, settlement, custodial, and operational risks (including restrictions on the transfers of securities). With respect to certain countries, there is the possibility of government intervention and expropriation or nationalization of assets. Because legal systems differ, there is also the possibility that it will be difficult to obtain or enforce legal judgments in certain countries. Since foreign exchanges may be open on days when a Fund does not price its shares, the value of the securities in a Funds portfolio may change on days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or sell a Funds shares. Conversely, Fund shares may trade on days when foreign exchanges are closed. Each of these factors can make investments in a Fund more volatile and potentially less liquid than other types of investments. In addition, a Fund may change its creation or redemption procedures without notice in connection with restrictions on the transfer of securities. For more information on creation and redemption procedures, see Creation and Redemption of Creation Unit Aggregations herein.
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HIGH YIELD RISK. Each Fixed Income Fund and the Global Real Return Fund may invest a limited portion of its assets in securities rated lower than Baa by Moodys, or equivalently rated by S&P or Fitch. Such securities are sometimes referred to as high yield securities or junk bonds. Investing in these securities involves special risks in addition to the risks associated with investments in higher-rated fixed income securities. While offering a greater potential for capital appreciation and higher yields, high yield securities typically entail higher price volatility and may be less liquid than securities with higher ratings. High yield securities may be regarded as predominantly speculative with respect to the issuers continuing ability to meet principal and interest payments. Issuers of securities in default may fail to resume principal or interest payments, in which case the Funds may lose their entire investment.
LACK OF DIVERSIFICATION. Although each Fund intends to invest in a variety of securities and instruments, the Funds are considered non-diversified as such term is used in the 1940 Act. Each Fund is considered to be non-diversified and is not limited by the 1940 Act with regard to the percentage of its assets that may be invested in the securities of a single issuer. As a result, each of the Funds may invest more of its assets in the securities of a single issuer or a smaller number of issuers than if it were classified as a diversified fund. Therefore, each Fund may be more exposed to the risks associated with and developments affecting an individual issuer or a small number of issuers than a fund that invests more widely, which may have a greater impact on the Funds volatility and performance.
Each Fund does, however, intend to maintain the level of diversification necessary to qualify as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code. The Subchapter M diversification tests are discussed below under Taxes.
TAX RISK. To qualify for the favorable U.S. federal income tax treatment accorded to RICs, a Fund must, among other things, derive in each taxable year at least 90% of its gross income from certain prescribed sources. The U.S. Treasury Department has authority to issue regulations that would exclude foreign currency gains from qualifying income if such gains are not directly related to a Funds business of investing in stock or securities. Accordingly, regulations may be issued in the future that could treat some or all of a Funds foreign currency gains as non-qualifying income, which might jeopardize the Funds status as a RIC for all years to which the regulations are applicable. If for any taxable year a Fund does not qualify as a RIC, all of its taxable income (including its net capital gain) for that year would be subject to tax at regular corporate rates without any deduction for distributions to shareholders, and such distributions would be taxable to shareholders as dividend income to the extent of the Funds current and accumulated earnings and profits.
The WisdomTree Managed Futures Strategy Fund and WisdomTree Global Real Return Fund may also obtain exposure to the commodities markets by entering into commodity-linked derivative instruments, such as listed futures contracts, forward currency contracts, swaps, and structured notes. Income from certain commodity-linked derivative instruments in which the Funds invest may not be considered qualifying income under the 90% test noted above. The Funds intend to invest in such commodity-linked derivative instruments indirectly through the WisdomTree Managed Futures Strategy Subsidiary and the WisdomTree Global Real Return Subsidiary, respectively. To the extent the Funds make direct investments in commodity-linked derivative instruments, they will seek to restrict the resulting income from such instruments so that, when combined with its other non-qualifying income, the Funds non-qualifying income is less than 10% of their gross income. Failure to comply with this restriction would have significant negative tax consequences to Fund shareholders.
A discussion of some of the other risks associated with an investment in a Fund is contained in each Funds Prospectus.
SPECIFIC INVESTMENT STRATEGIES
A description of certain investment strategies and types of investments used by some or all of the Funds is set forth below.
MONEY MARKET INSTRUMENTS. Each Fund may invest a portion of its assets in high-quality money market instruments on an ongoing basis to provide liquidity or for other reasons. The instruments in which the Funds may invest include: (i) short-term obligations issued by the U.S. government; (ii) negotiable certificates of deposit (CDs), fixed time deposits and bankers acceptances of U.S. and foreign banks and similar institutions; (iii) commercial paper; and (iv) repurchase agreements. CDs are short-term negotiable obligations of commercial banks. Time deposits are non-negotiable deposits maintained in banking institutions for specified periods of time at stated interest rates. Bankers acceptances are time drafts drawn on commercial banks by borrowers, usually in connection with international transactions. High-quality instruments are typically those rated in the top two short- or long-term ratings categories by at least one NRSRO or judged by the Adviser or Sub-Adviser to be of comparable quality.
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FIXED INCOME SECURITIES. Each Fund invests in fixed income securities, such as U.S. Treasury notes and bonds. Fixed income securities change in value in response to interest rate changes and other factors, such as the perception of the issuers creditworthiness. For example, the value of fixed income securities will generally decrease when interest rates rise, which may cause the value of the Fund to decrease. In addition, investments in fixed income securities with longer maturities will fluctuate more in response to interest rate changes.
U.S. GOVERNMENT SECURITIES. Each Fund may invest in short-term obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Treasury or the agencies or instrumentalities of the U.S. government. Each Fixed Income Fund, the Managed Futures Strategy Fund, and the Global Real Return Fund may also purchase intermediate and long-term obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Treasury or the agencies or instrumentalities of the U.S. government. U.S. government securities are obligations of, or guaranteed by, the U.S. government, its agencies or government-sponsored enterprises. U.S. government securities are subject to market and interest rate risk, and may be subject to varying degrees of credit risk. U.S. government securities include inflation-indexed fixed income securities, such as U.S. Treasury Inflation Protected Securities (TIPS). U.S. government securities include zero coupon securities, which tend to be subject to greater market risk than interest-paying securities of similar maturities.
NON-U.S. GOVERNMENT SECURITIES. Each Fund may invest in short-term securities issued or guaranteed by non-U.S. governments, agencies and instrumentalities. The Emerging Markets Local Debt Fund and the Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund may also purchase intermediate and long-term obligations issued or guaranteed by non-U.S. governments, agencies and instrumentalities. Non-U.S. government securities include direct obligations, as well as obligations guaranteed by a foreign government including state, territory or local governments.
BANK DEPOSITS AND OBLIGATIONS. Each Fund may invest in deposits and other obligations of U.S. and non-U.S. banks and financial institutions. Deposits and obligations of banks and financial institutions include certificates of deposit, time deposits, and bankers acceptances. Certificates of deposit and time deposits represent an institutions obligation to repay funds deposited with it that earn a specified interest rate. Certificates of deposit are negotiable certificates, while time deposits are non-negotiable deposits. A bankers acceptance is a time draft drawn on and accepted by a bank that becomes a primary and unconditional liability of the bank upon acceptance. Investments in obligations of non-U.S. banks and financial institutions may involve risks that are different from investments in obligations of U.S. banks. These risks include future unfavorable political and economic developments, seizure or nationalization of foreign deposits, currency controls, interest limitations or other governmental restrictions that might affect the payment of principal or interest on the securities held in the Fund.
COMMERCIAL PAPER. Each Fund may invest in commercial paper. Commercial paper is an unsecured short-term promissory note with a fixed maturity of no more than 270 days issued by corporations, generally to finance short-term business needs. The commercial paper purchased by the Currency Income Funds and Global Real Return Fund generally will be rated in the upper two short-term ratings by at least two NRSROs or, if unrated, deemed to be of equivalent quality by the Adviser or the Sub-Adviser. If a security satisfies the rating requirement upon initial purchase and is subsequently downgraded, a Fund is not required to dispose of the security. In the event of such an occurrence, the Adviser or the Sub-Adviser will determine what action, including potential sale, is in the best interest of the Fund. The Currency Income Funds and Global Real Return Fund may also purchase unrated commercial paper provided that such paper is determined to be of comparable quality by the Adviser or the Sub-Adviser. Commercial paper issues in which each Fund may invest include securities issued by corporations without registration under the Securities Act in reliance on the exemption from such registration afforded by Section 3(a)(3) thereof, and commercial paper issued in reliance on the so-called private placement exemption from registration, which is afforded by Section 4(2) of the Securities Act (Section 4(2) paper). Section 4(2) paper is restricted as to disposition under the federal securities laws in that any resale must similarly be made in an exempt transaction. Section 4(2) paper is normally resold to other institutional investors through or with the assistance of investment dealers who make a market in Section 4(2) paper, thus providing liquidity.
CORPORATE DEBT OBLIGATIONS. The Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund invests in corporate debt obligations, and each Fixed Income Fund and the Global Real Return Fund may invest in corporate debt obligations. The Currency Income Funds may invest in corporate debt obligations with less than 397 calendar days remaining to maturity. Corporate debt obligations are interest bearing securities in which the corporate issuer has a contractual obligation to pay interest at a stated rate on specific dates and to repay principal periodically or on a specified maturity date. Notes, bonds, debentures and commercial paper are the most common types of corporate debt securities. The primary differences between the different types of corporate debt securities are their maturities and secured or un-secured status. Commercial paper has the shortest term and is usually unsecured. The Currency Income Funds and the Global Real Return Fund will be limited to obligations rated at the time of purchase in the top three long-term rating categories by at least one NRSRO, or if unrated, deemed to be of equivalent quality. The Fixed Income Funds may invest in rated and unrated debt, subject to the credit quality restrictions set forth in the description of the Funds Principal Investment Strategies herein. If a security satisfies the rating requirement upon initial purchase and is subsequently downgraded, a Fund is not required to dispose of the security. In the event of such an occurrence, WisdomTree Asset Management or the Sub-Adviser will determine what action, including potential sale, is in the best interest of the Fund. See also High Yield Risk above under GENERAL RISKS.
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Corporate debt of emerging market issuers may be issued by domestic or foreign companies of all kinds, including those with small-, mid- and large-capitalizations. Corporate debt may be rated investment-grade or below investment-grade and may carry variable or floating rates of interest.
Because of the wide range of types, and maturities, of corporate debt obligations, as well as the range of creditworthiness of its issuers, corporate debt obligations have widely varying potentials for return and risk profiles. For example, commercial paper issued by a large established domestic corporation that is rated investment-grade may have a modest return on principal, but carries relatively limited risk. On the other hand, a long-term corporate note issued by a small foreign corporation from an emerging market country that has not been rated may have the potential for relatively large returns on principal, but carries a relatively high degree of risk.
Like most fixed income securities, corporate debt obligations carry both credit risk and interest rate risk. Credit risk is the risk that a Fund could lose money if the issuer of a corporate debt security is unable to pay interest or repay principal when it is due. Interest rate risk is the risk that the value of certain corporate debt securities will tend to fall when interest rates rise. In general, corporate debt securities with longer terms tend to fall more in value when interest rates rise than corporate debt securities with shorter terms. The Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund attempts to limit interest rate risk by maintaining an aggregate portfolio duration of between two and ten years under normal market conditions. Aggregate portfolio duration is important to investors as an indication of the Funds sensitivity to changes in interest rates. Funds with higher durations generally are subject to greater interest rate risk. For example, the value of a fund with a portfolio duration of ten years would be expected to drop by 10% for every 1% increase in interest rates. The Funds actual portfolio duration may be longer or shorter depending upon market conditions.
FLOATING AND ADJUSTABLE RATE NOTES. Each Fund may purchase floating-rate and adjustable rate obligations, such as demand notes, bonds, and commercial paper. The Global Real Return Fund may invest a relatively large percentage of its assets in these instruments. Variable- and floating-rate securities generally are less sensitive to interest rate changes but may decline in value if their interest rates do not rise as much, or as quickly, as interest rates in general. Conversely, floating-rate securities will not generally increase in value if interest rates decline. When the Fund holds variable- or floating-rate securities, a decrease (or, in the case of inverse floating-rate securities, an increase) in market interest rates will adversely affect the income received from such securities and the net asset value of the Funds shares.
These securities may bear interest at a rate that resets based on standard money market indices or are remarketed at current market rates. They may permit the holder to demand payment of principal at any time or at specified intervals not exceeding 397 days. The issuer of such obligations may also have the right to prepay, in its discretion, the principal amount of the obligations plus any accrued interest. The reset date of securities held by each Fund may not be longer than 397 days (and therefore would be considered to be within each Funds general maturity restriction of 397 days). Given that most floating-rate securities reset their interest rates prior to their final maturity date, each Fund uses the period to the next reset date to calculate the securities contribution to the average portfolio maturity of the Fund.
MORTGAGE-BACKED AND ASSET-BACKED SECURITIES. Each Currency Income Fund, each Fixed Income Fund, and the Global Real Return Fund may invest in mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities. Mortgage-backed securities are secured (or backed) by pools of commercial or residential mortgages. Asset-backed securities are secured (or backed) by other types of assets, such as automobile loans, installment sale contracts, credit card receivables or other similar assets. Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities are issued by entities such as Ginnie Mae, Fannie Mae, the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation, commercial banks, trusts, special purpose entities, finance companies, finance subsidiaries of industrial companies, savings and loan associations, mortgage banks and investment banks. Investing in mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities is subject to credit risk and interest rate risk. They are also subject to the risk of prepayment, which can change the nature and extent of the Funds interest rate risk. The market for mortgage-backed securities may not be liquid under all interest rate scenarios, which may prevent the Fund from selling such securities held in its portfolio at times or prices that it desires.
MORTGAGE DOLLAR ROLL TRANSACTIONS. The Global Real Return Fund may enter into mortgage dollar roll transactions with selected banks and broker-dealers. In a dollar roll, the Fund sells mortgage-backed securities and simultaneously contracts to repurchase substantially similar (same type, coupon and maturity) securities on a specified future day. The Fund will only enter into covered rolls. A covered roll is a specific type of dollar roll for which there is an offsetting cash or cash equivalent security position which matures on or before the forward settlement date of the dollar roll transaction. Covered rolls are not treated as a borrowing or other senior security and will be excluded from the calculation of the Funds borrowings and other senior securities. For financial reporting and tax purposes, the Fund treats mortgage dollar rolls as two separate transactions: one involving the purchase of a security and a separate transaction involving a sale. The Fund does not currently intend to enter into mortgage dollar roll transactions that are accounted for as financing.
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INFLATION-LINKED BONDS. The Global Real Return Fund currently invests a relatively large percentage of its assets in inflation-indexed bonds. Inflation-indexed bonds are fixed income securities whose principal value is periodically adjusted according to the rate of inflation. Repayment of the original bond principal upon maturity (as adjusted for inflation) is guaranteed in the case of U.S. Treasury inflation-indexed bonds. However, the current market value of the bonds is not guaranteed, and will fluctuate with market conditions. Investments in other inflation-linked bonds may not provide a similar guarantee and the principal amount repaid could be less than the original principal if inflation falls over the period.
The value of inflation-indexed bonds is expected to change in response to changes in real interest rates. Real interest rates in turn are tied to the relationship between nominal interest rates and the rate of inflation. Therefore, if the rise in inflation exceeds the rise in nominal rates, real rates are likely to decline, leading to an increase in the market value of the bonds. Conversely, if the rise in nominal interest rates outpaces the pickup in the rate of inflation, real interest might rise, generating a decline in the market value of the inflation-linked security.
The periodic adjustment of U.S. inflation-indexed bonds generally is tied to the Consumer Price Index for Urban Consumers (CPI-U), which is calculated monthly by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. The CPI-U is a measurement of changes in the cost of living, made up of components such as housing, food, transportation and energy. Inflation-indexed bonds issued by a foreign government are generally adjusted to reflect a comparable country or regional inflation measure calculated by that government. There can be no assurance that the CPI-U or any foreign inflation index will accurately measure the real rate of inflation in the prices of goods and services. Moreover, there can be no assurance that the rate of inflation in a foreign country will be correlated to the rate of inflation in the United States. Any increase in the principal amount of an inflation-indexed bond will be considered taxable ordinary income, even though investors do not receive their principal until maturity.
Inflation-linked bonds held by the Fund may experience an increase in original issue value due to inflation-linked adjustments. The inflation-linked growth in the value of these bonds may be reflected in the Funds gross income. While inflation-adjusted growth does not result in cash payments to the Fund, the Fund may be required to make distributions to shareholders for any increase in value in excess of the cash actually received by the Fund during the taxable year. The Fund may be required to sell portfolio securities to make these distribution payments. This may lead to higher transaction costs, losses from sale during unfavorable market conditions and higher capital gains taxes. If deflation-linked adjustments decrease the value of inflation-linked bonds held by the Fund, income distributions previously made by the Fund during the taxable year may be deemed a return of capital.
SUPRANATIONAL SECURITIES. Each Fund may invest in securities issued by supranational entities. A supranational entity is formed by two or more central governments to promote economic development for the member countries. Supranational entities finance their activities by issuing bond debt and are usually considered part of the sub-sovereign debt market. Some well-known examples of supranational entities are the World Bank, International Monetary Fund, European Investment Bank, Asian Development Bank, Inter-American Development Bank and other regional multilateral development banks. These securities are subject to varying degrees of credit risk and interest rate risk.
SOVEREIGN DEBT OBLIGATIONS. Each Fund may invest in sovereign debt obligations. Sovereign debt obligations involve special risks that are not present in corporate debt obligations. The foreign issuer of the sovereign debt or the foreign governmental authorities that control the repayment of the debt may be unable or unwilling to repay principal or interest when due, and the Fund may have limited recourse in the event of a default. During periods of economic uncertainty, the market prices of sovereign debt, and the Funds net asset value, to the extent it invests in such securities, may be more volatile than prices of debt obligations of U.S. issuers. In the past, certain foreign countries have encountered difficulties in servicing their debt obligations, withheld payments of principal and interest and declared moratoria on the payment of principal and interest on their sovereign debt. A sovereign debtors willingness or ability to repay principal and pay interest in a timely manner may be affected by, among other factors, its cash flow situation, the extent of its foreign currency reserves, the availability of sufficient foreign exchange, the relative size of the debt service burden, the sovereign debtors policy toward principal international lenders and local political constraints. Sovereign debtors may also be dependent on expected disbursements from foreign governments, multilateral agencies and other entities to reduce principal and interest arrearages on their debt. The failure of a sovereign debtor to implement economic reforms, achieve specified levels of economic performance or repay principal or interest when due may result in the cancellation of third party commitments to lend funds to the sovereign debtor, which may further impair such debtors ability or willingness to service its debts.
EXCHANGE-TRADED NOTES. Each Fund may invest in exchange-traded notes (ETNs). ETNs generally are senior, unsecured, unsubordinated debt securities issued by a sponsor, such as an investment bank. ETNs are traded on exchanges and the returns are linked to the performance of market indexes. In addition to trading ETNs on exchanges, investors may redeem ETNs directly with the issuer on a periodic basis, typically in a minimum amount of 50,000 units, or hold the ETNs until maturity. The value of an ETN may be influenced by time to maturity, level of supply and demand for the ETN, volatility and lack of liquidity in the underlying market, changes in the applicable interest rates, and economic, legal, political or geographic events that affect the referenced market. Because ETNs are debt securities, they are subject to credit risk. If the issuer has financial difficulties or goes bankrupt, a Fund may not receive the return it was promised. If a rating agency lowers an issuers credit rating, the value of the ETN may decline and a lower credit rating reflects a greater risk that the issuer will default on its obligation. There may be restrictions on a Funds right to redeem its investment in an ETN. There are no periodic interest payments for ETNs, and principal is not protected. A Funds decision to sell its ETN holdings may be limited by the availability of a secondary market.
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LOAN PARTICIPATION NOTES. The Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund may invest in loan participation notes (LPNs). Loan Participation Notes are notes issued through a special purpose vehicle offshore for the sole purpose of funding a loan to final obligor. Corporate issuers have commonly utilized this structure in jurisdictions where tax regulations make it difficult to access the global bond markets with directly issued debt. LPNs are subject to the same risks as other Corporate Debt, including credit risk, interest rate risk and market risk Many LPNs are highly traded and denominated in dollars. The notes do, however, have limited recourse to the issuer, to the extent of the amount received by the issuer from the ultimate borrower in paying the principal and interest amounts as defined under the loan agreement. The Fund may be exposed to the credit risk of both the lender and the borrower, and may not benefit from any collateral supporting the underlying loan.
DERIVATIVES. Each Fund may use derivative instruments as part of its investment strategies. The Brazilian Real Fund, Chinese Yuan Fund, Commodity Currency Fund, Emerging Currency Fund, Indian Rupee Fund, and Alternative Funds will likely have a greater portion of their assets invested through derivative instruments than the other Funds. The Emerging Markets Local Debt Fund and the Asia Local Debt Fund expect that no more than 30% of the value of their respective net assets will be invested in derivative instruments. Each of the Australia & New Zealand Debt Fund, Euro Debt Fund and Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund, under normal circumstances, will invest no more than 20% of the value of its net assets in derivative instruments. The Funds will not use derivatives to increase leverage and investments in derivatives will be fully collateralized.
Generally, derivatives are financial contracts whose value depends upon, or is derived from, the value of an underlying asset, reference rate or index, and may relate to bonds, interest rates, currencies, commodities, and related indexes. Examples of derivative instruments include listed futures contracts, forward currency contracts, non-deliverable forward currency contracts, currency, interest rate and total return swaps, currency options, futures contracts, options on futures contracts, swap agreements and credit-linked notes.
With respect to certain kinds of derivative transactions entered into by the Funds that involve obligations to make future payments to third parties, including, but not limited to, futures, forward contracts, swap contracts, the purchase of securities on a when-issued or delayed delivery basis, or reverse repurchase agreements, under applicable federal securities laws, rules, and interpretations thereof, the Fund must set aside (referred to sometimes as asset segregation) liquid assets, or engage in other measures to cover open positions with respect to such transactions. For example, with respect to forward foreign currency exchange contracts and futures contracts that are not contractually required to cash-settle, the Fund must cover its open positions by setting aside liquid assets equal to the contracts full notional value, except that deliverable foreign currency exchange contracts for currencies that are liquid will be treated as the equivalent of cash settled contracts. As such, the Fund may set aside liquid assets in an amount equal to the Funds daily marked-to-market (net) obligation (i.e., the Funds daily net liability if any) rather than the full notional amount under such deliverable forward foreign currency exchange contracts. With respect to forward foreign currency exchange contracts and futures contracts that are contractually required to cash-settle, the Fund may set aside liquid assets in an amount equal to the Funds daily marked-to-market (net) obligation rather than the notional value. The Fund reserves the right to modify its asset segregation policies in the future.
Effective April 24, 2012, the U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) revised, among other things, CFTC Rule 4.5 and rescinded CFTC Rule 4.13(a)(4). Accordingly, as of January 1, 2013, WisdomTree Asset Management will be registered with the CFTC as a commodity pool operator (CPO) under the Commodity Exchange Act with regard to the Global Real Return Fund, the Managed Futures Strategy Fund, the WisdomTree Global Real Return Subsidiary and the WisdomTree Managed Futures Strategy Subsidiary. The CFTC has proposed amendments to its regulations of CPOs managing funds registered under the 1940 Act that are intended to harmonize the SECs and the CFTCs regulatory schemes as they apply to registered funds. The CFTC has provided that until such proposed amendments are adopted, CPOs of funds registered under the 1940 Act are not subject to recordkeeping, reporting and disclosure requirements under CFTC Rules Part 4. The effect of the future regulatory changes relating to CFTC requirements for recordkeeping, disclosure and reporting requirements are unknown, but they are not expected to materially adversely affect the ability of the Funds to continue to operate and achieve their investment objectives. If, however, future regulatory changes were to result in the Funds having difficulty in achieving their respective investment objectives, the Trust may determine to reorganize or close the Funds or to materially change the Funds investment objectives and strategies.
With regard to the Funds other than the Global Real Return Fund and the Managed Futures Strategy Fund, WisdomTree Asset Management will continue to claim relief from the definition of CPO under revised CFTC Rule 4.5. Specifically, pursuant to CFTC Rule 4.5 WisdomTree Asset Management may claim exclusion from the definition of CPO, and thus from having to register as a CPO, with regard to a Fund that enters into commodity futures, commodity options or swaps solely for bona fide hedging purposes, or that limits its investment in commodities to a de minimis amount, as defined in CFTC rules, so long as the shares of such Fund are not marketed as interests in a commodity pool or other vehicle for trading in commodity futures, commodity options or swaps. It is expected that, other than the Global Real Return Fund and Managed Futures Strategy Fund, the Funds will be able to operate pursuant to the limitations under the revised CFTC Rule 4.5 without materially adversely affecting their ability to achieve their investment objectives. If, however, these limitations were to make it difficult for a Fund to achieve its investment objective in the future, the Trust may determine to operate the Fund as a regulated commodity pool pursuant to WisdomTree Asset Managements CPO registration or to reorganize or close the Fund or to materially change the Funds investment objectives and strategies.
Structured Notes. Each Alternative Fund may invest in notes, sometimes called structured notes, linked to the performance of commodities or commodity indexes. Commodity-linked structured notes provide exposure, which may include long and/or short exposure, to the investment returns of commodities markets without investing directly in the underlying physical commodities. The performance of these notes is determined by the price movement of the commodities underlying the note. Structured notes may be used to enhance leverage. Leverage is a technique used to multiply gains or losses. These notes are subject to the credit risk of the issuing party and may be less liquid than other types of securities. This means that the Fund may lose money if the issuer of the note defaults and that the Fund may not be able to readily close out its investment in such notes without incurring losses. The Fund may not invest more than 30% of its assets in swap transactions and structured notes.
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Credit-Linked Notes. Each Fund may invest in credit-linked notes. A credit-linked note is a type of structured note whose value is linked to an underlying reference asset. Credit-linked notes typically provide periodic payments of interest as well as payment of principal upon maturity. The value of the periodic payments and the principal amount payable upon maturity are tied (positively or negatively) to a reference asset, such as an index, government bond, interest rate or currency exchange rate. The ongoing payments and principal upon maturity typically will increase or decrease depending on increases or decreases in the value of the reference asset. A credit-linked note typically is issued by a special purpose trust or similar entity and is a direct obligation of the issuing entity. The entity, in turn, invests in bonds or derivative contracts in order to provide the exposure set forth in the credit-linked note. The periodic interest payments and principal obligations payable under the terms of the note typically are conditioned upon the entitys receipt of payments on its underlying investment. If the underlying investment defaults, the periodic payments and principal received by the Fund will be reduced or eliminated. The buyer of a credit-linked note assumes the risk of default by the issuer and the underlying reference asset or entity. Generally, investors in credit-linked notes assume the risk of default by the issuer and the reference entity in return for a potentially higher yield on their investment or access to an investment that they could not otherwise obtain. In the event the issuer defaults or there is a credit event that relates to the reference asset, the recovery rate is generally less than the Funds initial investment and the Fund may lose money.
Foreign Currency Transactions. Each Fund may engage in foreign currency transactions. Each Fund may invest directly in foreign currencies in the form of bank and financial institution deposits, certificates of deposit, and bankers acceptances denominated in a specified non-U.S. currency. Each Fund may enter into foreign currency exchange transactions. Each Fund will conduct its foreign currency exchange transactions either on a spot (i.e., cash) basis at the spot rate prevailing in the foreign currency exchange market, or by entering into forward currency contracts to purchase or sell foreign currencies or forward currency swaps to exchange cash flows based on the notional difference among two or more currencies.
Foreign exchange transactions involve a significant degree of risk and the markets in which foreign exchange transactions are effected are highly volatile, highly specialized and highly technical. Significant changes, including changes in liquidity and prices, can occur in such markets within very short periods of time, often within minutes. If a Fund utilizes foreign exchange transactions at an inappropriate time, such transactions may not serve their intended purpose. The Fund could experience losses if the value of any currency forwards, options and futures positions is poorly correlated with its other investments or if it could not close out its positions because of an illiquid market. In addition, the Fund will incur transaction costs, including trading commissions, in connection with certain foreign currency transactions.
Each Fund may buy or sell government bonds, commercial paper, corporate debt obligations, notes and other fixed income securities denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. Any security or instrument denominated in a currency other than the U.S. dollar is subject to foreign currency risk.
Forward Currency Contracts. Each Fund may enter into forward currency contracts. A forward currency contract is a privately negotiated contract to purchase or sell a specific currency at a future date (usually less than one year) at a price set at the time of the contract. These contracts generally are traded directly between currency traders (usually large commercial banks) and their customers. Each Fund may enter into forward currency contracts in order to lock in the exchange rate between the currency it will deliver and the currency it will receive for the duration of the contract. The settlement of the contracts may occur with the physical delivery of a specified amount of currency equivalent to the market value of the contract. This is sometimes referred to as a deliverable forward contract. A non-deliverable forward contract is a forward contract where there is no physical settlement of two currencies at maturity. Non-deliverable forward contracts are contracts between parties in which one party agrees to make periodic payments to another party, or counterparty, based on the change in market value or level of a specified currency. In return, the counterparty agrees to make periodic payments to the first party based on the return of a different specified currency. Non-deliverable forward contracts will usually be done on a net basis, each Fund receiving or paying only the net amount of the two payments. The net amount of the excess, if any, of each Funds obligations over its entitlements with respect to each non-deliverable forward contract is accrued on a daily basis and an amount of cash or highly liquid securities having an aggregate value at least equal to the accrued excess is maintained in an account at the Trusts custodian bank. The risk of loss with respect to non-deliverable forward contracts generally is limited to the net amount of payments that a Fund is contractually obligated to make or receive. Each Fund may invest in a combination of forward currency contracts and U.S. dollar-denominated money market securities in an attempt to obtain an investment result that is similar to a direct investment in a foreign currency-denominated instrument. This investment technique, if successful, creates a synthetic position in the particular foreign currency instrument the Fund is trying to duplicate. Forward contracts are subject to the risk that the counterparty will default on its obligations.
Futures Contracts and Options on Futures Contracts. Each Fund may use futures contracts and related options: (i) to attempt to gain exposure to foreign currencies, and (ii) to attempt to gain exposure to a particular market, instrument or index.
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Futures Contracts. A futures contract is a standardized contract traded on a recognized exchange in which two parties agree to exchange either a specified financial asset or the cash equivalent of said asset of standardized quantity and quality for a price agreed to today (the futures price or the strike price) with delivery occurring at a specified future date. Each Funds investments in listed futures contracts will be backed by investments in U.S. government securities in an amount equal to the exposure of such contracts. Each Fund may take long or short positions in listed futures contracts.
Each Fund may transact in listed currency futures contracts and listed U.S. Treasury futures contracts. The Alternative Funds also may transact in listed commodity futures contracts. When a Fund purchases a listed futures contract, it agrees to purchase a specified reference asset (i.e., commodity, currency or Treasury security) at a specified future date. When the Fund sells a listed futures contract, it agrees to sell a specified reference asset (i.e., commodity, currency or Treasury security) at a specified future date. The price at which the purchase and sale will take place is fixed when the Fund enters into the contract. The exchange clearing corporation is the ultimate counterparty for all exchange listed contracts, so credit risk is limited to the creditworthiness of the exchanges clearing corporation. Margin deposits are posted as performance bonds with the clearing broker and, in turn, with the exchange clearing corporation.
Each Fund may buy and sell index futures contracts with respect to any index traded on a recognized exchange or board of trade. An index futures contract is a bilateral agreement pursuant to which two parties agree to take or make delivery of an amount of cash equal to a specified dollar amount times the difference between the index value at the close of trading of the contract and the price at which the futures contract is originally struck. No physical delivery of the securities comprising the index is made. Instead, settlement in cash must occur upon the termination of the contract, with the settlement being the difference between the contract price, and the actual level of the stock index at the expiration of the contract. Generally, contracts are closed out prior to the expiration date of the contract.
When a Fund purchases or sells a futures contract, the Fund is required to cover its position in order to limit the risk associated with the use of leverage and other related risks. To cover its position, the Fund will maintain with its custodian bank (and marked-to-market on a daily basis) a segregated account consisting of cash or liquid securities that, when added to any amounts deposited with a futures commission merchant as margin, are equal to the market value of the futures contract or otherwise cover its position in a manner consistent with the 1940 Act or the rules and SEC interpretations thereunder. If the Fund continues to engage in the described securities trading practices and properly segregates assets, the segregated account will function as a practical limit on the amount of leverage which the Fund may undertake and on the potential increase in the speculative character of the Funds outstanding portfolio securities. Additionally, such segregated accounts will generally ensure the availability of adequate funds to meet the obligations of the Fund arising from such investment activities.
There are significant risks associated with a Funds use of futures contracts, including the following: (1) the success of a strategy may depend on the Advisers ability to predict movements in the prices of individual commodities, currencies or securities, fluctuations in markets and movements in interest rates; (2) there may be an imperfect or no correlation between the changes in market value of the commodities, currencies or securities and the prices of futures contracts; (3) although the Fund intends to enter into futures contracts only if there is an active market for such contracts, there is no assurance that an active market will exist for the contracts at any particular time; (4) trading restrictions or limitations may be imposed by an exchange; and (5) government regulations may restrict trading in futures contracts.
Risks Associated with Commodity Futures Contracts. There are additional risks associated with transactions in commodity futures that are not applicable to other types of futures contracts.
n | Storage. Unlike the financial futures markets, in the commodity futures markets there are costs of physical storage associated with purchasing the underlying commodity. The price of the commodity futures contract will reflect the storage costs of purchasing the physical commodity, including the time value of money invested in the physical commodity. To the extent that the storage costs for an underlying commodity change while the Fund is invested in futures contracts on that commodity, the value of the futures contracts may change proportionately. The Fund intends to roll out of futures contracts prior to settlement and does not intend to deliver or accept physical commodities upon settlement of such transactions. |
n | Reinvestment. In the commodity futures markets, producers of the underlying commodity may decide to hedge the price risk of selling the commodity by selling futures contracts today to lock in the price of the commodity at delivery tomorrow. In order to induce speculators to purchase the other side of the same futures contract, the commodity producer generally must sell the futures contract at a lower price than the expected future spot price. Conversely, if most hedgers in the futures market are purchasing futures contracts to hedge against a rise in prices, then speculators will only sell the other side of the futures contract at a higher futures price than the expected future spot price of the commodity. The changing nature of the hedgers and speculators in the commodity markets will influence whether futures prices are above or below the expected future spot price, which can have significant implications for the Fund. If the nature of hedgers and speculators in futures markets has shifted when it is time for the Fund to reinvest the proceeds of a maturing contract in a new futures contract, the Fund might reinvest at higher or lower futures prices, or choose to pursue other investments. |
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n | Other Economic Factors. The commodities which underlie commodity futures contracts may be subject to additional economic and non-economic variables, such as drought, floods, weather, livestock disease, embargoes, tariffs, and international economic, political and regulatory developments. These factors may have a larger impact on commodity prices and commodity-linked instruments, including futures contracts, than on traditional securities. Certain commodities are also subject to limited pricing flexibility because of supply and demand factors. Others are subject to broad price fluctuations as a result of the volatility of the prices for certain raw materials and the instability of supplies of other materials. These additional variables may create additional investment risks which subject the Funds investments to greater volatility than investments in traditional securities. |
Options Contracts. Each Fund reserves the right to buy or sell options on listed futures contracts, though the Managed Futures Strategy Fund does not intend to do so. An option on a futures contract gives the purchaser the right, in exchange for payment of a premium, to assume a position in a futures contract at a specified exercise price during the term of the option. A put option gives the purchaser of the option the right to sell, and the writer of the option the obligation to buy, the underlying security or instrument at any time during the option period. A call option on a security gives the purchaser of the option the right to buy, and the writer of the option the obligation to sell, the underlying security or instrument at any time during the option period. A premium is paid to the writer of an option as consideration for undertaking the obligation in the contract.
Each Fund may purchase and write options on an exchange or over the counter (OTC). OTC options differ from exchange-traded options in several respects. They are transacted directly with dealers and not with a clearing corporation, and therefore entail the risk of non-performance by the dealer. OTC options are available for a greater variety of securities and for a wider range of expiration dates and exercise prices than are available for exchange-traded options. Because OTC options are not traded on an exchange, pricing is done normally by reference to information from a market maker. It is the SECs position that OTC options are generally illiquid.
When a Fund purchases or sells an options contract, the Fund is required to cover its position in order to limit the risk associated with the use of leverage and other related risks. To cover its position, the Fund will maintain with its custodian bank (and mark-to-market on a daily basis) a segregated account consisting of cash or liquid securities that, when added to any amounts deposited as margin, are equal to the market value of the options contract or otherwise cover its position in a manner consistent with the 1940 Act or the rules and SEC interpretations thereunder. If the Fund continues to engage in the described securities trading practices and properly segregates assets, the segregated account will function as a practical limit on the amount of leverage which the Fund may undertake and on the potential increase in the speculative character of the Funds outstanding portfolio securities. Additionally, such segregated accounts will generally ensure the availability of adequate funds to meet the obligations of the Fund arising from such investment activities.
There are significant risks associated with a Funds use of options contracts, including the following: (1) the success of a strategy may depend on the Advisers ability to predict movements in the prices of individual commodities, currencies or securities, fluctuations in markets and movements in interest rates; (2) there may be an imperfect or no correlation between the changes in market value of the commodities, currencies or securities and the price of options; (3) although the Fund intends to enter into options contracts only if there is an active market for such contracts, there is no assurance that an active market will exist for the contracts at any particular time; (4) trading restrictions or limitations may be imposed by an exchange; and (5) government regulations may restrict trading in options contracts.
Currency Options. Each Fund may buy or sell put and call options on foreign currencies either on exchanges or in the over-the-counter market. A put option on a foreign currency gives the purchaser of the option the right to sell a foreign currency at the exercise price until the option expires. A call option on a foreign currency gives the purchaser of the option the right to purchase the currency at the exercise price until the option expires.
Swap Agreements. Each Fund may enter into swap agreements, including interest rate swaps, currency swaps, commodity index swaps, inflation-linked swaps and total return swaps. A typical interest rate swap involves the exchange of a floating interest rate payment for a fixed interest payment. A typical foreign currency swap involves the exchange of cash flows based on the notional difference among two or more currencies (e.g., the U.S. dollar and the euro). Commodity index swaps and total return swaps involve the exchange of payments based on the value of an index or return on an underlying reference asset. Inflation-linked swaps are typically an agreement between two parties to exchange payments at a future date based on the difference between a fixed payment and a payment linked to the inflation rate at future date. Swaps agreements can be structured to provide for periodic payments over the term of the swap contract or a single payment at maturity (also known as a bullet swap). Swap agreements may be used to hedge or achieve exposure to, for example, commodities, currencies, and interest rates without actually purchasing such commodities, currencies or securities. Swap agreements will tend to shift a Funds investment exposure from one type of investment to another or from one payment stream to another. Depending on their structure, swap agreements may increase or decrease a Funds exposure to long- or short-term interest rates (in the United States or abroad), commodities, and foreign currencies, and may increase or decrease the overall volatility of the Funds investments and its share price. Swaps may be used to enhance leverage. Leverage is a technique used to multiply gains or losses. A Fund may not invest more than 30% of its assets in swap transactions and structured notes. When a Fund purchases or sells a swap contract, the Fund is required to cover its position in order to limit the risk associated with the use of leverage and other related risks. To cover its position, the Fund will maintain with its custodian bank (and mark-to-market on a daily basis) a segregated account consisting of cash or liquid securities that, when added to any amounts deposited as margin, are equal to the market value of the swap contract or otherwise cover its position in a manner consistent with the 1940 Act or the rules and SEC interpretations thereunder. If the Fund continues to engage in the described securities trading practices and properly segregates assets, the segregated account will function as a practical limit on the amount of leverage which the Fund may undertake and on the potential increase in the speculative character of the Funds outstanding portfolio securities. Additionally, such segregated accounts will generally ensure the availability of adequate funds to meet the obligations of the Fund arising from such investment activities.
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Currency, Interest Rate, Credit Default and Total Return Swaps. Each Fund may enter into swap agreements, including interest rate swaps, currency swaps and total return swaps. A typical interest rate swap involves the exchange of a floating interest rate payment for a fixed interest rate payment. A typical foreign currency swap involves the exchange of cash flows based on the notional difference among two or more currencies (e.g., the U.S. dollar and the non-U.S. currencies). A typical credit default swap (CDS) involves an agreement to make a series of payments by the buyer in exchange for receipt of payment by the seller if the loan defaults. In the event of default the buyer of the CDS receives compensation (usually the face value of the loan), and the seller of the CDS takes possession of the defaulted loan. A typical total return swap involves the payment of the total return on a reference asset in return for payments equal to a rate of interest on another reference asset. The total return includes appreciation or depreciation on the reference asset, plus any interest or dividend payments. Swap agreements may be used to achieve exposure to, for example, currencies, interest rates, and money market securities without actually purchasing such currencies or securities. Each Fund will use swap agreements to invest in a market without owning or taking physical custody of the underlying securities in circumstances in which direct investment is restricted for legal reasons or is otherwise impracticable. Swap agreements will tend to shift a Funds investment exposure from one type of investment to another or from one payment stream to another. Depending on their structure, swap agreements may increase or decrease a Funds exposure to long-term or short-term interest rates (in the United States or abroad), foreign currencies, corporate borrowing rates, or other factors, and may increase or decrease the overall volatility of the Funds investments and its share price.
SHORT SALE TRANSACTIONS. Each Fund may engage in short sale transactions. A short sale involves the sale by a Fund of a listed futures contract, security or commodity that it does not own at a specified price on a future date. A Fund entering into a short sale transaction would generally expect the trading price of the subject listed futures contract, security or commodity to be lower on the specified future date than the price at which it agreed to sell the security or commodity. The Fund would hope to acquire the listed futures contract, security or commodity at a lower price on such date, thereby realizing a gain equal to the difference in the acquisition price and the sale price (less any costs). The Fund may also enter into a short derivative position through a futures contract or swap agreement. If the price of the listed futures contract, security, commodity or derivative subject to a short sale transaction increases during the period covered by the contract, then the Fund will incur a loss equal to the increase in price from the time that the short sale was entered (plus any costs). Because it requires little or no money to enter into a short sale transaction, a Fund could potentially lose more money than the actual cost of entering into the transaction.
Also, there is the risk that the third party to the short sale may fail to honor its contract terms, causing a loss to a Fund. Each Fund engaging in short sale transactions may be subject to expenses related to short sales that are not typically associated with investing in securities directly, such as costs of borrowing and margin account maintenance costs associated with the Funds open short positions. These expenses negatively impact the performance of the Fund. A Funds investment performance may also suffer if the Fund is required to close out a short position earlier than it had intended. Each Fund is required to segregate cash and other assets on its books to cover its short sale obligations. This means that such cash and other assets may not be available to meet the Funds needs for immediate cash or other liquidity.
INVESTMENT IN THE WISDOMTREE SUBSIDIARIES. The Global Real Return Fund and the Managed Futures Strategy Fund intend to achieve commodity exposure through investment in the WisdomTree Global Real Return Subsidiary and WisdomTree Managed Futures Strategy Subsidiary, respectively (each a WisdomTree Subsidiary and together, the WisdomTree Subsidiaries). Each Funds investment in its WisdomTree Subsidiary may not exceed 25% of the Funds total assets at each quarter-end of the Funds fiscal year. Each WisdomTree Subsidiary may invest in commodity-linked derivatives including futures, forwards, option and swap contracts, notes, and other investments intended to serve as margin or collateral or otherwise support the WisdomTree Subsidiarys derivatives positions. The WisdomTree Subsidiaries are not registered under the 1940 Act. Each Fund, as the sole shareholder of its respective WisdomTree Subsidiary, will not have all of the protections offered to investors in registered investment companies. However, because each Fund wholly owns and controls its respective WisdomTree Subsidiary, and the Funds and WisdomTree Subsidiaries are managed by the Adviser and Sub-Adviser together, it is unlikely that the WisdomTree Subsidiaries will take action contrary to the interests of the Funds or the Funds shareholders. The Board has oversight responsibility for the investment activities of each Fund, including its investment in its respective WisdomTree Subsidiary, and the Funds role as the sole shareholder of its respective WisdomTree Subsidiary.
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Changes in the laws of the United States and/or the Cayman Islands, under which the Funds and the WisdomTree Subsidiaries are organized, respectively, could result in the inability of the Funds and/or the WisdomTree Subsidiaries to operate as described in this SAI and could negatively affect the Funds and their shareholders. For example, the Cayman Islands does not currently impose any income, corporate or capital gains tax, estate duty, inheritance tax, gift tax or withholding tax on the WisdomTree Subsidiaries. If Cayman Islands law changes such that the WisdomTree Subsidiaries must pay Cayman Islands taxes, Fund shareholders would likely suffer decreased investment returns.
REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS. Each Fund may enter into repurchase agreements with counterparties that are deemed to present acceptable credit risks. A repurchase agreement is a transaction in which a Fund purchases securities or other obligations from a bank or securities dealer (or its affiliate) and simultaneously commits to resell them to a counterparty at an agreed-upon date or upon demand and at a price reflecting a market rate of interest unrelated to the coupon rate or maturity of the purchased obligations. This is designed to result in a fixed rate of return for the Fund insulated from market fluctuations during the holding period. Because they are collateralized by securities, including mortgage-backed securities, repurchase agreements are subject to market and credit risk. As discussed herein, a Fund may not invest more than 10% of its net assets in illiquid securities. A repurchase agreement maturing in more than seven days may be considered an illiquid security. A Fund maintains custody of the underlying obligations prior to their repurchase, either through its regular custodian or through a special tri-party custodian or sub-custodian that maintains separate accounts for both the Fund and its counterparty. Thus, the obligation of the counterparty to pay the repurchase price on the date agreed to or upon demand is, in effect, secured by such obligations.
Repurchase agreements carry certain risks not associated with direct investments in securities, including a possible decline in the market value of the underlying obligations. If their value becomes less than the repurchase price, plus any agreed-upon additional amount, the counterparty must provide additional collateral so that at all times the collateral is at least equal to the repurchase price plus any agreed-upon additional amount. The difference between the total amount to be received upon repurchase of the obligations and the price that was paid by a Fund upon acquisition is accrued as interest and included in its net investment income. Repurchase agreements involving obligations other than U.S. government securities (such as commercial paper and corporate bonds) may be subject to special risks and may not have the benefit of certain protections in the event of the counterpartys insolvency. If the seller or guarantor becomes insolvent, the Fund may suffer delays, costs and possible losses in connection with the disposition of collateral.
REVERSE REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS. Each Fund may enter into reverse repurchase agreements, which involve the sale of securities held by a Fund subject to its agreement to repurchase the securities at an agreed-upon date or upon demand and at a price reflecting a market rate of interest. Reverse repurchase agreements are subject to each Funds limitation on borrowings and may be entered into only with banks or securities dealers or their affiliates. While a reverse repurchase agreement is outstanding, a Fund will maintain the segregation, either on its records or with the Trusts custodian, of cash or other liquid securities, marked to market daily, in an amount at least equal to its obligations under the reverse repurchase agreement. Reverse repurchase agreements involve the risk that the buyer of the securities sold by a Fund might be unable to deliver them when that Fund seeks to repurchase. If the buyer of securities under a reverse repurchase agreement files for bankruptcy or becomes insolvent, the buyer or trustee or receiver may receive an extension of time to determine whether to enforce a Funds obligation to repurchase the securities, and the Funds use of the proceeds of the reverse repurchase agreement may effectively be restricted pending such decision.
INVESTMENT COMPANY SECURITIES. Each Fund may invest in the securities of other investment companies (including money market funds and Underlying ETFs). The 1940 Act generally prohibits a fund from acquiring more than 3% of the outstanding voting shares of an investment company and limits such investments to no more than 5% of the funds total assets in any single investment company and no more than 10% in any combination of two or more investment companies. Each Fund may purchase or otherwise invest in shares of affiliated ETFs. Each Fund may invest in affiliated money market funds and Underlying ETFs.
ILLIQUID SECURITIES. Although the Funds do not intend to do so, as a matter of policy, each Fund may invest up to an aggregate amount of 10% (15% for the Australia & New Zealand Debt Fund, Euro Debt Fund, Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund, and each of the Alternative Funds) of its net assets in illiquid securities. Illiquid securities include securities subject to contractual or other restrictions on resale and other instruments that lack readily available markets. The inability of a Fund to dispose of illiquid or not readily marketable investments readily or at a reasonable price could impair a Funds ability to raise cash for redemptions or other purposes. The liquidity of securities purchased by a Fund which are eligible for resale pursuant to Rule 144A will be monitored by each Fund on an ongoing basis. In the event that such a security is deemed to be no longer liquid, a Funds holdings will be reviewed to determine what action, if any, is required to ensure that the retention of such security does not result in a Fund having more than 10% (15% for the Australia & New Zealand Debt Fund, Euro Debt Fund, Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund, and Alternative Funds) of its assets invested in illiquid or not readily marketable securities.
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FINANCIAL SECTOR INVESTMENTS. Each Fund may engage in transactions with or invest in companies that are considered to be in the financial sector, including commercial banks, brokerage firms, diversified financial services, a variety of firms in all segments of the insurance industry (such as multi-line, property and casualty, and life insurance) and real estate-related companies. There can be no guarantee that these strategies may be successful. A Fund may lose money as a result of defaults or downgrades within the financial sector.
Events in the financial sector have resulted in increased concerns about credit risk and exposure. Well-known financial institutions have experienced significant liquidity and other problems and have defaulted on their debt obligations. Issuers that have exposure to real estate, mortgage and credit markets have been particularly affected. It is uncertain whether or how long these conditions will continue. These events and possible continuing market turbulence may have an adverse effect on Fund performance.
Rule 12d3-1 under the 1940 Act limits the extent to which a fund may invest in the securities of any one company that derives more than 15% of its revenues from brokerage, underwriting or investment management activities. A fund may purchase securities of an issuer that derived more than 15% of its gross revenues in its most recent fiscal year from securities-related activities, subject to the following conditions: (1) the purchase cannot cause more than 5% of the funds total assets to be invested in securities of that issuer; (2) for any equity security, the purchase cannot result in the fund owning more than 5% of the issuers outstanding securities in that class; and (3) for a debt security, the purchase cannot result in the fund owning more than 10% of the outstanding principal amount of the issuers debt securities.
In applying the gross revenue test, an issuers own securities-related activities must be combined with its ratable share of securities-related revenues from enterprises in which it owns a 20% or greater voting or equity interest. All of the above percentage limitations, as well as the issuers gross revenue test, are applicable at the time of purchase. With respect to warrants, rights, and convertible securities, a determination of compliance with the above limitations shall be made as though such warrant, right, or conversion privilege had been exercised. The Funds will not be required to divest their holdings of a particular issuer when circumstances subsequent to the purchase cause one of the above conditions to not be met. The purchase of a general partnership interest in a securities-related business is prohibited.
NON-U.S. SECURITIES. The Funds invest a significant portion of their assets in non-U.S. securities and, in the case of the Alternative Funds, instruments that provide exposure to such securities or instruments. Investments in non-U.S. securities involve certain risks that may not be present in investments in U.S. securities. For example, non-U.S. securities may be subject to currency risks or to foreign government taxes. There may be less information publicly available about a non-U.S. issuer than about a U.S. issuer, and a foreign issuer may or may not be subject to uniform accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards and practices comparable to those in the U.S. Other risks of investing in such securities include political or economic instability in the country involved, the difficulty of predicting international trade patterns and the possibility of imposition of exchange controls. There may be less information publicly available about a non-U.S. issuer than about a U.S. issuer, and a foreign issuer may or may not be subject to uniform accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards and practices comparable to those in the U.S. Investments in non-U.S. securities may be subject to withholding or other taxes and may be subject to additional trading, settlement, custodial, and operational risks. Other risks of investing in such securities include political or economic instability in the country involved, the difficulty of predicting international trade patterns and the possibility of imposition of exchange controls. The prices of such securities may be more volatile than those of domestic securities. With respect to certain foreign countries, there is a possibility of expropriation of assets or nationalization, imposition of withholding taxes on dividend or interest payments, difficulty in obtaining and enforcing judgments against foreign entities or diplomatic developments which could affect investment in these countries. Losses and other expenses may be incurred in converting between various currencies in connection with purchases and sales of foreign securities. Since foreign exchanges may be open on days when a Fund does not price its shares, the value of the securities in a Funds portfolio may change on days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or sell a Funds shares. Conversely, Fund shares may trade on days when foreign exchanges are closed. Each of these factors can make investments in the Fund more volatile and potentially less liquid than other types of investments.
Set forth below for certain markets in which the Funds may invest are brief descriptions of some of the conditions and risks in each such market.
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Investments in Asia. The Asia Local Debt Fund may invest in fixed income securities issued by governments of Asian countries and/or corporations economically tied to Asia. The Emerging Markets Local Debt Fund may invest in fixed income securities issued by governments, government agencies and corporations in Asia. The Commodity Currency Fund and the Emerging Currency Fund may invest in short-term money market securities denominated in currencies of countries in Asia. Many countries in the region have historically faced political uncertainty, corruption, military intervention, and social unrest. Examples include military threats in Korea and Taiwan, the ethnic, sectarian, and separatist violence found in Indonesia, and the nuclear arms threats between India and Pakistan. To the extent that such events continue in the future, they can be expected to have an unpredictable effect on economic and securities market conditions in the region.
The economies of many Asian countries are heavily dependent on international trade and are accordingly affected by protective trade barriers and the economic conditions of their trading partners, principally, the U.S., Japan, China, and the European Union. The recent global economic crisis has impacted Asia, significantly lowering its exports and foreign investments, which are driving forces of its economic growth. Current economic conditions are also significantly affecting consumer confidence and local stock markets.
In addition to general risks affecting Asian countries, certain Asian countries, including China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan, are subject to additional risks that are based on each countrys history, economy and geography. Certain risks associated with investments in these countries are discussed below.
Investments in Australia. The Asia Local Debt Fund, Australia & New Zealand Debt Fund, and Commodity Currency Fund may invest in securities denominated in Australian dollars and/or investments designed to provide exposure to Australian dollars and money market rates. The Global Real Return Fund may invest in fixed income securities and other instruments linked to inflation rates issued by governments, government instrumentalities, government-sponsored enterprises and supranational organizations and/or debt securities issued by corporations in Australia. The economy of Australia is heavily dependent on the demand for natural resources and agricultural products. Conditions that weaken demand for such products worldwide could have a negative impact on the Australian economy as a whole. These and other factors could have a negative impact on a Funds performance.
Investments in Brazil. The Brazilian Real Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing in short-term money market securities denominated in Brazilian real and/or investments designed to provide exposure to Brazilian currency and money market rates. The Emerging Currency Fund and the Commodity Currency Fund may also pursue this investment objective to a lesser extent as part of their overall investment strategies. The Emerging Markets Local Debt Fund may invest in fixed income securities issued by the Brazilian government and/or corporations domiciled in Brazil. The Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund may invest in debt securities issued by corporate entities that are domiciled in, or economically tied to, Brazil and, to a limited extent, debt securities of the Brazilian government and debt securities linked to inflation rates in Brazil. The Global Real Return Fund may invest in fixed income securities and other instruments linked to inflation rates issued by governments, government instrumentalities, government-sponsored enterprises and supranational organizations and/or debt securities issued by corporations in Brazil. Investing in Brazil involves certain considerations not typically associated with investing in securities of U.S. companies or the U.S. government, including: (i) investment and repatriation controls, which could affect a Funds ability to operate, and to qualify for the favorable tax treatment afforded to regulated investment companies for U.S. federal income tax purposes, (ii) fluctuations in the rate of exchange between the Brazilian real and the U.S. dollar, (iii) the generally greater price volatility and lesser liquidity that characterize Brazilian securities markets, as compared with U.S. markets, (iv) the effect that a trade deficit could have on economic stability and the Brazilian governments economic policy, (v) high rates of inflation, (vi) governmental involvement in and influence on the private sector, (vii) Brazilian accounting, auditing and financial standards and requirements, which differ from those in the United States, and (viii) political and other considerations, including changes in applicable Brazilian tax laws. These and other factors could have a negative impact on a Funds performance.
Investments in Canada. The Commodity Currency Fund may invest in short-term money market securities denominated in Canadian dollars and/or investments designed to provide exposure to Canadian dollars and money market rates. The Global Real Return Fund may invest in fixed income securities and other instruments linked to inflation rates issued by governments, government instrumentalities, government-sponsored enterprises and supranational organizations and/or debt securities issued by corporations in Canada. The U.S. is Canadas largest trading partner and foreign investor. As a result, changes to the U.S. economy may significantly affect the Canadian economy. The economy of Canada is also heavily dependent on the demand for natural resources and agricultural products. Canada is the largest producer of zinc and uranium, and is a global source of many other natural resources, such as gold, nickel, aluminum, and lead. Conditions that weaken demand for such products worldwide could have a negative impact on the Canadian economy as a whole. These and other factors could have a negative impact on a Funds performance.
Investments in Chile. The Emerging Currency Fund and the Commodity Currency Fund may invest in short-term money market securities denominated in Chilean pesos and/or investments designed to provide exposure to Chilean pesos and money market rates. The Emerging Markets Local Debt Fund may invest in fixed income and money market securities issued by the Chilean government and/or corporations domiciled in Chile. The Global Real Return Fund may invest in fixed income securities and other instruments linked to inflation rates issued by governments, government instrumentalities, government-sponsored enterprises and supranational organizations and/or debt securities issued by corporations in Chile. Investing in Chile involves certain considerations not typically associated with investing in securities of U.S. companies or the U.S. government. The Chilean economy is subject to risks of social unrest, high unemployment, governmental control and heavy regulation of the labor industry. Historically, Chile has experienced periods of political instability, and certain sectors and regions of Chile have experienced high unemployment. Any recurrence of these events may cause downturns in the Chilean market and adversely impact investments in the Fund. Heavy regulation of labor and product markets is pervasive in Chile and may stifle Chilean economic growth or contribute to prolonged periods of recession. Chile is located in a part of the world that has historically been prone to natural disasters such as earthquakes and volcanoes and is economically sensitive to environmental events. Any such event could result in a significant adverse impact on the Chilean economy. The Chilean economy is affected by the economies of other Central and South American countries, some of which have experienced high interest rates, economic volatility, inflation, currency devaluations and high unemployment rates. Any adverse economic event in one country can have a significant effect on other countries of this region. In addition, commodities (such as oil, gas and minerals) represent a significant percentage of the regions exports, and many economies in this region, including Chiles, are particularly sensitive to fluctuations in commodity prices. These and other factors could have a negative impact on a Funds performance.
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Investments in China and Hong Kong. The Chinese Yuan Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing in short-term money market securities denominated in Chinese yuan and/or investments designed to provide exposure to Chinese currency and money market rates. The Emerging Currency Fund may utilize a similar strategy in regard to the Chinese yuan with the broader investment strategy of the Fund. The Asia Local Debt Fund may invest in fixed income securities issued by governments and/or corporations economically tied to China and Hong Kong. The Emerging Markets Local Debt Fund may invest in fixed income securities issued by governments, government agencies and corporations in China. In addition to the aforementioned risks of investing in non-U.S. securities, investing in securities listed and traded in China involves special considerations not typically associated with investing in countries with more democratic governments or more established economies, securities or currency markets. Such risks may include: (i) the risk of nationalization or expropriation of assets or confiscatory taxation; (ii) greater social, economic and political uncertainty (including the risk of war); (iii) dependency on exports and the corresponding importance of international trade; (iv) increasing competition from Asias other low-cost emerging economies; (v) currency exchange rate fluctuations and the lack of available currency hedging instruments; (vi) higher rates of inflation; (vii) controls on foreign investment and limitations on repatriation of invested capital and on the Funds ability to exchange local currencies for U.S. dollars; (viii) greater governmental involvement in and control over the economy; (ix) the risk that the Chinese government may decide not to continue to support the economic reform programs implemented since 1978 and could return to the prior, completely centrally planned, economy; (x) the fact that Chinese companies, particularly those located in China, may be smaller, less seasoned and newly organized; (xi) the differences in, or lack of, auditing and financial reporting standards which may result in unavailability of material information about issuers, particularly in China; (xii) the fact that statistical information regarding the economy of China may be inaccurate or not comparable to statistical information regarding the U.S. or other economies; (xiii) the less extensive, and still developing, regulation of the securities markets, business entities and commercial transactions; (xiv) the fact that the settlement period of securities transactions in foreign markets may be longer; (xv) the willingness and ability of the Chinese government to support the Chinese and Hong Kong economies and markets is uncertain; (xvi) the risk that it may be more difficult, or impossible, to obtain and/or enforce a judgment than in other countries; (xvii) the rapidity and erratic nature of growth, particularly in China, resulting in inefficiencies and dislocations; (xviii) the risk that, because of the degree of interconnectivity between the economies and financial markets of China and Hong Kong, any sizable reduction in the demand for goods from China, or an economic downturn in China, could negatively affect the economy and financial market of Hong Kong as well; and (xix) the risk that certain companies in the Funds Index may have dealings with countries subject to sanctions or embargoes imposed by the U.S. Government or identified as state sponsors of terrorism.
Investments in Hong Kong are also subject to certain political risks. Following the establishment of the Peoples Republic of China by the Communist Party in 1949, the Chinese government renounced various debt obligations incurred by Chinas predecessor governments, which obligations remain in default, and expropriated assets without compensation. There can be no assurance that the Chinese government will not take similar action in the future. An investment in the Fund involves risk of a total loss. China has committed by treaty to preserve Hong Kongs autonomy and its economic, political and social freedoms for 50 years from the July 1, 1997 transfer of sovereignty from Great Britain to China. However, if China would exert its authority so as to alter the economic, political or legal structures or the existing social policy of Hong Kong, investor and business confidence in Hong Kong could be negatively affected, which in turn could negatively affect markets and business performance. These and other factors could have a negative impact on the Funds performance.
Investments in Colombia. The Commodity Currency Fund and the Emerging Currency Fund may invest in short-term money market securities, and the Emerging Markets Local Debt Fund may invest in short-term money market and fixed income securities, issued by the Colombian government and/or corporations domiciled in Colombia. The Colombian economy is subject to risks of social unrest, high unemployment, governmental control and heavy regulation of the labor industry. Historically, Colombia has experienced periods of political instability, and certain sectors and regions of Colombia have experienced high unemployment. Any recurrence of these events may cause downturns in the Colombian market and adversely impact investments in the Fund. Heavy regulation of labor and product markets is pervasive in Colombia and may stifle Colombian economic growth or contribute to prolonged periods of recession. Colombia is located in a part of the world that has historically been prone to natural disasters such as earthquakes and volcanoes and is economically sensitive to environmental events. Any such event could result in a significant adverse impact on the Colombian economy. The Colombian economy is affected by the economies of other Central and South American countries, some of which have experienced high interest rates, economic volatility, inflation, currency devaluations and high unemployment rates. Any adverse economic event in one country can have a significant effect on other countries of this region. In addition, commodities (such as oil, gas and minerals) represent a significant percentage of the regions exports and many economies in this region, including Colombias, are particularly sensitive to fluctuations in commodity prices. These and other factors could have a negative impact on a Funds performance.
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Investments in Czech Republic. The Emerging Currency Fund may invest in short-term money market securities denominated in the Czech crown and/or investments designed to provide exposure to the Czech crown and money market rates. Investing in the Czech Republic involves certain considerations not typically associated with investing in securities of U.S. companies or the U.S. government. The Czech Republic may experience effects of declining exports, especially to EU countries, inflation and increasing taxes. A significant portion of the workforce in Eastern Europe is unionized and certain regions and sectors of these countries have experienced very high unemployment rates and periods of labor and social unrest. Despite significant recent reform and privatization, Eastern European governments continue to control a large share of economic activity in the region. Government spending in these countries remains high compared to that of other European countries.
Investments in Emerging Markets. The Brazilian Real Fund, the Chinese Yuan Fund, the Emerging Currency Fund, and the Indian Rupee Fund each invests substantially all of its assets in short-term money market securities denominated in the currency of a market or markets considered to be emerging or developing or in securities that provide exposure to such markets. The Emerging Markets Local Debt Fund and the Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund also invests substantially all of their assets in fixed income securities denominated in the currency of emerging or developing markets or in securities that provide exposure to such markets. The Asia Local Debt Fund invests primarily in fixed income securities of Asian markets, many of which are considered to be emerging or developing or in securities that provide exposure to such markets. The Commodity Currency Fund may also pursue this investment objective to a lesser extent as part of its overall investment strategies. These Funds are sometimes referred to herein as Emerging Markets Funds. In addition, the Global Real Return Fund may invest in fixed income and money market securities considered to be emerging or developing or in securities that provide exposure to such markets. Investing in developing markets may be subject to additional risks not associated with more developed economies. Such risks may include: (i) the risk that government and quasi-government entities may not honor their obligations, (ii) greater market volatility, (iii) lower trading volume and liquidity, (iv) greater social, political and economic uncertainty, (v) governmental controls on foreign investments and limitations on repatriation of invested capital, (vi) the risk that governments and companies may be held to lower disclosure, corporate governance, auditing and financial reporting standards than companies in more developed markets, and (vii) the risk that there may be less protection of property rights than in other countries. Some emerging markets have experienced and may continue to experience high inflation rates, currency devaluations and economic recessions. Each of these factors may cause a Fund to decline in value. Unanticipated political or social developments may result in sudden and significant investment losses, and may affect the ability of governments and government agencies in these markets to meet their debt obligations. These and other factors could have a negative impact on a Funds performance and increase the volatility of an investment in a Fund.
Investments in Euro Area Countries. The Euro Debt Fund may invest in Debt Securities denominated in euros that have significant economic ties to euro area countries. The Global Real Return Fund may invest in fixed income securities and other instruments linked to inflation rates issued by governments, government instrumentalities, government-sponsored enterprises and supranational organizations and/or debt securities issued by corporations in euro area countries. The euro area is a group of 17 members of the EU that have adopted the euro as their common currency. The euro area currently consists of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, and Spain. Most developed countries in Western Europe are members of the European Union (EU), and many are also members of the European Monetary Union (EMU), which requires compliance with restrictions on inflation rates, deficits, and debt levels. The tight fiscal and monetary controls necessary to comply with EMU membership may significantly affect every country in Europe. These controls limit EMU member countries ability to implement domestic monetary policies that address regional economic conditions. In addition, unemployment in certain European nations is historically high. Other issues facing the EU and its members that may affect the regions economic stability include the adoption, abandonment, or amendment of a constitutional treaty, the proposed enlargement of membership, and the need for fiscal and democratic accountability among members. The large public budget deficits accrued by the governments of Greece, Ireland, Spain, and Portugal may slow the overall recovery of Europes economy. Any EMU government in need of assistance from other EMU nations may be required to implement specific economic reforms or meet specific performance levels as a condition upon their receipt of assistance. A failure on the part of EMU countries facing large public budget deficits to make required reforms or achieve stated objectives may result in an economic downturn that affects the value of all European Debt Securities.
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In addition to the conditions discussed above, Eastern Europe, including Slovakia and Slovenia, has recently experienced long-term unemployment, inflation, and declining exports. A significant portion of the workforce in Eastern Europe is unionized and certain regions and sectors of these countries have experienced very high unemployment rates and periods of labor and social unrest. Despite recent reform and privatization, Eastern European governments continue to control a large share of economic activity in the region. Government spending in these countries remains high compared to that of other European countries. In addition, the tight fiscal and monetary controls necessary to comply with EMU membership may significantly affect the economy of Eastern Europe. This economic transition may result in political decisions within Slovakia and Slovenia that affect each governments ability to regulate markets as well as subsidize and privatize its industries.
Investments in Hungary. The Emerging Currency Fund may invest in short-term money market securities, and the Emerging Markets Local Debt Fund may invest in short-term money market and fixed income securities, issued by the Hungarian government and/or corporations domiciled in Hungary. Hungary is subject to a considerable degree of economic, political and social instability, which could adversely affect investments in the Fund. Hungary has experienced currency devaluations, substantial rates of inflation, defaults on debt, widespread corruption or economic recessions, causing a negative effect on the economies and securities markets of the country. A significant portion of the workforce in Eastern Europe is unionized, and certain regions and sectors of these countries have experienced very high unemployment rates and periods of labor and social unrest. Despite significant recent reform and privatization, Eastern European governments continue to control a large share of economic activity in the region. Government spending in these countries remains high compared to that of other European countries. Investment in Hungary is uncomplicated, although it is subject to government licensing in security-sensitive areas. Such business licensing is a problem, as regulations are not applied consistently. These and other factors could have a negative impact on a Funds performance.
Investments in India. The Indian Rupee Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing in short-term money market securities denominated in Indian rupee and/or investments designed to provide exposure to Indian currency and money market rates. The Asia Local Debt Fund may invest in fixed income securities issued by governments and/or corporations economically tied to India. Investments in India involve special considerations not typically associated with investing in countries with more established economies or currency markets. The Emerging Currency Fund may also pursue this investment objective to a lesser extent as part of its overall investment strategy. Political and economic conditions and changes in regulatory, tax, or economic policy in India could significantly affect the market in that country and in surrounding or related countries and have a negative impact on the Funds performance. Economic and political structures in India may lack the stability of those of more developed nations. Unanticipated political or social developments in India and surrounding regions may affect the value of the Funds investments and the value of Fund shares. The Indian government has exercised and continues to exercise significant influence over many aspects of the economy, and the number of public sector enterprises in India is substantial. Although the government has recently begun to institute economic reform policies, there can be no assurance that it will continue to pursue such policies, or, if it does, that such policies will succeed. While the government of India is moving to a more liberal approach, it still places restrictions on the capability and capacity of foreign investors to access and trade rupee directly. Foreign investors in India still face burdensome taxes on investments in income producing securities as well as potentially high levels of inflation. The laws relating to limited liability of corporate shareholders, fiduciary duties of officers and directors, and the bankruptcy of state enterprises are generally less well developed than or different from laws in the U.S. These and other factors may decrease the value and liquidity of the Funds investments, and therefore the value and liquidity of an investment in the Fund.
Investments in Indonesia. The Commodity Currency Fund and the Emerging Currency Fund may invest in short-term money market securities denominated in Indonesian rupiah and/or investments designed to provide exposure to Indonesian rupiah and money market rates. The Emerging Markets Local Debt Fund may invest in money market and fixed income securities issued by the Indonesian government and/or corporations domiciled in Indonesia. The Asia Local Debt Fund may invest in fixed income securities issued by Indonesian governments and/or corporations economically tied to Indonesia. Southeast Asia is heavily dependent on exports and is thus particularly vulnerable to any weakening in global demand for these products. As the current global economic crisis intensifies, the economies of Southeast Asian countries could be severely impacted once the effects of this crisis fully unfold. Indonesia has restored financial stability and pursued sober fiscal policies since the 1997-1998 Asian financial crisis, but many economic development problems remain, including high unemployment, a fragile banking sector, endemic corruption, inadequate infrastructure, a poor investment climate, and unequal resource distribution among regions. These problems may limit the countrys ability to contain the increasingly severe and negative impact of the current global economic crisis on its economy. Economic growth of Indonesia has slowed as a result of the current global economic crisis and could be more severely impacted once the full effects of the crisis fully unfold. Keys to future growth remain internal reform, peaceful resolution of internal conflicts, building up the confidence of international and domestic investors, and strong global economic growth. These and other factors could have a negative impact on a Funds performance.
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Investments in Malaysia. The Commodity Currency Fund and the Emerging Currency Fund may invest in short-term money market securities, and the Emerging Markets Local Debt Fund may invest in short-term money market and fixed income securities, issued by the Malaysian government and/or corporations domiciled in Malaysia. The Asia Local Debt Fund may invest in fixed income securities issued by the Malaysian government and/or corporations economically tied to Malaysia. The Malaysian economy is dependent on the economies of Southeast Asia and the United States as key trading partners. Reduction in spending by these countries on Malaysian products and services or negative changes in any of these economies may cause an adverse impact in the Malaysian economy. Certain Asian economies experience over-extension of credit, currency devaluations and restrictions, rising unemployment, high inflation, decreased exports and economic recessions. Economic events in any one country can have a significant effect on the entire Asian region as well as on major trading partners outside Asia and any adverse event in the Asian markets may have a significant adverse effect on the Malaysian economy. The United States is a significant trading and investment partner of Malaysia. A decrease in U.S. imports, new trade regulations, changes in the U.S. dollar exchange rates or a recession in the U.S. may have an adverse impact on the Malaysian economy. These and other factors could have a negative impact on a Funds performance.
Investments in Mexico. The Emerging Currency Fund may invest in short-term money market securities denominated in Mexican pesos and/or investments designed to provide exposure to Mexican pesos and money market rates. The Emerging Markets Local Debt Fund may invest in short-term money market and fixed income securities issued by the Mexican government and/or corporations domiciled in Mexico. The Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund may invest in debt securities issued by corporate entities that are domiciled in, or economically tied to, Mexico and, to a limited extent, debt securities of the Mexican government and debt securities linked to inflation rates in Mexico. The Global Real Return Fund may invest in fixed income securities and other instruments linked to inflation rates issued by governments, government instrumentalities, government-sponsored enterprises and supranational organizations and/or debt securities issued by corporations in Mexico. Investing in Mexico involves certain considerations not typically associated with investing in securities of U.S. companies or the U.S. government. The Mexican economy may be significantly affected by the economies of other Central and South American countries. High interest, inflation, and unemployment rates characterize the economies in some Central and South American countries. Currency devaluations in any Central and South American country can have a significant effect on the entire region. Because commodities such as oil and gas, minerals, and metals represent a significant percentage of the regions exports, the economies of Central and South American countries are particularly sensitive to fluctuations in commodity prices. As a result, the economies in many Central and South American countries can experience significant volatility. The United States is Mexicos largest trade and investment partner and the Mexican economy is significantly affected by developments in the U.S. economy. Since the implementation of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) in 1994 among Canada, the U.S. and Mexico, total two-way merchandise trade between the United States and Mexico has increased. To further this relationship, the three NAFTA countries entered into The Security and Prosperity Partnership of North America in March 2005, which may further affect Mexicos dependency on the U.S. economy. Any downturn in U.S. or Canadian economic activity is likely to have an adverse impact on the Mexican economy. Mexico has begun a process of privatization of certain entities and industries. Historically, investors in some newly privatized entities have suffered losses due to the inability of the newly privatized companies to adjust quickly to a competitive environment or to changing regulatory and legal standards. There is no assurance that such losses will not recur. Mexico has historically experienced acts of violence, terrorism, significant criminal activity and strained international relations related to border disputes, historical animosities, the drug trade and other defense concerns. These situations may cause uncertainty in the Mexican market and adversely affect the performance of the Mexican economy.
Certain political and currency instability risks have contributed to a high level of price volatility in the Mexican equity and currency markets and could adversely affect investments in the Funds. Mexico has been destabilized by local insurrections and social upheavals in certain regions, particularly the State of Chiapas. Recurrence of these conditions may adversely impact the Mexican economy. Some of the governments challenges include the upgrade of infrastructure, the modernization of the tax system and labor laws, and the reduction of income inequality. In addition, Mexico has had one political party dominating government until the elections of 2000. Recently, Mexican elections have been contentious and have been very closely decided. Changes in political parties or other Mexican political events may affect the economy and cause instability. Mexico has, in recent history, experienced substantial economic instability resulting from, among other things, periods of very high inflation and significant devaluations of the Mexican currency, the peso. These and other factors could have a negative impact on a Funds performance.
Investments in New Zealand. The Australia & New Zealand Debt Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing in short-term money market securities denominated in New Zealand dollars and/or investments designed to provide exposure to New Zealand currency and money market rates. The Asia Local Debt Fund and Commodity Currency Fund each may also acquire such investments to a lesser extent as part of its overall investment strategies. Investing in New Zealand involves certain considerations not typically associated with investing in securities of U.S. companies or the U.S. government. New Zealand is generally considered to be a developed market, and investments in New Zealand generally do not have risks associated with them that are present with investments in developing or emerging markets. The health of the economy is strongly tied to commodity exports and has historically been vulnerable to global slowdowns. New Zealand is a country heavily dependent on free trade, particularly in agricultural products. This makes New Zealand particularly vulnerable to international commodity prices and global economic slowdowns. Its principal export industries are agriculture, horticulture, fishing and forestry. These and other factors could have a negative impact on a Funds performance.
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Investments in Norway. The Commodity Currency Fund may invest in very short-term money market securities denominated in Norwegian kroner and/or investments designed to provide exposure to Norwegian kroner and money market rates. The Norwegian economy is an example of a mixed economy, a prosperous capitalist welfare state featuring a combination of free market activity and large state ownership in certain key sectors. The state has large ownership positions in key industrial sectors, such as the strategic petroleum sector (Statoil), hydroelectric energy production (Statkraft), aluminum production (Norsk Hydro), the largest Norwegian bank (DnB NOR), and telecommunications provider (Telenor). Through these big companies, the government controls approximately 30% of the stock values at the Oslo Stock Exchange. The Norwegian economy is dependent on the economies of Europe as key trading partners. The EMU requires compliance with restrictions on inflation rates, deficits, interest rates, debt levels and fiscal and monetary controls, each of which may significantly affect every country in Europe. Decreasing imports or exports, changes in governmental regulations on trade, changes in the exchange rate of the euro and recessions in EU economies may have a significant adverse effect on the economies of EU members and their trading partners. The Norwegian economy is dependent on the export of natural resources and natural resource products, and any negative changes in these sectors could have an adverse impact on the Norwegian economy. Norway has an extensive social welfare system and a highly unionized workforce. These conditions may result in increased production costs and higher governmental spending and may stifle Norwegian economic growth or cause prolonged periods of recession. These and other factors could have a negative impact on a Funds performance.
Investments in Peru. The Commodity Currency Fund and the Emerging Currency Fund may invest in short-term money market securities, and the Emerging Markets Local Debt Fund may invest in short-term money market and fixed income securities, issued by the Peruvian government and/or corporations domiciled in Peru. The Peruvian economy is subject to risks of social unrest, high unemployment, governmental control and heavy regulation of the labor industry. Historically, Peru has experienced periods of political instability and certain sectors and regions of Peru have experienced high unemployment. Any recurrence of these events may cause downturns in the Peruvian market and adversely impact investments in the Fund. Heavy regulation of labor and product markets is pervasive in Peru and may stifle Peruvian economic growth or contribute to prolonged periods of recession. The Peruvian economy is affected by the economies of other Central and South American countries, some of which have experienced high interest rates, economic volatility, inflation, currency devaluations and high unemployment rates. Any adverse economic event in one country can have a significant effect on other countries of this region. In addition, commodities (such as oil, gas and minerals) represent a significant percentage of the regions exports, and many economies in this region, including Perus, are particularly sensitive to fluctuations in commodity prices. Perus main exports are copper, gold, zinc, textiles, and fish meal; its major trade partners are the United States, China, Brazil, and Chile. These and other factors could have a negative impact on a Funds performance.
Investments in the Philippines. The Emerging Currency Fund may invest in short-term money market securities, and the Emerging Markets Local Debt Fund may invest in short-term money market and fixed income securities, issued by the Philippine government and/or corporations domiciled in the Philippines. The Asia Local Debt Fund may invest in fixed income and money market securities issued by the Philippine government and/or corporations economically tied to the Philippines. The Philippines economy is heavily dependent on exports and subject to high interest rates, economic volatility, inflation, currency devaluations, high unemployment rates and high level of debt and public spending. As an emerging country, the Philippines economy is susceptible to economic, political and social instability; unanticipated economic, political or social developments could impact economic growth. The Philippines is subject to natural disaster risk. These and other factors could have a negative impact on a Funds performance.
Investments in Poland. The Emerging Currency Fund may invest in short-term money market securities, and the Emerging Markets Local Debt Fund may invest in short-term money market and fixed income securities, issued by the Polish government and/or corporations domiciled in Poland. Poland is considered to have one of the healthiest economies of the post-communist countries and is currently one of the fastest growing countries within the EU. Since the fall of the communist government, Poland has steadfastly pursued a policy of liberalizing the economy and today stands out as a successful example of the transition from a centrally planned economy to a primarily capitalistic market economy. Poland is the only member of the European Union to have avoided a decline in GDP during the late 2000s recession. In 2009 Poland had the greatest GDP growth in the EU. As of November 2009 the Polish economy had not entered the global recession of the late 2000s nor had it even contracted. Investment in securities of Polish issuers involves risks not typically associated with investments in securities of issuers in developed countries. Such heightened risks include, among others, a relatively short history of democracy, expropriation and/or nationalization of assets, confiscatory taxation, less publicly available financial and other information, and potential difficulties in enforcing contractual obligations. In addition, Poland faces many economic development problems, including high unemployment, inadequate infrastructure, endemic corruption, poverty, and intensifying global competition from neighboring countries.
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The securities market of Poland is considered an emerging market characterized by a small number of listed companies and a relatively illiquid secondary trading market, particularly for corporate bonds. These factors, coupled with restrictions on foreign investment and other factors, limit the supply of securities available for investment by the Fund. This will affect the rate at which the Fund is able to invest in Poland, the purchase and sale prices for such securities and the timing of purchases and sales. The government in Poland may also restrict or control to varying degrees the ability of foreign investors to invest in securities of issuers located or operating in Poland. Moreover, governmental approval or special licenses prior to investments by foreign investors may be required and may limit the amount of investments by foreign investors in a particular industry and/or issuer.
The government of Poland may also withdraw or decline to renew a license that enables the Fund to invest in Poland. Any one of these factors could cause a decline in the value of the Fund.
The Polish government may exercise substantial influence over many aspects of the private sector and may own or control many companies. Future government actions could have a significant effect on the economic conditions in Poland, which could have a negative impact on private sector companies. There is also the possibility of diplomatic developments that could adversely affect investments in Poland. The market for Polish securities is directly influenced by the flow of international capital and economic and market conditions of certain countries, especially emerging market countries in Eastern Europe. Adverse economic conditions or developments in other emerging market countries have at times significantly affected the availability of credit in the Polish economy and resulted in considerable outflows of funds and declines in the amount of foreign currency invested in Poland. These and other factors could have a negative impact on a Funds performance.
Investments in Russia. The Commodity Currency Fund and the Emerging Currency Fund may invest in short-term money market securities denominated in Russian rubles and/or investments designed to provide exposure to Russian rubles and money market rates. The Emerging Markets Local Debt Fund may invest in money market and fixed income securities issued by the Russian government and/or corporations domiciled in Russia. The Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund may invest in debt securities issued by corporate entities that are domiciled in, or economically tied to, Russia and, to a limited extent, debt securities of the Russian government and debt securities linked to inflation rates in Russia. Investments in Russia involve special considerations not typically associated with investing in countries with more established economies or currency markets. On an ongoing basis, Russias government has been faced with the daunting task of stabilizing its domestic economy, while transforming it into a modern and efficient structure able to compete in international markets and respond to the needs of its citizens. However, to date, many of the countrys economic reform initiatives have floundered as the proceeds of IMF and other economic assistance have been squandered or stolen. Instability, geopolitical tensions, poor accounting standards, inept management, pervasive corruption, insider trading and crime, and inadequate regulatory protection for the rights of investors all pose a significant risk, particularly to foreign investors. Compared to most national stock markets, the Russian securities market suffers from a variety of problems not encountered in more developed markets, which, among other things, may make obtaining accurate prices on portfolio securities more difficult than in more developed markets. Because of the recent formation of the Russian securities market as well as the underdeveloped state of the banking and telecommunications systems, settlement, clearing and registration of securities transactions are subject to significant risks. The Russian economy is heavily dependent upon the export of a range of commodities including most industrial metals, forestry products, oil, and gas. Accordingly, it is strongly affected by international commodity prices and is particularly vulnerable to any weakening in global demand for these products. As the current global economic crisis causes the commodity prices, especially the price of oil, to tumble, many sectors in the Russian economy have fallen into turmoil, threatening to push the whole economy into significant slowdown and even recession. Foreign investors also face a high degree of currency risk when investing in Russian securities and a lack of available currency hedging instruments. There is the risk the government may impose capital controls on foreign portfolio investments in the event of extreme financial or political crisis. Such capital controls would prevent the sale of a portfolio of foreign assets and the repatriation of investment income and capital. Such risks have led to heightened scrutiny of Russian liquidity conditions, which in turn creates a heightened risk of the repatriation of ruble assets by nervous foreign investors. The current economic turmoil in Russia and the effects of the current global economic crisis on the Russian economy can cause flight from the Russian ruble into United States dollars and other currencies and can force the Russian central bank to spend reserves to maintain the value of the ruble. If the Russian central bank falters in its defense of the ruble, there could be additional pressure on Russias banks and its currency. These and other factors could have a negative impact on a Funds performance.
Investments in Singapore. The Asia Local Debt Fund may invest in fixed income securities issued by the government and/or corporations economically tied to Singapore. The economy of Singapore is heavily dependent on international trade and export. Conditions that weaken demand for such products worldwide or in the Asian region could have a negative and significant impact on the Singaporean economy as a whole. In addition, the economy of Singapore may be particularly vulnerable to external market changes because of its smaller size. These and other factors could have a negative impact on the Funds performance.
Investments in South Africa. The Emerging Currency Fund and the Commodity Currency Fund may invest in short-term money market securities denominated in South African rand and/or investments designed to provide exposure to South African currency and money market rates as part of their overall investment strategies. The Emerging Markets Local Debt Fund may invest in fixed income and money market securities issued by the South African government and/or corporations domiciled in South Africa. The Global Real Return Fund may invest in fixed income securities and other instruments linked to inflation rates issued by governments, government instrumentalities, government-sponsored enterprises and supranational organizations and/or debt securities issued by corporations in South Africa. Investing in South Africa involves special considerations not typically associated with investing in countries with more established economies or currency markets. Although South Africa is a developing country with a solid economic infrastructure (in some regards rivaling other developed countries), certain issues, such as unemployment, access to health care, limited economic opportunity, and other financial constraints, continue to present obstacles to full economic development. Disparities of wealth, the pace and success of democratization and capital market development and religious and racial disaffection have also led to social and political unrest. South Africas currency has recently fluctuated significantly and may be vulnerable to significant devaluation. There can be no assurance that initiatives by the government to address these issues will achieve the desired results. These and other factors could have a negative impact on the Funds performance and increase the volatility of an investment in the Fund.
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Investments in South Korea. The Emerging Currency Fund may invest in short-term money market securities, and the Emerging Markets Local Debt Fund may invest in short-term money market and fixed income securities, and the Asia Local Debt Fund may be invested in fixed income securities issued by the South Korean government and/or corporations domiciled in South Korea. The economy of South Korea is heavily dependent on exports and the demand for certain finished goods. South Koreas main industries include electronics, automobile production, chemicals, shipbuilding, steel, textiles, clothing, footwear, and food processing. Conditions that weaken demand for such products worldwide or in other Asian countries could have a negative impact on the South Korean economy as a whole. Relations with North Korea could also have a significant impact on the economy of South Korea. These and other factors could have a negative impact on a Funds performance.
Investments in Taiwan. The Emerging Currency Fund may invest in short-term securities and instruments designed to provide exposure to the currency and money market rates of Taiwan. The Asia Local Debt Fund may invest in fixed income and money market securities issued by the government and/or corporations economically tied to Taiwan. Certain Asian economies have experienced over-extension of credit, currency devaluations and restrictions, high unemployment, high inflation, decreased exports and economic recessions. Economic events in any one country can have a significant economic effect on the entire Asian region as well as on major trading partners outside Asia, and any adverse event in the Asian markets may have a significant adverse effect on the economy in Taiwan.
Investments in Thailand. The Emerging Currency Fund may invest in short-term money market securities, and the Emerging Markets Local Debt Fund may invest in short-term money market and fixed income securities, issued by the Thai government and/or corporations domiciled in Thailand. The Asia Local Debt Fund may invest in fixed income and money market securities issued by the Thai government and/or corporations economically tied to Thailand. The Thai economy is dependent on commodity prices and trade with the economies of Asia, Europe and the United States. Reduction in spending by these economies on Thai products and services or negative changes in any of these economies may cause an adverse impact on the Thai economy. Certain Asian economies have experienced over-extension of credit, currency devaluations and restrictions, high unemployment, high inflation, decreased exports and economic recessions. Economic events in any one country can have a significant economic effect on the entire Asian region as well as on major trading partners outside Asia, and any adverse event in the Asian markets may have a significant adverse effect on the Thai economy. The United States is Thailands largest export market and third largest supplier, after Japan and China. Decreasing U.S. imports, new trade regulations, changes in the U.S. dollar exchange rates or a recession in the United States may have an adverse impact on the Thai economy.
Thailand has historically experienced acts of terrorism and strained international relations related to border disputes, historical animosities and other defense concerns. These situations may cause uncertainty in the Thai market and adversely affect the Thai economy. Economic and political instability have contributed to high price volatility in the Thai equity and currency markets, which could affect investments in the Fund.
The Thai economy has experienced periods of substantial inflation, currency devaluations and economic recessions, any of which may have a negative effect on the Thai economy and securities markets. Thailand has at times been destabilized by frequent government turnover and significant political changes, including military coups. Recurrence of these conditions, unanticipated or sudden changes in the political structure or other Thai political events may result in sudden and significant investment losses. These and other factors could have a negative impact on a Funds performance.
Investments in Turkey. The Emerging Currency Fund may invest in short-term money market securities, and the Emerging Markets Local Debt Fund may invest in short-term money market and fixed income securities, issued by the Turkish government and/or corporations domiciled in Turkey. The Global Real Return Fund may invest in fixed income securities and other instruments linked to inflation rates issued by governments, government instrumentalities, government-sponsored enterprises and supranational organizations and/or debt securities issued by corporations in Turkey. The Turkish economy is dependent on trade with certain key trading partners. Reduction in spending by these economies on Turkish products and services or negative changes in any of these economies may cause an adverse impact on the Turkish economy.
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Turkey has begun a process of privatization of certain entities and industries. Historically, investors in some newly privatized entities have suffered losses due to the inability of the newly privatized company to adjust quickly to a competitive environment or to changing regulatory and legal standards, or in some cases due to re-nationalization of such privatized entities. There is no assurance that such losses will not recur. The United States is a significant trading partner of and investor in Turkey. A decrease in U.S. imports, new trade regulations, changes in the U.S. dollar exchange rates or a recession in the U.S. may have an adverse impact on the Turkish economy.
Turkey has historically experienced acts of terrorism and strained international relations related to border disputes, historical animosities and other defense concerns. These situations may cause uncertainty in the Turkish market and adversely affect the performance of the Turkish economy.
Historically, Turkeys national politics have been unpredictable and subject to influence by the military, and its government may be subject to sudden change. Disparities of wealth, the pace and success of democratization and capital market development and religious and racial disaffection have also led to social and political unrest. Unanticipated or sudden political or social developments may result in sudden and significant investment losses. Turkey has experienced periods of substantial inflation, currency devaluations and severe economic recessions, any of which may have a negative effect on the Turkish economy and securities market. Turkey has experienced a high level of debt and public spending, which may stifle Turkish economic growth, contribute to prolonged periods of recession or lower Turkeys sovereign debt rating. These and other factors could have a negative impact on a Funds performance.
SECURITIES LENDING. Each Alternative Fund may lend portfolio securities to certain creditworthy borrowers, including the Funds securities lending agent. Loans of portfolio securities provide the Fund with the opportunity to earn additional income on the Funds portfolio securities. All securities loans will be made pursuant to agreements requiring the loans to be continuously secured by collateral in cash, money market instruments, money market funds, or other non-cash collateral at least equal at all times to the market value of the loaned securities. The borrower pays to the Fund an amount equal to any dividends or interest received on loaned securities. The Fund retains all or a portion of the interest received on investment of cash collateral or receives a fee from the borrower. Lending portfolio securities involves risks of delay in recovery of the loaned securities or in some cases loss of rights in the collateral should the borrower fail financially. Furthermore, because of the risks of delay in recovery, the Fund may lose the opportunity to sell the securities at a desirable price. The Fund will generally not have the right to vote securities while they are being loaned. Each Fund reserves the right to lend portfolio securities, though only the Alternative and Fixed Income Funds are likely to engage in securities lending.
FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS. The Board may, in the future, authorize each Fund to invest in securities contracts and investments other than those listed in this SAI and in each Funds Prospectus, provided they are consistent with each Funds investment objective and do not violate any fundamental investment restrictions or policies.
The Trust has adopted as its proxy voting policies for each Fund the proxy voting guidelines of each Funds respective Sub-Adviser. The Trust has delegated to each Funds Sub-Adviser the authority and responsibility for voting proxies on the portfolio securities held by each Fund. The remainder of this section discusses the proxy voting guidelines of each Fund and the respective roles of its Sub-Adviser in implementing such guidelines.
All Funds, except Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund. The Trust has adopted as its proxy voting policies for each Fund, except the Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund, the proxy voting guidelines of Mellon Capital. Mellon Capital, through its participation in The Bank of New York Mellon (BNY Mellon) Corporations Proxy Policy Committee (PPC), has adopted a Proxy Voting Policy, related procedures, and voting guidelines which are applied to those client accounts over which it has been delegated the authority to vote proxies. In voting proxies, Mellon Capital seeks to act solely in the best financial and economic interest of each client. Mellon Capital will carefully review proposals that would limit shareholder control or could affect the value of a clients investment. It will generally oppose proposals designed to insulate an issuers management unnecessarily from the wishes of a majority of shareholders. It will generally support proposals designed to provide management with short-term insulation from outside influences so as to enable management to negotiate effectively and otherwise achieve long-term goals. On questions of social responsibility where economic performance does not appear to be an issue, Mellon Capital will attempt to ensure that management reasonably responds to the social issues. Responsiveness will be measured by managements efforts to address the proposal including, where appropriate, assessment of the implications of the proposal to the ongoing operations of the company. The PPC will pay particular attention to repeat issues where management has failed in its commitment in the intervening period to take action on issues. Mellon Capital recognizes its duty to vote proxies in the best interests of its clients. Mellon Capital seeks to avoid material conflicts of interest through its participation in the PPC, which applies detailed, pre-determined proxy voting guidelines (the Voting Guidelines) in an objective and consistent manner across client accounts, based on internal and external research and recommendations provided by a third party vendor, and without consideration of any client relationship factors. Further, Mellon Capital and its affiliates engage a third party to vote all proxies for BNY Mellon securities and affiliated mutual fund securities.
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Proxy voting proposals are reviewed, categorized, analyzed and voted in accordance with the Voting Guidelines. These guidelines are reviewed periodically and updated as necessary to reflect new issues and any changes in our policies on specific issues. Items that can be categorized under the Voting Guidelines will be voted in accordance with any applicable guidelines or referred to the PPC, if the applicable guidelines so require. Proposals that cannot be categorized under the Voting Guidelines will be referred to the PPC for discussion and vote. Additionally, the PPC may review any proposal where it has identified a particular company, industry or issue for special scrutiny. With regard to voting proxies of foreign companies, Mellon Capital may weigh the cost of voting and potential inability to sell the securities (which may occur during the voting process) against the benefit of voting the proxies to determine whether or not to vote.
In evaluating proposals regarding incentive plans and restricted stock plans, the PPC typically employs a shareholder value transfer model. This model seeks to assess the amount of shareholder equity flowing out of the company to executives as options are exercised. After determining the cost of the plan, the PPC evaluates whether the cost is reasonable based on a number of factors, including industry classification and historical performance information. The PPC generally votes against proposals that permit the repricing or replacement of stock options without shareholder approval.
Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund. The Trust has adopted as its proxy voting policies for the Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund the proxy voting guidelines of one of the Funds Sub-Advisers, Western Asset Management. Western Asset Management has adopted a Proxy Voting Policy, related procedures, and voting guidelines which are applied to those client accounts over which it has been delegated the authority to vote proxies. In voting proxies, Western Asset Management seeks to act in the best interest of its clients and in accordance with its fiduciary duties. Specific votes depend on the particular facts and circumstances of each proxy vote. Western Asset Management generally votes in support of decisions reached by independent boards of directors. The policy establishes additional guidance to promote independence, alignment of compensation with long-term performance, and prudent fiscal management with respect to votes on specific matters, such as individual board elections, executive compensation, and capitalization. As a practical matter, as a fixed income manager, Western Asset Management rarely has the occasion to vote proxies.
All Funds. A complete copy of each Funds Proxy Voting Policy may be obtained by calling 1-866-909-9473 or by writing to: WisdomTree Trust, c/o ALPS Distributors, Inc., 1290 Broadway, Suite 1100, Denver, Colorado 80203.
The Trust is required to disclose annually each Funds complete proxy voting record on Form N-PX covering the period from July 1 of one year through June 30 of the next year and to file Form N-PX with the SEC no later than August 31 of each year. The current Form N-PX for the Funds is available at no charge upon request by calling 1-866-909-9473. The Funds Form N-PX is also available on the SECs website at www.sec.gov.
PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS DISCLOSURE POLICY
The Trust has adopted a Portfolio Holdings Policy (the Policy) designed to govern the disclosure of Fund portfolio holdings and the use of material non-public information about Fund holdings. The Policy applies to all officers, employees, and agents of the Funds, including the Adviser and each Sub-Adviser (together, the Advisers). The Policy is designed to ensure that the disclosure of information about each Funds portfolio holdings is consistent with applicable legal requirements and otherwise in the best interest of each Fund.
The Funds are considered to be actively managed ETFs. As such, each Fund is required by the SEC to disclose on the Funds website at the start of each Business Day (defined below) the identities and quantities of the securities and other assets held by each Fund that will form the basis of the Funds calculation of its NAV on that Business Day. The portfolio holdings so disclosed will be based on information as of the close of business on the prior Business Day and/or trades that have been completed prior to the opening of business on that Business Day and that are expected to settle on that Business Day.
A Business Day with respect to each Fund is any day on which the Listing Exchange is open for business. As of the date of this SAI, the NYSE Arca observes the following holidays: New Years Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Presidents Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day.
As ETFs, information about each Funds portfolio holdings is made available on a daily basis in accordance with the provisions of any Order of the SEC applicable to the Funds, regulations of the Funds Listing Exchange and other applicable SEC regulations, orders and no-action relief. Such information typically reflects all or a portion of a Funds anticipated portfolio holdings as of the next Business Day. A Business Day with respect to the Fund is any day on which the Listing Exchange is open for business. This information is used in connection with the Creation and Redemption process and is disseminated on a daily basis through the facilities of the Listing Exchange, the National Securities Clearing Corporation (NSCC) and/or third-party service providers.
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Each Fund may disclose on the Funds website at the start of each Business Day the identities and quantities of the securities and other assets held by the Fund that will form the basis of the Funds calculation of its NAV on that Business Day. The portfolio holdings so disclosed will be based on the information as of the close of business on the prior Business Day and/or trades that have been completed prior to the opening of business on that Business Day and that are expected to settle on that Business Day.
Daily access to each Funds portfolio holdings with no lag time is permitted to personnel of the Advisers, the Funds Distributor and the Funds administrator, custodian and accountant and other agents or service providers of the Trust who have need of such information in connection with the ordinary course of their respective duties to the Funds. The Funds Chief Compliance Officer may authorize disclosure of portfolio holdings.
Each Fund may disclose its complete portfolio holdings or a portion of its portfolio holdings online at www.wisdomtree.com. Online disclosure of such holdings is publicly available at no charge.
Each Fund will disclose its complete portfolio holdings schedule in public filings with the SEC on a quarterly basis, based on the Funds fiscal year, within sixty (60) days of the end of the quarter, and will provide that information to shareholders, as required by federal securities laws and regulations thereunder.
No person is authorized to disclose a Funds portfolio holdings or other investment positions except in accordance with the Policy. The Trusts Board reviews the implementation of the Policy on a periodic basis.
The following fundamental investment policies and limitations supplement those set forth in each Funds Prospectus. Unless otherwise noted, whenever a fundamental investment policy or limitation states a maximum percentage of a Funds assets that may be invested in any security or other asset, or sets forth a policy regarding quality standards, such standard or percentage limitation will be determined immediately after and as a result of the Funds acquisition of such security or other asset. Accordingly, other than with respect to a Funds limitations on borrowings, any subsequent change in values, net assets, or other circumstances will not be considered when determining whether the investment complies with the Funds investment policies and limitations.
Each Funds fundamental investment policies cannot be changed without the approval of the holders of a majority of that Funds outstanding voting securities as defined under the 1940 Act. Each Fund, however, may change the non-fundamental investment policies described below and its investment objective without a shareholder vote, provided that it obtains Board approval and notifies its shareholders with at least sixty (60) days prior written notice of any such change.
Fundamental Policies. The following investment policies and limitations are fundamental and may NOT be changed without shareholder approval.
Each Fund, as a fundamental investment policy, may not:
Senior Securities
Issue senior securities, except as permitted under the 1940 Act.
Borrowing
Borrow money, except as permitted under the 1940 Act.
Underwriting
Act as an underwriter of another issuers securities, except to the extent that each Fund may be considered an underwriter within the meaning of the Securities Act in the disposition of portfolio securities.
Concentration
All Funds except Commodity Currency Fund, Emerging Markets Local Debt Fund, Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund, Asia Local Debt Fund and Alternative Funds:
Purchase the securities of any issuer (other than securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government or any of its agencies or instrumentalities) if, as a result, more than 25% of the Funds total assets would be invested in the securities of companies whose principal business activities are in the same industry.
Commodity Currency Fund, Emerging Markets Local Debt Fund, Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund, Asia Local Debt Fund and Alternative Funds only:
Purchase the securities of any issuer (other than securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government, or any non-U.S. government, or their respective agencies or instrumentalities) if, as a result, more than 25% of the Funds total assets would be invested in the securities of companies whose principal business activities are in the same industry. For these purposes, the components of the Managed Futures Strategy Funds Benchmark (e.g., gold, silver, natural gas) are considered to be separate industries.
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Real Estate
Purchase or sell real estate unless acquired as a result of ownership of securities or other instruments (but this shall not prevent the Fund from investing in securities or other instruments backed by real estate, real estate investment trusts or securities of companies engaged in the real estate business).
Commodities
Purchase or sell physical commodities unless acquired as a result of ownership of securities or other instruments (but this shall not prevent each Fund from purchasing or selling options and futures contracts or from investing in securities or other instruments backed by physical commodities).
Loans
Lend any security or make any other loan except as permitted under the 1940 Act. This means that no more than 33 1/3% of its total assets would be lent to other parties. This limitation does not apply to purchases of debt securities or to repurchase agreements, or to acquisitions of loans, loan participations or other forms of debt instruments, permissible under each Funds investment policies.
Non-Fundamental Policies. The following investment policy is not fundamental and may be changed without shareholder approval. Prior to any change in a Funds 80% policy, the Fund will provide shareholders with 60 days notice.
All Funds except Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund, Emerging Markets Local Debt Fund and Asia Local Debt Fund:
Each Fund has adopted a non-fundamental investment policy to invest, under normal circumstances, at least 80% of the value of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in investments that are tied economically to the particular country or geographic region suggested by the Funds name, including certain derivatives described herein and in the Funds Prospectus.
Asia Local Debt Fund only:
Under normal circumstances, the Fund will invest at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in Local Debt. For these purposes, Local Debt includes fixed income securities, such as bonds, notes or other debt obligations, denominated in local currencies of countries in Asia, as well as certain derivatives and other instruments described herein and in the Funds Prospectus.
Australia & New Zealand Debt Fund only:
Under normal circumstances, the Fund will invest at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in Debt Securities. For these purposes, Debt Securities include fixed income securities, such as bonds, notes or other debt obligations, denominated in Australian or New Zealand dollars, as well as certain derivatives and other instruments described herein and in the Funds Prospectus.
Euro Debt Fund only:
Under normal circumstances, the Fund will invest at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in Debt Securities. For these purposes, Debt Securities consist of fixed income securities, such as bonds, notes or other debt obligations, denominated in euros, as well as certain derivatives and other instruments described herein and in the Funds Prospectus.
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Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund only:
Under normal circumstances, the Fund will invest at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in Corporate Debt. For these purposes, Corporate Debt includes fixed income securities, such as bonds, notes, money market securities and other debt obligations of emerging market issuers, as well as other instruments described herein and in the Funds Prospectus.
Emerging Markets Local Debt Fund only:
Under normal circumstances, the Fund will invest at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in Local Debt. For these purposes, Local Debt includes fixed income securities, such as bonds, notes or other debt obligations, denominated in local currencies of emerging market countries, as well as other instruments described herein and in the Funds Prospectus.
Managed Futures Strategy Fund only:
Under normal circumstances, the Fund will invest at least 80% of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in managed futures. For these purposes, managed futures are investments in commodity and currency-linked instruments, as well as U.S. government securities and money market instruments, that taken together have economic characteristics similar or equivalent to those of listed commodity, currency and financial futures contracts described herein and in the Funds Prospectus.
If, subsequent to an investment, the 80% requirement for a Fund is no longer met, the Funds future investments will be made in a manner that will bring the Fund into compliance with this policy.
The method by which Creation Unit Aggregations of shares are created and traded may raise certain issues under applicable securities laws. Because new Creation Unit Aggregations of shares are issued and sold by the Funds on an ongoing basis, at any point a distribution, as such term is used in the Securities Act, may occur. Broker-dealers and other persons are cautioned that some activities on their part may, depending on the circumstances, result in their being deemed participants in a distribution in a manner which could render them statutory underwriters and subject them to the prospectus delivery requirement and liability provisions of the Securities Act.
For example, a broker-dealer firm or its client may be deemed a statutory underwriter if it takes Creation Unit Aggregations after placing an order with the Funds Distributor, breaks them down into constituent shares, and sells such shares directly to customers, or if it chooses to couple the creation of a supply of new shares with an active selling effort involving solicitation of secondary market demand for shares. A determination of whether one is an underwriter for purposes of the Securities Act must take into account all the facts and circumstances pertaining to the activities of the broker-dealer or its client in the particular case, and the examples mentioned above should not be considered a complete description of all the activities that could lead to a categorization as an underwriter.
Broker-dealer firms should also note that dealers who are not underwriters but are effecting transactions in shares, whether or not participating in the distribution of shares, generally are required to deliver a prospectus. This is because the prospectus delivery exemption in Section 4(3) of the Securities Act is not available in respect of such transactions as a result of Section 24(d) of the 1940 Act. Firms that incur a prospectus delivery obligation with respect to shares of the Funds are reminded that, pursuant to Rule 153 under the Securities Act, a prospectus delivery obligation under Section 5(b)(2) of the Securities Act owed to an exchange member in connection with the sale on the Listing Exchange is satisfied by the fact that the prospectus is available at the Listing Exchange upon request. The prospectus delivery mechanism provided in Rule 153 is only available with respect to transactions on an exchange.
Board Responsibilities. The Board of Trustees is responsible for overseeing the management and affairs of the Funds and the Trust. The Board has considered and approved contracts, as described herein, under which certain companies provide essential management and administrative services to the Trust. Like most ETFs, the day-to-day business of the Trust, including the day-to-day management of risk, is performed by third-party service providers, such as the Adviser, Sub-Advisers, Distributor and Administrator. The Board is responsible for overseeing the Trusts service providers and, thus, has oversight responsibility with respect to the risk management performed by those service providers. Risk management seeks to identify and eliminate or mitigate the potential effects of risks, i.e., events or circumstances that could have material adverse effects on the business, operations, shareholder services, investment performance or reputation of the Trust or Funds. Under the overall supervision of the Board and the Audit Committee (discussed in more detail below), the service providers to the Funds employ a variety of processes, procedures and controls to identify risks relevant to the operations of the Trust and the Funds to lessen the probability of their occurrence and/or to mitigate the effects of such events or circumstances if they do occur. Each service provider is responsible for one or more discrete aspects of the Trusts business (e.g., the Sub-Advisers are responsible for the day-to-day management of the Funds portfolio investments) and, consequently, for managing the risks associated with that activity.
The Boards role in risk management oversight begins before the inception of a Fund, at which time the Funds Adviser presents the Board with information concerning the investment objectives, strategies and risks of the Fund. Additionally, the Funds Adviser and Sub-Adviser provide the Board with an overview of, among other things, its investment philosophy, brokerage practices and compliance infrastructure. Thereafter, the Board oversees the risk management of the Funds operations, in part, by requesting periodic reports from and otherwise communicating with various personnel of the Fund and its service providers, including the Trusts Chief Compliance Officer and the Funds independent accountants. The Board and, with respect to identified risks that relate to its scope of expertise, the Audit Committee, oversee efforts by management and service providers to manage risks to which the Fund may be exposed.
40
The Board is responsible for overseeing the nature, extent and quality of the services provided to the Funds by the Adviser and Sub-Advisers and receives information about those services at its regular meetings. In addition, on at least an annual basis, in connection with its consideration of whether to renew any Advisory Agreements and Sub-Advisory Agreements with the Adviser and Sub-Advisers, respectively, the Board meets with the Adviser and Sub-Adviser to review such services. Among other things, the Board regularly considers the Advisers and Sub-Advisers adherence to each Funds investment restrictions and compliance with various Fund policies and procedures and with applicable securities regulations. The Board also reviews information about each Funds performance and investments.
The Trusts Chief Compliance Officer meets regularly with the Board to review and discuss compliance and other issues. At least annually, the Trusts Chief Compliance Officer provides the Board with a report reviewing the adequacy and effectiveness of the Trusts policies and procedures and those of its service providers, including the Adviser and Sub-Advisers. The report addresses the operation of the policies and procedures of the Trust and each service provider since the date of the last report; material changes to the policies and procedures since the date of the last report; any recommendations for material changes to the policies and procedures; and material compliance matters since the date of the last report.
The Board receives reports from the Trusts service providers regarding operational risks, portfolio valuation and other matters. Annually, the independent registered public accounting firm reviews with the Audit Committee its audit of the Trusts financial statements, focusing on major areas of risk encountered by the Trust and noting any significant deficiencies or material weaknesses in the Trusts internal controls.
The Board recognizes that not all risks that may affect the Funds can be identified, that it may not be practical or cost-effective to eliminate or mitigate certain risks, that it may be necessary to bear certain risks (such as investment-related risks) to achieve each Funds goals, and that the processes, procedures and controls employed to address certain risks may be limited in their effectiveness. Moreover, despite the periodic reports the Board receives and the Boards discussions with the service providers to the Funds, it may not be made aware of all of the relevant information of a particular risk. Most of the Trusts investment management and business affairs are carried out by or through the Funds Adviser, Sub-Advisers and other service providers, each of which has an independent interest in risk management but whose policies and methods by which one or more risk management functions are carried out may differ from the Trusts and each others in the setting of priorities, the resources available or the effectiveness of relevant controls. As a result of the foregoing and other factors, the Boards risk management oversight is subject to substantial limitations.
Members of the Board and Officers of the Trust. Set forth below are the names, birth years, positions with the Trust, terms of office, and principal occupations and other directorships for a minimum of the last five years of the persons currently serving as members of the Board and as Executive Officers of the Trust. Also included below is the term of office for each of the Executive Officers of the Trust. The members of the Board serve as Trustees for the life of the Trust or until retirement or removal, or if their office is terminated pursuant to the Trusts Declaration of Trust.
The Chairman of the Board of Trustees, Victor Ugolyn, is not an interested person of the Funds as that term is defined in the 1940 Act. The Board of Trustees is comprised of a super-majority (75%) of trustees who are not interested persons of the Funds (i.e., independent trustees). There is an Audit Committee and a Governance and Nominating Committee of the Board, each of which is chaired by an independent trustee and comprised solely of independent trustees. The Committee chair for each is responsible for running the Committee meeting, formulating agendas for those meetings, and coordinating with management to serve as a liaison between the independent trustees and management on matters within the scope of the responsibilities of the Committee as set forth in its Board-approved charter. The Funds have determined that this leadership structure is appropriate given the specific characteristics and circumstances of the Funds. The Funds made this determination in consideration of, among other things, the fact that the independent trustees of the Funds constitute a super-majority of the Board, the assets under management of the Funds, the number of Funds overseen by the Board, the total number of trustees on the Board, and the fact that an independent trustee serves as Chairman of the Board.
The address of each Trustee and Officer is c/o WisdomTree Asset Management, Inc., 380 Madison Avenue, 21st Floor, New York, New York 10017.
41
Name, Address and Year of Birth |
Position(s) Held with the Trust, Term of Office and Length of Time Served |
Principal Occupation(s) During Past 5 Years |
Number of Portfolios in Fund Complex Overseen by Trustee/ Officer+ |
Other Directorships Held by Trustee During Past 5 Years | ||||
Trustees Who Are Interested Persons of the Trust | ||||||||
Jonathan Steinberg (1964) |
Trustee, 2005 present; President, 2005 present |
President, WisdomTree Trust since 2005; Chief Executive Officer of WisdomTree Investments, Inc. and WisdomTree Asset Management, Inc. | 46 | Director, WisdomTree Investments, Inc. | ||||
Trustees Who Are Not Interested Persons of the Trust | ||||||||
Joel Goldberg (1945)* |
Trustee, 2012 present |
Attorney, Partner at Stroock & Stroock & Lavan LLP, March 2010 to present; Attorney, Partner at Willkie Farr & Gallagher LLP, 2006 to 2010. | 46 | None | ||||
Toni Massaro (1955)** |
Trustee, 2006 present |
Dean Emerita at the University of Arizona James E. Rogers College of Law (Rogers College of Law) since 2009 (distinguished Emerita in July 2009); Dean at the Rogers College of Law from 1999 to 2009; Regents Professor since 2006; Milton O. Riepe Chair in Constitutional Law since 1997; Professor at the Rogers College of Law since 1990. | 46 | None | ||||
Victor Ugolyn (1947) |
Trustee, 2006 present; Chairman of the Board
of 2006 present |
Private Investor, 2005 to present; President and Chief Executive Officer of William D. Witter, Inc. from 2005 to 2006; Consultant to AXA Enterprise in 2004; Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer of Enterprise Capital Management (subsidiary of The MONY Group, Inc.) and Enterprise Group of Funds, Chairman of MONY Securities Corporation, and Chairman of the Fund Board of Enterprise Group of Funds 1991 to 2004. | 46 | Member of the Board of Directors of New York Society of Security Analysts; Member of the Board of Governors of Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame | ||||
Officers of the Trust | ||||||||
Jonathan Steinberg*** (1964) |
Trustee, 2005 present; President, 2005 present |
President, WisdomTree Trust since 2005; Chief Executive Officer of WisdomTree Investments, Inc. and WisdomTree Asset Management, Inc. | 46 | Director, WisdomTree Investments, Inc. | ||||
Amit Muni*** (1969) |
Treasurer and Assistant Secretary, 2008 present |
Chief Financial Officer and Assistant Secretary of WisdomTree Investments, Inc. and WisdomTree Asset Management, Inc. since March 2008; International Securities Exchange Holdings, Inc. (ISE), Controller and Chief Accounting Officer from 2003 to 2008. | 46 | None | ||||
Sarah English*** (1977) |
Secretary, 2012 present |
Counsel, WisdomTree Asset Management, Inc. since August 2010; Attorney, NYFIX, Inc. 2006 to 2009. | 46 | None | ||||
Terry Jane Feld*** (1960) |
Chief Compliance Officer, 2012 present |
Chief Compliance Officer WisdomTree Asset Management, Inc. since 2012; Senior Compliance Officer, WisdomTree Asset Management, Inc. since October 2011; Senior Compliance Officer, TIAA-CREF, 2007 to 2010; Vice President/NASD-SEC Compliance, Mutual of America Life Insurance Co., 2004 to 2007. | 46 | None |
* | Chair of the Governance and Nominating Committee. |
** | Chair of the Audit Committee. |
*** | Elected by and serves at the pleasure of the Board. |
+ | As of December 28, 2012. |
42
Audit Committee. Each independent trustee, except Joel Goldberg, is a member of the Trusts Audit Committee (the Audit Committee). The principal responsibilities of the Audit Committee are the appointment, compensation and oversight of the Trusts independent auditors, including the resolution of disagreements regarding financial reporting between Trust management and such independent auditors. The Audit Committees responsibilities include, without limitation, to (i) oversee the accounting and financial reporting processes of the Trust and its internal control over financial reporting and, as the Committee deems appropriate, inquire into the internal control over financial reporting of certain third-party service providers; (ii) oversee the quality and integrity of the Funds financial statements and the independent audits thereof; (iii) oversee, or, as appropriate, assist Board oversight of, the Trusts compliance with legal and regulatory requirements that relate to the Trusts accounting and financial reporting, internal control over financial reporting and independent audits; (iv) approve prior to appointment the engagement of the Trusts independent auditors and, in connection therewith, review and evaluate the qualifications, independence and performance of the Trusts independent auditors; and (v) act as a liaison between the Trusts independent auditors and the full Board. The Board of the Trust has adopted a written charter for the Audit Committee. The independent trustees independent legal counsel assists the Audit Committee in connection with these duties. During the fiscal year ended August 31, 2012, the Audit Committee held six meetings.
Governance and Nominating Committee. Each independent trustee is also a member of the Trusts Governance and Nominating Committee. The principal responsibilities of the Governance and Nominating Committee are to (i) oversee Fund governance matters and (ii) identify individuals qualified to serve as independent trustees of the Trust and to recommend its nominees for consideration by the full Board. While the Governance and Nominating Committee is solely responsible for the selection and nomination of the Trusts independent trustees, it may consider nominations for the office of Trustee made by Trust stockholders as it deems appropriate. The Governance and Nominating Committee considers nominees recommended by shareholders if such nominees are submitted in accordance with Rule 14a-8 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the 1934 Act), in conjunction with a shareholder meeting to consider the election of Trustees. Trust stockholders who wish to recommend a nominee should send nominations to the Secretary of the Trust that include biographical information and set forth the qualifications of the proposed nominee. During the fiscal year ended August 31, 2012, the Governance and Nominating Committee held two meetings.
Individual Trustee Qualifications
The Trust has concluded that each of the Trustees should serve on the Board because of his or her ability to review and understand information about the Trust and the Funds provided by management, to identify and request other information he or she may deem relevant to the performance of the Trustees duties, to question management and other service providers regarding material factors bearing on the management and administration of the Funds, and to exercise his or her business judgment in a manner that serves the best interests of the Funds shareholders. The Trust has concluded that each of the Trustees should serve as a Trustee based on his or her own experience, qualifications, attributes and skills as described below.
43
The Trust has concluded that Mr. Steinberg should serve as trustee of the Funds because of the experience he has gained as president, chief executive officer, and director of WisdomTree Investments, his knowledge of and experience in the financial services industry, and the experience he has gained serving as trustee of the Trust since 2005.
The Trust has concluded that Mr. Goldberg should serve as Trustee of the Funds because of the experience he has gained as a member of the staff of the SEC, including serving as Director of the SECs Division of Investment Management, as well as his experience as legal counsel for many mutual funds, investment advisers, and independent directors.
The Trust has concluded that Ms. Massaro should serve as trustee of the Funds because of the experience she has gained as a law professor, dean and advisor at various universities, and the experience she has gained serving as trustee of the Trust since 2006.
The Trust has concluded that Mr. Ugolyn should serve as trustee of the Funds because of the experience he gained as chief executive officer of a firm specializing in financial services, his experience in and knowledge of the financial services industry, his service as chairman for another mutual fund family, and the experience he has gained serving as trustee of the Trust since 2006.
Fund Shares Owned by Board Members. The following table shows the dollar amount range of each Trustees beneficial ownership of shares of the Funds and each other series of the Trust as of the end of the most recently completed calendar year. Dollar amount ranges disclosed are established by the SEC. Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with Rule 16a-1(a)(2) under the 1934 Act. The Trustees and officers of the Trust own less than 1% of the outstanding shares of the Trust.
Name of Trustee |
Name of Fund |
Dollar Range of Equity Securities in the Funds |
Aggregate Dollar Range of Equity Securities in all Registered Investment Companies Overseen by Trustee in Family of Investment | |||
Interested Trustee | ||||||
Jonathan L. Steinberg |
Emerging Market Local Debt Fund | $1 $10,000 | Over $100,000 | |||
Global Equity Income Fund | $10,001 $50,000 | |||||
Emerging Markets Equity Income Fund | $50,001 $100,000 | |||||
Emerging Markets SmallCap Dividend Fund | $1 $10,000 | |||||
SmallCap Earnings Fund | $50,001 $100,000 | |||||
Independent Trustees | ||||||
Joel H. Goldberg* |
None | n/a | n/a | |||
Toni M. Massaro |
Managed Futures Strategy Fund |
$10,001 $50,000 |
Over $100,000 | |||
Emerging Currency Fund | $1 $10,000 | |||||
Equity Income Fund | $10,001 $50,000 |
|||||
LargeCap Growth Fund** | $1 $10,000 | |||||
LargeCap Dividend Fund | $10,001 $50,000 | |||||
Emerging Markets SmallCap Dividend Fund | $1 $10,000 | |||||
Victor Ugolyn |
LargeCap Dividend Fund | $10,001 $50,000 | $50,001 $100,000 | |||
International LargeCap Dividend Fund | $10,001 $50,000 |
* | Joel Goldberg was appointed to the Board on October 5, 2012. |
** | The LargeCap Growth Fund was liquidated on December 10, 2012. |
44
Board Compensation. The following table sets forth the compensation that was paid by the Trust to each Trustee for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2012.
Name of Trustee |
Aggregate Compensation from Trust |
Pension or Retirement Benefits Accrued as Part of Trusts Expenses |
Estimated Annual Benefit Upon Retirement |
Total Compensation from Fund Complex* |
||||||||||||
Interested Trustees | ||||||||||||||||
Jonathan L. Steinberg |
$ | 0 | None | None | $ | 0 | ||||||||||
Independent Trustees |
||||||||||||||||
Gregory E. Barton** |
$ | 150,333 | None | None | $ | 150,333 | ||||||||||
Joel Goldberg*** |
n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a | ||||||||||||
Toni M. Massaro |
$ | 150,333 | None | None | $ | 150,333 | ||||||||||
Victor Ugolyn |
$ | 205,000 | None | None | $ | 205,000 |
* | The Trust is the only trust in the Fund Complex. |
** | Gregory Barton resigned from the Board on October 5, 2012. |
*** | Joel Goldberg was appointed to the Board on October 5, 2012. |
45
Control Persons and Principal Holders of Securities.
Although the Trust does not have information concerning the beneficial ownership of shares held in the names of Depository Trust Company participants (DTC Participants), as of November 30, 2012, the name and percentage ownership of each DTC Participant that owned of record 5% or more of the outstanding shares of a Fund is set forth in the table below:
Fund Name |
Participant Name |
Percentage
of Ownership |
||||
WisdomTree Brazilian Real Fund | Charles Schwab & Co. Inc. Attn: Mimi OSullivan 2423 E. Lincoln Drive Phoenix, AZ 85016-1215 |
15.70% | ||||
Merrill Lynch, Pierce Fenner & Smith Attn: Veronica E. ONeill 101 Hudson Street 8th Floor Jersey City, NJ 07302 |
10.58% | |||||
National Financial Services, LLC Attn: Lew Trezza 200 Liberty Street New York, NY 10281 |
10.27% | |||||
TD Ameritrade Clearing, LLC Attn: Chad Johnson 1005 N. Ameritrade Place Bellevue, NE 68005 |
6.43% | |||||
Pershing LLC Securities Corporation Attn: Helen Bialer, VP 1 Pershing Plaza Jersey City, NJ 07399 |
6.26% | |||||
Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC Attn: David Safran, VP 2000 Westchester Ave. Purchase, NY 10577 |
5.64% | |||||
First Clearing, LLC Attn: Kristie Daniel, Manager One North Jefferson St. St. Louis, MO 63103 |
5.63% | |||||
J.P. Morgan Clearing Corp. Attn: Eric Oszutowicz 3 Metrotech Center Proxy Dept./NY1-H034 Brooklyn, NY 11245-0001 |
5.22% | |||||
WisdomTree Chinese Yuan Fund | Charles Schwab & Co. Inc. Attn: Mimi OSullivan 2423 E. Lincoln Drive Phoenix, AZ 85016-1215 |
14.55% | ||||
National Financial Services LLC Attn: Lew Trezza 200 Liberty Street New York, NY 10281 |
14.22% | |||||
Morgan Stanley & CO LLC Attn: Michelle Ford 901 South Bond Street Baltimore, MD 21231 |
14.01% | |||||
TD Ameritrade Clearing, LLC Attn: Chad Johnson 1005 N. Ameritrade Place Bellevue, NE 68005 |
6.60% | |||||
WisdomTree Commodity Currency Fund | Charles Schwab & Co. Inc. Attn: Mimi OSullivan 2423 E. Lincoln Drive Phoenix, AZ 85016-1215 |
14.79% | ||||
National Financial Services, LLC Attn: Lew Trezza 200 Liberty Street New York, NY 10281 |
12.47% | |||||
TD Ameritrade Clearing, LLC Attn: Chad Johnson 1005 N. Ameritrade Place Bellevue, NE 68005 |
7.78% | |||||
UBS Financial Services Inc. Attn: Jane Flood, VP 1200 Harbor Blvd. Weehawken, NJ 07086 |
5.41% | |||||
Merrill Lynch, Pierce Fenner & Smith Attn: Veronica E. ONeill 101 Hudson Street 8th Floor Jersey City, NJ 07302 |
5.27% | |||||
Pershing LLC Securities Corporation Attn: Helen Bialer, VP 1 Pershing Plaza Jersey City, NJ 07399 |
5.16% | |||||
Brown Brother Harriman & Co. Attn: Luke Hathaway 50 Milk Street Boston, MA 02109 |
5.04% | |||||
WisdomTree Emerging Currency Fund | Charles Schwab & Co. Inc. Attn: Mimi OSullivan 2423 E. Lincoln Drive Phoenix, AZ 85016-1215 |
22.88% | ||||
The Northern Trust Company Capital Structures-C1N Attn: Patrick Krull 801 S. Canal Street Chicago, IL 07302 |
10.87% | |||||
The Bank of New York Mellon/Mellon T Attn: Jennifer May 525 William Penn Place, Suite 153-0400 Pittsburgh, PA 15259 |
10.52% | |||||
Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC Attn: David Safran, VP 2000 Westchester Ave. Purchase, NY 10577 |
9.03% | |||||
National Financial Services, LLC ATTN: Lew Trezza 200 Liberty Street New York, NY 10281 |
8.55% | |||||
WisdomTree Indian Rupee Fund | Charles Schwab & Co. Inc. Attn: Mimi OSullivan 2423 E. Lincoln Drive Phoenix, AZ 85016-1215 |
16.67% | ||||
National Financial Services, LLC Attn: Lew Trezza 200 Liberty Street New York, NY 10281 |
16.57% | |||||
TD Ameritrade Clearing, LLC Attn: Chad Johnson 1005 N. Ameritrade Place Bellevue, NE 68005 |
11.38% | |||||
Merrill Lynch, Pierce Fenner & Smith Attn: Veronica E. ONeill 101 Hudson Street 8th Floor Jersey City, NJ 07302 |
7.04% | |||||
J.P. Morgan Clearing Corp. Attn: Eric Oszutowicz 3 Metrotech Center Proxy Dept./NY1-H034 Brooklyn, NY 11245-0001 |
6.05% | |||||
UBS Financial Services Inc. Attn: Jane Flood, VP 1200 Harbor Blvd. Weehawken, NJ 07086 |
5.28% | |||||
WisdomTree Asia Local Debt Fund | Charles Schwab & Co. Inc. Attn: Mimi OSullivan 2423 E. Lincoln Drive Phoenix, AZ 85016-1215 |
62.95% | ||||
National Financial Services, LLC Attn: Lew Trezza 200 Liberty Street New York, NY 10281 |
6.78% | |||||
WisdomTree Australia & New Zealand Debt Fund | Charles Schwab & Co. Inc. Attn: Mimi OSullivan 2423 E. Lincoln Drive Phoenix, AZ 85016-1215 |
12.87% | ||||
National Financial Services, LLC Attn: Lew Trezza 200 Liberty Street New York, NY 10281 |
9.71% | |||||
The Bank of New York Mellon Attn: Jennifer May 525 William Penn Place, Suite 153-0400 Pittsburgh, PA 15259 |
9.60% | |||||
Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC Attn: David Safran, VP 2000 Westchester Ave. Purchase, NY 10577 |
9.03% | |||||
First Clearing, LLC Attn: Kristie Daniel, Manager One North Jefferson St. St. Louis, MO 63103 |
7.34% | |||||
Merrill Lynch, Pierce Fenner & Smith Attn: Veronica E. ONeill 101 Hudson Street 8th Floor Jersey City, NJ 07302 |
7.12% | |||||
TD Ameritrade Clearing, LLC Attn: Chad Johnson 1005 N. Ameritrade Place Bellevue, NE 68005 |
6.29% | |||||
UBS Financial Services Inc. Attn: Jane Flood, VP 1200 Harbor Blvd. Weehawken, NJ 07086 |
5.63% | |||||
Pershing LLC Securities Corporation Attn: Helen Bialer, VP 1 Pershing Plaza Jersey City, NJ 07399 |
5.34% | |||||
WisdomTree Emerging Markets Local Debt Fund | Charles Schwab & Co. Inc. Attn: Mimi OSullivan 2423 E. Lincoln Drive Phoenix, AZ 85016-1215 |
14.13% | ||||
National Financial Services, LLC Attn: Lew Trezza 200 Liberty Street New York, NY 10281 |
12.30% | |||||
Pershing LLC Securities Corporation Attn: Helen Bialer, VP 1 Pershing Plaza Jersey City, NJ 07399 |
6.45% | |||||
Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC Attn: David Safran, VP 2000 Westchester Ave. Purchase, NY 10577 |
6.31% | |||||
Curian Clearing, LLC Attn: Jeff Harris 7601 Technology Way Denver, CO 80237 |
6.26% | |||||
TD Ameritrade Clearing, LLC Attn: Chad Johnson 1005 N. Ameritrade Place Bellevue, NE 68005 |
5.78% | |||||
Goldman Sachs & Co 30 Hudson Street Attn: Proxy Dept. Jersey City, NJ 07302 |
5.43% | |||||
WisdomTree Euro Debt Fund | Charles Schwab & Co. Inc. Attn: Mimi OSullivan 2423 E. Lincoln Drive Phoenix, AZ 85016-1215 |
29.52% | ||||
National Financial Services, LLC Attn: Lew Trezza 200 Liberty Street New York, NY 10281 |
17.44% | |||||
TD Ameritrade Clearing, LLC Attn: Chad Johnson 1005 N. Ameritrade Place Bellevue, NE 68005 |
12.31% | |||||
J.P. Morgan Clearing Corp. ATTN: Eric Oszutowicz 3 Metrotech Center Proxy Dept./NY1-H034 Brooklyn, NY 11245-0001 |
5.55% | |||||
WisdomTree Managed Futures Strategy Fund | Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC Attn: David Safran, VP 2000 Westchester Ave. Purchase, NY 10577 |
32.85% | ||||
First Clearing, LLC Attn: Kristie Daniel, Manager One North Jefferson St. St. Louis, MO 63103 |
12.01% | |||||
Charles Schwab & Co. Inc. Attn: Mimi OSullivan 2423 E. Lincoln Drive Phoenix, AZ 85016-1215 |
9.02% | |||||
National Financial Services, LLC Attn: Lew Trezza 200 Liberty Street New York, NY 10281 |
8.97% | |||||
The Bank of New York Mellon Attn: Jennifer May 525 William Penn Place, Suite 153-0400 Pittsburgh, PA 15259 |
6.78% | |||||
TD Ameritrade Clearing, LLC Attn: Chad Johnson 1005 N. Ameritrade Place Bellevue, NE 68005 |
5.90% | |||||
WisdomTree Global Real Return Fund | Charles Schwab & Co. Inc. Attn: Mimi OSullivan 2423 E. Lincoln Drive Phoenix, AZ 85016-1215 |
41.47% | ||||
Merrill Lynch, Pierce Fenner & Smith Attn: Veronica E. ONeill 101 Hudson Street 9th Floor Jersey City, NJ 07302 |
21.75% | |||||
J.P. Morgan Clearing Corp. ATTN: Eric Oszutowicz 3 Metrotech Center Proxy Dept./NY1-H034 Brooklyn, NY 11245-0001 |
6.04% | |||||
LPL Financial Corporation Attn: Rosann Tanner 9785 Towne Ctr. Drive San Diego, CA 92121-1968 |
5.94% | |||||
National Financial Services, LLC Attn: Lew Trezza 200 Liberty Street New York, NY 10281 |
5.35% | |||||
Pershing LLC Securities Corporation Attn: Helen Bialer, VP 1 Pershing Plaza Jersey City, NJ 07399 |
5.06% | |||||
WisdomTree Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund | Charles Schwab & Co. Inc. Attn: Mimi OSullivan 2423 E. Lincoln Drive Phoenix, AZ 85016-1215 |
20.74% | ||||
Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC Attn: David Safran, VP 2000 Westchester Ave. Purchase, NY 10577 |
16.97% | |||||
National Financial Services, LLC Attn: Lew Trezza 200 Liberty Street New York, NY 10281 |
10.35% | |||||
UBS Financial Services Inc. Attn: Jane Flood, VP 1200 Harbor Blvd. Weehawken, NJ 07086 |
8.25% | |||||
JP Morgan Chase Bank NA/DBTC Americas Attn: Phil Roy, VP 14201 Dallas Parkway, 12th Fl. Dallas, TX 75254 |
7.75% |
46
Investment Adviser. The Adviser, WisdomTree Asset Management, Inc., serves as investment adviser to each Fund pursuant to an Investment Advisory Agreement between the Trust and the Adviser (the Advisory Agreement). WisdomTree Asset Management is a Delaware corporation registered as an investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (the Advisers Act), and as a CPO with the CFTC. WisdomTree Asset Management has offices located at 380 Madison Avenue 21st Floor, New York, NY 10017. As of November 30, 2012, WisdomTree Asset Management had assets under management totaling approximately $17.2 billion
Under the Investment Advisory Agreement, WisdomTree Asset Management has overall responsibility for the general management and administration of the Trust. WisdomTree Asset Management provides an investment program for each Fund. WisdomTree Asset Management also arranges for sub-advisory, transfer agency, custody, fund administration and all other non-distribution-related services necessary for the Funds to operate.
Each Fund pays WisdomTree Asset Management the Management Fee indicated below.
Fund |
Advisory Fee Rate | |
Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund |
0.60% | |
Emerging Markets Local Debt Fund |
0.55% | |
Asia Local Debt Fund |
0.55% | |
Australia & New Zealand Debt Fund |
0.45% | |
Euro Debt Fund |
0.35% | |
Brazilian Real Fund |
0.45% | |
Chinese Yuan Fund |
0.45% | |
Commodity Currency Fund |
0.55% | |
Emerging Currency Fund |
0.55% | |
Indian Rupee Fund |
0.45% | |
Managed Futures Strategy Fund |
0.95% | |
Global Real Return Fund |
0.60% |
47
With respect to each Fund, WisdomTree Asset Management has agreed to pay all expenses of the Funds, except for: (i) brokerage expenses and other expenses (such as stamp taxes) connected with the execution of portfolio transactions or in connection with creation and redemption transactions; (ii) legal fees or expenses in connection with any arbitration, litigation or pending or threatened arbitration or litigation, including any settlements in connection therewith; (iii) compensation and expenses of each independent trustee; (iv) compensation and expenses of counsel to the independent trustees; (v) compensation and expenses of the Trusts Chief Compliance Officer (CCO); (vi) extraordinary expenses; (vii) distribution fees and expenses paid by the Trust under any distribution plan adopted pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act; and (viii) the advisory fee payable to the Adviser.
Mellon Capital has agreed to pay the fees owed to BNY Mellon for providing custody, administration and transfer agency services.
Pursuant to a separate contractual arrangement with respect to each Fund through August 31, 2013, WisdomTree Asset Management arranges for the provision of CCO services and is liable and responsible for, and administers, payments to the CCO, the independent trustees and counsel to the independent trustees, in exchange for a fee paid by each Fund of up to 0.0044% of that Funds average daily net assets. WisdomTree Asset Management provides CCO services to the Trust.
WisdomTree Asset Management is also responsible for the general management and administration of each WisdomTree Subsidiary pursuant to separate investment advisory agreements with each WisdomTree Subsidiary. Under each advisory agreement, WisdomTree Asset Management provides each WisdomTree Subsidiary with the same type of management services, for the same fee and under essentially the same terms, as are provided for the Managed Futures Strategy Fund and Global Real Return Fund.
The Adviser, from its own resources, including profits from advisory fees received from the Funds, provided such fees are legitimate and not excessive, may make payments to broker-dealers and other financial institutions for their expenses in connection with the distribution of Fund shares, and otherwise currently pay all distribution costs for Fund shares.
For the following period(s), the Adviser received the following fees.
Fund |
Commencement of Operations |
Advisory Fee Paid for the Fiscal Year Ended August 31, 2010 |
Advisory Fee Paid for the Fiscal Year Ended August 31, 2011 |
Advisory Fee Paid for the Fiscal Year Ended August 31, 2012 |
||||||||||||
Asia Local Debt Fund |
3/17/2011 | * | $ | 944,340 | $ | 2,368,773 | ||||||||||
Australia & New Zealand Debt Fund |
6/25/2008 | $ | 82,259 | $ | 128,830 | $ | 154,209 | |||||||||
Brazilian Real Fund |
5/14/2008 | $ | 678,677 | $ | 1,072,384 | $ | 530,830 | |||||||||
Chinese Yuan Fund |
5/14/2008 | $ | 2,264,034 | $ | 2,878,887 | $ | 1,899,911 | |||||||||
Commodity Currency Fund |
9/24/2010 | * | $ | 435,522 | $ | 221,865 | ||||||||||
Emerging Currency Fund |
5/6/2009 | $ | 1,445,958 | $ | 2,330,890 | $ | 1,926,159 | |||||||||
Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund |
3/8/2012 | * | * | $ | 172,522 | |||||||||||
Emerging Markets Local Debt Fund |
8/9/2010 | $ | 54,142 | $ | 3,806,040 | $ | 6,509,625 | |||||||||
Euro Debt Fund |
5/14/2008 | $ | 52,725 | $ | 33,872 | $ | 16,476 | |||||||||
Global Real Return Fund |
7/14/2011 | * | $ | 4,065 | $ | 28,830 | ||||||||||
Indian Rupee Fund |
5/14/2008 | $ | 112,080 | $ | 107,686 | $ | 82,957 | |||||||||
Managed Futures Strategy Fund |
1/5/2011 | * | $ | 686,008 | $ | 2,132,468 |
* | Not in operation for the period indicated. |
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The Advisory Agreement with respect to each Fund continues in effect for two years from its effective date, and thereafter is subject to annual approval by (i) the Board of Trustees of the Trust or (ii) the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Fund, provided that in either event such continuance is also approved by a vote of a majority of the Trustees of the Trust who are not interested persons (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Fund, by a vote cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such approval. If the shareholders of any Fund fail to approve the Advisory Agreement, WisdomTree Asset Management may continue to serve in the manner and to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act and rules and regulations thereunder. The Advisory Agreement with respect to any Fund is terminable without any penalty, by vote of the Board of Trustees of the Trust or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities (as defined in the 1940 Act) of that Fund, or by WisdomTree Asset Management, in each case on not less than thirty (30) days nor more than sixty (60) days prior written notice to the other party; provided, that a shorter notice period shall be permitted for a Fund in the event its shares are no longer listed on a national securities exchange. The Advisory Agreement will terminate automatically and immediately in the event of its assignment (as defined in the 1940 Act).
Sub-Advisers. Mellon Capital Management Corporation (Mellon Capital) serves as the Sub-Adviser for each Fund, except Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund, pursuant to an Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between the Adviser and Mellon Capital (the Mellon Capital Sub-Advisory Agreement). Mellon Capital also serves as Sub-Adviser to the WisdomTree Subsidiaries and is responsible for each WisdomTree Subsidiarys day-to-day management. Mellon Capital chooses each WisdomTree Subsidiarys portfolio investments and places orders to buy and sell each WisdomTree Subsidiarys portfolio investments. Mellon Capital is a leading innovator in the investment industry and manages global quantitative-based investment strategies for institutional and private investors with its principal office located at 50 Fremont Street, San Francisco, CA 94105. As of November 30, 2012, Mellon Capital had assets under management totaling approximately $256.4 billion. Mellon Capital is a wholly-owned indirect subsidiary of BNY Mellon, a publicly traded financial holding company. WisdomTree Asset Management pays Mellon Capital for providing sub-advisory services to the Funds.
Western Asset Management, Western Asset London and Western Asset Singapore serve as sub-advisers to the Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund pursuant to an investment sub-advisory agreement with WisdomTree Asset Management (the Western Sub-Advisory Agreement). Each Western Asset sub-adviser is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Legg Mason, Inc. Established in 1971, Western Asset Management has offices located at 385 East Colorado Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91101 and 620 Eighth Avenue, New York, New York 10018 and acts as investment adviser to institutional accounts, such as corporate pension plans, mutual funds and endowment funds. Founded in 1984, Western Asset London was has offices located at 10 Exchange Place, Primrose Street, London EC2A 2EN, England. Western Asset Singapore was founded in 2000 and has offices located at 1 George Street #23-01, Singapore 049145. Western Asset London and Western Asset Singapore provide certain sub-advisory services that relate to currency transactions and investments in non-U.S. dollar-denominated securities and related foreign currency instruments. Each Western Asset office provides services relating to relevant portions of the WisdomTree Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund as appropriate. As of November 30, 2012, the total assets under management of Western Asset and its supervised affiliates, including Western Asset Management, Western Asset London and Western Singapore, were approximately $462.3 billion.
For its services, the Sub-Advisers are paid a fee by the Adviser based on the average daily net assets of the Fund or a minimum annual fee (whichever is greater).
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For the following period(s), Mellon Capital received the following fees:
Fund |
Commencement of Operations |
Sub-Advisory Fee Paid for the Period Ended August 31, 2010 |
Sub-Advisory Fee Paid for the Period Ended August 31, 2011 |
Sub-Advisory Fee Paid for the Period Ended August 31, 2012 |
||||||||||||
Asia Local Debt Fund |
3/17/11 | * | $ | 207,153 | $ | 510,544 | ||||||||||
Emerging Markets Local Debt Fund |
8/09/10 | $ | 27,071 | $ | 1,903,020 | $ | 3,254,813 | |||||||||
Managed Futures Strategy Fund |
1/05/11 | * | $ | 93,683 | $ | 266,074 | ||||||||||
Global Real Return Fund |
7/14/11 | * | $ | 6,545 | $ | 50,000 |
* | Not in operation for the period indicated. |
For the following periods, The Dreyfus Corporation* received the following fees:
Fund |
Commencement of Operations |
Sub-Advisory Fee Paid for the Period Ended August 31, 2010 |
Sub-Advisory Fee Paid for the Period Ended August 31, 2011 |
Sub-Advisory Fee Paid for the Period Ended August 31, 2012 |
||||||||||||
Brazilian Real Fund |
5/14/08 | $ | 339,339 | $ | 536,192 | $ | 265,415 | |||||||||
Chinese Yuan Fund |
5/14/08 | $ | 1,132,017 | $ | 1,439,444 | $ | 949,956 | |||||||||
Commodity Currency Fund |
9/24/10 | ** | $ | 217,761 | $ | 110,933 | ||||||||||
Emerging Currency Fund |
5/06/09 | $ | 722,979 | $ | 1,165,445 | $ | 963,080 | |||||||||
Euro Debt Fund |
5/14/08 | $ | 26,363 | $ | 16,936 | $ | 8,238 | |||||||||
Indian Rupee Fund |
5/14/08 | $ | 56,040 | $ | 53,843 | $ | 41,479 | |||||||||
Australia & New Zealand Debt Fund |
6/25/08 | $ | 41,130 | $ | 64,415 | $ | 77,105 |
* | The Dreyfus Corporation served as sub-adviser to each of the Funds listed above for the periods indicated. As of January 1, 2013, The Dreyfus Corporation no longer serves as sub-adviser to these Funds. |
** | Not in operation for the period indicated. |
For the following period(s), Western Asset received the following fees:
Fund |
Commencement of Operations |
Sub-Advisory Fee Paid for the Period Ended August 31, 2010 |
Sub-Advisory Fee Paid for the Period Ended August 31, 2011 |
Sub-Advisory Fee Paid for the Period Ended August 31, 2012 |
||||||||||||
Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund |
3/8/2012 | * | * | $ | 51,756 |
* | Not in operation for the period indicated. |
Each Sub-Adviser believes that it may perform sub-advisory and related services for the Trust and the Funds without violating applicable banking laws or regulations. However, the legal requirements and interpretations about the permissible activities of banks and their affiliates may change in the future. These changes could prevent a Sub-Adviser from continuing to perform services for the Trust. If this happens, the Board would consider selecting other qualified firms.
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The Mellon Capital Sub-Advisory Agreement and the Western Sub-Advisory Agreement (each, a Sub-Advisory Agreement and together, the Sub-Advisory Agreements), with respect to each Fund, continues in effect for two years from its effective date, and thereafter is subject to annual approval by (i) the Board of Trustees of the Trust or (ii) the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the applicable Fund, provided that in either event such continuance is also approved by a vote of a majority of the Trustees of the Trust who are not interested persons (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Fund, by a vote cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such approval. If the shareholders of a Fund fail to approve that Funds Sub-Advisory Agreement, WisdomTree Asset Management may continue to serve in the manner and to the extent permitted by the 1940 Act and rules and regulations thereunder. Each Funds Sub-Advisory Agreement is terminable without any penalty, by vote of the Board of Trustees of the Trust or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Fund, or by WisdomTree Asset Management, in each case on not less than thirty (30) days nor more than sixty (60) days prior written notice to the other party; provided that a shorter notice period shall be permitted for the Funds in the event its shares are no longer listed on a national securities exchange. Each Sub-Advisory Agreement will terminate automatically and immediately in the event of its assignment (as defined in the 1940 Act).
Portfolio Managers
Mellon Capital. Mellon Capital utilizes a team of investment professionals acting together to manage the assets of each Fund, except the Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund. The team meets regularly to review portfolio holdings and to discuss purchase and sale activity. The team adjusts holdings in each Funds portfolio as it deems appropriate in the pursuit of each Funds investment objectives.
The individual members of the investment team who are primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of each Funds portfolio, except the Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Funds portfolio, are listed below.
Vassilis Dagioglu is a Managing Director of Mellon Capitals Asset Allocation Team and has been with Mellon Capital for 13 years. He received his M.B.A. from the University of California Berkeley and has 14 years of investment experience.
David C. Kwan is a Managing Director of Mellon Capitals Fixed Income Team and has been a Managing Director of Mellon Capital since 2000. He has also been the Head of the Fixed Income Management Group since 1994. He received his M.B.A. from the University of California at Berkeley in 1990. Mr. Kwan has 22 years of investment experience.
Lisa Mears OConnor, CFA, is a Managing Director of Mellon Capitals Fixed Income Team and has been a Managing Director of Mellon Capital since 2010. She manages Mellon Capitals active Fixed Income Team. She received her M.B.A. from the University of California at Berkeley in 2002. Ms. Mears OConnor attained the Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA) designation in 1998. Ms. Mears OConnor has over 20 years of investment experience.
Stephanie Shu, CFA, is a Director of Mellon Capitals Active Fixed Income Team. Ms. Shu has attained the Chartered Financial Analyst designation. She received her M.S. from Texas A&M University and has over 15 years of investment experience.
James Stavena is a Managing Director of Mellon Capitals Asset Allocation Team and has been with Mellon Capital for 12 years. He received his M.B.A. from Rice University and has over 20 years of investment experience.
Zandra Zelaya, CFA, is a Director of Mellon Capitals Fixed Income Team and has been a Director of Fixed Income at Mellon Capital since November 2009. From November 2007 to November 2009 she was a Vice President, Fixed Income at Mellon Capital. Ms. Zelaya joined Mellon Capital in 1997 as a fixed income associate. Throughout the years she has held various positions in the Fixed Income Management Group including Senior Portfolio Manager from 2002 to 2006 and Assistant Vice President from 2006 to November 2007. Ms. Zelaya has attained the Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA) designation. She graduated with a B.S. from California State University, Hayward. Ms. Zelaya has 17 years of investment experience.
Mr. Kwan, Ms. OConnor and Ms. Shu manage the Emerging Markets Local Debt Fund and Asia Local Debt Fund. Mr. Kwan and Ms. OConnor manage the Global Real Return Fund. Mr. Kwan and Ms. Zelaya manage the Currency Income Funds, Euro Debt Fund, and Australia & New Zealand Debt Fund. Mr. Dagioglu and Mr. Stavena manage the Managed Futures Strategy Fund. Each portfolio manager has managed each Fund since inception.
As of August 31, 2012, the Fixed Income Team managed 14 other registered investment companies with approximately $7.3 billion in assets; 31 pooled investment vehicles with approximately $16.1 billion in assets; and 31 other accounts with approximately $8.4 billion in assets.
As of August 31, 2012, the Asset Allocation Team managed 12 other registered investment companies with approximately $1.1 billion in assets; 32 pooled investment vehicles with approximately $6.5 billion in assets; and 97 other accounts with approximately $6.4 billion in assets.
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Western Asset. Western Asset utilizes a broad team of portfolio managers, sector specialists and other investment professionals to manage the assets of the Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund. In the context of this larger team, senior portfolio managers work together to manage the assets of the Fund, develop and implement investment strategy, and coordinate with other relevant investment team members. The senior portfolio managers meet regularly to review portfolio holdings, discuss purchase and sale activity, and adjust holdings in the Funds portfolio as they deem appropriate in the pursuit of the Funds investment objective.
The individual members of the investment team who are primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Funds portfolio are listed below.
Stephen A. Walsh has been the Chief Investment Officer of Western Asset Management since 2009. Mr. Walsh is responsible for the oversight of all aspects of Western Asset Managements business. Prior to that time, he served as Western Asset Managements Deputy Chief Investment Officer for 21 years. He received his B.S. from the University of Colorado at Boulder. Mr. Walsh has 31 years of investment experience.
Keith J. Gardner has been the Head of Developing Markets of Western Asset Management since 1994. Prior to that time, he served as a portfolio manager for Legg Mason, Inc. and T. Rowe Price Associates, Inc. for a combined total of seven years. He received his B.S. from the State University of New York at Binghamton. Mr. Gardner has 29 years of investment experience.
Matthew C. Duda, CFA, has been a portfolio manager and research analyst at Western Asset Management since 2001. Prior to that time, he was a Vice President and Investment Strategist at Credit Suisse-First Boston Corporation for four years. Mr. Duda has attained the CFA designation. He received his M.A. from New York University and his B.A. from the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. Mr. Duda has 19 years of investment experience.
Each portfolio manager is responsible for various functions related to portfolio management, including, but not limited to, investing cash inflows, implementing investment strategy, researching and reviewing investment strategy, and overseeing members of his or her portfolio management team with more limited responsibilities. Each portfolio manager is authorized to make investment decisions for all portfolios managed by the team. Each portfolio manager has appropriate limitations on his or her authority for risk management and compliance purposes. No member of the portfolio teams manages assets outside of the team.
As of August 31, 2012, the team managed 99 registered investment companies with approximately $176.8 billion in assets; 226 pooled investment vehicles with approximately $99.1 billion in assets and 723 other accounts with approximately $175.6 billion in assets.
Portfolio Manager Fund Ownership. As of the date of this SAI, none of the Mellon Capital portfolio managers owned shares of the Funds sub-advised by Mellon Capital. As of November 30, 2012, the dollar range of securities beneficially owned by the following Western Asset portfolio managers in the Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund is as follows:
Portfolio Manager |
Dollar Range of
Securities Beneficially Owned | |
Stephen A. Walsh |
$100,001 - $500,000 | |
Keith J. Gardner |
$10,001 - $50,000 | |
Matthew C. Duda |
None |
Mellon Capital
Portfolio Manager Compensation. The primary objectives of the Mellon Capital compensation plans are to:
n | Motivate and reward superior investment and business performance |
n | Motivate and reward continued growth and profitability |
n | Attract and retain high-performing individuals critical to the ongoing success of Mellon Capital |
n | Create an ownership mentality for all plan participants |
Cash compensation is comprised primarily of a market-based base salary and variable incentives (cash and deferred). Base salary is determined by the employees experience and performance in the role, taking into account the ongoing compensation benchmark analyses. Base salary is generally a fixed amount that may change as a result of an annual review, upon assumption
of new duties, or when a market adjustment of the position occurs. Funding for the Mellon Capital Annual and Long Term Incentive Plan is through a pre-determined fixed percentage of overall Mellon Capital profitability. Therefore, all bonus awards are based initially on Mellon Capitals financial performance. Annual incentive opportunities are pre-established for each individual, expressed as a percentage of base salary (target awards). These targets are derived based on a review of competitive market data for each position annually. Annual awards are determined by applying multiples to this target award. Awards are 100% discretionary. Factors considered in awards include individual performance, team performance, investment performance of the associated portfolio(s) (including both short- and long-term returns) and qualitative behavioral factors. Other factors considered in determining the award are the asset size and revenue growth/retention of the products managed (if applicable). Awards are paid partially in cash with the balance deferred through the Long Term Incentive Plan.
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Participants in the Long Term Incentive Plan have a high level of accountability and a large impact on the success of the business due to the positions scope and overall responsibility. This plan provides for an annual award, payable in cash after a three-year cliff vesting period as well as a grant of BNY Mellon Restricted Stock for senior level roles.
Mellon Capitals portfolio managers responsible for managing mutual funds are paid by Mellon Capital and not by the mutual funds. The same methodology described above is used to determine portfolio manager compensation with respect to the management of mutual funds and other accounts. Mutual fund portfolio managers are also eligible for the standard retirement benefits and health and welfare benefits available to all Mellon Capital employees. Certain portfolio managers may be eligible for additional retirement benefits under several supplemental retirement plans that Mellon Capital provides to restore dollar-for-dollar the benefits of management employees that had been cut back solely as a result of certain limits due to the tax laws. These plans are structured to provide the same retirement benefits as the standard retirement benefits. In addition, mutual fund portfolio managers whose compensation exceeds certain limits may elect to defer a portion of their salary and/or bonus under The Bank of New York Mellon Corporation Deferred Compensation Plan for Employees.
Description of Material Conflicts of Interest. Because the portfolio managers manage multiple portfolios for multiple clients, the potential for conflicts of interest exists. Each portfolio manager generally manages portfolios having substantially the same investment style as the Funds. However, the portfolios managed by a portfolio manager may not have portfolio compositions identical to those of the Funds managed by the portfolio manager due, for example, to specific investment limitations or guidelines present in some portfolios or accounts but not others. The portfolio managers may purchase securities for one portfolio and not another portfolio, and the performance of securities purchased for one portfolio may vary from the performance of securities purchased for other portfolios. A portfolio manager may place transactions on behalf of other accounts that are directly or indirectly contrary to investment decisions made on behalf of a Fund, or make investment decisions that are similar to those made for a Fund, both of which have the potential to adversely impact a Fund depending on market conditions. For example, a portfolio manager may purchase a security in one portfolio while appropriately selling that same security in another portfolio. In addition, some of these portfolios have fee structures that are or have the potential to be higher than the advisory fees paid by a Fund, which can cause potential conflicts in the allocation of investment opportunities between a Fund and the other accounts. However, the compensation structure for portfolio managers does not generally provide incentive to favor one account over another because that part of a managers bonus based on performance is not based on the performance of one account to the exclusion of others. There are many other factors considered in determining the portfolio managers bonus and there is no formula that is applied to weight the factors listed. In addition, current trading practices do not allow Mellon Capital to intentionally favor one portfolio over another as trades are executed or as trade orders are received. Portfolio rebalancing dates also generally vary between fund families. Program trades created from the portfolio rebalance are executed at market close.
Western Asset
Portfolio Manager Compensation. With respect to the compensation of portfolio managers, Western Assets compensation system assigns each employee a total compensation range, which is derived from annual market surveys that benchmark each role with its job function and peer universe. This method is designed to reward employees with total compensation reflective of the external market value of their skills, experience and ability to produce desired results. Standard compensation includes competitive base salaries, generous employee benefits and a retirement plan.
In addition, the Sub-Advisers employees are eligible for bonuses. These are structured to closely align the interests of employees with those of the Sub-Adviser, and are determined by the professionals job function and pre-tax performance as measured by a formal review process. All bonuses are completely discretionary. The principal factor considered is a portfolio managers investment performance versus appropriate peer groups and benchmarks (e.g., a securities index and, with respect to a fund, the benchmark set forth in the funds prospectus to which the funds average annual total returns are compared or, if none, the benchmark set forth in the funds annual report). Performance is reviewed on a 1, 3 and 5 year basis for compensationwith 3 and 5 years having a larger emphasis. The Sub-Adviser may also measure a portfolio managers pre-tax investment performance against other benchmarks, as it determines appropriate. Because portfolio managers are generally responsible for multiple accounts (including the Fund) with similar investment strategies, they are generally compensated on the performance of the aggregate group of similar accounts, rather than a specific account. Other factors that may be considered when making bonus decisions include client service, business development, length of service to the Sub-Adviser, management or supervisory responsibilities, contributions to developing business strategy and overall contributions to the Sub-Advisers business.
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Finally, in order to attract and retain top talent, all professionals are eligible for additional incentives in recognition of outstanding performance. These are determined based upon the factors described above and include Legg Mason stock options and long-term incentives that vest over a set period of time past the award date.
Description of Material Conflicts of Interest. Because the portfolio managers manage multiple portfolios for multiple clients, the potential for conflicts of interest exists. Each portfolio manager generally manages portfolios having substantially the same investment style as the Fund. However, the portfolios managed by a portfolio manager may not have portfolio compositions identical to those of the Fund due, for example, to specific investment limitations or guidelines present in some portfolios or accounts, but not in others. The portfolio managers may purchase securities for one portfolio and not another portfolio, and the performance of securities purchased for one portfolio may vary from the performance of securities purchased for other portfolios. A portfolio manager may place transactions on behalf of other accounts that are directly or indirectly contrary to investment decisions made on behalf of the Fund, or may make investment decisions that are similar to those made for the Fund, both of which have the potential to adversely impact the Fund depending on market conditions. For example, a portfolio manager may purchase a security in one portfolio while appropriately selling that same security in another portfolio. In addition, some of these portfolios have fee structures that are or have the potential to be higher than the advisory fees paid by the Fund, which can cause potential conflicts in the allocation of investment opportunities between the Fund and the other accounts. However, the compensation structure for portfolio managers does not generally provide incentive to favor one account over another, because that part of a managers bonus based on performance is not based on the performance of one account to the exclusion of others. There are many other factors considered in determining the portfolio managers bonus and there is no formula that is applied to weight the factors listed. In addition, current trading practices do not allow the Adviser or Sub-Adviser to intentionally favor one portfolio over another as trades are executed or as trade orders are received. Portfolio rebalancing dates also generally vary between fund families. Program trades created from the portfolio rebalance are executed at market close. There is no guarantee that the Adviser, the Sub-Adviser and the portfolio managers will be able to identify or mitigate these conflicts of interest.
Examples of material conflicts of interest include, but are not limited to:
Allocation of Limited Time and Attention. A portfolio manager who is responsible for managing multiple funds and/or accounts may devote unequal time and attention to the management of those funds and/or accounts. A portfolio manager may not be able to formulate as complete a strategy or identify equally attractive investment opportunities for each of those funds and accounts as might be the case if he or she were to devote substantially more attention to the management of a single fund. Such a portfolio manager may make general determinations across multiple funds, rather than tailoring a unique approach for each fund. The effects of this conflict may be more pronounced where funds and/or accounts overseen by a particular portfolio manager have different investment strategies.
Allocation of Limited Investment Opportunities; Aggregation of Orders. If a portfolio manager identifies a limited investment opportunity that may be suitable for multiple funds and/or accounts, the opportunity may be allocated among these several funds or accounts, which may limit a funds ability to take full advantage of the investment opportunity. Additionally, the Sub-Adviser may aggregate transaction orders for multiple accounts for purpose of execution. Such aggregation may cause the price or brokerage costs to be less favorable to a particular client than if similar transactions were not being executed concurrently for other accounts. In addition, the Sub-Advisers trade allocation policies may result in a funds orders not being fully executed or being delayed in execution.
Pursuit of Differing Strategies. At times, a portfolio manager may determine that an investment opportunity may be appropriate for only some of the funds and/or accounts for which he or she exercises investment responsibility, or may decide that certain of the funds and/or accounts should take differing positions with respect to a particular security. In these cases, the portfolio manager may place separate transactions for one or more funds or accounts which may affect the market price of the security or the execution of the transaction, or both, to the detriment or benefit of one or more other funds and/or accounts. For example, a portfolio manager may determine that it would be in the interest of another account to sell a security that a fund holds long, potentially resulting in a decrease in the market value of the security held by the fund.
Cross Trades. Portfolio managers may manage funds that engage in cross trades, where one of the managers funds or accounts sells a particular security to another fund or account managed by the same manager. Cross trades may pose conflicts of interest because of, for example, the possibility that one account sells a security to another account at a higher price than an independent third party would pay or otherwise enters into a transaction that it would not enter into with an independent party, such as the sale of a difficult-to-obtain security.
Selection of Broker/Dealers. Portfolio managers may select or influence the selection of the brokers and dealers that are used to execute securities transactions for the funds and/or accounts that they supervise. In addition to executing trades, some brokers and dealers provide the Sub-Adviser with brokerage and research services. The Sub-Adviser does not consider the provision or value of such services in the selection of a broker or dealer. Nonetheless, the services obtained may ultimately be more beneficial to certain of the managers funds or accounts than to others. A decision as to the selection of brokers and dealers could therefore yield disproportionate costs and benefits among the funds and/or accounts managed.
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Variation in Financial and Other Benefits. A conflict of interest arises where the financial or other benefits available to a portfolio manager differ among the funds and/or accounts that he or she manages. If the amount or structure of the Sub-Advisers fee differs among funds and/or accounts (such as where certain funds or accounts pay higher management fees or performance-based management fees), the portfolio manager might be motivated to help certain funds and/or accounts over others. Similarly, the desire to maintain assets under management or to enhance the portfolio managers performance record or to derive other rewards, financial or otherwise, could influence the portfolio manager in affording preferential treatment to those funds and/or accounts that could most significantly benefit the portfolio manager. A portfolio manager may, for example, have an incentive to allocate favorable or limited opportunity investments or structure the timing of investments to favor such funds and/or accounts. Also, a portfolio managers or the Sub-Advisers desire to increase assets under management could influence the portfolio manager to keep a fund open for new investors without regard to potential benefits of closing the fund to new investors. Additionally, the portfolio manager might be motivated to favor funds and/or accounts in which he or she has an ownership interest or in which the investment manager and/or its affiliates have ownership interests. Conversely, if a portfolio manager does not personally hold an investment in the fund, the portfolio managers conflicts of interest with respect to the fund may be more acute.
Related Business Opportunities. The Sub-Adviser or its affiliates may provide more services (such as distribution or recordkeeping) for some types of funds or accounts than for others. In such cases, a portfolio manager may benefit, either directly or indirectly, by devoting disproportionate attention to the management of funds and/or accounts that provide greater overall returns to the Sub-Adviser and its affiliates.
Codes of Ethics. The Trust, WisdomTree Asset Management, each Sub-Adviser and the Distributor have each adopted a Code of Ethics pursuant to Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act and Rule 204A-1 under the Advisers Act, where applicable. Each Code of Ethics permits personnel subject to that Code of Ethics to invest in securities for their personal investment accounts, subject to certain limitations, including securities that may be purchased or held by the Funds. Each Code of Ethics is on public file with, and is available from, the SEC.
Administrator, Custodian, Transfer Agent and Securities Lending Agent. BNY Mellon serves as administrator, custodian and transfer agent for each Fund. BNY Mellons principal address is One Wall Street, New York, New York 10286. Under the Fund Administration and Accounting Agreement with the Trust, BNY Mellon provides necessary administrative, legal, tax, accounting services and financial reporting for the maintenance and operations of the Trust and the Funds. In addition, BNY Mellon makes available the office space, equipment, personnel and facilities required to provide such services. Under the custody agreement with the Trust, BNY Mellon maintains in separate accounts cash, securities and other assets of the Trust and the Funds, keeps all necessary accounts and records, and provides other services. BNY Mellon is required, upon the order of the Trust, to deliver securities held by BNY Mellon and to make payments for securities purchased by the Trust for the Funds. Also, under a Delegation Agreement, BNY Mellon is authorized to appoint certain foreign custodians or foreign custody managers for Fund investments outside the United States. Pursuant to a Transfer Agency and Service Agreement with the Trust, BNY Mellon acts as transfer agent for the Funds authorized and issued shares of beneficial interest, and as dividend disbursing agent of the Trust. As compensation for the foregoing services, BNY Mellon receives certain out-of-pocket costs, transaction fees and asset-based fees which are accrued daily and paid monthly by the Trust from the Trusts custody account with BNY Mellon. BNY Mellon serves as the Funds securities lending agent. As compensation for providing such services, BNY Mellon receives a portion of the income earned by the Funds on collateral investments in connection with the lending program.
Distributor. ALPS Distributors, Inc. serves as Distributor for the Trust. The principal address of the Distributor is 1290 Broadway, Suite 1100, Denver, Colorado 80203. The Distributor has entered into a Distribution Agreement with the Trust pursuant to which it distributes shares of each Fund. The Distribution Agreement will continue for two years from its effective date and is renewable annually. Shares are continuously offered for sale by the Funds through the Distributor only in Creation Unit Aggregations, as described in the applicable Prospectus and below in the Creation and Redemption of Creation Unit Aggregations section. Shares in less than Creation Unit Aggregations are not distributed by the Distributor. The Distributor will deliver the applicable Prospectus and, upon request, this SAI to persons purchasing Creation Unit Aggregations and will maintain records of both orders placed with it and confirmations of acceptance furnished by it. The Distributor is a broker-dealer registered under the 1934 Act and a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA). The Distributor is not affiliated with WisdomTree Investments, WisdomTree Asset Management, or any stock exchange.
The Distribution Agreement for the Funds provides that it may be terminated at any time, without the payment of any penalty, on at least sixty (60) days prior written notice to the other party (i) by vote of a majority of the independent trustees or (ii) by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the relevant Fund. The Distribution Agreement will terminate automatically in the event of its assignment (as defined in the 1940 Act).
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The Distributor may also enter into agreements with securities dealers (Soliciting Dealers) who will solicit purchases of Creation Unit Aggregations of shares. Such Soliciting Dealers may also be Authorized Participants (as defined below) or DTC Participants (as defined below).
Intermediary Compensation. WisdomTree Asset Management or its affiliates, out of their own resources and not out of Fund assets (i.e., without additional cost to the Funds or their shareholders), may pay certain broker-dealers, banks and other financial intermediaries (Intermediaries) for certain activities related to the Funds, including participation in activities that are designed to make Intermediaries more knowledgeable about exchange traded products, including the Funds, or for other activities, such as marketing and educational training or support. These arrangements are not financed by the Funds and, thus, do not result in increased Fund expenses. They are not reflected in the fees and expenses listed in the fees and expenses sections of the Funds Prospectuses, and they do not change the price paid by investors for the purchase of a Funds shares or the amount received by a shareholder as proceeds from the redemption of Fund shares.
Such compensation may be paid to Intermediaries that provide services to the Funds, including marketing and education support (such as through conferences, webinars and printed communications). WisdomTree Asset Management periodically assesses the advisability of continuing to make these payments.
Payments to an Intermediary may be significant to the Intermediary, and amounts that Intermediaries pay to your adviser, broker or other investment professional, if any, may also be significant to such adviser, broker or investment professional. Because an Intermediary may make decisions about which investment options it will make available or recommend, and what services to provide in connection with various products, based on payments it receives or is eligible to receive, such payments create conflicts of interest between the Intermediary and its clients. For example, these financial incentives may cause the Intermediary to recommend a Fund over other investments. The same conflict of interest exists with respect to your financial adviser, broker or investment professionals if he or she receives similar payments from his or her Intermediary firm.
Intermediary information is only current as of the date of this SAI. Please contact your adviser, broker or other investment professional for more information regarding any payments his or her Intermediary firm may receive. Any payments made by WisdomTree Asset Management or its affiliates to an Intermediary may create the incentive for an Intermediary to encourage customers to buy shares of WisdomTree Funds.
If you have any additional questions, please call 1-866-909-9473.
Each Sub-Adviser assumes general supervision over placing orders on behalf of each Fund for the purchase and sale of portfolio securities. In selecting the brokers or dealers for any transaction in portfolio securities, the Sub-Advisers policy is to make such selection based on factors deemed relevant, including, but not limited to, the breadth of the market in the security; the price of the security; the reasonableness of the commission or mark-up or mark-down, if any; execution capability; settlement capability; back office efficiency; and the financial condition of the broker or dealer, both for the specific transaction and on a continuing basis. The overall reasonableness of brokerage commissions paid is evaluated by each Sub-Adviser based upon its knowledge of available information as to the general level of commissions paid by other institutional investors for comparable services. Brokers may also be selected because of their ability to handle special or difficult executions, such as if they may be involved in large block trades, less liquid securities, broad distributions, or other circumstances. Each Sub-Adviser does not consider the provision or value of research, products or services a broker or dealer may provide, if any, as a factor in the selection of a broker or dealer or the determination of the reasonableness of commissions paid in connection with portfolio transactions. The Trust has adopted policies and procedures that prohibit the consideration of sales of a Funds shares as a factor in the selection of a broker or a dealer to execute its portfolio transactions. To the extent creation or redemption transactions are conducted on a cash or cash in lieu basis, a Fund may contemporaneously transact with broker-dealers for the purchase or sale of portfolio securities in connection with such transactions (see Creation and Redemption of Creation Unit Aggregations herein). Such orders may be placed with an Authorized Participant in its capacity as broker-dealer or with an affiliated broker-dealer of such Authorized Participant. In such cases, a Fund will require such broker-dealer to achieve execution at a price that is at least as favorable to the Fund as the value of such securities used to calculate the Funds NAV. The broker-dealer will be required to reimburse the Fund for, among other things, any difference between the price (including applicable brokerage commissions, taxes and transaction costs) at which such securities were bought or sold and the value of such securities used to calculate the Funds NAV. This amount will vary depending on the quality of the execution and may be capped at amounts determined by WisdomTree Asset Management in its sole discretion. The Funds did not pay brokerage commissions for the fiscal years ended August 31, 2010, 2011, and 2012 (except for the Managed Futures Strategy Fund, which paid brokerage commissions of $36,561 for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2011 and $30,360 for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2012).
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Regular Broker-Dealers
The following table lists each Fund that acquired securities of its regular brokers or dealers (as defined in the 1940 Act) or of their parents during the fiscal year ended August 31, 2012, the name of each such broker or dealer and the value of each Funds aggregate holdings of the securities of each issuer as of August 31, 2012.
Name of Fund |
Name of Broker or Dealer |
Aggregate Value of Holdings as of August 31, 2012 |
||||
Brazilian Real Fund |
Citigroup Global Markets Holdings, Inc. | $ | 8,010,510 | |||
Chinese Yuan Fund |
Barclays Bank PLC. | 12,910,710 | ||||
Citigroup, Inc. | 31,834,260 | |||||
Deutsche Bank AG. | 12,930,632 | |||||
JPMorgan Chase & Co. | 12,953,198 | |||||
Commodity Currency Fund |
Citigroup, Inc. | 1,578,580 | ||||
Emerging Currency Fund |
Citigroup, Inc. | 43,712,709 | ||||
Indian Rupee Fund |
Citigroup, Inc. | 4,358,229 | ||||
Asia Local Debt Fund |
Citigroup, Inc. | 48,515,406 | ||||
Emerging Markets Local Debt Fund |
Citigroup Global Markets Holdings, Inc | 41,043,022 |
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION CONCERNING THE TRUST
Shares. The Trust was established as a Delaware statutory trust on December 15, 2005, and consists of multiple series or funds. Each Fund issues shares of beneficial interest, with $0.001 par value. The Board may establish additional funds. The Trust is registered with the SEC as an open-end management investment company.
Each share issued by a Fund has a pro rata interest in the assets of that Fund. Shares have no preemptive, exchange, subscription or conversion rights and are freely transferable. Each share is entitled to participate equally in dividends and distributions declared by the Board of Trustees with respect to the relevant Fund, and in the net distributable assets of such Fund on liquidation.
Each share has one vote with respect to matters upon which a shareholder vote is required consistent with the requirements of the 1940 Act and the rules promulgated thereunder. Shares of all Funds vote together as a single class, except that if the matter being voted on affects only a particular Fund, or if a matter affects a particular Fund differently from other Funds, that Fund will vote separately on such matter.
Under Delaware law, the Trust is not required to hold an annual meeting of shareholders unless required to do so under the 1940 Act. The policy of the Trust is not to hold an annual meeting of shareholders unless required to do so under the 1940 Act. All shares (regardless of the Fund) have noncumulative voting rights for the Board. Under Delaware law, Trustees of the Trust may be removed by vote of the shareholders.
Following the creation of the initial Creation Unit Aggregation(s) of shares of a Fund and immediately prior to the commencement of trading in such Funds shares, a holder of shares may be a control person of the Fund, as defined in the 1940 Act. A Fund cannot predict the length of time for which one or more shareholders may remain a control person of the Fund.
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Shareholders may make inquiries by writing to the Trust, c/o ALPS Distributors, Inc. at 1290 Broadway, Suite 1100, Denver, Colorado 80203.
Absent an applicable exemption or other relief from the SEC or its staff, beneficial owners of more than 5% of the shares of a Fund may be subject to the reporting provisions of Section 13 of the 1934 Act and the SECs rules promulgated thereunder. In addition, absent an applicable exemption or other relief from the SEC staff, officers and Trustees of a Fund and beneficial owners of 10% of the shares of a Fund (Insiders) may be subject to the insider reporting, short-swing profit and short sale provisions of Section 16 of the 1934 Act and the SECs rules promulgated thereunder. Beneficial owners and Insiders should consult with their own legal counsel concerning their obligations under Sections 13 and 16 of the 1934 Act.
Termination of the Trust or a Fund. The Trust or a Fund may be terminated by a majority vote of the Board of Trustees or the affirmative vote of a super majority of the holders of the Trust or such Fund entitled to vote on termination. Although the shares are not automatically redeemable upon the occurrence of any specific event, the Trusts organizational documents provide that the Board will have the unrestricted power to alter the number of shares in a Creation Unit Aggregation. In the event of a termination of the Trust or a Fund, the Board, in its sole discretion, could determine to permit the shares to be redeemable in aggregations smaller than Creation Unit Aggregations or to be individually redeemable. In such circumstances, the Trust may make redemptions in kind, for cash, or for a combination of cash or securities.
Role of Depository Trust Company (DTC). DTC acts as Securities Depository for the shares of the Trust. Shares of each Fund are represented by securities registered in the name of DTC or its nominee and deposited with, or on behalf of, DTC.
DTC, a limited-purpose trust company, was created to hold securities of its participants (DTC Participants) and to facilitate the clearance and settlement of securities transactions among the DTC Participants in such securities through electronic book-entry changes in accounts of the DTC Participants, thereby eliminating the need for physical movement of securities certificates. DTC Participants include securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and certain other organizations, some of whom (and/or their representatives) own DTC. More specifically, DTC is owned by a number of its DTC Participants and by the Listing Exchange, the AMEX and FINRA. Access to the DTC system is also available to others such as banks, brokers, dealers and trust companies that clear through or maintain a custodial relationship with a DTC Participant, either directly or indirectly (Indirect Participants).
Beneficial ownership of shares is limited to DTC Participants, Indirect Participants and persons holding interests through DTC Participants and Indirect Participants. Ownership of beneficial interests in shares (owners of such beneficial interests are referred to herein as Beneficial Owners) is shown on, and the transfer of ownership is effected only through, records maintained by DTC (with respect to DTC Participants) and on the records of DTC Participants (with respect to Indirect Participants and Beneficial Owners that are not DTC Participants). Beneficial Owners will receive from or through the DTC Participant a written confirmation relating to their purchase of shares. No Beneficial Owner shall have the right to receive a certificate representing such shares.
Conveyance of all notices, statements and other communications to Beneficial Owners is effected as follows. Pursuant to the Depositary Agreement between the Trust and DTC, DTC is required to make available to the Trust upon request and for a fee to be charged to the Trust a listing of the shares of each Fund held by each DTC Participant. The Trust shall inquire of each such DTC Participant as to the number of Beneficial Owners holding shares, directly or indirectly, through such DTC Participant. The Trust shall provide each such DTC Participant with copies of such notice, statement or other communication, in such form and number and at such place as such DTC Participant may reasonably request, in order that such notice, statement or communication may be transmitted by such DTC Participant, directly or indirectly, to such Beneficial Owners. In addition, the Trust shall pay to each such DTC Participant a fair and reasonable amount as reimbursement for the expenses attendant to such transmittal, all subject to applicable statutory and regulatory requirements.
Share distributions shall be made to DTC or its nominee, Cede & Co., as the registered holder of all shares of the Trust. DTC or its nominee, upon receipt of any such distributions, shall immediately credit DTC Participants accounts with payments in amounts proportionate to their respective beneficial interests in shares of each Fund as shown on the records of DTC or its nominee. Payments by DTC Participants to Indirect Participants and Beneficial Owners of shares held through such DTC Participants will be governed by standing instructions and customary practices, as is now the case with securities held for the accounts of customers in bearer form or registered in a street name, and will be the responsibility of such DTC Participants.
The Trust has no responsibility or liability for any aspect of the records relating to or notices to Beneficial Owners, or payments made on account of beneficial ownership interests in such shares, or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records relating to such beneficial ownership interests, or for any other aspect of the relationship between DTC and the DTC Participants or the relationship between such DTC Participants and the Indirect Participants and Beneficial Owners owning through such DTC Participants. DTC may decide to discontinue providing its service with respect to shares of the Trust at any time by giving reasonable notice to the Trust and discharging its responsibilities with respect thereto under applicable law. Under such circumstances, the Trust shall take action to find a replacement for DTC to perform its functions at a comparable cost.
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CREATION AND REDEMPTION OF CREATION UNIT AGGREGATIONS
Creation. The Trust issues and sells shares of each Fund only in Creation Unit Aggregations on a continuous basis through the Distributor, without a sales load, at the NAV next determined after receipt, on any Business Day, of an order in proper form.
Fund Deposit. The consideration for purchase of Creation Unit Aggregations of a Fund may consist of (i) the in-kind deposit of a designated portfolio of money market instruments or fixed income securities closely approximating the holdings of the Fund, and (ii) U.S. cash and/or non-U.S. currency (the Deposit Securities) and an amount of cash denominated in U.S. dollars (the Cash Component) computed as described below. Together, the Deposit Securities and the Cash Component constitute the Fund Deposit, which represents the minimum initial and subsequent investment amount for a Creation Unit Aggregation of any Fund.
Each Fund may permit or require the submission of a basket of money market instruments, fixed income securities, non-U.S. currency or cash denominated in U.S. dollars that differs from the composition of the published basket. Each Fund may permit or require the consideration for Creation Unit Aggregations to consist solely of cash or non-U.S. currency. Each Fund may permit or require the substitution of an amount of cash denominated in U.S. dollars or non-U.S. currency (i.e., a cash in lieu amount) to be added to the Cash Component to replace any Deposit Security. For example, the Trust reserves the right to permit or require a cash in lieu amount where the delivery of the Deposit Security by the Authorized Participant (as described below) would be prohibited or restricted under applicable U.S. or non-U.S. laws, or in certain other situations at the sole discretion of the Trust.
The Cash Component is sometimes also referred to as the Balancing Amount. The Cash Component is an amount equal to the difference between the NAV of the shares (per Creation Unit Aggregation) and the value of Deposit Securities. If the Cash Component is a positive number, the Authorized Participant will deliver the Cash Component. If the Cash Component is a negative number, the Authorized Participant will receive the Cash Component. The Cash Component does not include any stamp duty tax or other similar fees and expenses payable upon transfer of beneficial ownership of the Deposit Securities. These are the sole responsibility of the Authorized Participant.
Each Fund, through the NSCC or otherwise, makes available on each Business Day, prior to the opening of business on the applicable Listing Exchange (currently 9:30 a.m. Eastern time), the list of the names and the required number of shares of each Deposit Security to be included in the current Fund Deposit (based on information at the end of the previous Business Day) for each Fund.
Such Deposit Securities are applicable, subject to any adjustments, in order to effect creations of Creation Unit Aggregations of a given Fund until such time as the next-announced composition of the Deposit Securities is made available. The identity and number of shares of the Deposit Securities required for a Fund Deposit for each Fund changes from time to time based on changes to a Funds Underlying Index and other factors.
In addition, the Trust reserves the right to permit or require the substitution of an amount of cash (i.e., a cash in lieu amount) to be added to the Cash Component at its discretion (typically 102%-110% of the value of any missing Deposit Security). For example, cash may be substituted to replace any Deposit Security that may not be available in sufficient quantity for delivery or that may not be eligible for transfer through the systems of DTC. The Trust also reserves the right to permit or require a cash in lieu amount where the delivery of the Deposit Security by the Authorized Participant (as described below) would be restricted under the securities laws or where the delivery of the Deposit Security to the Authorized Participant would result in the disposition of the Deposit Security by the Authorized Participant becoming restricted under the securities laws, or in other situations deemed appropriate by the Trust.
Procedures for Creation of Creation Unit Aggregations. To be eligible to place orders with the Distributor and to create a Creation Unit Aggregation of a Fund, an entity must be a DTC Participant and must have executed an agreement with the Distributor with respect to creations and redemptions of Creation Unit Aggregations (Participant Agreement). A DTC Participant that has entered a Participant Agreement is referred to as an Authorized Participant. Investors should contact the Distributor for the names of Authorized Participants that have signed a Participant Agreement. All shares of a Fund, however created, will be entered on the records of DTC in the name of Cede & Co. for the account of a DTC Participant.
All orders to create shares must be placed for one or more Creation Unit Aggregations. All orders to create Creation Unit Aggregations must be received by the Distributor no later than the closing time of the regular trading session on the applicable Listing Exchange (Closing Time) (ordinarily 4:00 p.m., Eastern time) on the date such orders are placed in order to receive that days NAV. All orders must be received in proper form. The date on which an order to create Creation Unit Aggregations (or an order to redeem Creation Unit Aggregations, as discussed below) is placed is referred to as the Transmittal Date. Orders must be transmitted by an Authorized Participant by telephone or other transmission method acceptable to the Distributor pursuant to procedures set forth in the Participant Agreement, as described below, which procedures may change from time to time without notice at the discretion of the Trust. Economic or market disruptions or changes, or telephone or other communication failure, may impede the ability to reach the Distributor or an Authorized Participant.
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On days when a Listing Exchange or U.S. or non-U.S. bond markets close earlier than normal, the Funds may require purchase orders to be placed earlier in the day. All questions as to the number of Deposit Securities to be delivered, and the validity, form and eligibility (including time of receipt) for the deposit of any tendered securities, will be determined by the Trust, whose determination shall be final and binding.
If BNY Mellon does not receive both the required Deposit Securities and the Cash Component by the specified time on the Settlement Date, the Trust may cancel or revoke acceptance of such order. Upon written notice to the Distributor, such canceled or revoked order may be resubmitted the following Business Day using a Fund Deposit as newly constituted to reflect the then current NAV of the Fund. The delivery of Creation Unit Aggregations so created generally will occur no later than the Settlement Date.
Creation Unit Aggregations may be created in advance of receipt by the Trust of all or a portion of the applicable Deposit Securities as described below. In these circumstances, the initial deposit will have a value greater than the NAV of the shares on the date the order is placed in proper form since, in addition to available Deposit Securities, U.S. cash (or an equivalent amount of non-U.S. currency) must be deposited in an amount equal to the sum of (i) the Cash Component, plus (ii) at least 102%, which the Trust may change from time to time, of the market value of the undelivered Deposit Securities (the Additional Cash Deposit) with the Fund pending delivery of any missing Deposit Securities.
The Authorized Participant must deposit with BNY Mellon the appropriate amount of federal funds by 2:00 p.m. Eastern time (or such other time as specified by the Trust) on the Settlement Date. If BNY Mellon does not receive the Additional Cash Deposit in the appropriate amount by such time, then the order may be deemed to be rejected and the Authorized Participant shall be liable to the Fund for losses, if any, resulting therefrom. An additional amount of U.S. cash (or an equivalent amount of non-U.S. currency) shall be required to be deposited with BNY Mellon pending delivery of the missing Deposit Securities to the extent necessary to maintain the Additional Cash Deposit with the Trust in an amount at least equal to 102%, which the Trust may change from time to time, of the daily marked-to-market value of the missing Deposit Securities. To the extent that missing Deposit Securities are not received by the specified time on the Settlement Date, or in the event a marked-to-market payment is not made within one Business Day following notification by the Distributor that such a payment is required, the Trust may use the cash on deposit to purchase the missing Deposit Securities.
The Authorized Participant will be liable to the Trust for the costs incurred by the Trust in connection with any such purchases. These costs will be deemed to include the amount by which the actual purchase price of the Deposit Securities exceeds the market value of such Deposit Securities on the Transmittal Date plus the brokerage and related transaction costs associated with such purchases. The Trust will return any unused portion of the Additional Cash Deposit once all of the missing Deposit Securities have been properly received by BNY Mellon or purchased by the Trust and deposited into the Trust. In addition, a transaction fee, as listed below, will be charged in all cases. The delivery of Creation Unit Aggregations so created generally will occur no later than the Settlement Date.
Placement of Creation Orders. With respect to any non-U.S. securities or currency, BNY Mellon shall cause the sub-custodian of the Funds to maintain an account into which the Authorized Participant shall deliver the securities included in the designated Fund Deposit (or the cash value of all or part of such securities, in the case of a permitted or required cash purchase or cash in lieu amount), with any appropriate adjustments as advised by the Trust. Deposit Securities that are non-U.S. securities or currency must be delivered to an account maintained at the applicable local sub-custodian(s). Authorized Participants must have appropriate local custodial or sub-custodial accounts in the applicable non-U.S. market in which a Fund operates for delivery and receipt of non-U.S. securities and non-U.S. currency. When a non-U.S. market is closed due to local market holidays, the settlement process for Fund Securities in that market will not commence until the end of the local holiday period.
Acceptance of Orders for Creation Unit Aggregations. The Trust reserves the absolute right to reject or revoke acceptance of a creation order transmitted to it by the Distributor in respect of any Fund. Orders may be rejected and acceptance may be revoked if, for example: (i) the order is not in proper form; (ii) the investor(s), upon obtaining the shares ordered, would own 80% or more of the currently outstanding shares of any Fund; (iii) the Deposit Securities delivered are not disseminated through the facilities of the NSCC for that date by the Fund as described above; (iv) acceptance of the Deposit Securities would have certain adverse tax consequences to the Fund; (v) acceptance of the Fund Deposit would, in the opinion of counsel, be unlawful; (vi) acceptance of the Fund Deposit would otherwise, in the discretion of the Trust or WisdomTree Asset Management, have an adverse effect on the Trust or the rights of beneficial owners; or (vii) in the event that circumstances outside the control of the Trust, BNY Mellon, the Distributor or WisdomTree Asset Management make it for all practical purposes impossible to process creation orders. Examples of such circumstances include acts of God; public service or utility problems such as fires, floods, extreme weather conditions and power outages resulting in telephone, telecopy and computer failures; market conditions or activities causing trading halts; systems failures involving computer or other information systems affecting the Trust, WisdomTree Asset Management, the Distributor, DTC, NSCC, BNY Mellon or a sub-custodian or any other participant in the creation process; and similar extraordinary events. The Distributor shall notify a prospective creator of a Creation Unit and/or the Authorized Participant acting on behalf of the creator of a Creation Unit Aggregation of its rejection of the order of such person. The Trust, BNY Mellon, a sub-custodian and the Distributor are under no duty, however, to give notification of any defects or irregularities in the delivery of Fund Deposits, nor shall any of them incur any liability for the failure to give any such notification.
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All questions as to the number of shares of each security in the Deposit Securities and the validity, form, eligibility and acceptance for deposit of any securities to be delivered shall be determined by the Trust, and the Trusts determination shall be final and binding.
Creation/Redemption Transaction Fee. Each Fund imposes a Transaction Fee on investors purchasing or redeeming Creation Units. The purpose of the Transaction Fee is to protect the existing shareholders of the Funds from the dilutive costs associated with the purchase and redemption of Creation Units. Where a Fund permits or requires cash creations (or redemptions) or cash in lieu of depositing one or more Deposit Securities, the purchaser (or redeemer) may be assessed a higher Transaction Fee to offset the transaction cost to the Fund of buying (or selling) those particular Deposit Securities. Transaction Fees will differ for each Fund, depending on the transaction expenses related to each Funds portfolio securities, and will be limited to amounts that have been determined by WisdomTree Asset Management to be appropriate. The maximum Transaction Fee, as set forth in the table below for each Fund, may be charged in cases where a Fund permits cash or cash in lieu of Deposit Securities. Investors purchasing or redeeming through the DTC process generally will pay a higher Transaction Fee than will investors doing so through the NSCC process. Also, investors who use the services of a broker or other such intermediary may be charged a fee for such services, in addition to the Transaction Fee imposed by a Fund.
The following table sets forth the standard and maximum creation and redemption transaction fees for each of the Funds. These fees may be changed by the Trust.
Fund |
Standard Creation/Redemption Transaction Fee |
Maximum Creation/Redemption Transaction Fee |
||||||
Asia Local Debt Fund |
$ | 700 | $ | 6,500 | ||||
Brazilian Real Fund |
$ | 300 | $ | 1,200 | ||||
Chinese Yuan Fund |
$ | 300 | $ | 1,200 | ||||
Commodity Currency Fund |
$ | 500 | $ | 2,000 | ||||
Emerging Currency Fund |
$ | 300 | $ | 1,200 | ||||
Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund |
$ | 1,000 | $ | 5,000 | ||||
Emerging Markets Local Debt Fund |
$ | 700 | $ | 6,500 | ||||
Euro Debt Fund |
$ | 800 | $ | 3,200 | ||||
Indian Rupee Fund |
$ | 300 | $ | 1,200 | ||||
Australia & New Zealand Debt Fund |
$ | 300 | $ | 1,200 | ||||
Managed Futures Strategy Fund |
$ | 300 | $ | 2,000 | ||||
Global Real Return Fund |
$ | 1,000 | $ | 5,000 |
Placement of Redemption Orders. The process to redeem Creation Unit Aggregations works much like the process to purchase Creation Unit Aggregations, but in reverse. Orders to redeem Creation Unit Aggregations of the Funds must be delivered through an Authorized Participant. Investors other than Authorized Participants are responsible for making arrangements for a redemption request to be made through an Authorized Participant. Orders must be accompanied or followed by the requisite number of shares of the Fund specified in such order, which delivery must be made to BNY Mellon no later than 10:00 a.m. New York time on the next Business Day following the Transmittal Date. All other procedures set forth in the Participant Agreement must be properly followed. Such procedures may change from time to time without notice at the discretion of the Trust. Authorized Participants must have appropriate custodial or sub-custodial accounts in the applicable non-U.S. market in which a Fund operates for delivery and receipt of non-U.S. securities and non-U.S. currency. Due to the schedule of holidays in certain countries, the delivery of redemption proceeds for certain Funds may take longer than three Business Days after the day on which the redemption request is received in proper form. In such cases, the local market settlement procedures will not commence until the end of the local holiday periods.
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If the requisite number of shares of the Fund is not delivered on the Transmittal Date as described above, the Fund may reject or revoke acceptance of the redemption request because the Authorized Participant has not satisfied all of the settlement requirements.
The current procedures for collateralization of missing shares require, among other things, that any cash collateral shall be in the form of U.S. dollars (or, at the discretion of the Trust, non-U.S. currency in an equivalent amount) in immediately available funds and shall be held by BNY Mellon and marked - to - market daily. The fees of BNY Mellon and any sub-custodians in respect of the delivery, maintenance and redelivery of the cash collateral shall be payable by the Authorized Participant. The Trust, on behalf of the affected Fund, is permitted to purchase the missing shares or acquire the Deposit Securities and the Cash Component underlying such shares at any time and will subject the Authorized Participant to liability for any shortfall between the cost to the Trust of purchasing such shares, Deposit Securities or Cash Component and the value of the collateral.
Cash Redemptions. Each Fund may pay out the proceeds of redemptions of Creation Unit Aggregations solely in cash or non-U.S. currency or through any combination of cash, non-U.S. currency, money market securities or fixed income securities. In addition, an investor may request a redemption in cash or non-U.S. currency that the Fund may, in its sole discretion, permit. In either case, the investor will receive a payment equal to the NAV of its shares based on the NAV of shares of the relevant Fund next determined after the redemption request is received in proper form (minus a redemption transaction fee and additional charge for requested cash redemptions specified above, to offset the Trusts brokerage and other transaction costs associated with the disposition of Fund Securities). If the Authorized Participant acts as a broker for a Fund in connection with the sale of Fund Securities, the Authorized Participant will also be required to pay certain brokerage commissions, taxes, and transaction and market impact costs as discussed under the heading Brokerage Transactions herein.
Redemptions of shares for Fund Securities will be subject to compliance with applicable federal and state securities laws, and each Fund (whether or not it otherwise permits cash redemptions) reserves the right to redeem Creation Unit Aggregations for cash (or non-U.S. currency) to the extent that the Trust could not lawfully deliver specific Fund Securities upon redemptions or could not do so without first registering the Fund Securities under such laws.
In-Kind Redemptions. The ability of the Trust to effect in-kind creations and redemptions is subject, among other things, to the condition that, within the time period from the date of the order to the date of delivery of the securities, there are no days that are holidays in the applicable foreign market. For every occurrence of one or more intervening holidays in the applicable foreign market that are not holidays observed in the U.S. equity market, the redemption settlement cycle may be extended by the number of such intervening holidays. In addition to holidays, other unforeseeable closings in a foreign market due to emergencies may also prevent the Trust from delivering securities within the normal settlement period. The Funds will not suspend or postpone redemption beyond seven days, except as permitted under Section 22(e) of the 1940 Act. Section 22(e) provides that the right of redemption may be suspended or the date of payment postponed with respect to any Fund (1) for any period during which the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) is closed (other than customary weekend and holiday closings); (2) for any period during which trading on the NYSE is suspended or restricted; (3) for any period during which an emergency exists as a result of which disposal of the shares of the Funds portfolio securities or determination of its NAV is not reasonably practicable; or (4) in such other circumstances as is permitted by the SEC.
The following discussion of certain U.S. federal income tax consequences of investing in the Funds is based on the Code, U.S. Treasury regulations, and other applicable authority, all as in effect as of the date of the filing of this SAI. These authorities are subject to change by legislative or administrative action, possibly with retroactive effect. The following discussion is only a summary of some of the important U.S. federal income tax considerations generally applicable to investments in the Funds. There may be other tax considerations applicable to particular shareholders. Shareholders should consult their own tax advisors regarding their particular situation and the possible application of foreign, state, and local tax laws.
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Qualification as a Regulated Investment Company. Each Fund has elected or intends to elect to be treated and intends to qualify each year, as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code. In order to qualify for the special tax treatment accorded RICs and their shareholders, each Fund must, among other things:
(a) derive at least 90% of its gross income each year from (i) dividends, interest, payments with respect to securities loans, gains from the sale or other disposition of stock or securities or foreign currencies, or other income (including but not limited to gains from options, futures or forward contracts) derived with respect to its business of investing in such stock, securities or currencies, and (ii) net income derived from interests in qualified publicly traded partnerships (as defined below);
(b) diversify its holdings so that, at the end of each quarter of its taxable year, (i) at least 50% of the market value of the Funds total assets consists of cash and cash items, U.S. government securities, securities of other RICs and other securities, with investments in such other securities limited with respect to any one issuer to an amount not greater than 5% of the value of the Funds total assets and not greater than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer, and (ii) not more than 25% of the value of the Funds total assets is invested in (1) the securities (other than those of the U.S. government or other RICs) of any one issuer or two or more issuers that are controlled by the Fund and that are engaged in the same, similar or related trades or businesses or (2) the securities of one or more qualified publicly traded partnerships; and
(c) distribute with respect to each taxable year an amount equal to or greater than 90% of its investment company taxable income (as that term is defined in the Code without regard to the deduction for dividends paid generally taxable ordinary income and the excess, if any, of net short-term capital gains over net long-term capital losses) and 90% of its net tax-exempt interest income.
In general, for purposes of the 90% of gross income requirement described in (a) above, income derived from a partnership will be treated as qualifying income only to the extent such income is attributable to items of income of the partnership that would be qualifying income if realized directly by a Fund. However, 100% of the net income derived from an interest in a qualified publicly traded partnership (generally, a partnership (1) interests in which are traded on an established securities market or are readily tradable on a secondary market or the substantial equivalent thereof, and (2) that derives less than 90% of its income from the qualifying income described in (a)(i) of the prior paragraph) will be treated as qualifying income. In addition, although in general the passive loss rules of the Code do not apply to RICs, such rules do apply to a RIC with respect to items attributable to an interest in a qualified publicly traded partnership.
The U.S. Treasury Department has authority to issue regulations that would exclude foreign currency gains from the 90% test described in (a) above if such gains are not directly related to a funds business of investing in stock or securities. Accordingly, regulations may be issued in the future that could treat some or all of a Funds non-U.S. currency gains as non-qualifying income, thereby potentially jeopardizing a Currency Income Funds and the Euro Debt Funds status as a RIC for all years to which the regulations are applicable.
The Managed Futures Strategy Fund and the Global Real Return Fund have each received a private letter ruling from the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) with respect to each Funds investments in certain commodity-linked notes and each Funds WisdomTree Subsidiary, which provides that the income received from both types of investments will be qualifying income to the Funds. The IRS is not currently issuing additional private letter rulings similar to those issued to the Funds with respect to the WisdomTree Subsidiaries and is reportedly reconsidering certain of the issues addressed by the rulings. If the IRS were to assert that income derived from certain commodity-linked notes or from the Funds investment in the WisdomTree Subsidiaries does not constitute qualifying income and if such assertion were upheld, the Funds might cease to qualify as RICs or could be required to reduce their exposure to such investments which may result in difficulty in implementing the Funds respective investment strategies. If the Managed Futures Strategy Fund and/or Global Real Return Fund did not qualify as a RIC for any taxable year, the Funds taxable income would be subject to tax at the Fund level and to a further tax at the shareholder level when such income is distributed. If a Fund were to fail to qualify as a RIC in any year, it would be required to pay out its earnings and profits accumulated in that year in order to qualify again as a RIC. Under certain circumstances, a Fund may be able to cure a failure to qualify as a RIC, but in order to do so the Fund may incur significant Fund-level taxes and may be forced to dispose of certain assets. If a Fund failed to qualify as a RIC for a period greater than two taxable years, the Fund would generally be required to recognize any net built-in gains with respect to certain of its assets upon a disposition of such assets within ten years of qualifying as a RIC in a subsequent year. A failure to qualify as a RIC could cause investors to incur higher tax liabilities than they otherwise would have incurred and could have a negative impact on Fund returns. In such event, the Funds Board of Trustees may determine to reorganize or close the Fund or materially change the Funds investment objective and strategies.
Taxation of the Funds. If a Fund qualifies for treatment as a RIC, that Fund will not be subject to federal income tax on income and gains that are distributed in a timely manner to its shareholders in the form of dividends.
If, for any taxable year, a Fund were to fail to qualify as a RIC or were to fail to meet the distribution requirement, it would be taxed in the same manner as an ordinary corporation and distributions to its shareholders would not be deductible by the Fund in computing its taxable income. In addition, the Funds distributions, to the extent derived from the Funds current and accumulated earnings and profits, including any distributions of net long-term capital gains, would be taxable to shareholders as ordinary dividend income for federal income tax purposes. However, such dividends would be eligible, subject to any generally applicable limitations, (i) for taxable years beginning on or before December 31, 2012, to be treated as qualified dividend income in the case of shareholders taxed as individuals and (ii) for the dividends-received deduction in the case of corporate shareholders. Moreover, the Fund would be required to pay out its earnings and profits accumulated in that year in order to qualify for treatment as a RIC in a subsequent year. Under certain circumstances, a Fund may be able to cure a failure to qualify as a RIC, but in order to do so the Fund may incur significant Fund-level taxes and may be forced to dispose of certain assets. If a Fund failed to qualify as a RIC for a period greater than two taxable years, the Fund would generally be required to recognize any net built-in gains with respect to certain of its assets upon a disposition of such assets within ten years of qualifying as a RIC in a subsequent year.
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Each Fund intends to distribute at least annually substantially all of its investment company taxable income and net capital gains. Investment company taxable income that is retained by a Fund will be subject to tax at regular corporate rates. If a Fund retains any net capital gain, that gain will be subject to tax at corporate rates, but the Fund may designate the retained amount as undistributed capital gains in a notice to its shareholders who (i) will be required to include in income for federal income tax purposes, as long-term capital gain, their shares of such undistributed amount, (ii) will be deemed to have paid their proportionate shares of the tax paid by the Fund on such undistributed amount against their federal income tax liabilities, if any, and (iii) will be entitled to claim refunds on a properly filed U.S. tax return to the extent the credit exceeds such liabilities. For federal income tax purposes, the tax basis of shares owned by a shareholder of the Fund will be increased by an amount equal to the difference between the amount of undistributed capital gains included in the shareholders gross income and the tax deemed paid by the shareholder.
If the Fund fails to distribute in a calendar year an amount at least equal to the sum of 98% of its ordinary income for such year and 98.2% of its capital gain net income for the one-year period ending October 31 of such year, plus any retained amount from the prior year, the Fund will be subject to a non-deductible 4% excise tax on the undistributed amount. For these purposes, a Fund will be treated as having distributed any amount on which it has been subject to corporate income tax in the taxable year ending within the calendar year. Each Fund intends to declare and pay dividends and distributions in the amounts and at the times necessary to avoid the application of the 4% excise tax, although there can be no assurance that it will be able to do so.
A Fund may elect to treat part or all of any qualified late year loss as if it had been incurred in the succeeding taxable year in determining the Funds taxable income, net capital gain, net short-term capital gain, and earning and profits. A qualified late year loss generally includes net capital loss, net long-term capital loss, or net short-term capital loss incurred after October 31 of the current taxable year, and certain other late-year losses.
If a Fund has a net capital loss (that is, capital losses in excess of capital gains) for a taxable year beginning after December 22, 2010 (a Post-2010 Loss), the excess of the Funds net short-term capital losses over its net long-term capital gains is treated as a short-term capital loss arising on the first day of the Funds next taxable year, and the excess (if any) of the Funds net long-term capital losses over its net short-term capital gains is treated as a long-term capital loss arising on the first day of the Funds next taxable year. A Funds unused capital loss carryforwards that arose in tax years that began on or before December 22, 2010 (Pre-2011 Losses) are available to be applied against future capital gains, if any, realized by the Fund prior to the expiration of those carryforwards, generally eight taxable years after the year in which they arose. A Funds Pre-2011 Losses must be fully utilized before the Fund will be permitted to utilize any carryforwards of Post-2010 Losses.
Fund Distributions. Distributions are taxable whether shareholders receive them in cash or reinvest them in additional shares. Moreover, distributions on the Funds shares are generally subject to federal income tax as described herein to the extent they do not exceed the Funds realized income and gains, even though such distributions may economically represent a return of a particular shareholders investment. Investors may therefore wish to avoid purchasing shares at a time when a Funds NAV reflects gains that are either unrealized, or realized but not distributed. Realized gains must generally be distributed even when the Funds NAV also reflects unrealized losses.
Dividends and other distributions by a Fund are generally treated under the Code as received by the shareholders at the time the dividend or distribution is made. However, if any dividend or distribution is declared by a Fund in October, November or December of any calendar year and payable to its shareholders of record on a specified date in such a month but is actually paid during the following January, such dividend or distribution will be deemed to have been received by each shareholder on December 31 of the year in which the dividend was declared.
Distributions by each Fund of investment income are generally taxable as ordinary income. Taxes on distributions of capital gains are determined by how long a Fund owned the investments that generated those gains, rather than how long a shareholder has owned his or her Fund shares. Sales of assets held by a Fund for more than one year generally result in long-term capital gains and losses, and sales of assets held by a Fund for one year or less generally result in short-term capital gains and losses. Distributions from a Funds net capital gain (the excess of the Funds net long-term capital gain over its net short-term capital loss) that are properly reported by the Fund as capital gain dividends (Capital Gain Dividends) will be taxable as long-term capital gains. Long-term capital gain rates applicable to individuals have been temporarily reduced in general, to 15% with a 0% rate applying to taxpayers in the 10% and 15% rate brackets for taxable years beginning before January 1, 2013. Distributions of gains from the sale of investments that the Fund owned for one year or less will be taxable as ordinary income.
Since the Funds will invest primarily in investments other than stock of U.S. corporations, the Funds do not expect a substantial portion of their dividends to qualify for the dividends-received deduction available to corporate shareholders.
Dividends and distributions from a Fund will generally be taken into account in determining a shareholders net investment income for purposes of the Medicare contribution tax applicable to certain individuals, estates and trusts for taxable years beginning after December 31, 2012.
If a Fund makes distributions to a shareholder in excess of the Funds current and accumulated earnings and profits in any taxable year, the excess distribution will be treated as a return of capital to the extent of that shareholders tax basis in its shares, and thereafter as capital gain, assuming the shareholder holds his or her shares as capital assets. A return of capital is not taxable, but reduces a shareholders tax basis in its shares, thus reducing any loss or increasing any gain on a subsequent taxable disposition by the shareholder of its shares.
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Sale or Exchange of Shares. A sale or exchange of shares in the Funds may give rise to a gain or loss. In general, any gain or loss realized upon a taxable disposition of shares will be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the shares have been held for more than 12 months. Otherwise, the gain or loss on the taxable disposition of shares will be treated as short-term capital gain or loss. However, any loss realized upon a taxable disposition of shares held for six months or less will be treated as long-term, rather than short-term, to the extent of any long-term capital gain distributions received (or deemed received) by the shareholder with respect to the shares. All or a portion of any loss realized upon a taxable disposition of shares will be disallowed if substantially identical shares of the Fund are purchased within 30 days before or after the disposition. In such a case, the basis of the newly purchased shares will be adjusted to reflect the disallowed loss.
Backup Withholding. The Funds (or financial intermediaries, such as brokers, through which a shareholder holds Fund shares) generally are required to withhold and to remit to the U.S. Treasury a percentage of the taxable distributions and sale or redemption proceeds paid to any shareholder who fails to properly furnish a correct taxpayer identification number, who has under-reported dividend or interest income, or who fails to certify that he, she or it is not subject to such withholding.
Federal Tax Treatment of Certain Fund Investments. Transactions of the Funds in options, futures contracts, hedging transactions, forward contracts, swap agreements, straddles and foreign currencies may be subject to various special and complex tax rules, including mark-to-market, constructive sale, straddle, wash sale and short sale rules. These rules could affect whether gains and losses recognized by a Fund are treated as ordinary income or capital gain, accelerate the recognition of income to a Fund and/or defer a Funds ability to recognize losses. These rules may in turn affect the amount, timing or character of the income distributed to shareholders by the Fund.
Each Fund is required, for federal income tax purposes, to mark to market and recognize as income for each taxable year its net unrealized gains and losses as of the end of such year on certain regulated futures contracts, foreign currency contracts and options that qualify as Section 1256 contracts in addition to the gains and losses actually realized with respect to such contracts during the year. Except as described below under Certain Foreign Currency Tax Issues, gain or loss from Section 1256 contracts that are required to be marked to market annually will generally be 60% long-term and 40% short-term capital gain or loss. Application of this rule may alter the timing and character of distributions to shareholders.
Some debt obligations that are acquired by a Fund may be treated as having original issue discount (OID). Generally, a Fund will be required to include OID in taxable income over the term of the debt security, even though payment of the OID is not received until a later time, usually when the debt security matures. If a Fund holds such debt instruments, it may be required to pay out as distributions each year an amount that is greater than the total amount of cash interest the Fund actually received. Such distributions may be made from the cash assets of the Fund or by liquidation of portfolio securities, if necessary. A Fund may realize gains or losses from such liquidations. In the event a Fund realizes net gains from such transactions, its shareholders may receive larger distributions than they would have in the absence of such transactions.
Some of the Funds may invest in inflation-linked debt securities. Any increase in the principal amount of an inflation-linked debt security will be OID, which is taxable as ordinary income and is required to be distributed, even though the Fund will not receive the principal, including any increase thereto, until maturity. A Fund investing in such securities may be required to liquidate other investments, including at times when it is not advantageous to do so, in order to satisfy its distribution requirements and to eliminate any possible taxation at the Fund level.
Certain Foreign Currency Tax Issues. The Euro Debt Fund intends to adopt and use as its functional currency for U.S. federal income tax purposes its designated currency rather than the U.S. dollar. Accordingly, if the Fund meets certain requirements relating to conducting business in euros, the Fund generally is not expected to recognize gains or losses on its euro - denominated debt securities due to fluctuations in the value of the euro relative to the U.S. dollar. The Euro Debt Fund may, however, recognize foreign currency gain or loss based on fluctuations in the value of the euro relative to the U.S. dollar between the date on which a dividend is declared and the date on which the dividend is paid.
For the other Funds, which will have the U.S. dollar as their functional currency, gain or loss on foreign currency denominated debt securities and on certain other financial instruments, such as forward currency contracts and currency swaps, that is attributable to fluctuations in exchange rates occurring between the date of acquisition and the date of settlement or disposition of such securities or instruments generally will be treated under Section 988 of the Code as ordinary income or loss. A Fund may elect out of the application of Section 988 of the Code with respect to the tax treatment of each of its foreign currency forward contracts to the extent that (i) such contract is a capital asset in the hands of the Fund and is not part of a straddle transaction and (ii) the Fund makes an election by the close of the day the contract is entered into to treat the gain or loss attributable to such contract as capital gain or loss.
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The Currency Income Funds forward contracts may qualify as so-called Section 1256 contracts if the underlying currencies are currencies for which there are futures contracts that are traded on and subject to the rules of a qualified board or exchange. However, a forward currency contract that is a Section 1256 contract would, absent an election out of Section 988 of the Code as described in the preceding paragraph, be subject to Section 988. Accordingly, although such a forward currency contract would be marked to market annually like other Section 1256 contracts, the resulting gain or loss would be ordinary. If a Fund were to elect out of Section 988 with respect to forward currency contracts that qualify as Section 1256 contracts, the tax treatment generally applicable to Section 1256 contracts would apply to those forward currency contracts: that is, the contracts would be marked to market annually and gains and losses with respect to the contracts would be treated as long-term capital gains or losses to the extent of 60% thereof and short-term capital gains or losses to the extent of 40% thereof. If a Fund were to elect out of Section 988 with respect to any of its forward currency contracts that do not qualify as Section 1256 contracts, such contracts will not be marked to market annually and the Fund will recognize short-term or long-term capital gain or loss depending on the Funds holding period therein. A Currency Income Fund may elect out of Section 988 with respect to some, all or none of its forward currency contracts.
Finally, regulated futures contracts and non-equity options that qualify as Section 1256 contracts and are entered into by a Fund with respect to foreign currencies or foreign currency denominated debt instruments will be subject to the tax treatment generally applicable to Section 1256 contracts unless the Fund elects to have Section 988 apply to determine the character of gains and losses from all such regulated futures contracts and non-equity options held or later acquired by the Fund.
Funds Holding Foreign Investments. Income received by the Funds from sources within foreign countries (including, for example, interest on securities of non-U.S. issuers) may be subject to withholding and other taxes imposed by such countries. Tax treaties between such countries and the U.S. may reduce or eliminate such taxes. If more than 50% of the value of a Funds assets at the close of any taxable year consists of stock or securities of foreign corporations, which for this purpose may include obligations of foreign governmental issuers, the Fund may elect, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, to treat any foreign income or withholding taxes paid by the Fund as paid by its shareholders. For any year that a Fund is eligible for and makes such an election, each shareholder of the that Fund will be required to include in income an amount equal to his or her allocable share of qualified foreign income taxes paid by the Fund, and shareholders will be entitled, subject to certain holding period requirements and other limitations, to credit their portions of these amounts against their U.S. federal income tax due, if any, or to deduct their portions from their U.S. taxable income, if any. No deductions for foreign taxes paid by a Fund may be claimed, however, by non-corporate shareholders who do not itemize deductions. Foreign taxes paid by a Fund will reduce the return from the Funds investments.
Tax-Exempt Shareholders. Under current law, income of a RIC that would be treated as unrelated business taxable income (UBTI) if earned directly by a tax-exempt entity generally will not be attributed as UBTI to a tax-exempt entity that is a shareholder in the RIC. Notwithstanding this blocking effect, a tax-exempt shareholder could realize UBTI by virtue of its investment in a Fund if shares in the Fund constitute debt-financed property in the hands of the tax-exempt shareholder within the meaning of Code Section 514(b).
Non-U.S. Shareholders. In general, dividends other than Capital Gain Dividends paid by a Fund to a shareholder that is not a U.S. person within the meaning of the Code (a foreign person) are subject to withholding of U.S. federal income tax at a rate of 30% (or lower applicable treaty rate) even if they are funded by income or gains (such as portfolio interest, short-term capital gains, or foreign-source dividend and interest income) that, if paid to a foreign person directly, would not be subject to withholding.
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A beneficial holder of shares who is a non-U.S. person is not, in general, subject to U.S. federal income tax on gains (and is not allowed a U.S. income tax deduction for losses) realized on a sale of shares of a Fund or on Capital Gain Dividends unless (i) such gain or dividend is effectively connected with the conduct of a trade or business carried on by such holder within the United States or (ii) in the case of an individual holder, the holder is present in the United States for a period or periods aggregating 183 days or more during the year of the sale or the receipt of the Capital Gain Dividend and certain other conditions are met.
Ordinary dividends, redemption payments and certain capital gain dividends paid after December 31, 2013 to a non-U.S. shareholder that fails to make certain required certifications, or that is a foreign financial institution as defined in Section 1471 of the Code and that does not meet the requirements imposed on foreign financial institutions by Section 1471, are generally subject to withholding tax at a 30% rate. Under current IRS guidance, withholding on such payments will begin at different times depending on the type of payment, the type of payee, and whether the shareholders account is opened before or after January 1, 2014. Withholding with respect to ordinary dividends is currently scheduled to begin on January 1, 2014 for accounts opened on or after that date and on certain later dates for accounts opened before January 1, 2014. Withholding on redemption payments and certain Capital Gain Dividends is currently scheduled to begin on January 1, 2017. The extent, if any, to which such withholding tax may be reduced or eliminated by an applicable tax treaty is unclear.
In order for a non-U.S. person to qualify for an exemption from backup withholding, the foreign investor must comply with special certification and filing requirements. Foreign investors in the Funds should consult their tax advisors in this regard. Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld may be credited against the shareholders U.S. federal income tax liability, provided the appropriate information is furnished to the Internal Revenue Service.
A beneficial holder of shares who is a non-U.S. person may be subject to the U.S. federal estate tax in addition to the federal income tax consequences referred to above. If a shareholder is eligible for the benefits of a tax treaty, any effectively connected income or gain will generally be subject to U.S. federal income tax on a net basis only if it is also attributable to a permanent establishment maintained by the shareholder in the United States.
Creation and Redemption of Creation Unit Aggregations. An Authorized Participant having the U.S. dollar as its functional currency for U.S. federal tax purposes that exchanges money market securities or non-U.S. currency for Creation Unit Aggregations generally will recognize a gain or loss equal to the difference between (i) the sum of the market value of the Creation Unit Aggregations at the time of the exchange and any cash received by the Authorized Participant in the exchange, and (ii) the sum of the exchangers aggregate basis in the money market securities or non-U.S. currency surrendered and any cash paid for such Creation Unit Aggregations. All or a portion of any gain or loss recognized by an Authorized Participant exchanging a currency other than its functional currency for Creation Units may be treated as ordinary income or loss. A person who redeems Creation Unit Aggregations for money market securities or non-U.S. currency will generally recognize a gain or loss equal to the difference between the exchangers basis in the Creation Unit Aggregations and the sum of the aggregate U.S. dollar market value of the securities or non-U.S. currency plus the amount of any cash received for such Creation Unit Aggregations. The IRS, however, may assert that a loss that is realized by an Authorized Participant upon an exchange of securities or non-U.S. currency for Creation Unit Aggregations cannot be currently deducted under the rules governing wash sales. Gain or loss recognized by an Authorized Participant upon an issuance of Creation Unit Aggregations in exchange for non-U.S. currency will generally be treated as ordinary income or loss. Gain or loss recognized by an Authorized Participant upon an issuance of Creation Unit Aggregations in exchange for money market securities, or upon a redemption of Creation Unit Aggregations, may be capital or ordinary gain or loss depending on the circumstances. All or some portion of any capital gain or loss realized upon the issuance of Creation Unit Aggregations in exchange for money market securities will generally be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if securities exchanged for such Creation Unit Aggregations have been held for more than one year. Any capital gain or loss realized upon the redemption of Creation Unit Aggregations will generally be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the Creation Unit Aggregations have been held for more than one year. Otherwise, such gains or losses are treated as short-term capital gains or losses.
A person subject to U.S. federal income tax who receives non-U.S. currency upon a redemption of Creation Unit Aggregations and does not immediately convert the non-U.S. currency into U.S. dollars may, upon a later conversion of the non-U.S. currency into U.S. dollars, or upon the use of the non-U.S. currency to pay expenses or acquire assets, recognize as ordinary gains or losses any gains or losses resulting from fluctuations in the value of the non-U.S. currency relative to the U.S. dollar since the date of the redemption.
Persons exchanging securities or non-U.S. currency for Creation Unit Aggregations should consult their own tax advisors with respect to the tax treatment of any creation or redemption transaction. If you purchase or redeem Creation Unit Aggregations, you will be sent a confirmation statement showing how many shares you purchased or redeemed and at what price.
Section 351. The Trust on behalf of each Fund has the right to reject an order for a purchase of shares of the Trust if the purchaser (or a group of purchasers) would, upon obtaining the shares so ordered, own 80% or more of the outstanding shares of a given Fund and if, pursuant to Section 351 of the Code, that Fund would have a basis in the securities different from the market value of such securities on the date of deposit. The Trust also has the right to require information necessary to determine beneficial share ownership for purposes of the 80% determination.
Certain Reporting Regulations. Under U.S. Treasury regulations, if a shareholder recognizes a loss of $2 million or more for an individual shareholder or $10 million or more for a corporate shareholder, the shareholder must file with the IRS a disclosure statement on Form 8886. Direct shareholders of portfolio securities are in many cases excepted from this reporting requirement, but under current guidance, shareholders of a RIC are not excepted. The fact that a loss is reportable under these regulations does not affect the legal determination of whether the taxpayers treatment of the loss is proper. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors to determine the applicability of these regulations in light of their individual circumstances.
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Tax Implications of Investment in the WisdomTree Subsidiaries. The Managed Futures Strategy Fund and Global Real Return Fund each intends to invest up to 25% of its assets in its respective WisdomTree Subsidiary, which is intended to provide the Fund with exposure to the commodity and currency markets within the limitations of the federal tax requirement under Subchapter M of the Code.
Each WisdomTree Subsidiary is classified as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes. A foreign corporation, such as each WisdomTree Subsidiary, will generally not be subject to U.S. federal income taxation unless it is deemed to be engaged in a U.S. trade or business. It is expected that each WisdomTree Subsidiary will conduct its activities in a manner so as to meet the requirements of a safe harbor under Section 864(b)(2) of the Code (the Safe Harbor) pursuant to which each WisdomTree Subsidiary, provided it is not a dealer in stocks, securities or commodities, may engage in the following activities without being deemed to be engaged in a U.S. trade or business: (1) trading in stocks or securities (including contracts or options to buy or sell securities) for its own account; and (2) trading, for its own account, in commodities that are of a kind customarily dealt in on an organized commodity exchange if the transaction is of a kind customarily consummated at such place. Thus, each WisdomTree Subsidiarys securities and commodities trading activities are not expected to constitute a U.S. trade or business. However, if certain of a WisdomTree Subsidiarys activities were determined not to be of the type described in the Safe Harbor or if a WisdomTree Subsidiarys gains are attributable to investments in securities that constitute U.S. real property interests (which is not expected), then the activities of that WisdomTree Subsidiary may constitute a U.S. trade or business, or be taxed as such.
In general, a foreign corporation that does not conduct a U.S. trade or business is nonetheless subject to tax at a flat rate of 30 percent (or lower tax treaty rate), generally payable through withholding, on the gross amount of certain U.S.-source income that is not effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business. There is presently no tax treaty in force between the U.S. and the Cayman Islands that would reduce this rate of withholding tax. Income subject to such a flat tax includes dividends and certain interest income. The 30% tax does not apply to U.S.-source capital gains (whether long-term or short-term) or to interest paid to a foreign corporation on its deposits with U.S. banks. The 30 percent tax also does not apply to interest which qualifies as portfolio interest. The term portfolio interest generally includes interest (including original issue discount) on an obligation in registered form which has been issued after July 18, 1984 and with respect to which the person, who would otherwise be required to deduct and withhold the 30% tax, received the required statement that the beneficial owner of the obligation is not a U.S. person within the meaning of the Code. Under certain circumstances, interest on bearer obligations may also be considered portfolio interest.
Each of the Managed Futures Strategy Fund and the Global Real Return Fund will wholly own its respective WisdomTree Subsidiary. A U.S. person who owns (directly, indirectly or constructively) 10% or more of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock of a foreign corporation is a U.S. Shareholder for purposes of the Controlled Foreign Corporation (CFC) provisions of the Code. A foreign corporation is a CFC if, on any day of its taxable year, more than 50% of the voting power or value of its stock is owned (directly, indirectly or constructively) by U.S. Shareholders. Because the Managed Futures Strategy Fund and the Global Real Return Fund are each a U.S. person that will own all of the stock of its respective WisdomTree Subsidiary, each of the Managed Futures Strategy Fund and the Global Real Return Fund will be a U.S. Shareholder and each WisdomTree Subsidiary will be a CFC. As a U.S. Shareholder, the Managed Futures Strategy Fund and the Global Real Return Fund will each be required to include in its gross income for United States federal income tax purposes its WisdomTree Subsidiarys subpart F income (described below), whether or not such income is distributed by the WisdomTree Subsidiary. It is expected that all of each WisdomTree Subsidiarys income will be subpart F income. Subpart F income generally includes interest, original issue discount, dividends, net gains from the disposition of stocks or securities, receipts with respect to securities loans and net payments received with respect to equity swaps and similar derivatives. Subpart F income also includes the excess of gains over losses from transactions (including futures, forward and similar transactions) in any commodities. The Managed Futures Strategy Funds and the Global Real Return Funds recognition of its respective WisdomTree Subsidiarys subpart F income will increase each Funds tax basis in its WisdomTree Subsidiary. Distributions by each WisdomTree Subsidiary to its respective Fund will be tax-free, to the extent of its previously undistributed subpart F income, and will correspondingly reduce the Funds tax basis in the WisdomTree Subsidiary. Subpart F income is generally treated as ordinary income, regardless of the character of the WisdomTree Subsidiarys underlying income.
In general, each U.S. Shareholder is required to file IRS Form 5471 with its U.S. federal income tax (or information) returns providing information about its ownership of the CFC. In addition, a U.S. Shareholder may in certain circumstances be required to report a disposition of shares in the WisdomTree Subsidiary by attaching IRS Form 5471 to its U.S. federal income tax (or information) return that it would normally file for the taxable year in which the disposition occurs. In general, these filing requirements will apply to investors of the Fund if the investor is a U.S. person who owns directly, indirectly or constructively (within the meaning of Sections 958(a) and (b) of the Code) 10% or more of the total combined voting power of all classes of voting stock of a foreign corporation that is a CFC for an uninterrupted period of thirty (30) days or more during any tax year of the foreign corporation, and who owned that stock on the last day of that year.
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General Considerations. The federal income tax discussion set forth above is for general information only. Prospective investors should consult their tax advisors regarding the specific federal income tax consequences of purchasing, holding and disposing of shares of the Funds, as well as the effect of state, local and foreign tax law and any proposed tax law changes.
The NAV of each Funds shares is calculated each day the NYSE is open for trading as of the close of regular trading, generally 4:00 p.m. New York time. NAV per share is calculated by dividing a Funds net assets by the number of Fund shares outstanding. The prices at which creations and redemptions occur are based on the next calculation of NAV after an order is received in proper form as described in the Participant Agreement.
In calculating a Funds NAV, Fund investments generally are valued using market valuations. Short-term debt securities with remaining maturities of 60 days or less generally are valued on the basis of amortized cost, which approximates fair value. U.S. fixed income assets may be valued as of the announced closing time for such securities on any day that the Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association announces an early closing time. The values of any assets or liabilities denominated in a currency other than the U.S. dollar are converted into U.S. dollars using an exchange rate deemed appropriate by the Fund.
In certain instances, such as when reliable market valuations are not readily available or are not deemed to reflect current market values, a Funds affected investments will be valued in accordance with the Funds pricing policy and procedures. For these purposes, a price based on amortized cost is considered a market valuation. Securities that may be valued using fair value pricing may include, but are not limited to, instruments for which there are no current market quotations or whose issuer is in default or bankruptcy, securities subject to corporate actions (such as mergers or reorganizations), securities subject to non-U.S. investment limits or currency controls, and securities affected by significant events. An example of a significant event is an event occurring after the close of the market in which a security trades but before a Funds next NAV calculation time that may materially affect the value of a Funds investment (e.g., government action, or natural disaster). Price movements in U.S. markets that are deemed to affect the value of foreign securities, or reflect changes to the value of such securities, also may cause securities to be fair valued. When fair-value pricing is employed, the prices of securities used by a Fund to calculate its NAV may differ from quoted or published prices for the same securities.
Fund shares are purchased or sold on a national securities exchange at market prices, which may be higher or lower than NAV. No secondary sales will be made to brokers or dealers at a concession by the Distributor or by a Fund. Purchases and sales of shares in the secondary market, which will not involve a Fund, will be subject to the customary brokerage commissions and charges. Transactions in Fund shares will be priced at NAV only if you purchase or redeem shares directly from a Fund in Creation Units.
Each Fixed Income Fund intends to pay out dividends, if any, on a monthly basis but in any event no less frequently than annually. The Global Real Return Fund intends to pay out dividends, if any, quarterly, but in any event no less frequently than annually. Each Currency Fund and the Managed Futures Strategy Fund intend to pay out dividends, if any, on an annual basis.
Each Fund distributes its net realized capital gains, if any, to investors annually. The Funds may occasionally be required to make supplemental distributions at some other time during the year. Distributions in cash may be reinvested automatically in additional whole shares only if the broker through whom you purchased shares makes such option available. Your broker is responsible for distributing the income and capital gain distributions to you.
The Trust reserves the right to declare special distributions if, in its reasonable discretion, such action is necessary or advisable to preserve the status of each Fund as a RIC or to avoid imposition of income or excise taxes on undistributed income.
The audited financial statements, including the financial highlights appearing in the Trusts Annual Report to Shareholders for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2012 and filed electronically with the SEC, are incorporated by reference and made part of this SAI. You may request a copy of the Trusts Annual Report at no charge by calling 1-866-909-9473 or through the Trusts website at www.wisdomtree.com.
Counsel. Bingham McCutchen LLP, with offices located at 2020 K Street, NW, Washington, DC 20006 serves as legal counsel to the Trust.
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. Ernst & Young LLP, with offices located at 5 Times Square, New York, New York 10036, serves as the independent registered public accounting firm to the Trust.
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Part C: Other Information
Item 28. | Exhibits |
(a)(1) | Trust Instrument of WisdomTree Trust (the Trust or the Registrant) dated December 15, 2005 is incorporated herein by reference to exhibit (a) of Registrants Initial Registration Statement on Form N-1A, filed with the U.S. Securities Exchange Commission (the SEC) on March 13, 2006. | |
(a)(2) | Schedule A, as revised August 2012, to the Trust Instrument dated December 15, 2005 is incorporated herein by reference to exhibit (a)(2) of Registrants Post-Effective Amendment No. 131, filed with the SEC on September 10, 2012. | |
(a)(3) | Revised Schedule A, reflecting the addition of the WisdomTree Global Corporate Bond Fund, to the Trust Instrument dated December 15, 2005 to be filed by amendment. | |
(a)(4) | Certificate of Trust, as filed with the State of Delaware on December 15, 2005, is incorporated herein by reference to exhibit (a)(2) of Registrants Initial Registration Statement on Form N-1A, filed with the SEC on March 13, 2006. | |
(b) | By-Laws of the Registrant are incorporated herein by reference to exhibit (b) of Registrants Initial Registration Statement on Form N-1A, filed with the SEC on March 13, 2006. | |
(c) | Portions of the Registrants Trust Instrument and By-Laws defining the rights of holders of shares of the Registrant are incorporated herein by reference to Article II, Sections 2, 3 and 8, and Articles III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX and X of the Registrants Trust Instrument dated December 15, 2005, filed as Exhibit (a)(1) to Registrants Initial Registration Statement on Form N-1A, filed with the SEC on March 13, 2006; and to Articles I, V, and VI of the Registrants By-Laws, filed as Exhibit (b) to Registrants Initial Registration Statement on Form N-1A, filed with SEC on March 13, 2006. | |
(d)(1) | Investment Advisory Agreement dated November 20, 2012 between the Registrant and WisdomTree Asset Management, Inc., is filed herewith. | |
(d)(2) | Revised Schedule A, reflecting the addition of the WisdomTree Global Corporate Bond Fund, to the Investment Advisory Agreement dated November 20, 2012 between the Registrant and WisdomTree Asset Management, Inc., to be filed by amendment. | |
(d)(3) | Form of Sub-Advisory Agreement dated November 20, 2012 between WisdomTree Asset Management, Inc., on behalf of the WisdomTree Dreyfus Commodity Currency Fund, WisdomTree Dreyfus Emerging Currency Fund, WisdomTree Dreyfus Brazilian Real Fund, WisdomTree Dreyfus Chinese Yuan Fund, WisdomTree Dreyfus Indian Rupee Fund, WisdomTree Dreyfus South African Rand Fund, WisdomTree Dreyfus Japanese Yen Fund, WisdomTree Euro Debt Fund, WisdomTree Australia & New Zealand Debt Fund and WisdomTree Emerging Markets Local Debt Fund, and Mellon Capital Management Corporation and The Dreyfus Corporation, is filed herewith. | |
(d)(4) | Form of Sub-Advisory Agreement dated November 20, 2012 between WisdomTree Asset Management, Inc., on behalf of all series of the Trust with the exception of WisdomTree Dreyfus Commodity Currency Fund, WisdomTree Dreyfus Emerging Currency Fund, WisdomTree Dreyfus Brazilian Real Fund, WisdomTree Dreyfus Chinese Yuan Fund, WisdomTree Dreyfus Indian Rupee Fund, WisdomTree Dreyfus South African Rand Fund, WisdomTree Dreyfus Japanese Yen Fund, WisdomTree Euro Debt Fund, WisdomTree Australia & New Zealand Debt Fund, WisdomTree Emerging Markets Local Debt Fund, WisdomTree LargeCap Growth Fund, WisdomTree Europe Hedged Equity Fund, WisdomTree Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund, WisdomTree China Dividend ex-Financials Fund and WisdomTree Global Corporate Bond Fund, and Mellon Capital Management Corporation, is filed herewith. | |
(d)(5) | Form of Sub-Advisory Agreement dated November 20, 2012 between WisdomTree Asset Management, Inc., on behalf of the WisdomTree LargeCap Growth Fund and WisdomTree Europe Hedged Equity Fund, and Mellon Capital Management Corporation, is filed herewith. | |
(d)(6) | Form of Sub-Advisory Agreement dated November 20, 2012 between WisdomTree Asset Management, Inc., on behalf of the WisdomTree Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund, and Western Asset Management Company, is filed herewith. | |
(d)(7) | Form of Sub-Advisory Agreement dated November 20, 2012 between WisdomTree Asset Management, Inc., on behalf of the WisdomTree China Dividend ex-Financials Fund, and Old Mutual Global Index Trackers (Proprietary) Limited, is filed herewith. | |
(d)(8) | Sub-Advisory Agreement between WisdomTree Asset Management, Inc., on behalf of the WisdomTree Global Corporate Bond Fund, and Western Asset Management Company, to be filed by amendment. | |
(d)(9) | Investment Advisory Agreement dated February 14, 2008 between WisdomTree Asset Management, Inc. and WisdomTree India Investment Portfolio, Inc. is incorporated herein by reference to exhibit (d)(7) of Registrants Post-Effective Amendment No. 14, filed with the SEC on April 4, 2008. | |
(d)(10) | Form of Sub-Advisory Agreement dated November 20, 2012 between WisdomTree Asset Management, Inc., on behalf of the WisdomTree India Investment Portfolio Inc., and Mellon Capital Management Corporation, is filed herewith. |
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(e)(1) | Distribution Agreement dated March 21, 2006 between the Registrant and ALPS Distributors, Inc. is incorporated herein by reference to exhibit (e)(1) of Registrants Post-Effective Amendment No. 2, filed with the SEC on September 29, 2006. | |
(e)(2) | Amendment No. 1 to the Distribution Agreement dated March 21, 2006 between the Registrant and ALPS Distributors, Inc. to be filed by amendment. | |
(e)(3) | Amendment No. 2 and revised Exhibit A, dated August 29, 2012, to the Distribution Agreement dated March 21, 2006 between the Registrant and ALPS Distributors, Inc. is incorporated herein by reference to exhibit (e)(2) of Registrants Post-Effective Amendment No. 131, filed with the SEC on September 10, 2012. | |
(e)(4) | Amendment and revised Exhibit A, reflecting the addition of the WisdomTree Global Corporate Bond Fund, to the Distribution Agreement dated March 21, 2006 between the Registrant and ALPS Distributors, Inc. to be filed by amendment. | |
(e)(5) | Form of Authorized Participant Agreement is incorporated herein by reference to exhibit (e)(2) of Registrants Initial Registration Statement on Form N-1A, filed with the SEC on March 13, 2006. | |
(f) | Not applicable. | |
(g)(1) | Custody Agreement dated May 24, 2006 between the Registrant and The Bank of New York is incorporated herein by reference to exhibit (g)(1) of Registrants Post-Effective Amendment No. 2, filed with the SEC on September 29, 2006. | |
(g)(2) | Schedule II, as revised August 29, 2012, to the Custody Agreement dated May 24, 2006 between the Registrant and The Bank of New York is incorporated herein by reference to exhibit (g)(2) of Registrants Post-Effective Amendment No. 131, filed with the SEC on September 10, 2012. | |
(g)(3) | Revised Schedule II, reflecting the addition of the WisdomTree Global Corporate Bond Fund, to the Custody Agreement dated May 24, 2006 between the Registrant and The Bank of New York to be filed by amendment. | |
(g)(4) | Foreign Custody Manager Agreement dated May 24, 2006 between the Registrant and The Bank of New York is incorporated herein by reference to exhibit (g)(2) of Registrants Post-Effective Amendment No. 2, filed with the SEC on September 29, 2006. | |
(g)(5) | Schedule I, as revised August 29, 2012, to the Foreign Custody Manager Agreement dated May 24, 2006 between the Registrant and The Bank of New York is incorporated herein by reference to exhibit (g)(4) of Registrants Post-Effective Amendment No. 131, filed with the SEC on September 10, 2012. | |
(g)(6) | Revised Schedule I, reflecting the addition of the WisdomTree Global Corporate Bond Fund, to the Foreign Custody Manager Agreement dated May 24, 2006 between the Registrant and The Bank of New York to be filed by amendment. | |
(g)(7) | Custody Agreement dated February 18, 2008 between WisdomTree India Investment Portfolio, Inc. and The Bank of New York is incorporated herein by reference to exhibit (g)(5) of Registrants Post-Effective Amendment No. 14, filed with the SEC on April 4, 2008. | |
(h)(1) | Fund Administration and Accounting Agreement dated May 24, 2006 between the Registrant and The Bank of New York is incorporated herein by reference to exhibit (h)(1) of Registrants Post-Effective Amendment No. 2 filed on September 29, 2006. | |
(h)(2) | Schedule A, as revised August 29, 2012, to the Fund Administration and Accounting Agreement dated May 24, 2006 between the Registrant and The Bank of New York is incorporated herein by reference to exhibit (h)(2) of Registrants Post-Effective Amendment No. 131, filed with the SEC on September 10, 2012. |
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(h)(3) | Revised Schedule A, reflecting the addition of the WisdomTree Global Corporate Bond Fund, to the Fund Administration and Accounting Agreement dated May 24, 2006 between the Registrant and The Bank of New York to be filed by amendment. | |
(h)(4) | Transfer Agency and Service Agreement dated May 24, 2006 between the Registrant and The Bank of New York is incorporated herein by reference to exhibit (h)(2) of Registrants Post-Effective Amendment No. 2, filed with the SEC on September 29, 2006. | |
(h)(5) | Appendix A, as revised August 29, 2012, to the Transfer Agency and Service Agreement dated May 24, 2006 between the Registrant and The Bank of New York, is incorporated herein by reference to exhibit (h)(4) of Registrants Post-Effective Amendment No. 131, filed with the SEC on September 10, 2012. | |
(h)(6) | Revised Appendix A, reflecting the addition of the WisdomTree Global Corporate Bond Fund, to the Transfer Agency and Service Agreement dated May 24, 2006 to be filed by amendment. | |
(h)(7) | License Agreement dated March 21, 2006 between the Registrant and WisdomTree Investments, Inc. is incorporated herein by reference to exhibit (h)(3) of Registrants Post-Effective Amendment No. 2, filed with the SEC on September 29, 2006. | |
(h)(8) | Exhibit A, as revised August 29, 2012, to the License Agreement dated March 21, 2006 between the Registrant and WisdomTree Investments, Inc. is incorporated herein by reference to exhibit (h)(6) of Registrants Post-Effective Amendment No. 131, filed with the SEC on September 10, 2012. | |
(h)(9) | Revised Exhibit A, reflecting the addition of the WisdomTree Global Corporate Bond Fund, to the License Agreement dated March 21, 2006 between the Registrant and WisdomTree Investments, Inc. to be filed by amendment. | |
(h)(10) | Form of Securities Loan Agreement between the Registrant and The Bank of New York Mellon is incorporated herein by reference to exhibit (h)(8) of Registrants Post-Effective Amendment No. 20, filed with the SEC on December 24, 2008. | |
(h)(11) | Amendment No. 5, dated June 17, 2011, to the Securities Lending Authorization Agreement dated September 17, 2008 between the Registrant and The Bank of New York Mellon is incorporated herein by reference to exhibit (h)(10) of Registrants Post-Effective Amendment No. 60, filed with the SEC on July 29, 2011. | |
(h)(12) | Chief Compliance Officer Services Agreement dated October 1, 2009 between the Registrant and WisdomTree Asset Management, Inc. is incorporated herein by reference to exhibit (h)(10) of Registrants Post-Effective Amendment No. 27, filed with the SEC on October 15, 2009. | |
(h)(13) | Exhibit C, as revised August 29, 2012, to the Chief Compliance Officer Services Agreement dated October 1, 2009 between the Registrant and WisdomTree Asset Management, Inc. is incorporated herein by reference to exhibit (h)(10) of Registrants Post-Effective Amendment No. 131, filed with the SEC on September 10, 2012. | |
(h)(14) | Revised Exhibit C, reflecting the addition of the WisdomTree Global Corporate Bond Fund, to the Chief Compliance Officer Services Agreement dated October 1, 2009 between the Registrant and WisdomTree Asset Management, Inc. to be filed by amendment. |
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(h)(15) | Fund Services Agreement dated June 15, 2009 between the Registrant and WisdomTree Asset Management, Inc. is incorporated herein by reference to exhibit (h)(11) of Registrants Post-Effective Amendment No. 131, filed with the SEC on September 10, 2012. | |
(h)(16) | WisdomTree Rules-Based Earnings-Weighted Methodology, dated June 2012, is incorporated herein by reference to exhibit (h)(13) of Registrants Post-Effective Amendment No. 124, filed with the SEC on July 27, 2012. | |
(h)(17) | WisdomTree Rules-Based Methodology (Growth Index), dated June 2012, is incorporated herein by reference to exhibit (h)(14) of Registrants Post-Effective Amendment No. 124, filed with the SEC on July 27, 2012. | |
(h)(18) | WisdomTree Rules-Based Methodology (DEFA International Hedged Equity and Japan Hedged Equity Indexes), dated June 2012, is incorporated herein by reference to exhibit (h)(15) of Registrants Post-Effective Amendment No. 124, filed with the SEC on July 27, 2012. | |
(h)(19) | WisdomTree Rules-Based Methodology (Domestic and International Dividend Funds), dated June 2012, is incorporated herein by reference to exhibit (h)(16) of Registrants Post-Effective Amendment No. 124, filed with the SEC on July 27, 2012. | |
(h)(20) | WisdomTree Rules-Based Methodology (Global Dividend and World ex-U.S. Indexes), dated June 2012, is incorporated herein by reference to exhibit (h)(17) of Registrants Post-Effective Amendment No. 124, filed with the SEC on July 27, 2012. | |
(h)(21) | WisdomTree Rules-Based Methodology (Emerging Market Earnings Indexes), dated July 2010, is incorporated herein by reference to exhibit (h)(18) of Registrants Post-Effective Amendment No. 124, filed with the SEC on July 27, 2012. | |
(h)(22) | WisdomTree Rules-Based Methodology (Emerging Market Dividend Indexes), dated June 2012, is incorporated herein by reference to exhibit (h)(19) of Registrants Post-Effective Amendment No. 124, filed with the SEC on July 27, 2012. | |
(h)(23) | WisdomTree Rules-Based Methodology (Global ex-US Growth Index), dated June 2012, is incorporated herein by reference to exhibit (h)(20) of Registrants Post-Effective Amendment No. 124, filed with the SEC on July 27, 2012. | |
(h)(24) | WisdomTree Rules-Based Earnings-Weighted Value Index Methodology, dated March 2012, is incorporated herein by reference to exhibit (h)(21) of Registrants Post-Effective Amendment No. 124, filed with the SEC on July 27, 2012. | |
(h)(25) | WisdomTree Rules-Based Methodology (Middle East Dividend Index), dated July 2010, is incorporated herein by reference to exhibit (h)(22) of Registrants Post-Effective Amendment No. 124, filed with the SEC on July 27, 2012. | |
(i) | Opinion of counsel, Bingham McCutchen LLP, is incorporated herein by reference to exhibit (i) of Registrants Post-Effective Amendment No. 124, filed with the SEC on July 27, 2012. | |
(j) | Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, Ernst & Young, LLP, is filed herewith. |
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(k) | Not applicable. | |
(l) | Form of Letter of Representations between the Registrant and The Depository Trust Company is incorporated herein by reference to exhibit (l) of Registrants Pre-Effective Amendment No. 2, filed with the SEC on June 9, 2006. | |
(m) | Not applicable. | |
(n) | Not applicable. | |
(o) | Not applicable. | |
(p)(1) | Code of Ethics of the Registrant is incorporated herein by reference to exhibit (p)(1) of Registrants Post-Effective Amendment No. 27, filed with the SEC on October 15, 2009. | |
(p)(2) | Code of Ethics of WisdomTree Asset Management is incorporated herein by reference to exhibit (p)(2) of Registrants Post-Effective Amendment No. 124, filed with the SEC on July 27, 2012. | |
(p)(3) | Code of Ethics of BNY Mellon is incorporated herein by reference to exhibit (p)(3) of Registrants Post-Effective Amendment No. 124, filed with the SEC on July 27, 2012. | |
(p)(4) | Code of Ethics of ALPS Distributors, Inc. is incorporated herein by reference to exhibit (p)(4) of Registrants Post-Effective Amendment No. 124, filed with the SEC on July 27, 2012. | |
(p)(5) | Code of Ethics of Western Asset Management Company is incorporated herein by reference to exhibit (p)(5) of the Registrants Post-Effective Amendment No. 97, filed with the SEC on February 9, 2012. | |
(p)(6) | Code of Ethics of Old Mutual Global Index Trackers (Proprietary) Limited is incorporated herein by reference to exhibit (p)(7) of the Registrants Post-Effective Amendment No. 137, filed with the SEC on October 26, 2012. | |
(q)(1) | Powers of Attorney for Joel Goldberg, Toni Massaro, Jonathan Steinberg and Victor Ugolyn are filed herewith. | |
(q)(2) | Power of Attorney for Amit Muni is incorporated herein by reference to exhibit (q)(2) of Registrants Post-Effective Amendment No. 16, filed with the SEC on June 27, 2008. |
Item 29. Persons Controlled by or Under Common Control with the Registrant
Not applicable.
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Item 30. Indemnification
Reference is made to Article IX of the Registrants Trust Instrument included as Exhibit (a)(1) to this Registration Statement with respect to the indemnification of the Registrants trustees and officers, which is set forth below:
Section 1. Limitation of Liability.
All Persons contracting with or having any claim against the Trust or a particular Series shall look only to the assets of the Trust or Assets belonging to such Series, respectively, for payment under such contract or claim; and neither the Trustees nor any of the Trusts officers, employees, or agents, whether past, present, or future, shall be personally liable therefor. Every written instrument or obligation on behalf of the Trust or any Series shall contain a statement to the foregoing effect, but the absence of such statement shall not operate to make any Trustee or officer of the Trust liable thereunder. Provided they have exercised reasonable care and have acted under the reasonable belief that their actions are in the best interest of the Trust, the Trustees and officers of the Trust shall not be responsible or liable for any act or omission or for neglect or wrongdoing of them or any officer, agent, employee, Investment Adviser, or independent contractor of the Trust, but nothing contained in this Trust Instrument or in the Delaware Act shall protect any Trustee or officer of the Trust against liability to the Trust or to Shareholders to which he would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence, or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his office.
Section 2. Indemnification.
(a) | Subject to the exceptions and limitations contained in subsection (b) below: |
(i) | every Person who is, or has been, a Trustee or an officer, employee, or agent of the Trust (Covered Person) shall be indemnified by the Trust or the appropriate Series (out of Assets belonging to that Series) to the fullest extent permitted by law against liability and against all expenses reasonably incurred or paid by him in connection with any claim, action, suit, or proceeding in which he becomes involved as a party or otherwise by virtue of his being or having been a Covered Person and against amounts paid or incurred by him in the settlement thereof; provided that the transfer agent of the Trust or any Series shall not be considered an agent for these purposes unless expressly deemed to be such by the Trustees in a resolution referring to this Article. |
(ii) | as used herein, the words claim, action, suit, or proceeding shall apply to all claims, actions, suits, or proceedings (civil, criminal, or other, including appeals), actual or threatened, and the words liability and expenses shall include attorneys fees, costs, judgments, amounts paid in settlement, fines, penalties, and other liabilities. |
(b) | No indemnification shall be provided hereunder to a Covered Person: |
(i) | who has been adjudicated by a court or body before which the proceeding was brought: |
(A) | to be liable to the Trust or its Shareholders by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence, or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his office or |
(B) | not to have acted in good faith in the reasonable belief that his action was in the best interest of the Trust; or |
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(ii) | in the event of a settlement, unless there has been a determination that such Covered Person did not engage in willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence, or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his office (A) by the court or other body approving the settlement, (B) by at least a majority of those Trustees who are neither Interested Persons of the Trust nor are parties to the matter based on a review of readily available facts (as opposed to a full trial-type inquiry), or (C) by written opinion of independent legal counsel based on a review of readily available facts (as opposed to a full trial-type inquiry). |
(c) | The rights of indemnification herein provided may be insured against by policies maintained by the Trust, shall be severable, shall not be exclusive of or affect any other rights to which any Covered Person may now or hereafter be entitled, and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors, and administrators of a Covered Person. |
(d) | To the maximum extent permitted by applicable law, expenses in connection with the preparation and presentation of a defense to any claim, action, suit, or proceeding of the character described in subsection (a) of this Section shall be paid by the Trust or applicable Series from time to time prior to final disposition thereof on receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of such Covered Person that such amount will be paid over by him to the Trust or applicable Series if it is ultimately determined that he is not entitled to indemnification under this Section, provided that either (i) such Covered Person has provided appropriate security for such undertaking, (ii) the Trust is insured against losses arising out of any such advance payments, or (iii) either a majority of the Trustees who are neither |
Interested Persons of the Trust nor parties to the matter, or independent legal counsel in a written opinion, has determined, based on a review of readily available facts (as opposed to a full trial-type inquiry) that there is reason to believe that such Covered Person will not be disqualified from indemnification under this Section.
(e) | Any repeal or modification of this Article IX by the Shareholders, or adoption or modification of any other provision of this Trust Instrument or the By-laws inconsistent with this Article, shall be prospective only, to the extent that such repeal, modification, or adoption would, if applied retrospectively, adversely affect any limitation on the liability of any Covered Person or indemnification available to any Covered Person with respect to any act or omission that occurred prior to such repeal, modification, or adoption. |
Reference is made to Article VI of the Registrants By-Laws included as Exhibit (b) to this Registration Statement with respect to the indemnification of the Registrants trustees and officers, which is set forth below:
Section 6.2. Limitation of Liability.
The Declaration refers to the Trustees as Trustees, but not as individuals or personally; and no Trustee, officer, employee or agent of the Trust shall be held to any personal liability, nor shall resort be had to their private property for the satisfaction of any obligation or claim or otherwise in connection with the affairs of the Trust; provided, that nothing contained in the Declaration or the By-Laws shall protect any Trustee or officer of the Trust from any liability to the Trust or its Shareholders to which he would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his office.
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, may be provided to trustees, officers and controlling persons of the Trust, pursuant to the foregoing provisions or otherwise, the Trust has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities
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and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Trust of expenses incurred or paid by a trustee, officer or controlling person of the Trust in connection with the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding or payment pursuant to any insurance policy) is asserted against the Trust by such trustee, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Trust will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
Item 31. Business and Other Connections of the Investment Adviser
WisdomTree Asset Management, Inc. (WTAM), 380 Madison Avenue, 21st Floor, New York, NY 10017, a wholly-owned subsidiary of WisdomTree Investments, Inc., is a registered investment adviser and serves as investment adviser for each series of the Trust. The description of WTAM under the caption of Management-Investment Adviser in the Prospectus and under the caption Management of the Trust in the Statement of Additional Information constituting Parts A and B, respectively, of this Registration Statement are incorporated herein by reference.
Each of the directors and officers of WTAM will also have substantial responsibilities as directors and/or officers of WisdomTree Investments, Inc., 380 Madison Avenue, 21st Floor, New York, NY 10017. To the knowledge of the Registrant, except as set forth below, none of the directors or executive officers of WTAM is or has been at any time during the past two fiscal years engaged in any other business, profession, vocation or employment of a substantial nature.
Name |
Position with WisdomTree Asset Management, Inc. |
Principal Business(es) During the Last Two Fiscal Years | ||
Jonathan Steinberg | President, (Chief Executive Officer) | Chief Executive Officer of WisdomTree Investments Inc. and Director of WisdomTree Investments, Inc. since 1989; President, WisdomTree Trust since 2005. | ||
Amit Muni | Chief Financial Officer and Secretary | Chief Financial Officer and Assistant Secretary of WisdomTree Investments, Inc. since 2008; International Securities Exchange Holdings, Inc. (ISE), Controller and Chief Accounting Officer, 2003 to 2008. | ||
Terry Jane Feld | Chief Compliance Officer | Chief Compliance Officer of WisdomTree Trust since 2012; Senior Compliance Officer, WisdomTree Asset Management, Inc. since October 2011; Senior Compliance Officer, TIAA-CREF, 2007 to 2010; Vice President/NASD-SEC Compliance, Mutual of America Life Insurance Co., 2004 to 2007. |
WTAM, with the approval of the Trusts Board of Trustees, selects the sub-adviser for each of the Trusts series, as applicable. Western Asset Management Company serves as sub-adviser for the Trusts WisdomTree Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund and WisdomTree Global Corporate Bond Fund. Old Mutual Global Index Trackers (Proprietary) Limited serves as sub-adviser for the Trusts China Dividend ex-Financials Fund. Mellon Capital Management Corporation serves as sub-adviser for each other series of the Trust.
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To the knowledge of the Registrant, except as set forth below, none of the directors or executive officers of the sub-advisers is or has been at any time during the past two fiscal years engaged in any other business, profession, vocation or employment of a substantial nature.
Mellon Capital Management Corporation
Name |
Position Held with Mellon Capital Management Corporation |
Principal Business(es) During the Last Two Fiscal Years | ||
William Fouse | Board of Directors and Chairman Emeritus | Dual officer of The Bank of New York | ||
Thomas Hazuka | Board of Directors | None | ||
David Kwan | Managing Director and Head of Fixed Income Management | Dual officer of The Bank of New York, employee of The Dreyfus Corporation | ||
Thomas Loeb | Board of Directors and Chairman Emeritus | Dual officer of The Bank of New York | ||
Gabriella Parcella | Chairman and Chief Executive Officer | Dual officer of The Bank of New York | ||
Linda Lillard | Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer and Chief Compliance Officer | Dual officer of The Bank of New York | ||
Warren Chiang | Managing Director, Active Equity Strategies | Dual officer of The Bank of New York, employee of The Dreyfus Corporation | ||
Lawrence Lee | Managing Director | Dual officer of The Bank of New York | ||
Eric Goodbar | Managing Director and Hedge Fund Strategist | Dual officer of The Bank of New York | ||
Karen Wong | Managing Director, Equity Index Strategies | Dual officer of The Bank of New York, employee of The Dreyfus Corporation | ||
Lynn Spang | Managing Director and Senior Managing Counsel | None | ||
Andrew Pellegrino | Managing Director, Consultant Relations | Dual officer of The Bank of New York | ||
Jeffrey Zhang | Executive Vice President, Chief Investment Officer, Active Strategies, and Board of Directors | Dual officer of The Bank of New York |
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Name |
Position Held with Mellon Capital Management Corporation |
Principal Business(es) During the Last Two Fiscal Years | ||
David Manuel | Chief Financial Officer | None | ||
Rose Huening-Clark | Managing Director | None | ||
Mitchell Harris | Board of Directors | BNY Mellon - President, Investment Management; BNY Mellon Asset Management -Chairman of the Fixed Income, Cash & Currency Group; Insight Investment Management (Global) Limited- Board of Director; Walter Scott & Partners- Director; BNY Alcentra Group Holdings, Inc- Director; Standish Mellon Asset Management Company LLC-Executive Chairman; Fixed Income and Cash AM Service Company LLC- Manager; Pareto Partners- Chairman; The Dreyfus Corporation- Director | ||
David Dirks | Managing Director, Head of Relationship Management and Client Service North America | Dual officer of The Bank of New York | ||
Lynn Challenger | Managing Director, Head of Global Trading | Dual officer of The Bank of New York | ||
Alexander Huberts | President, Investments & Finance, and Board of Directors | Dual officer of The Bank of New York | ||
Vassilis Dagioglu | Managing Director, Head of Asset Allocation Portfolio Management | Dual officer of The Bank of New York, employee of The Dreyfus Corporation | ||
Anjun Zhou | Managing Director, Head of Asset Allocation Research | None | ||
Nicholas Fohl | Managing Director, Chief Administrative Officer | None | ||
Richard Watson | Executive Vice President and Global Head of Distribution | Dual officer of The Bank of New York |
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Name |
Position Held with Mellon Capital Management Corporation |
Principal Business(es) During the Last Two Fiscal Years | ||
Sheryl Linck | Managing Director, Head of North American Business Development | Dual officer of The Bank of New York | ||
Abou Diop | Managing Director and Chief Information Officer | None | ||
Cynthia Fryer Steer | Board of Directors | None |
Western Asset Management Company
Name |
Position with Sub-Advisers |
Principal Business(es) During the Last Two Fiscal Years | ||
Bruce Daniel Alberts | Chief Financial Officer | None | ||
James William Hirschmann | Board of Directors | None | ||
Brett Benjamin Canon | Director of Risk Management and Operations | None | ||
Charles Antony Ruys De Perez | General Counsel and Secretary | Director, WAMCL Director, WAM Tokyo Director, Singapore Director, WAM Australia | ||
Jeffery Allen Nattans | Board of Directors | Manager, LMCM Manager, Clear Adv Manager, LMIC Director, NS Manager, Clear Asset Manager, GCIM Executive Vice President, Legg Mason, Inc. Vice President and Manager, LMIH Director, LMREC Director, LMREC II Director, PCM I Director, PCM II Manager, Royce Director, WAMCL Director, WAM Tokyo Director, WAM Australia Director, WAM Singapore | ||
James Joseph Flick | Director of Global Client Service and Marketing | None |
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Name |
Position with Sub-Advisers |
Principal Business(es) During the Last Two Fiscal Years | ||
Ronald Richard Dewhurst | Board of Directors | Director, WAM Director, Batterymarch Manager, Brandywine Manager, Clear Adv Director, Clear Asset Manager, Essemplia Manager, GCIM Manager, LMCM Manager, LMGAA Manager, LMIC Manager, LMPPG Sr. EVP and Sr. Managing Director, Legg Mason Inc. Manager, Royce |
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Old Mutual Global Index Trackers (Proprietary) Limited
Name |
Position with Sub-Advisers |
Principal Business(es) During the Last Two Fiscal Years | ||
Tendai Musikavanhu | Director, Chief Executive Officer | Trustee of Inhlakaniphu Education Development Trust Founder/Trustee and Beneficiary of Musikavanhu Investment Trust Chairman and Shareholder of One Stone Capital (Pty) Ltd Shareholder of Umbono Capital Partners (Pty) Limited Trustee of Umbono Group Share Incentive Trust Beneficiary of Umbono Staff Consortium Trust | ||
Craig Michael Chambers | Director, Chief Investment Officer | Director and shareholder of One Stone Capital (Pty) Ltd Non-Executive Director of Adapt IT Holdings Limited Director TDH Foundation | ||
Anver Dollie | Deputy Chief Investment Officer | None | ||
Brett William Pohl | Chief Compliance Officer | None | ||
Diane Claire Radley | Chairman | Director of Business Venture Investments No 1457 (Pty) Limited Trustee of Cait McCann Trust Trustee of Claire McCann Trust Chairman of Futuregrowth Asset Management (Pty) Limited Trustee of McCann Family Trust Chairman of Old Mutual Capital Partners (Pty) Limited | ||
Mobasheer Patel | Director | Director of Amabubesi Capital (Pty) Limited Director of Amabubesi Investments (Pty) Limited Director of Friedshelf 1168 (Pty) Limited Director of Futuregrowth Asset Management (Pty) Limited Director of Hluma Development Local Investment Agency (Pty) Limited |
Item 32. Principal Underwriters
(a) ALPS Distributors, Inc. acts as the distributor for the Registrant and the following investment companies: ALPS ETF Trust, Ameristock Mutual Fund, Inc., Arbitrage Funds, AQR Funds, BBH Trust, Bennett Group of Funds, BLDRS Index Funds Trust, BPV Family of Funds, Brown Management Funds, Caldwell & Orkin Funds, Inc., Campbell Multi-Strategy Trust, Century Capital Management Trust, Columbia ETF Trust, CornerCap Group of Funds, The Cortina Funds, Inc., CRM Mutual Fund Trust, Cullen Funds, Drexel Hamilton Investment
13
Partners LLC, EGA Global Shares Trust, Financial Investors Trust, Financial Investors Variable Insurance Trust, Firsthand Funds, GLG Investment Series Trust, Heartland Group, Inc., Henssler Funds, Inc., Holland Balanced Fund, IndexIQ Trust, Index IQ ETF Trust, James Advantage Funds, Laudus Trust, Laudus Institutional Trust, Mairs & Power Funds Trust, Oak Associates Funds, Pax World Series Trust I, Pax World Funds Trust II, PowerShares QQQ 100 Trust Series 1, RiverNorth Funds, Russell Exchange Traded Funds Trust, SPDR Dow Jones Industrial Average ETF Trust, SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust, SPDR S&P MidCap 400 ETF Trust, Select Sector SPDR Trust, Stonebridge Funds Trust, Stone Harbor Investment Funds, Tilson Investment Trust, Transparent Value Trust, db-X Exchange-Traded Funds Inc., Trust for Professional Managers, Wakefield Alternative Series Trust, Wasatch Funds, WesMark Funds, Westcore Trust, Whitebox Mutual Funds, Williams Capital Liquid Assets Fund, and Wilmington Funds.
(b) To the best of Registrants knowledge, the directors and executive officers of ALPS Distributors, Inc., are as follows:
Name* |
Position with Underwriter |
Positions with Fund | ||
Edmund J. Burke | Director | None | ||
Thomas A. Carter | President, Director | None | ||
Jeremy O. May | Executive Vice President, Director | None | ||
Kevin J. Ireland | Senior Vice President, Director of Institutional Sales | None | ||
Mark R. Kiniry | Senior Vice President, National Sales Director Investments | None | ||
Bradley J. Swenson | Senior Vice President, Chief Compliance Officer | None | ||
Robert J. Szydlowski | Senior Vice President, Chief Technology Officer | None | ||
Tané T. Tyler | Senior Vice President, Assistant Secretary, General Counsel | None | ||
Kenneth V. Hager | Vice President, Treasurer and Assistant Secretary | None | ||
Eric Parsons | Vice President, Controller and Assistant Treasurer | None | ||
Steven Price | Vice President, Deputy Chief Compliance Officer | None | ||
James Stegall | Vice President, Institutional Sales Manager | None |
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Jeff Brainard |
Vice President, Regional Sales Manager | None | ||
Paul F. Leone | Vice President, Assistant General Counsel | None | ||
Erin E. Douglas | Vice President, Senior Associate Counsel | None | ||
JoEllen Legg | Vice President, Senior Associate Counsel | None | ||
David T. Buhler | Vice President, Associate Counsel | None | ||
Rhonda A. Mills | Vice President, Associate Counsel | None | ||
Randall D. Young | Secretary | None | ||
Gregg Wm. Givens | Assistant Treasurer | None |
* | The principal business address for each of the above directors and executive officers is 1290 Broadway, Suite 1100, Denver, Colorado 80203. |
(c) | Not applicable. |
Item 33. Location of Accounts and Records
(a) | The Registrant maintains accounts, books and other documents required by Section 31(a) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 and the rules thereunder (collectively, Records) at its offices at 380 Madison Avenue, 21st Floor, New York, NY 10017. |
(b) | WTAM maintains all Records relating to its services as investment adviser to the Registrant at 380 Madison Avenue, 21st Floor, New York, New York 10017. |
(c) | Mellon Capital Management Corporation maintains all Records relating to its services as sub-adviser at 50 Fremont Street, Suite 3900, San Francisco, California 94105. |
(d) | Western Asset Management Company maintains all Records relating to its services as sub-adviser at 385 E. Colorado Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91101. |
(e) | Old Mutual Index Trackers (Proprietary) Limited maintains all Records relating to its services as sub-adviser at the Umnotho Building, Mutual Square, 93 Grayston Drive, 3rd Floor, Sandton, Johannesburg, South Africa 2196. |
(f) | ALPS Distributors, Inc. maintains all Records relating to its services as Distributor of the Registrant at 1290 Broadway, Suite 1100, Denver, Colorado 80203. |
(g) | The Bank of New York Mellon maintains all Records relating to its services as administrator, transfer agent and custodian of the Registrant at One Wall Street, New York, New York 10286. |
Item 34. Management Services
Not applicable.
Item 35. Undertakings
Not applicable.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, the Registrant certifies that it meets all of the requirements for effectiveness of this Registration Statement under Rule 485(b) under the Securities Act of 1933 and has duly caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of New York, State of New York, on the 28th day of December, 2012.
WISDOMTREE TRUST (Registrant) | ||
By: | /s/ Jonathan Steinberg | |
Jonathan Steinberg | ||
President (Principal Executive Officer) |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the capacity and on the dates indicated.
Signature | Title | Date | ||
/s/ Jonathan Steinberg |
President (Principal Executive Officer) | December 28, 2012 | ||
Jonathan Steinberg | ||||
/s/ Amit Muni* |
Treasurer (Principal Financial and | December 28, 2012 | ||
Amit Muni* | Accounting Officer) and Assistant Secretary | |||
/s/ Joel Goldberg* |
Trustee | December 28, 2012 | ||
Joel Goldberg* | ||||
/s/ Toni Massaro* |
Trustee | December 28, 2012 | ||
Toni Massaro* | ||||
/s/ Victor Ugolyn* |
Trustee | December 28, 2012 | ||
Victor Ugolyn* |
*By: | /s/ Jonathan Steinberg | |
Jonathan Steinberg | ||
(Attorney-in-Fact) |
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EXHIBIT INDEX
(d)(1) | Investment Advisory Agreement dated November 20, 2012 between the Registrant and WisdomTree Asset Management, Inc. | |
(d)(3) | Form of Sub-Advisory Agreement dated November 20, 2012 between WisdomTree Asset Management, Inc., on behalf of the WisdomTree Dreyfus Commodity Currency Fund, WisdomTree Dreyfus Emerging Currency Fund, WisdomTree Dreyfus Brazilian Real Fund, WisdomTree Dreyfus Chinese Yuan Fund, WisdomTree Dreyfus Indian Rupee Fund, WisdomTree Dreyfus South African Rand Fund, WisdomTree Dreyfus Japanese Yen Fund, WisdomTree Euro Debt Fund, WisdomTree Australia & New Zealand Debt Fund and WisdomTree Emerging Markets Local Debt Fund, and Mellon Capital Management Corporation and The Dreyfus Corporation | |
(d)(4) | Form of Sub-Advisory Agreement dated November 20, 2012 between WisdomTree Asset Management, Inc., on behalf of all series of the Trust with the exception of WisdomTree Dreyfus Commodity Currency Fund, WisdomTree Dreyfus Emerging Currency Fund, WisdomTree Dreyfus Brazilian Real Fund, WisdomTree Dreyfus Chinese Yuan Fund, WisdomTree Dreyfus Indian Rupee Fund, WisdomTree Dreyfus South African Rand Fund, WisdomTree Dreyfus Japanese Yen Fund, WisdomTree Euro Debt Fund, WisdomTree Australia & New Zealand Debt Fund, WisdomTree Emerging Markets Local Debt Fund, WisdomTree LargeCap Growth Fund, WisdomTree Europe Hedged Equity Fund, WisdomTree Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund, WisdomTree China Dividend ex-Financials Fund and WisdomTree Global Corporate Bond Fund, and Mellon Capital Management Corporation | |
(d)(5) | Form of Sub-Advisory Agreement dated November 20, 2012 between WisdomTree Asset Management, Inc., on behalf of the WisdomTree LargeCap Growth Fund and WisdomTree Europe Hedged Equity Fund, and Mellon Capital Management Corporation | |
(d)(6) | Form of Sub-Advisory Agreement dated November 20, 2012 between WisdomTree Asset Management, Inc., on behalf of the WisdomTree Emerging Markets Corporate Bond Fund, and Western Asset Management Company | |
(d)(7) | Form of Sub-Advisory Agreement dated November 20, 2012 between WisdomTree Asset Management, Inc., on behalf of the WisdomTree China Dividend ex-Financials Fund, and Old Mutual Global Index Trackers (Proprietary) Limited | |
(d)(10) | Form of Sub-Advisory Agreement dated November 20, 2012 between WisdomTree Asset Management, Inc., on behalf of the WisdomTree India Investment Portfolio Inc., and Mellon Capital Management Corporation | |
(j) | Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, Ernst & Young, LLP | |
(q)(1) | Powers of Attorney for Joel Goldberg, Toni Massaro, Jonathan Steinberg and Victor Ugolyn |
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