As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 30, 2013

Registration No. 333-            

 

 

 

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

 

 

FORM S-3

REGISTRATION STATEMENT

UNDER

THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

 

 

TTM Technologies, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

 

 

Delaware		91-1033443
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)

1665 Scenic Avenue, Suite 250

Costa Mesa, California 92626

(714) 327-3000

(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)

 

 

Todd B. Schull

Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary

TTM Technologies, Inc.

1665 Scenic Avenue, Suite 250

Costa Mesa, California 92626

(714) 327-3000

(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)

 

 

Copies to:

Brian H. Blaney, Esq.

Logan Miller, Esq.

Greenberg Traurig, LLP

2375 East Camelback Road, Suite 700

Phoenix, Arizona 85016

(602) 445-8000

 

 

Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: From time to time after the effective date of the Registration Statement.

If the only securities being registered on this form are being offered pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans, please check the following box.  ¨

If any of the securities being registered on this form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, other than securities offered only in connection with dividend or interest reinvestment plans, check the following box.  x

If this form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.  ¨             

If this form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.  ¨             

If this form is a registration statement pursuant to General Instruction I.D. or a post-effective amendment thereto that shall become effective upon filing with the Commission pursuant to Rule 462(e) under the Securities Act, check the following box.  ¨

If this form is a post-effective amendment to a registration statement filed pursuant to General Instruction I.D. filed to register additional securities or additional classes of securities pursuant to Rule 413(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box.  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

 

Large accelerated filer		¨				Accelerated filer		x
Non-accelerated filer		¨		(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)		Smaller reporting company		¨

 

 

CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE

 

Title of each class of securities to be registered(1)		Amount to be registered(1)		Proposed maximum offering price per security(1)(2)		Proposed maximum aggregate offering price(1)(2)		Amount of registration fee(3)
Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share(4)		—		—		—		—
Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share(4)		—		—		—		—
Debt Securities		—		—		—		—
Warrants		—		—		—		—
Units		—		—		—		—
Total(5):		$250,000,000		—		$250,000,000		$32,200.00

(1)

Pursuant to Rule 457(i) under the Securities Act of 1933 (the “Securities Act”), the securities registered hereunder include such indeterminate number of shares of common stock and preferred stock, number of warrants and units and principal amount of debt securities as may be issued upon conversion or exchange of any preferred stock, warrants or debt securities registered hereunder that provide for conversion or exchange, upon exercise of warrants or pursuant to the anti-dilution provisions of any such securities.

(2)

The proposed maximum per unit and aggregate offering prices per class of securities will be determined from time to time by the registrant in connection with the issuance by the registrant of the securities registered under this registration statement and is not specified as to each class of security pursuant to General Instruction II.D of Form S-3 under the Securities Act.

(3)	Calculated pursuant to Rule 457(o) under the Securities Act.

(4)	Includes an indeterminate number of shares of common stock or preferred stock as may be sold from time to time, at indeterminate prices.

(5)

Any securities registered hereunder may be sold separately or as units with other securities registered hereunder. The proposed maximum offering price per unit will be determined by the registrant in connection with the issuance of the securities. In no event will the aggregate offering price of all securities issued from time to time pursuant to this registration statement exceed $250,000,000.

The Registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the Registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or until the Registration Statement shall become effective on such date as the Securities and Exchange Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.

 

 

 

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The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities, and it is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities, in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.

 

SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED OCTOBER 30, 2013

PROSPECTUS

$250,000,000

 

Common Stock

Preferred Stock

Debt Securities

Warrants

Units

 

 

We may offer and sell from time to time, in one or more series or issuances and on terms that we will determine at the time of the offering, any combination of common stock, preferred stock, debt securities, warrants, and units up to an aggregate amount of $250,000,000.

This prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities we may offer and sell. We will provide specific terms of any offering in a supplement to this prospectus. Any prospectus supplement may also add, update, or change information contained in this prospectus. You should carefully read this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement as well as the documents incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference in this prospectus before you purchase any of the securities offered hereby.

These securities may be offered and sold in the same offering or in separate offerings; to or through underwriters, dealers, and agents; or directly to purchasers. The names of any underwriters, dealers, or agents involved in the sale of our securities and their compensation will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement.

Our common stock is listed on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the symbol “TTMI.” We will make application to list any shares of common stock sold by us under this prospectus and any prospectus supplement on the Nasdaq Global Select Market. We will provide information in any applicable prospectus supplement regarding any listing of securities other than shares of our common stock on any securities exchange.

This prospectus may not be used to consummate a sale of our securities unless accompanied by the applicable prospectus supplement.

 

 

You should consider the risks that we have described in this prospectus and in the accompanying prospectus supplement before you invest. See “Risk Factors” beginning on page 3.

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the adequacy or accuracy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

The date of this prospectus is                     , 2013

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS			ii
PROSPECTUS SUMMARY			1
RISK FACTORS			3
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS			3
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENTS			3
RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES			4
USE OF PROCEEDS			4
SECURITIES WE MAY OFFER			4
DESCRIPTION OF COMMON STOCK			5
DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED STOCK			7
DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES			10
DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS			22
DESCRIPTION OF UNITS			25
CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF DELAWARE LAW AND THE COMPANY’S CHARTER AND BYLAWS			26
LEGAL OWNERSHIP OF SECURITIES			31
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION			35
LEGAL MATTERS			37
EXPERTS			37
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION			37
INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE			38
Exhibit 4.11
Exhibit 5.1
Exhibit 12.1
Exhibit 23.1
Exhibit 23.2
Exhibit 24.1
Exhibit 25.1

 

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ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS

This prospectus is part of a registration statement that we filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (referred to as the SEC) utilizing a “shelf” registration process. Under this shelf registration process, we may sell any combination of the securities registered in one or more offerings, up to a total dollar amount of $250,000,000. This prospectus provides you with general information regarding the securities that we may offer in the future. Each time we sell securities, we will provide a prospectus supplement that contains specific information about any offering by us.

The prospectus supplement also may add, update, or change information contained in the prospectus. You should read both this prospectus and the prospectus supplement related to any offering as well as additional information described under the heading “Where You Can Find More Information.”

We have not authorized anyone to provide you with information different from that contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus or any accompanying prospectus supplement or any “free writing prospectus.” We are offering to sell, and seeking offers to buy, securities only in jurisdictions in which offers and sales are permitted. The information contained in this prospectus and in any accompanying prospectus supplement is accurate only as of the date of their covers, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus or any prospectus supplement or of any sale of our securities. Our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects may have changed since those dates. You should rely only on the information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus or any accompanying prospectus supplement. To the extent there is a conflict between the information contained in this prospectus and the prospectus supplement, you should rely on the information in the prospectus supplement, provided that if any statement in one of these documents is inconsistent with a statement in another document having a later date — for example, a document incorporated by reference into this prospectus or any prospectus supplement — the statement in the document having the later date modifies or supersedes the earlier statement.

In this prospectus, the terms “we,” “our,” and “us” refer to TTM Technologies, Inc. and its subsidiaries, unless otherwise specified.

 

 

 

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RISK FACTORS

Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. Please see the risk factors described under the caption “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012 on file with the SEC, and each subsequently filed Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, each of which are incorporated by reference in this prospectus and in any accompanying prospectus supplement. Before making an investment decision, you should carefully consider these risks as well as information we include or incorporate by reference in this prospectus and in any accompanying prospectus supplement. The risks and uncertainties we have described are not the only ones facing our company. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also affect our business operations.

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This prospectus and each prospectus supplement includes and incorporates forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (referred to as the Securities Act), and Section 21E of the Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (referred to as the Exchange Act). All statements, other than statements of historical fact, included or incorporated in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement regarding our strategy, prospects, plans, objectives, future operations, future revenue and earnings, projected margins and expenses, technological innovations, future products or product development, product development strategies, markets for our services, potential acquisitions or strategic alliances, the success of particular product or marketing programs, the amount of revenue generated as a result of sales to significant customers, financial position, and liquidity and anticipated cash needs and availability are forward-looking statements. The words “anticipate,” “believe,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “forecast,” “intend,” “may,” “plan,” “predict,” “project,” “seek,” “target,” “will,” “would,” and similar expressions or the negatives thereof are intended to identify forward-looking statements.

Actual results or events could differ materially from the forward-looking statements we make. Among the factors that could cause actual results to differ materially are the factors discussed under “Risk Factors” in our Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012 and each subsequently filed Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. We also will include or incorporate by reference in each prospectus supplement important factors that we believe could cause actual results or events to differ materially from the forward-looking statements that we make. Should one or more known or unknown risks or uncertainties materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove inaccurate, actual results could differ materially from past results and those anticipated, estimated, projected, or implied by these forward-looking statements. You should consider these factors and the other cautionary statements made in this prospectus, any prospectus supplement, or the documents we incorporate by reference in this prospectus as being applicable to all related forward-looking statements wherever they appear in this prospectus, any prospectus supplement, or the documents incorporated by reference. While we may elect to update forward-looking statements wherever they appear in this prospectus, any prospectus supplement, or the documents incorporated by reference, we do not assume, and specifically disclaim, any obligation to do so, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise. Our forward-looking statements do not reflect the potential impact of any future acquisitions, mergers, dispositions, joint ventures or investments we may make.

PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENTS

This prospectus provides you with a general description of the proposed offering of our securities. Each time that we sell securities under this prospectus, we will provide a prospectus supplement that will contain specific information about the terms of that offering. The prospectus supplement may add to, update, or change information contained in this prospectus and should be read as superseding this prospectus. You should read both this prospectus and any prospectus supplement together with additional information described under the heading “Where You Can Find More Information.”

The prospectus supplement will describe the terms of any offering of securities, including the offering price to the public in that offering, the purchase price and net proceeds of that offering, and the other specific terms related to that offering of securities.

 

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RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES

The following table sets forth our ratio of earnings to fixed charges for the periods indicated:

 

		Six Months Ended July 1, 2013				Year Ended December 31,
						2012				2011				2010				2009				2008
Ratio of earnings to fixed charges			3.1x				n/a	(1)			3.4x				5.3x				1.6x				n/a	(1)

 

(1)	Earnings were not sufficient to cover fixed charges for the periods indicated. Additional earnings of $169.9 million and $61.6 million in the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2008, respectively, would have been required to achieve a ratio of 1:1.

For purposes of calculating these ratios, earnings consists of the sum of (a)(i) pre-tax income from continuing operations before adjustment for income or loss from equity investees; (ii) fixed charges; (iii) amortization of capitalized interest; (iv) distributed income of equity investees; and (v) our share of pre-tax losses of equity investees for which charges arising from guarantees are included in fixed charges, minus (b)(i) interest capitalized; and (ii) the noncontrolling interest in pre-tax income of subsidiaries that have not incurred fixed charges. The term fixed charges means the sum of (x) interest expensed and capitalized; (y) amortized premiums, discounts and capitalized expenses related to indebtedness; and (z) an estimate of the interest within rental expense.

USE OF PROCEEDS

Except as may be otherwise set forth in any prospectus supplement accompanying this prospectus, we will use the net proceeds we receive from sales of securities offered hereby for general corporate purposes, which may include the repayment of indebtedness outstanding from time to time and for working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions, and repurchases of our common stock or other securities. Pending these uses, the net proceeds may also be temporarily invested in short-term securities. When specific securities are offered, the prospectus supplement relating thereto will set forth our intended use of the net proceeds that we receive from the sale of such securities.

SECURITIES WE MAY OFFER

The following is a general description of the terms and provisions of the securities we may offer and sell by this prospectus. These summaries are not meant to be complete. This prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement will contain the material terms and conditions of each security. The prospectus supplement may add, update or change the terms and conditions of the securities as described in this prospectus. However, no prospectus supplement will offer a security that is not included in the Registration Statement of which this prospectus is a part at the time of its effectiveness or offer a security of a type that is not described in this prospectus. This prospectus may not be used to consummate a sale of securities unless it is accompanied by a prospectus supplement.

 

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DESCRIPTION OF COMMON STOCK

This section describes the general terms of our common stock. A prospectus supplement may provide information that is different from this prospectus. If the information in the prospectus supplement with respect to our common stock being offered differs from this prospectus, you should rely on the information in the prospectus supplement. A copy of our certificate of incorporation, as amended, has been incorporated by reference from our filings with the SEC as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part. Our common stock and the rights of the holders of our common stock are subject to the applicable provisions of the Delaware General Corporation Law (which we refer to as Delaware law), our certificate of incorporation, as amended, our fourth amended and restated bylaws, and the rights of the holders of our preferred stock, if any, as well as some of the terms of our credit agreement and any other outstanding indebtedness.

As of September 30, 2013, under our certificate of incorporation, as amended, we had the authority to issue 200,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share. As of September 30, 2013, 82,638,931 shares of our common stock were outstanding and were held of record by approximately 285 stockholders.

The following description of our common stock, and any description of our common stock in a prospectus supplement may not be complete and is subject to, and qualified in its entirety by reference to, Delaware law and the actual terms and provisions contained in our certificate of incorporation, as amended, and fourth amended and restated bylaws, each as amended from time to time. See “Certain Provisions of Delaware Law and Our Charter and Bylaws,” beginning on page 26, for more information.

Voting Rights

Each outstanding share of our common stock is entitled to one vote per share of record on all matters submitted to a vote of stockholders and to vote together as a single class for the election of directors and in respect of other corporate matters. At a meeting of stockholders at which a quorum is present, for all matters other than the election of directors, all questions shall be decided by the vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of stock entitled to vote thereon present in person or by proxy at the meeting, unless the matter is one upon which a different vote is required by express provision of law or our certificate of incorporation, as amended, or fourth amended and restated bylaws. Directors will be elected by a plurality of the votes of the shares present at a meeting. Holders of shares of common stock do not have cumulative voting rights with respect to the election of directors or any other matter.

Dividends

Holders of our common stock are entitled to receive dividends or other distributions when, as, and if declared by our board of directors. The right of our board of directors to declare dividends, however, is subject to any rights of the holders of other classes of our capital stock, any indebtedness outstanding from time to time, and the availability of sufficient funds under Delaware law to pay dividends.

Preemptive Rights

The holders of our common stock do not have preemptive rights to purchase or subscribe for any of our capital stock or other securities.

Redemption

The shares of our common stock are not subject to redemption by operation of a sinking fund or otherwise.

 

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Liquidation Rights

In the event of any liquidation, dissolution, or winding up of our company, after the payment or provisions for payment of all debts and liabilities of the corporation and all preferential amounts to which the holders of our preferred stock are entitled with respect to the distribution of assets in liquidation, the holders of shares of our common stock are entitled to receive any of our assets available for distribution to our stockholders ratably in proportion to the number of shares held by them.

Options and Restricted Stock Units

From time to time, we have issued and expect to continue to issue options, performance-based restricted stock units (referred to as PRUs) and restricted stock units (referred to as RSUs) to various directors, employees, and officers of our company. As of September 30, 2013, we had (i) outstanding stock options to purchase 953,883 shares of our common stock, of which 928,883 shares of common stock were issuable upon exercise of vested stock options as of that date; (ii) 1,921,148 shares of common stock underlying outstanding PRUs and RSUs, of which 212,557 are vested but not yet released in connection with awards granted to non-employee directors; and (iii) 1,895,926 shares of common stock reserved for future grant or issuance under our 2006 Incentive Compensation Plan.

Listing

Our common stock is listed on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the symbol “TTMI.”

Transfer Agent and Registrar

The transfer agent and registrar for our common stock is American Stock Transfer & Trust Company. Its address is 6201 15th Avenue, Brooklyn, New York 11219, and its telephone number is (800) 937-5449.

 

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DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED STOCK

This section describes the general terms of our preferred stock to which any prospectus supplement may relate. A prospectus supplement will describe the terms relating to any preferred stock to be offered by us in greater detail and may provide information that is different from terms described in this prospectus. If the information in the prospectus supplement with respect to the particular preferred stock being offered differs from this prospectus, you should rely on the information in the prospectus supplement. A copy of our certificate of incorporation, as amended, has been incorporated by reference from our filings with the SEC as an exhibit to the registration statement. A certificate of designation or amendment to our certificate of incorporation, as amended, will specify the terms of the preferred stock being offered, and will be filed or incorporated by reference as an exhibit to the registration statement before the preferred stock is issued. The following description of our preferred stock, and any description of the preferred stock in a prospectus supplement, may not be complete and is subject to, and qualified in its entirety by reference to, Delaware law and the actual terms and provisions contained in our certificate of incorporation, as amended, and fourth amended and restated bylaws, each as amended from time to time. See “Certain Provisions of Delaware Law and Our Charter and Bylaws,” beginning on page 26, for more information.

As of September 30, 2013, under our certificate of incorporation, as amended, we had the authority to issue 15,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share, which are issuable in series on terms to be determined by our board of directors. Accordingly, our board of directors is authorized, without action by the stockholders, to issue preferred stock from time to time with such dividend, liquidation, conversion, voting, and other rights and restrictions as it may determine. All shares of any one series of our preferred stock will be identical, except that shares of any one series issued at different times may differ as to the dates from which dividends may be cumulative. All series shall rank equally and shall provide for other terms as described in the applicable prospectus supplement. As of September 30, 2013, there were no outstanding shares of our preferred stock.

Terms of Preferred Stock to Be Offered

Unless provided in a prospectus supplement, the shares of our preferred stock to be issued will have no preemptive rights. Any prospectus supplement offering our preferred stock will furnish the following information with respect to the preferred stock offered by that prospectus supplement:

 

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the title and stated value of the preferred stock;

 

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the number of shares of preferred stock to be issued and the offering price of the preferred stock;

 

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any dividend rights;

 

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any dividend rates, periods, or payment dates, or methods of calculation of dividends applicable to the preferred stock;

 

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the date from which distributions on the preferred stock shall accumulate, if applicable;

 

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the terms and conditions, if applicable, upon which the preferred stock will be convertible into our common stock, including the conversion price (or manner of calculation thereof);

 

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any right to convert the preferred stock into a different type of security;

 

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any voting rights attributable to the preferred stock;

 

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any rights and preferences upon our liquidation, dissolution or winding up of our affairs;

 

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any terms of redemption;

 

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the procedures for any auction and remarketing, if any, for the preferred stock;

 

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the provisions for a sinking fund, if any, for the preferred stock;

 

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any listing of the preferred stock on any securities exchange;

 

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a discussion of federal income tax considerations applicable to the preferred stock;

 

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the relative ranking and preferences of the preferred stock as to distribution rights (including whether any liquidation preference as to the preferred stock will be treated as a liability for purposes of determining the availability of assets for distributions to holders of stock ranking junior to the shares of preferred stock as to distribution rights);

 

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any limitations on issuance of any series of preferred stock ranking senior to or on a parity with the series of preferred stock being offered as to distribution rights and rights upon the liquidation, dissolution, or winding up or our affairs; and

 

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any other specific terms, preferences, rights, limitations, or restrictions of the preferred stock.

Rank

Unless otherwise indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, shares of our preferred stock will rank, with respect to payment of distributions and rights upon our liquidation, dissolution, or winding up, and allocation of our earnings and losses:

 

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senior to all classes or series of our common stock and to all of our equity securities ranking junior to the preferred stock;

 

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on a parity with all equity securities issued by us, the terms of which specifically provide that these equity securities rank on a parity with the preferred stock; and

 

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junior to all equity securities issued by us, the terms of which specifically provide that these equity securities rank senior to the preferred stock.

Distributions

Subject to any preferential rights of any outstanding stock or series of stock, our preferred stockholders are entitled to receive distributions when, as, and if declared by our board of directors, out of legally available funds and to share pro rata based on the number of preferred shares, common stock and other parity equity securities outstanding. The rates and dates of payment of dividends will be set forth in the prospectus supplement relating to the applicable series of preferred stock. Dividends will be payable to holders of record of preferred stock as they appear on our books or, if applicable, the records of the depositary referred to below on the record dates fixed by the board of directors. Dividends on a series of preferred stock may be cumulative or noncumulative.

We may not declare, pay, or set apart for payment dividends on the preferred stock unless full dividends on other series of preferred stock that rank on an equal or senior basis have been paid or sufficient funds have been set apart for payment for:

 

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all prior dividend periods of other series of preferred stock that pay dividends on a cumulative basis; or

 

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the immediately preceding dividend period of other series of preferred stock that pay dividends on a noncumulative basis.

Partial dividends declared on shares of preferred stock and each other series of preferred stock ranking on an equal basis as to dividends will be declared pro rata. A pro rata declaration means that the ratio of dividends declared per share to accrued dividends per share will be the same for each series of preferred stock. Similarly, we may not declare, pay, or set apart for payment non-stock dividends or make other payments on the common stock or any other of our stock ranking junior to the preferred stock until full dividends on the preferred stock have been paid or set apart for payment for

 

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all prior dividend periods if the preferred stock pays dividends on a cumulative basis; or

 

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the immediately preceding dividend period if the preferred stock pays dividends on a noncumulative basis.

 

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Liquidation Preference

Upon the voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution, or winding up of our affairs, then, before any distribution or payment shall be made to the holders of any common stock or any other class or series of stock ranking junior to the preferred stock in our distribution of assets upon any liquidation, dissolution, or winding up, the holders of each series of our preferred stock will be entitled to receive, after payment or provision for payment of our debts and other liabilities, out of our assets legally available for distribution to stockholders, liquidating distributions in the amount of the liquidation preference per share (set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement), plus an amount, if applicable, equal to all distributions accrued and unpaid thereon (which shall not include any accumulation in respect of unpaid distributions for prior distribution periods if the preferred stock does not have a cumulative distribution). Unless otherwise specified in the applicable prospectus supplement, after payment of the full amount of the liquidating distributions to which they are entitled, the holders of preferred stock will have no right or claim to any of our remaining assets. In the event that, upon our voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution, or winding up, the legally available assets are insufficient to pay the amount of the liquidating distributions on all of our outstanding preferred stock and the corresponding amounts payable on all of our other classes or series of equity securities ranking on a parity with the preferred stock in the distribution of assets upon liquidation, dissolution, or winding up, then the holders of our preferred stock and all other such classes or series of equity securities will share ratably in the distribution of assets in proportion to the full liquidating distributions to which they would otherwise be respectively entitled.

If the liquidating distributions are made in full to all holders of preferred stock, our remaining assets will be distributed among the holders of any other classes or series of equity securities ranking junior to the preferred stock upon our liquidation, dissolution, or winding up, according to their respective rights and preferences and in each case according to their respective number of shares of stock.

Conversion Rights

The terms and conditions, if any, upon which shares of any series of preferred stock are convertible into other securities will be set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement. These terms will include the amount and type of security into which the shares of preferred stock are convertible, the conversion price (or manner of calculation thereof), the conversion period, provisions as to whether conversion will be at the option of the holders of the preferred stock or us, the events requiring an adjustment of the conversion price, and provisions affecting conversion in the event of the redemption of that preferred stock.

Redemption

If so provided in the applicable prospectus supplement, our preferred stock will be subject to mandatory redemption or redemption at our option, in whole or in part, in each case upon the terms, at the times, and at the redemption prices set forth in such prospectus supplement. Unless we default in the payment of the redemption price, dividends will cease to accrue after the redemption date on shares of preferred stock called for redemption and all rights of holders of such shares will terminate, except for the right to receive the redemption price. No series of preferred stock will receive the benefit of a sinking fund except as set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement.

Registrar and Transfer Agent

The registrar and transfer agent for our preferred stock will be set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement.

If our board of directors decides to issue any preferred stock, it may discourage or make more difficult a merger, tender offer, business combination, or proxy contest, assumption of control by a holder of a large block of our securities, or the removal of incumbent management, even if these events were favorable to the interests of stockholders. Our board of directors, without stockholder approval, may issue preferred stock with voting and conversion rights and dividend and liquidation preferences that may adversely affect the holders of our other equity or debt securities.

 

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DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES

This section describes certain general terms and provisions of the debt securities we may offer under this prospectus and one or more prospectus supplements. When we offer to sell a particular series of debt securities, we will describe the specific terms of the series in a prospectus supplement. The following description of debt securities will apply to the debt securities offered by this prospectus unless we provide otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement. The applicable prospectus supplement for a particular series of debt securities may specify different or additional terms.

We may issue “senior,” “senior subordinated,” or “subordinated” debt securities. “Senior securities” will be direct obligations of ours and will rank equally and ratably in right of payment with other indebtedness of ours that is not subordinated. “Senior subordinated securities” will be subordinated in right of payment to the prior payment in full of senior indebtedness, as defined in the applicable prospectus supplement, and may rank equally and ratably with any other senior subordinated indebtedness. “Subordinated securities” will be subordinated in right of payment to senior subordinated securities.

We need not issue all debt securities of one series at the same time. Unless we provide otherwise, we may reopen a series, without the consent of the holders of such series, for issuances of additional securities of that series.

We will issue the senior debt securities and senior subordinated debt securities under a senior indenture, which we will enter into with the trustee to be named in the senior indenture, and we will issue the subordinated debt securities under a subordinated indenture, which we will enter into with the trustee to be named in the subordinated indenture. We use the term “indenture” or “indentures” to refer to both the senior indenture and the subordinated indenture. Each indenture will be subject to and governed by the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended (referred to as the Trust Indenture Act), and we may supplement the indenture from time to time. Any trustee under any indenture may resign or be removed with respect to one or more series of debt securities, and we may appoint a successor trustee to act with respect to that series. We have filed a form of indenture between us as the issuer, and American Stock Transfer & Trust Company as the indenture trustee, as an exhibit to this registration statement, of which this prospectus forms a part. The terms of the senior indenture and subordinated indenture will be substantially similar, except that the subordinated indenture will include provisions pertaining to the subordination of the subordinated debt securities and senior subordinated debt securities to the senior debt securities and any other of our senior securities. The following statements relating to the debt securities and the indenture are summaries only, are subject to change, and are qualified in their entirety to the detailed provisions of the indenture, any supplemental indenture, and the discussion contained in any prospectus supplements.

General

The terms of each series of debt securities will be established by or pursuant to a resolution of our board of directors and detailed or determined in the manner provided in a board of directors’ resolution, an officers’ certificate or by a supplemental indenture. The particular terms of each series of debt securities will be described in a prospectus supplement relating to the series, including any pricing supplement. We may issue debt securities with terms different than those of debt securities that we previously issued.

We can issue an unlimited amount of debt securities under the indenture that may be in one or more series with the same or various maturities, at par, at a premium or at a discount. We will set forth in a prospectus supplement, including any pricing supplement relating to any series of debt securities being offered, the initial offering price, the aggregate principal amount and the following terms of the debt securities:

 

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the title of the debt securities of the series;

 

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the series designation and whether they are senior, senior subordinated, or subordinated debt securities;

 

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any limit upon the aggregate principal amount of debt securities of the series that may be authenticated and delivered under the indenture (except for debt securities authenticated and delivered upon registration of transfer of, or in exchange for, or in lieu of, other debt securities of the series pursuant to the indenture);

 

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the price or prices (expressed as a percentage of the aggregate principal amount) at which the debt securities will be sold and, if other than the principal amount of the debt securities, the portion of the principal amount of the debt securities payable upon the maturity of the debt securities;

 

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the date or dates on which the principal of the debt securities of the series is payable;

 

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the rate or rates that may be fixed or variable at which the debt securities of the series shall bear interest, if any, or the manner in which such rate or rates shall be determined, the date or dates from which such interest shall accrue, the interest payment dates on which such interest shall be payable, and the record dates for the determination of holders to whom interest is payable;

 

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the place or places where the principal of, premium, if any, and any interest, if any, on debt securities of the series shall be payable or the method of such payment, if by wire transfer, mail, or by other means, if other than as provided herein, and where the debt securities can be surrendered for transfer, exchange, or conversion;

 

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the price or prices at which (if any), the period or periods within which (if any), and the terms and conditions upon which debt securities of the series may be redeemed, in whole or in part, at our option or obligation;

 

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the obligation, if any, to redeem, purchase, or repay debt securities of the series, in whole or in part, pursuant to any sinking fund or analogous provisions or at the option of a holder and the price or prices at which and the period and periods within which and the terms and conditions upon which debt securities of the series shall be redeemed, purchased, or repaid pursuant to such obligation;

 

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the dates, if any, on which, and the price or prices at which, the debt securities of the series will be repurchased by us at the option of the holders and other detailed terms and provisions of such repurchase obligations;

 

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if convertible, the initial conversion price, the conversion period, and any other terms governing such conversion;

 

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if other than denominations of $1,000 and any multiple thereof, the denominations in which debt securities of the series shall be issuable;

 

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if other than the principal amount thereof, the portion of the principal amount of debt securities of the series which shall be payable upon declaration of acceleration of maturity;

 

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any addition to, change in, or deletion from the covenants that applies to debt securities of the series;

 

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any addition to, changes in, or deletion from the events of default with respect to the debt securities of a particular series and any change in the right of the trustee or the requisite holders of such debt securities to declare the principal amount thereof due and payable;

 

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the trustee for the series of debt securities;

 

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the forms of the debt securities of the series in bearer or fully registered form (and, if in fully registered form, whether the debt securities will be issuable, in whole or in part, as global debt securities);

 

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whether the debt securities of the series shall be issued in whole or in part in the form of a global debt security or securities; the terms and conditions, if any, upon which such global debt security or securities may be exchanged in whole or in part for other individual debt securities, and the Depositary for such global debt security or securities;

 

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the provisions, if any, relating to any security provided for the debt securities of the series;

 

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any other terms of the series (which terms may modify, supplement, or delete any provision of the indenture with respect to such series; provided, however, that no such term may modify or delete any provision hereof if imposed by the Trust Indenture Act; and provided, further, that any modification or deletion of the rights, duties, or immunities of the trustee hereunder shall have been consented to in writing by the trustee);

 

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the terms and conditions, if any, upon which the debt securities of the series shall be exchanged for or converted into other securities or property or securities of another person;

 

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any depositories, interest rate calculation agents, exchange rate calculation agents, or other agents with respect to debt securities of such series if other than those appointed herein;

 

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whether the debt securities rank as senior subordinated or subordinated or any combination thereof and the terms of any such subordination;

 

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the form and terms of any guarantee of any debt securities of the series;

 

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the terms and conditions of any defeasance provisions;

 

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the currency of denomination of the debt securities;

 

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the designation of the currency, currencies, or currency units in which payment of principal of, premium, and interest on the debt securities will be made;

 

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whether the debt securities will be listed on any securities exchange or quotation system;

 

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if payments of principal of, premium, or interest on the debt securities will be made in one or more currencies or currency units other than that or those in which the debt securities are denominated, the manner in which the exchange rate with respect to these payments will be determined;

 

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the manner in which the amounts of payment of principal of, premium, or interest on the debt securities will be determined, if these amounts may be determined by reference to an index based on a currency or currencies other than that in which the debt securities are denominated or designated to be payable or by reference to a commodity, commodity index, stock exchange index, or financial index;

 

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whether and under what circumstances, if any, additional amounts on any debt securities will be paid in respect of any tax, assessment, or governmental charge and, if so, whether we will have the option to redeem the debt securities instead of making the payment;

 

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the terms and conditions pertaining to transfer, sale, or other assignment of the debt securities; and

 

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if the debt securities are to be issued upon the exercise of debt warrants, the time, manner, and place for the debt securities to be authenticated and delivered.

We may issue debt securities that are exchangeable and/or convertible into shares of our common stock. The terms, if any, on which the debt securities may be exchanged for and/or converted will be set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement. Such terms may include provisions for conversion, either mandatory, at the option of the holder or at our option, in which case the number of shares of common stock or other securities to be received by the holders of debt securities would be calculated as of a time and in the manner stated in the prospectus supplement.

We may issue debt securities that provide for an amount less than their stated principal amount to be due and payable upon declaration of acceleration of their maturity pursuant to the terms of the indenture. We will provide you with information on the federal income tax considerations and other special considerations applicable to any of these debt securities in the applicable prospectus supplement.

If we denominate the purchase price of any of the debt securities in a foreign currency or currencies or a foreign currency unit or units, or if the principal of and any premium and interest on any series of debt securities

 

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is payable in a foreign currency or currencies or a foreign currency unit or units, we will provide you with information on the restrictions, elections, general tax considerations, specific terms and other information with respect to that issue of debt securities and such foreign currency or currencies or foreign currency unit or units in the applicable prospectus supplement.

You should review carefully the applicable prospectus supplement for information with respect to events of default and any covenants applicable to the debt securities being offered.

Payments and Paying Agents

Unless we otherwise indicate in the applicable prospectus supplement, we will make payment of the interest on any debt securities on any interest payment date to the person in whose name the debt securities, or one or more predecessor securities, are registered at the close of business on the regular record date for the interest.

We will pay principal of, and interest and any additional amounts on, the debt securities of a particular series at the office of the paying agents designated by us, except that, unless we otherwise indicate in the applicable prospectus supplement, we may make interest payments by check, which we will mail to the holder. Unless we otherwise indicate in a prospectus supplement, we will designate the corporate trust office of the trustee as our sole paying agent for payments with respect to debt securities of each series. We will name in the applicable prospectus supplement any other paying agents that we initially designate for the debt securities of a particular series.

Form, Transfer, and Exchange

Each debt security will be represented by either one or more global securities registered in the name of The Depository Trust Company, as Depositary, or a nominee of the Depositary (as a “book-entry debt security”), or a certificate issued in definitive registered form (as a “certificated debt security”), as described in the applicable prospectus supplement. Except as described under “Global Debt Securities and Book-Entry System” below, book-entry debt securities will not be issuable in certificated form.

Certificated Debt Securities

You may transfer or exchange certificated debt securities at the trustee’s office in accordance with the terms of the indenture. No service charge will be made for any transfer or exchange of certificated debt securities, but we may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge payable in connection with a transfer or exchange.

You may transfer certificated debt securities and the right to receive the principal of, premium and interest on certificated debt securities only by surrendering the old certificate representing those certificated debt securities and either we or the trustee will reissue the old certificate to the new holder or we or the trustee will issue a new certificate to the new holder.

Global Debt Securities and Book-Entry System

Each global debt security representing book-entry debt securities will be deposited with, or on behalf of, the Depositary, and registered in the name of the Depositary or a nominee of the Depositary.

The Depositary has indicated it intends to follow the following procedures with respect to book-entry debt securities.

Ownership of beneficial interests in book-entry debt securities will be limited to persons that have accounts with the Depositary for the related global debt security, whom we refer to as participants, or persons that may

 

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hold interests through participants. Upon the issuance of a global debt security, the Depositary will credit, on its book-entry registration and transfer system, the participants’ accounts with the respective principal amounts of the book-entry debt securities represented by the global debt security beneficially owned by such participants. The accounts to be credited will be designated by any dealers, underwriters or agents participating in the distribution of the book-entry debt securities. Ownership of book-entry debt securities will be shown on, and the transfer of the ownership interests will be effected only through, records maintained by the Depositary for the related global debt security (with respect to interests of participants) and on the records of participants (with respect to interests of persons holding through participants). The laws of some states may require that certain purchasers of securities take physical delivery of such securities in definitive form. These laws may impair the ability to own, transfer or pledge beneficial interests in book-entry debt securities.

So long as the Depositary for a global debt security, or its nominee, is the registered owner of that global debt security, the Depositary or its nominee, as the case may be, will be considered the sole owner or holder of the book-entry debt securities represented by such global debt security for all purposes under the indenture. Except as described herein or in any applicable prospectus supplement, beneficial owners of book-entry debt securities will not be entitled to have securities registered in their names, will not receive or be entitled to receive physical delivery of a certificate in definitive form representing securities and will not be considered the owners or holders of those securities under the indenture. Accordingly, to exercise any rights of a holder under the indenture, each person beneficially owning book-entry debt securities must rely on the procedures of the Depositary for the related global debt security and, if that person is not a participant, on the procedures of the participant through which that person owns its interest.

We understand, however, that under existing industry practice, the Depositary will authorize the persons on whose behalf it holds a global debt security to exercise certain rights of holders of debt securities, and the indenture provides that we, the trustee and our respective agents will treat as the holder of a debt security the persons specified in a written statement of the Depositary with respect to that global debt security for purposes of obtaining any consents or directions required to be given by holders of the debt securities pursuant to the indenture.

We will make payments of principal of, and premium and interest on, book-entry debt securities to the Depositary or its nominee, as the case may be, as the registered holder of the related global debt security. We, the trustee and any other agent of ours or agent of the trustee will not have any responsibility or liability for any aspect of the records relating to or payments made on account of beneficial ownership interests in a global debt security or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records relating to such beneficial ownership interests.

We expect that the Depositary, upon receipt of any payment of principal of, premium or interest on a global debt security, will immediately credit participants’ accounts with payments in amounts proportionate to the respective amounts of book-entry debt securities held by each participant as shown on the records of the Depositary. We also expect that payments by participants to owners of beneficial interests in book-entry debt securities held through those participants will be governed by standing customer instructions and customary practices, as is now the case with the securities held for the accounts of customers in bearer form or registered in “street name,” and will be the responsibility of those participants.

We will issue certificated debt securities in exchange for each global debt security if the Depositary is at any time unwilling or unable to continue as Depositary or ceases to be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act, and a successor Depositary registered as a clearing agency under the Exchange Act is not appointed by us within 90 days. In addition, we may at any time and in our sole discretion determine not to have any of the book-entry debt securities of any series represented by one or more global debt securities and, in that event, we will issue certificated debt securities in exchange for the global debt securities of that series. Global debt securities will also be exchangeable by the holders for certificated debt securities if an event of default with respect to the book-entry debt securities represented by those global debt securities has occurred and is continuing.

 

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Any certificated debt securities issued in exchange for a global debt security will be registered in such name or names as the Depositary shall instruct the trustee. We expect that such instructions will be based upon directions received by the Depositary from participants with respect to ownership of book-entry debt securities relating to such global debt security.

For additional discussion of book-entry and certificated securities, see the section entitled “Legal Ownership of Securities” included in this prospectus. We have obtained the foregoing information in this section concerning the Depositary and the Depositary’s book-entry system from sources we believe to be reliable. We take no responsibility for the Depositary’s performance of its obligations under the rules and regulations governing its operations.

Covenants

Unless we provide otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, the debt securities will not contain any restrictive covenants, including covenants restricting us or any of our subsidiaries from incurring, issuing, assuming or guaranteeing any indebtedness secured by a lien on any of our or our subsidiaries’ property or capital stock, restricting us or any of our subsidiaries from entering into any sale and leaseback transactions or restricting us or our subsidiaries from repurchasing outstanding capital stock.

Merger, Consolidation, and Sale of Assets

Unless we provide otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, we may not consolidate with or merge into, or convey, transfer or lease all or substantially all of our properties and assets to, any person (a “successor person”), unless:

 

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either we are the surviving person or the successor person is a corporation, partnership, trust or other entity organized and validly existing under the laws of any United States domestic jurisdiction;

 

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the surviving person expressly assumes our obligations on the debt securities and under the indenture;

 

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immediately after giving effect to the transaction, no event of default, and no event that, after notice or lapse of time, or both, would become an event of default, shall have occurred and be continuing under the indenture; and

 

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certain other conditions are met.

Events of Default under the Indenture

Unless we provide otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, an “event of default” means, with respect to any series of debt securities, any of the following:

 

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default in the payment of any interest upon any debt security of that series when it becomes due and payable, and continuance of that default for a period of 30 days (unless the entire amount of such payment is deposited by us with the trustee or with a paying agent before the expiration of the 30-day period);

 

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default in the payment of principal of or premium on any debt security of that series when due and payable;

 

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default in the deposit of any sinking fund payment, when and as due in respect of any debt security of that series;

 

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default in the performance or breach of any other covenant or warranty by us in the indenture (other than a covenant or warranty that has been included in the indenture solely for the benefit of a series of debt securities other than that series), which default continues uncured for a period of 60 days after we receive written notice from the trustee or we and the trustee receive written notice from the holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series as provided in the indenture;

 

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certain events of our bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization; and

 

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any other event of default provided with respect to debt securities of that series that is described in the applicable prospectus supplement accompanying this prospectus.

No event of default with respect to a particular series of debt securities (except as to certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization) necessarily constitutes an event of default with respect to any other series of debt securities. An event of default may also be an event of default under our bank credit agreements or other debt securities in existence from time to time and under certain guaranties by us of any subsidiary indebtedness. In addition, certain events of default or an acceleration under the indenture may also be an event of default under some of our other indebtedness outstanding from time to time.

Unless we provide otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, if an event of default with respect to debt securities of any series at the time outstanding occurs and is continuing (other than certain events of our bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization), then the trustee or the holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series may, by written notice to us (and to the trustee if given by the holders), declare to be due and payable immediately the principal (or, if the debt securities of that series are discount securities, that portion of the principal amount as may be specified in the terms of that series) of and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, of all debt securities of that series. In the case of an event of default resulting from certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization, the principal (or such specified amount) of and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, of all outstanding debt securities will become and be immediately due and payable without any declaration or other act by the trustee or any holder of outstanding debt securities. At any time after a declaration of acceleration with respect to debt securities of any series has been made, but before the trustee has obtained a judgment or decree for payment of the money due, the holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series may, subject to our having paid or deposited with the trustee a sum sufficient to pay overdue interest and principal which has become due other than by acceleration and certain other conditions, rescind and annul such acceleration if the rescission would not conflict with any judgment or decree and if all events of default, other than the non-payment of accelerated principal and interest, if any, with respect to debt securities of that series, have been cured or waived as provided in the indenture. For information as to waiver of defaults, see the discussion under the heading “Modification of Indenture and Waiver” below. We refer you to the prospectus supplement relating to any series of debt securities that are discount securities for the particular provisions relating to acceleration of a portion of the principal amount of the discount securities upon the occurrence of an event of default and the continuation of an event of default.

The indenture also provides that the holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series may waive any past default with respect to that series and its consequences, except a default involving the following:

 

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our failure to pay the principal of, and interest and any additional amounts on, any debt security; or

 

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a covenant or provision contained in the indenture that cannot be modified or amended without the consent of the holders of each outstanding debt security affected by the default.

The trustee is generally required to give notice to the holders of debt securities of each affected series within 90 days of a default actually known to the trustee unless the default has been cured or waived. The indenture provides that the trustee may withhold notice to the holders of debt securities of any series of any default or event of default (except in payment on any debt securities of that series) with respect to debt securities of that series if it in good faith determines that withholding notice is in the interest of the holders of those debt securities.

Unless we provide otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, the indenture will provide that the trustee will be under no obligation to exercise any of its rights or powers under the indenture at the request of any holder of outstanding debt securities, unless the trustee receives indemnity satisfactory to it against any loss, liability or expense. Subject to certain rights of the trustee, the holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series shall have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting

 

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any proceeding for any remedy available to the trustee or exercising any trust or power conferred on the trustee with respect to the debt securities of that series. The trustee may, however, refuse to follow any request that conflicts with the indenture or any law or which may be unduly prejudicial to the holders of the debt securities of the applicable series not joining in the request, or that may involve the trustee in personal liability.

Unless we provide otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, no holder of any debt security of any series will have any right to institute any proceeding, judicial or otherwise, with respect to the indenture or for the appointment of a receiver or trustee, or for any remedy under the indenture, unless:

 

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that holder has previously given to the trustee written notice of a continuing event of default with respect to debt securities of that series; and

 

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the holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series have made written request, and offered reasonable indemnity, to the trustee to institute such proceeding as trustee, and the trustee shall not have received from the holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series a direction inconsistent with that request and has failed to institute the proceeding within 60 days.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the holder of any debt security will have an absolute and unconditional right to receive payment of the principal of, premium and any interest on that debt security on or after the due dates expressed in that debt security and to institute suit for the enforcement of payment.

The indenture requires us, within 120 days after the end of our fiscal year, to furnish to the trustee a certificate as to compliance with the indenture. The indenture provides that the trustee may withhold notice to the holders of debt securities of any series of any default or event of default (except in payment on any debt securities of that series) with respect to debt securities of that series if it in good faith determines that withholding notice is in the interest of the holders of those debt securities.

Modification of Indenture and Waiver

Unless we provide otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, we and the trustee may modify and amend the indenture with the consent of the holders of at least a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of each series affected by the modifications or amendments. We and the trustee may not make any modification or amendment without the consent of the holder of each affected debt security then outstanding if that amendment will:

 

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reduce the percentage of the principal amount of debt securities whose holders must consent to an amendment or waiver;

 

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reduce the amount of, or postpone the date fixed for, the payment of any sinking fund or analogous provision;

 

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reduce the rate of, or change the time for payment of interest on, any debt security;

 

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reduce the principal of or change the fixed maturity of any debt security or waive a redemption payment or alter the redemption provisions with respect thereto;

 

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make any debt security payable in money other than that stated in the debt security (including defaulted interest);

 

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reduce the principal amount of original issue discount securities payable upon acceleration of the maturity thereof;

 

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make any change to certain provisions of the indenture relating to, among other things, the right of holders of debt securities to receive payment of the principal of, premium and interest on those debt securities, the right of holders to institute suit for the enforcement of any payment or the right of holders to waive past defaults; or

 

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waive a default in the payment of the principal of, or interest on, any debt security, except to the extent otherwise provided for upon acceleration of maturity.

Except for certain specified provisions, the holders of at least a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series may, on behalf of the holders of all debt securities of that series, waive our compliance with provisions of the indenture. The holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series may, on behalf of the holders of all the debt securities of that series, waive any past default under the indenture with respect to that series and its consequences, except a default in the payment of the principal of, premium or any interest on any debt security of that series; provided, however, that the holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series may rescind an acceleration and its consequences, including any related payment default that resulted from the acceleration.

We and the trustee may modify or amend an indenture, without the consent of any holder of debt securities, for any of the following purposes:

 

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to cure any ambiguity, defect, or inconsistency;

 

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to comply with the provisions regarding successors to us upon any consolidation or merger, or sale, assignment or other disposition of all or substantially all our properties or assets;

 

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to comply with any requirements of the SEC in connection with the qualification of the indenture under the Trust Indenture Act;

 

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to add or change any provisions of the indenture to facilitate the issuance of, or to liberalize the terms of, the debt securities issued in bearer form, or to permit or facilitate the issuance of debt securities in uncertificated form, provided that this action will not adversely affect the interests of the holders of the debt securities of any series in any material respect;

 

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to add to, change or eliminate any of the provisions of the indenture in respect of one or more series of debt securities, provided, however, that any such addition, change, or elimination (A) shall neither (i) apply to any debt security of any series created prior to the execution of such supplemental indenture and entitled to the benefit of such provision nor (ii) modify the rights of the holder of any such debt security with respect to such provision or (B) shall become effective only when there is no outstanding debt security of any series created prior to the execution of such supplemental indenture and entitled to the benefit of such provision;

 

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to add to existing covenants additional covenants for the benefit of the holders of all or any series of debt securities, to surrender any right or power conferred upon us in the indenture, or to add events of default for the benefit of holders of all or any series of debt securities;

 

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to secure previously unsecured debt securities;

 

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to establish additional series of debt securities as permitted under the indenture;

 

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to establish the form or terms of debt securities of any series, including the provisions and procedures, if applicable, for the conversion or exchange of the debt securities into other securities or property;

 

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to evidence and provide for the acceptance or appointment of a successor trustee or facilitate the administration of the trusts under the indenture by more than one trustee;

 

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to make any provision with respect to the conversion or exchange of rights of holders pursuant to the requirements of the indenture;

 

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to close the indenture with respect to the authentication and delivery of additional series of debt securities or to qualify, or maintain qualification of, the indenture under the Trust Indenture Act; or

 

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to supplement any of the provisions of the indenture to the extent necessary to permit or facilitate defeasance and discharge of any series of debt securities, provided that the action shall not adversely affect the interests of the holders of debt securities of any series in any material respect.

 

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A vote by holders of debt securities will not be required for clarifications and certain other changes that would not adversely affect holders of the debt securities.

Defeasance of Debt Securities and Certain Covenants in Certain Circumstances

Legal Defeasance

Unless the terms of the applicable series of debt securities provide otherwise, we may be discharged from any and all obligations in respect of the debt securities of any series. We will be so discharged upon the deposit with the trustee, in trust, of money and/or United States government obligations or, in the case of debt securities denominated in a single currency other than United States dollars, foreign government obligations (as described at the end of this section) that, through the payment of interest and principal in accordance with their terms, will provide money in an amount sufficient in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants to pay and discharge each installment of principal, premium and interest on and any mandatory sinking fund payments in respect of the debt securities of that series on the stated maturity of such payments in accordance with the terms of the indenture and those debt securities.

This discharge may occur only if, among other things, we have delivered to the trustee an opinion of counsel stating that we have received from, or there has been published by, the United States Internal Revenue Service a ruling or, since the date of execution of the indenture, there has been a change in the applicable United States federal income tax law, in either case to the effect that holders of the debt securities of such series will not recognize income, gain or loss for United States federal income tax purposes as a result of the deposit, defeasance and discharge and will be subject to United States federal income tax on the same amount and in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if the deposit, defeasance and discharge had not occurred.

Defeasance of Certain Covenants

Unless the terms of the applicable series of debt securities provide otherwise, upon compliance with certain conditions we may omit to comply with the restrictive covenants contained in the indenture, as well as any additional covenants contained in the applicable prospectus supplement.

The conditions include:

 

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depositing with the trustee money and/or United States government obligations or, in the case of debt securities denominated in a single currency other than United States dollars, foreign government obligations, that, through the payment of interest and principal in accordance with their terms, will provide money in an amount sufficient in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants to pay principal, premium and interest on and any mandatory sinking fund payments in respect of the debt securities of that series on the stated maturity of those payments in accordance with the terms of the indenture and those debt securities; and

 

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delivering to the trustee an opinion of counsel to the effect that the holders of the debt securities of that series will not recognize income, gain or loss for United States federal income tax purposes as a result of the deposit and related covenant defeasance and will be subject to United States federal income tax in the same amount and in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if the deposit and related covenant defeasance had not occurred.

Covenant Defeasance and Events of Default

If we exercise our option, as described above, not to comply with certain covenants of the indenture with respect to any series of debt securities, and the debt securities of that series are declared due and payable because of the occurrence of any event of default, the amount of money and/or United States government obligations or foreign government obligations on deposit with the trustee will be sufficient to pay amounts due on the debt

 

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securities of that series at the time of their stated maturity but may not be sufficient to pay amounts due on the debt securities of that series at the time of the acceleration resulting from the event of default. However, we will remain liable for those payments.

“Foreign government obligations” means, with respect to debt securities of any series that are denominated in a currency other than United States dollars:

 

•

direct obligations of the government that issued or caused to be issued such currency for the payment of which obligations its full faith and credit is pledged, which are not callable or redeemable at the option of the issuer thereof; or

 

•

obligations of a person controlled or supervised by or acting as an agency or instrumentality of that government, the timely payment of which is unconditionally guaranteed as a full faith and credit obligation by that government, which are not callable or redeemable at the option of the issuer thereof.

Guarantees

Our payment obligations under any series of debt securities may be guaranteed by us or one or more of our subsidiaries. The terms of any such guarantee will be set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement.

Subordination

We will set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement the terms and conditions, if any, upon which any series of senior subordinated securities or subordinated securities is subordinated to debt securities of another series or to other indebtedness of ours. The terms will include a description of the following:

 

•

the indebtedness ranking senior to the debt securities being offered;

 

•

any restrictions on payments to the holders of the debt securities being offered while a default with respect to the senior indebtedness is continuing;

 

•

any restrictions on payments to the holders of the debt securities being offered following an event of default; and

 

•

provisions requiring holders of the debt securities being offered to remit some payments to holders of senior indebtedness.

Conversion and Exchange Rights

The terms on which debt securities of any series may be convertible into or exchangeable for our common stock, preferred stock or other securities or property of our company will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement. These terms will include the following:

 

•

the conversion or exchange price, or the manner of calculating the price;

 

•

the exchange or conversion period;

 

•

whether the conversion or exchange is mandatory, or voluntary at the option of the holder, or at our option;

 

•

any restrictions on conversion or exchange in the event of redemption of the debt securities and any restrictions on conversion or exchange; and

 

•

the means of calculating the number of shares of our common stock, preferred stock, or other securities or property of our company to be received by the holders of debt securities.

The conversion or exchange price of any debt securities of any series that are convertible into our common stock or preferred stock will be adjusted for any stock dividends, stock splits, reclassification, combinations, or similar transactions, as set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement.

 

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Redemption of Debt Securities

The debt securities may be subject to optional or mandatory redemption on terms and conditions described in the applicable prospectus supplement. Subject to such terms, we may opt at any time to partially or entirely redeem the debt securities.

If less than all the debt securities of any series are to be redeemed or purchased in an offer to purchase at any time, the trustee will select the debt securities of that series to be redeemed or purchased as follows: (1) if the securities of such series are listed on any national securities exchange, in compliance with the requirements of the principal national securities exchange on which the debt securities of that series are listed, or (2) if the debt securities of that series are not listed on a national securities exchange, on a pro rata basis, by lot, or by such other method as the trustee deems fair and appropriate.

Except as otherwise provided as to any particular series of debt securities, at least 30 days but not more than 60 days before a redemption date, we will mail a notice of redemption to each holder whose debt securities are to be redeemed. From and after notice has been given as provided in the applicable indenture, if funds for the redemption of any debt securities called for redemption shall have been made available on the redemption date, the debt securities will cease to bear interest on the date fixed for the redemption specified in the notice, and the only right of the holders of the debt securities will be to receive payment of the redemption price.

Governing Law

The indentures and the debt securities will be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the state of New York, except to the extent that the Trust Indenture Act is applicable.

 

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DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS

General

We may issue warrants to purchase common stock (which we refer to as common stock warrants), preferred stock (which we refer to as preferred stock warrants) or debt securities (which we refer to as debt security warrants). Any of these warrants may be issued independently or together with any other securities offered by this prospectus and may be attached to or separate from those securities.

While the terms we have summarized below will generally apply to any future warrants we may offer under this prospectus, we will describe the particular terms of any warrants that we may offer in more detail in the applicable prospectus supplement. The terms of any warrants we offer under a prospectus supplement may differ from the terms we describe below.

We may issue the warrants under a warrant agreement, which we will enter into with a warrant agent to be selected by us. We use the term “warrant agreement” to refer to any of these warrant agreements. We use the term “warrant agent” to refer to the warrant agent under any of these warrant agreements. The warrant agent will act solely as an agent of ours in connection with the warrants and will not act as an agent for the holders or beneficial owners of the warrants. A warrant agent will have no duty or responsibility in case of any default by us under the applicable warrant agreement or warrant, including any duty or responsibility to initiate any proceedings at law or otherwise, or to make any demand upon us. Any holder of a warrant may, without the consent of the related warrant agent or the holder of any other warrant, enforce by appropriate legal action its right to exercise, and receive the securities purchasable upon exercise of, its warrants.

We will incorporate by reference into the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part the form of warrant agreement, including a form of warrant certificate, which describes the terms of the series of warrants we are offering before the issuance of the related series of warrants. The following summaries of material provisions of the warrants and the warrant agreements are subject to, and qualified in their entirety by reference to, all the provisions of the warrant agreement applicable to a particular series of warrants. We urge you to read the applicable prospectus supplements related to the warrants that we sell under this prospectus, as well as the complete warrant agreements that contain the terms of the warrants.

Other Warrants

We will describe the terms of any common stock warrants, preferred stock warrants or debt security warrants in the applicable prospectus supplement. Those terms will include, to the extent applicable:

 

•

the title of the warrants;

 

•

the offering price and the aggregate number of warrants offered;

 

•

the designation, number and terms of the securities purchasable upon exercise of the warrants;

 

•

the designation and terms of the other securities, if any, with which the warrants are issued and the number of warrants issued with each such security;

 

•

the date on and after which the holder of the warrants can transfer them separately from the related common stock or series of preferred stock;

 

•

the price at which each underlying security may be purchased upon exercise, including, if applicable, any provisions for changes to or adjustments in the exercise price and in the securities or other property receivable upon exercise;

 

•

the terms of any rights to redeem or call, or accelerate the expiration of, the warrants;

 

•

the date on which the right to exercise the warrants begins and the date on which that right expires;

 

•

United States federal income tax consequences of holding or exercising the warrants; and

 

•

any other specific terms, preferences, rights or limitations of, or restrictions on, the warrants.

 

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Unless specified in the applicable prospectus supplement, common stock warrants, preferred stock warrants or debt security warrants will be in registered form only.

A holder of warrant certificates may exchange them for new certificates of different denominations, present them for registration of transfer and exercise them at the corporate trust office of the warrant agent or any other office indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement. Until any warrants to purchase common stock, preferred stock or debt securities are exercised, holders of the warrants will not have any rights of holders of the underlying common stock, preferred stock or debt securities, including any rights to receive dividends or to exercise any voting rights, except to the extent set forth under the heading “Warrant Adjustments” below.

Exercise of Warrants

Each warrant will entitle the holder to purchase for cash shares of common stock, preferred stock or debt securities at the applicable exercise price set forth in, or determined as described in, the applicable prospectus supplement. Warrants may be exercised at any time up to the close of business on the expiration date set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement. After the close of business on the expiration date, unexercised warrants will become void.

Warrants may be exercised by delivering to the corporation trust office of the warrant agent or any other officer indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement (a) the warrant certificate properly completed and duly executed and (b) payment of the amount due upon exercise. As soon as practicable following exercise, we will forward the debt securities, shares of common stock or preferred stock purchasable. If less than all of the warrants represented by a warrant certificate are exercised, a new warrant certificate will be issued for the remaining warrants.

Amendments and Supplements to the Warrant Agreements

We may amend or supplement a warrant agreement without the consent of the holders of the applicable warrants to cure ambiguities in the warrant agreement, to cure or correct a defective provision in the warrant agreement, or to provide for other matters under the warrant agreement that we and the warrant agent deem necessary or desirable, so long as, in each case, such amendments or supplements do not materially adversely affect the interests of the holders of the warrants.

Warrant Adjustments

Unless the applicable prospectus supplement states otherwise, the exercise price of, and the number of securities covered by, a common stock warrant, preferred stock warrant or debt security warrant will be adjusted proportionately if we subdivide or combine our common stock or preferred stock, as applicable. In addition, unless the prospectus supplement states otherwise, if we, without payment:

 

•

issue capital stock or other securities convertible into or exchangeable for common stock or preferred stock, or any rights to subscribe for, purchase or otherwise acquire any of the foregoing, as a dividend or distribution to holders of our common stock or preferred stock;

 

•

pay any cash to holders of our common stock or preferred stock other than a cash dividend paid out of our current or retained earnings or other than in accordance with the terms of the preferred stock;

 

•

issue any evidence of our indebtedness or rights to subscribe for or purchase our indebtedness to holders of our common stock or preferred stock; or

 

•

issue common stock or preferred stock or additional stock or other securities or property to holders of our common stock or preferred stock by way of spinoff, split-up, reclassification, combination of shares or similar corporate rearrangement,

 

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then the holders of common stock warrants, preferred stock warrants and debt security warrants, as applicable, will be entitled to receive upon exercise of the warrants, in addition to the securities otherwise receivable upon exercise of the warrants and without paying any additional consideration, the amount of stock and other securities and property such holders would have been entitled to receive had they held the common stock, preferred stock or debt securities, as applicable, issuable under the warrants on the dates on which holders of those securities received or became entitled to receive such additional stock and other securities and property.

Except as stated above, the exercise price and number of securities covered by a common stock warrant, preferred stock warrant and debt security warrant, and the amounts of other securities or property to be received, if any, upon exercise of those warrants, will not be adjusted or provided for if we issue those securities or any securities convertible into or exchangeable for those securities, or securities carrying the right to purchase those securities or securities convertible into or exchangeable for those securities.

Holders of common stock warrants, preferred stock warrants and debt security warrants may have additional rights under the following circumstances:

 

•

certain reclassifications, capital reorganizations or changes of the common stock or preferred stock, as applicable;

 

•

certain share exchanges, mergers, or similar transactions involving us and which result in changes of the common stock or preferred stock, as applicable; or

 

•

certain sales or dispositions to another entity of all or substantially all of our property and assets.

If one of the above transactions occurs and holders of our common stock, preferred stock or debt securities are entitled to receive stock, securities or other property with respect to or in exchange for their securities, the holders of the common stock warrants, preferred stock warrants and debt security warrants then outstanding, as applicable, will be entitled to receive upon exercise of their warrants the kind and amount of shares of stock and other securities or property that they would have received upon the applicable transaction if they had exercised their warrants immediately before the transaction.

 

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DESCRIPTION OF UNITS

The following description, together with the additional information we include in any applicable prospectus supplement, summarizes the material terms and provisions of the units that we may offer under this prospectus. Units may be offered independently or together with common stock, preferred stock, debt securities, and warrants offered by any prospectus supplement, and may be attached to or separate from those securities. While the terms we have summarized below will generally apply to any future units that we may offer under this prospectus, we will describe the particular terms of any series of units that we may offer in more detail in the applicable prospectus supplement. The terms of any units offered under a prospectus supplement may differ from the terms described below.

We will incorporate by reference into the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part the form of unit agreement, including a form of unit certificate, if any, which describes the terms of the series of units we are offering before the issuance of the related series of units. The following summaries of material provisions of the units and the unit agreements are subject to, and qualified in their entirety by reference to, all the provisions of the unit agreement applicable to a particular series of units. We urge you to read the applicable prospectus supplements related to the units that we sell under this prospectus, as well as the complete unit agreements that contain the terms of the units.

General

We may issue units consisting of common stock, preferred stock, debt securities, and/or warrants in any combination. Each unit will be issued so that the holder of the unit is also the holder of each security included in the unit. Thus, the holder of a unit will have the rights and obligations of a holder of each included security. The unit agreement under which a unit is issued may provide that the securities included in the unit may not be held or transferred separately, at any time, or at any time before a specified date.

We will describe in the applicable prospectus supplement the terms of the series of units, including the following:

 

•

the designation and terms of the units and of the securities comprising the units, including whether and under what circumstances those securities may be held or transferred separately;

 

•

any provisions of the governing unit agreement that differ from those described below; and

 

•

any provisions for the issuance, payment, settlement, transfer, or exchange of the units or of the securities comprising the units.

The provisions described in this section, as well as those described under “Description of Common Stock,” “Description of Preferred Stock,” “Description of Debt Securities,” and “Description of Warrants,” will apply to each unit and to any common stock, preferred stock, debt security, or warrant included in each unit, respectively.

Issuance in Series

We may issue units in such amounts and in such numerous distinct series as we determine.

Enforceability of Rights by Holders of Units

Each unit agent will act solely as our agent under the applicable unit agreement and will not assume any obligation or relationship of agency or trust with any holder of any unit. A single bank or trust company may act as unit agent for more than one series of units. A unit agent will have no duty or responsibility in case of any default by us under the applicable unit agreement or unit, including any duty or responsibility to initiate any proceedings at law or otherwise, or to make any demand upon us. Any holder of a unit may, without the consent of the related unit agent or the holder of any other unit, enforce by appropriate legal action its rights as holder under any security included in the unit.

Title

We, the unit agent, and any of their agents may treat the registered holder of any unit certificate as an absolute owner of the units evidenced by that certificate for any purposes and as the person entitled to exercise the rights attaching to the units so requested, despite any notice to the contrary.

 

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CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF DELAWARE LAW AND

OUR CHARTER AND BYLAWS

The following paragraphs summarize certain provisions of Delaware law and our certificate of incorporation, as amended, and fourth amended and restated bylaws. The summary does not purport to be complete and is subject to and qualified in its entirety by reference to Delaware law and to our certificate of incorporation, as amended, and fourth amended and restated bylaws, copies of which are on file with the SEC as exhibits to reports previously filed by us. See “Where You Can Find More Information.”

Anti-Takeover Effects

General

Our certificate of incorporation, as amended, our fourth amended and restated bylaws, and the Delaware General Corporation Law contain certain provisions that could delay or make more difficult an acquisition of control of our company not approved by our board of directors, whether by means of a tender offer, open market purchases, a proxy contest, or otherwise. These provisions have been implemented to enable us to develop our business in a manner that will foster our long-term growth without disruption caused by the threat of a takeover not deemed by our board of directors to be in the best interests of our company and our stockholders. These provisions could have the effect of discouraging third parties from making proposals involving an acquisition or change of control of our company even if such a proposal, if made, might be considered desirable by a majority of our stockholders. These provisions may also have the effect of making it more difficult for third parties to cause the replacement of our current management without the concurrence of our board of directors.

There is set forth below a description of the provisions contained in our certificate of incorporation, as amended, and fourth amended and restated bylaws and the Delaware General Corporation Law that could impede or delay an acquisition of control of our company that our board of directors has not approved. This description is intended as a summary only and is qualified in its entirety by reference to our certificate of incorporation, as amended, and fourth amended and restated bylaws, as well as the Delaware General Corporation Law.

Authorized but Unissued Preferred Stock

Our certificate of incorporation, as amended, authorizes our board of directors to issue one or more series of preferred stock and to determine, with respect to any series of preferred stock, the terms and rights of such series.

We believe that the ability to issue additional preferred stock will provide us with increased flexibility in structuring possible future financings and acquisitions and in meeting other corporate needs that may arise. Having such authorized shares available for issuance will allow us to issue shares of preferred stock without the expense and delay of a special stockholders’ meeting. The authorized shares of preferred stock, as well as our common stock, will be available for issuance without further action by our stockholders, unless such action is required by applicable law or the rules of the Nasdaq Global Select Market or other organizations on which our securities are then listed or quoted. Our board of directors has the power, subject to applicable law, to issue additional series of preferred stock that could, depending on the terms of such series, impede the completion of a merger, tender offer, or other takeover attempt. For instance, subject to applicable law, such series of preferred stock might impede a business combination by including class voting rights that would enable the holder to block such a transaction.

Number of Directors; Removal; Filling Vacancies

Our certificate of incorporation, as amended, and fourth amended and restated bylaws provide that the number of directors shall be fixed only by resolution of our board of directors from time to time. Our fourth amended and restated bylaws provide that directors may be removed by stockholders at a special meeting called expressly for that purpose only both for cause and by the affirmative vote of at least a majority of the shares

 

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entitled to vote, provided that such removal shall become effective only in accordance with Section 2.4(b) of our fourth amended and restated bylaws. Our certificate of incorporation, as amended, provides that vacancies on the board of directors are filled by a majority vote of the remaining directors.

Classified board of directors

Our certificate of incorporation, as amended, provides for our board of directors to be divided into three classes, as nearly equal in number as possible, serving staggered terms. Approximately one-third of our board of directors will be elected each year. The provision for a classified board could prevent a party who acquires control of a majority of our outstanding common stock from obtaining control of the board of directors until our second annual stockholder meeting following the date the acquirer obtains the controlling share interest. The classified board of directors provision could have the effect of discouraging a potential acquirer from making a tender offer or otherwise attempting to obtain control of us and could increase the likelihood that incumbent directors will retain their positions.

Stockholder action

Our certificate of incorporation, as amended, provides that stockholder action may be taken at an annual or special meeting of stockholders and by written consent in lieu of a meeting. Our certificate of incorporation, as amended, and fourth amended and restated bylaws further provide that special meetings of stockholders may be called only by the chairman of the board of directors, our chief executive officer, a majority of the board of directors, or our secretary. Stockholders are not permitted to call a special meeting, but stockholders holding at least a majority of all shares entitled to vote on the issue or issued proposed to be considered at a special meeting, may demand such special meeting by delivering a written demand for such special meeting to the secretary of the corporation which contains the information with regard to the issues or issues proposed as is required by the fourth amended and restated bylaws.

The provisions of our certificate of incorporation, as amended, and fourth amended and restated bylaws limiting stockholders from calling a special meeting may have the effect of delaying consideration of a stockholder proposal until the next annual meeting. Moreover, a stockholder may not be able to force stockholder consideration of a proposal over the opposition of the board of directors by calling a special meeting of stockholders prior to the time a majority of the whole board, our chairman, or our chief executive officer believes such consideration to be appropriate.

Advance notice for stockholder proposals and director nominations

Our fourth amended and restated bylaws establish an advance notice procedure for stockholder proposals to be brought before any annual or special meeting of stockholders and for nominations by stockholders of candidates for election as directors at an annual meeting or a special meeting at which directors are to be elected. Subject to any other applicable requirements, including, without limitation, Rule 14a-8 under the Exchange Act, only such business may be conducted at a meeting of stockholders as has been brought before the meeting by, or at the direction of, our board of directors, or by a stockholder who has given our secretary timely written notice, in proper form, of the stockholder’s intention to bring that business before the meeting. The presiding officer at such meeting has the authority to make such determinations. Only persons who are nominated by, or at the direction of, our board of directors, or who are nominated by a stockholder that has given timely written notice, in proper form, to our secretary prior to a meeting at which directors are to be elected, will be eligible for election as directors.

To be timely, notice of nominations or other business to be brought before any meeting must be delivered to our secretary not less than 90 days nor more than 120 days prior to the anniversary date of the annual meeting for the preceding year.

 

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A stockholder’s notice must provide (a) as to each person whom the stockholder proposes to nominate for election or re-election as a director, all information that is required by applicable law to be disclosed with regard to someone seeking election or re-election as a director of a corporation, and (b) as to any other business that the stockholder proposes to bring before the annual meeting, a brief description of the business desired to be brought before the meeting, the reasons for conducting such business at the meeting, any material interest in such business of such stockholder and the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the proposal is made, and all other information that is required by applicable law to be disclosed with regard to such business being placed before our stockholders for consideration. In addition, the notice shall contain, as to the stockholder giving notice and the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the nomination or proposal is made (i) the name and address of such stockholder, as they appear on our books, and of such beneficial owner, and (ii) the class and number of shares of our stock that are owned beneficially and of record by such stockholder and such beneficial owner.

Amendments to certificate of incorporation and bylaws

Certain provisions of our certificate of incorporation, as amended, and fourth amended and restated bylaws, such as staggered director terms, may be amended only by the holders of at least 80% of the shares entitled to vote at an annual or special meeting of stockholders.

Delaware business combination statute

Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law applies to our company. Section 203 provides that, subject to certain exceptions, a corporation shall not engage in any “business combination” with any “interested stockholder” for a three-year period following the time that such stockholder becomes an interested stockholder unless the following conditions have been satisfied:

 

•

prior to such time, the board of directors of the corporation approved either the business combination or the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder;

 

•

upon consummation of the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder, the interested stockholder owned at least 85% of the voting stock of the corporation outstanding at the time the transaction commenced (excluding certain shares); or

 

•

on or subsequent to such time, the business combination is approved by the board of directors of the corporation and by the affirmative vote of at least 66 2⁄3% of the outstanding voting stock at an annual or special meeting that is not owned by the interested stockholder.

Section 203 generally defines an “interested stockholder” to include the following:

 

•

any person that is the owner of 15% or more of the outstanding voting stock of the corporation, or is an affiliate or associate of the corporation and was the owner of 15% of more of the outstanding voting stock of the corporation at any time within three years immediately prior to the relevant date; and

 

•

the affiliates and associates of any such person.

Section 203 generally defines a “business combination” to include the following:

 

•

mergers and sales or other dispositions of 10% or more of the assets of the corporation with or to an interested stockholder;

 

•

certain transactions resulting in the issuance or transfer to the interested stockholder of any stock of the corporation or its subsidiaries;

 

•

certain transactions that would result in increasing the proportionate share of the stock of the corporation or its subsidiaries owned by the interested stockholders; and

 

•

receipt by the interested stockholder of the benefit, except proportionately as a stockholder, of any loans, advances, guarantees, pledges, or other financial benefits.

 

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Under certain circumstances, Section 203 makes it more difficult for a person that would be an “interested stockholder” to effect various business combinations with a corporation for a three-year period, although a company’s certificate of incorporation or stockholder-adopted bylaws may exempt a corporation from the restrictions imposed by Section 203. Neither our certificate of incorporation, as amended, nor our fourth amended and restated bylaws exempt our company from the restrictions imposed by Section 203. It is anticipated that the provisions of Section 203 may encourage companies interested in acquiring our company to negotiate in advance with our board of directors since the stockholder approval requirement would be avoided if the board of directors approves, prior to the time the acquirer becomes an interested stockholder, either the business combination or the transaction that results in the acquirer becoming an interested stockholder.

Liability and Indemnification of Officers and Directors

Limitation on liability of directors

Our certificate of incorporation, as amended, and fourth amended and restated bylaws eliminate the personal liability of our directors to our company and its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director, except to the extent such exemption or limitation of liability is not permitted under the Delaware General Corporation Law as currently in effect or as it may be amended after the date of this offering memorandum. In addition, our certificate of incorporation, as amended, provides that any future repeal or amendment of its terms will not adversely affect any rights of directors existing under the certificate of incorporation, as amended, with respect to acts or omissions occurring prior to such repeal or amendment. We have also entered into indemnification agreements with our directors and executive officers.

Under Delaware law as in effect on the date of this offering memorandum, our directors remain liable for the following:

 

•

any breach of their duty of loyalty to our company and its stockholders;

 

•

any act or omission not in good faith or that involves intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law;

 

•

any transaction from which a director derives an improper personal benefit; and

 

•

any unlawful distributions, under a provision of the Delaware General Corporation Law that makes directors personally liable and that expressly sets forth a negligence standard with respect to such liability.

The provisions in our certificate of incorporation, as amended, and fourth amended and restated bylaws that eliminate liability as described above will apply to our officers if they are also directors of our company and are acting in their capacity as directors and will not apply to our officers who are not directors or who are not acting in their capacity as directors.

Indemnification

The Delaware General Corporation Law contains provisions permitting and, in some situations, requiring Delaware corporations to provide indemnification to their officers and directors for losses and litigation expenses incurred in connection with their service to the corporation in those capacities. In addition, we have adopted provisions in our certificate of incorporation, as amended, and fourth amended and restated bylaws and entered into indemnification agreements that require us to indemnify the directors, executive officers, and certain other representatives of our company against expenses and certain other liabilities arising out of their conduct on behalf of our company to the maximum extent and under all circumstances permitted by law. Indemnification includes advancement of reasonable expenses in certain circumstances.

The Delaware General Corporation Law permits indemnification of a director of a Delaware corporation, in the case of a third-party action, if the director

 

•

conducted himself or herself in good faith; and

 

•

reasonably believed that;

 

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•

his or her conduct was in, or not opposed to, the corporation’s best interests, or

 

•

in the case of any criminal proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe that his or her conduct was unlawful.

The Delaware General Corporation Law further provides for mandatory indemnification of directors and officers who are wholly successful on the merits or otherwise in litigation. The Delaware General Corporation Law limits the indemnification that a corporation may provide to its directors in a derivative action in which the director is held liable to the corporation, or in any proceeding in which the director is held liable on the basis of his or her improper receipt of a personal benefit.

Indemnification for Securities Act Liabilities

Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers or persons controlling us pursuant to the foregoing provisions, we have been informed that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable.

 

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LEGAL OWNERSHIP OF SECURITIES

We can issue securities in registered form or in the form of one or more global securities. We refer to those persons who have securities registered in their own names on the books that we or any applicable trustee, depositary, or warrant agent maintain for this purpose as the “holders” of those securities. These persons are the legal holders of the securities. We refer to those persons who, indirectly through others, own beneficial interests in securities that are not registered in their own names as “indirect holders” of those securities. As we discuss below, indirect holders are not legal holders, and investors in securities issued in book-entry form or in street name will be indirect holders.

See also the section entitled “Description of Debt Securities — Form, Transfer, and Exchange” above for additional discussion of book entry and certificated form of ownership as such forms of ownership impact the rights and obligations of purchasers of debt securities to be issued under this prospectus.

Book-Entry Holders

We may issue securities in book-entry form only, as we will specify in the applicable prospectus supplement. This means securities may be represented by one or more global securities registered in the name of a financial institution that holds them as depositary on behalf of other financial institutions that participate in the depositary’s book-entry system. These participating institutions, which are referred to as participants, in turn, hold beneficial interests in the securities on behalf of themselves or their customers. Upon the issuance of a global security, the depositary will credit, on its book-entry registration and transfer system, the participants’ accounts with the respective principal amounts of the book-entry securities represented by the global security beneficially owned by such participants. The accounts to be credited will be designated by any dealers, underwriters, or agents participating in the distribution of the book-entry securities. Ownership of book-entry securities will be shown on, and the transfer of the ownership interests will be effected only through, records maintained by the depositary for the related global security (with respect to interests of participants) and on the records of participants (with respect to interests of persons holding through participants). The laws of some states may require that certain purchasers of securities take physical delivery of such securities in definitive form. These laws may impair the ability to own, transfer, or pledge beneficial interests in book-entry securities.

Only the person in whose name a security is registered is recognized as the holder of that security. Securities issued in global form will be registered in the name of the depositary or its participants. Consequently, for securities issued in global form, we will recognize only the depositary as the holder of the securities, and we will make all payments on the securities to the depositary. The depositary passes along the payments it receives to its participants, which in turn pass the payments along to their customers who are the beneficial owners. The depositary and its participants do so under agreements they have made with one another or with their customers; they are not obligated to do so under the terms of the securities.

As a result, investors in a book-entry security will not own securities directly. Instead, they will own beneficial interests in a global security, through a bank, broker, or other financial institution that participates in the depositary’s book-entry system or holds an interest through a participant. As long as the securities are issued in global form, investors will be indirect holders, and not holders, of the securities.

Street Name Holders

We may terminate a global security or issue securities in non-global form. In these cases, investors may choose to hold their securities in their own names or in “street name.” Securities held by an investor in street name would be registered in the name of a bank, broker, or other financial institution that the investor chooses, and the investor would hold only a beneficial interest in those securities through an account he, she, or it maintains at that institution.

 

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For securities held in street name, we will recognize only the intermediary banks, brokers, and other financial institutions in whose names the securities are registered as the holders of those securities, and we will make all payments on those securities to them. These institutions pass along the payments they receive to their customers who are the beneficial owners, but only because they agree to do so in their customer agreements or because they are legally required to do so. Investors who hold securities in street name will be indirect holders, not holders, of those securities.

Legal Holders

Our obligations, as well as the obligations of any applicable trustee and of any third parties employed by us or a trustee, run only to the legal holders of the securities. We do not have obligations to investors who hold beneficial interests in global securities, in street name, or by any other indirect means. This will be the case whether an investor chooses to be an indirect holder of a security or has no choice because we are issuing the securities only in global form.

For example, once we make a payment or give a notice to the holder, we have no further responsibility for the payment or notice even if that holder is required, under agreements with depositary participants or customers or by law, to pass it along to the indirect holders but does not do so. Whether and how the holders contact the indirect holders is up to the holders.

Special Considerations for Indirect Holders

If you hold securities through a bank, broker, or other financial institution, either in book-entry form or in street name, you should check with your own institution to determine the following:

 

•

how it handles securities payments and notices;

 

•

whether it imposes fees or charges;

 

•

how it would handle a request for the holders’ consent, if ever required;

 

•

whether and how you can instruct it to send you securities registered in your own name so you can be a holder, if that is permitted in the future;

 

•

how it would exercise rights under the securities if there were a default or other event triggering the need for holders to act to protect their interests; and

 

•

if the securities are in book-entry form, how the depositary’s rules and procedures will affect these matters.

Global Securities

A global security is a security that represents one or any other number of individual securities held by a depositary. Generally, all securities represented by the same global securities will have the same terms. Each security issued in book-entry form will be represented by a global security that we deposit with and register in the name of a financial institution or its nominee that we select. The financial institution that we select for this purpose is called the depositary. Unless we specify otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, The Depository Trust Company, New York, New York, known as DTC, will be the depositary for all securities issued in book-entry form.

A global security may not be transferred to or registered in the name of anyone other than the depositary, its nominee, or a successor depositary, unless special termination situations arise. We describe those situations below under “Special Situations When a Global Security Will Be Terminated.” As a result of these arrangements, the depositary, or its nominee, will be the sole registered owner and holder of all securities represented by a global security, and investors will be permitted to own only beneficial interests in a global security. Beneficial

 

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interests must be held by means of an account with a broker, bank, or other financial institution that in turn has an account with the depositary or with another institution that does. Thus, an investor whose security is represented by a global security will not be a holder of the security, but only an indirect holder of a beneficial interest in the global security.

If the prospectus supplement for a particular security indicates that the security will be issued in global form only, then the security will be represented by a global security at all times unless and until the global security is terminated. If termination occurs, we may issue the securities through another book-entry clearing system or decide that the securities may no longer be held through any book-entry clearing system.

We may at any time and in our sole discretion determine not to have any of the book-entry securities of any series represented by one or more global securities and, in that event, we will issue certificated securities in exchange for the global securities of that series.

Special Considerations for Global Securities

The rights of an indirect holder relating to a global security will be governed by the account rules of the investor’s financial institution and of the depositary, as well as general laws relating to securities transfers. We do not recognize an indirect holder as a holder of securities and instead deal only with the depositary that holds the global security.

If securities are issued only in the form of a global security, an investor should be aware of the following:

 

•

an investor cannot cause the securities to be registered in his, her, or its name, and cannot obtain non-global certificates for his, her, or its interest in the securities, except in the special situations we describe below;

 

•

an investor will be an indirect holder and must look to his, her, or its own bank or broker for payments on the securities and protection of his, her, or its legal rights relating to the securities, as we describe above;

 

•

an investor may not be able to sell interests in the securities to some insurance companies and to other institutions that are required by law to own their securities in non-book-entry form;

 

•

an investor may not be able to pledge his, her, or its interest in a global security in circumstances where certificates representing the securities must be delivered to the lender or other beneficiary of the pledge in order for the pledge to be effective;

 

•

the depositary’s policies, which may change from time to time, will govern payments, transfers, exchanges, and other matters relating to an investor’s interest in a global security;

 

•

we and any applicable trustee have no responsibility for any aspect of the depositary’s actions or for its records of ownership interests in a global security, nor do we or any applicable trustee supervise the depositary in any way;

 

•

the depositary may, and we understand that DTC will, require that those who purchase and sell interests in a global security within its book-entry system use immediately available funds, and your broker or bank may require you to do so as well; and

 

•

financial institutions that participate in the depositary’s book-entry system, and through which an investor holds its interest in a global security, may also have their own policies affecting payments, notices, and other matters relating to the securities.

There may be more than one financial intermediary in the chain of ownership for an investor. We do not monitor and are not responsible for the actions of any of those intermediaries.

 

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Special Situations When a Global Security Will Be Terminated

In a few special situations described below, the global security will terminate and interests in it will be exchanged for physical certificates representing those interests. After that exchange, the choice of whether to hold securities directly or in street name will be up to the investor. Investors must consult their own banks or brokers to find out how to have their interests in securities transferred to their own name, so that they will be direct holders. We have described the rights of holders and street name investors above.

Unless we provide otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, the global security will terminate when the following special situations occur:

 

•

if the depositary notifies us that it is unwilling, unable, or no longer qualified under the Exchange Act to continue as depositary for that global security and we do not appoint another institution to act as depositary within 90 days;

 

•

if we notify any applicable trustee that we wish to terminate that global security; or

 

•

if an event of default has occurred with regard to securities represented by that global security and has not been cured or waived.

The prospectus supplement may also list additional situations for terminating a global security that would apply only to the particular types and series of securities covered by the applicable prospectus supplement. When a global security terminates, the depositary, and not we or any applicable trustee, is responsible for deciding the names of the institutions that will be the initial direct holders.

 

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PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

We may sell the securities described in this prospectus from time to time in one or more of the following ways:

 

•

to or through underwriters or dealers;

 

•

directly to one or more purchasers;

 

•

through agents; or

 

•

through a combination of any of those methods of sale.

The prospectus supplement with respect to the offered securities will describe the terms of the offering, including the following:

 

•

the name or names of any underwriters or agents;

 

•

any public offering price;

 

•

the proceeds from such sale;

 

•

any underwriting discounts or agency fees and other items constituting underwriters’ or agents’ compensation;

 

•

any over-allotment options under which underwriters may purchase additional securities from us;

 

•

any discounts or concessions allowed or reallowed or paid to dealers; and

 

•

any securities exchanges on which the securities may be listed.

We may distribute the securities from time to time in one or more of the following ways:

 

•

at a fixed public offering price or prices, which may be changed;

 

•

at prices relating to prevailing market prices at the time of sale;

 

•

at varying prices determined at the time of sale; or

 

•

at negotiated prices.

Unless otherwise indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, if we use underwriters for a sale of securities, the underwriters will acquire the securities for their own account. The underwriters may resell the securities in one or more transactions, including negotiated transactions, at a fixed public offering price, or at varying prices determined at the time of sale. The obligations of the underwriters to purchase the securities will be subject to the conditions set forth in the applicable underwriting agreement. Unless otherwise indicated in a prospectus supplement, the underwriters will be obligated to purchase all the securities of the series offered if they purchase any of the securities of that series. We may change from time to time any initial public offering price and any discounts or concessions the underwriters allow or reallow or pay to dealers. We may use underwriters with whom we have a material relationship. We will describe in the prospectus supplement naming the underwriter the nature of any such relationship. We may designate agents who agree to use their reasonable efforts to solicit purchases for the period of their appointment or to sell securities on a continuing basis. We may also sell securities directly to one or more purchasers without using underwriters or agents.

Underwriters, dealers, or agents may receive compensation in the form of discounts, concessions, or commissions from us or from purchasers of the securities as their agents in connection with the sale of the securities. These underwriters, dealers, or agents may be considered to be underwriters under the Securities Act. As a result, discounts, commissions, or profits on resale received by underwriters, dealers, or agents may be treated as underwriting discounts and commissions. Each prospectus supplement will identify any underwriter, dealer, or agent and describe any compensation received by them from us. Any initial public offering price and any discounts or concessions allowed or reallowed or paid to dealers may be changed from time to time.

 

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Unless otherwise specified in the applicable prospectus supplement, each class or series of securities will be a new issue with no established trading market, other than our common stock, which is listed on the Nasdaq Global Select Market. We may elect to list any other class or series of securities on any exchange, but we are not obligated to do so. It is possible that one or more underwriters may make a market in a class or series of securities, but the underwriters will not be obligated to do so and may discontinue any market making at any time without notice. We cannot give any assurance as to the liquidity of the trading market for any of the securities.

In connection with any offering, the underwriters may engage in stabilizing transactions, over-allotment transactions, syndicate covering transactions, and penalty bids in accordance with Regulation M under the Exchange Act.

 

•

Stabilizing transactions permit bids to purchase the underlying security so long as the stabilizing bids do not exceed a specified maximum.

 

•

Over-allotment involves sales by the underwriters of shares of our common stock in excess of the number of shares the underwriters are obligated to purchase, which creates a syndicate short position. The short position may be either a covered short position or a naked short position. In a covered short position, the number of shares of our common stock over-allotted by the underwriters is not greater than the number of shares that they may purchase in the over-allotment option. In a naked short position, the number of shares of our common stock involved is greater than the number of shares in the over-allotment option. The underwriters may close out any covered short position by either exercising their over-allotment option or purchasing shares of our common stock in the open market.

 

•

Syndicate covering transactions involve purchases of our common stock in the open market after the distribution has been completed in order to cover syndicate short positions. In determining the source of shares to close out the short position, the underwriters will consider, among other things, the price of shares of our common stock available for purchase in the open market as compared to the price at which they may purchase shares through the over-allotment option so that if there is a naked short position, the position can only be closed out by buying shares in the open market. A naked short position is more likely to be created if the underwriters are concerned that there could be downward pressure on the price of the shares of our common stock in the open market after the pricing of any offering that could adversely affect investors who purchase in that offering.

 

•

Penalty bids permit the representatives of the underwriters to reclaim a selling concession from a syndicate member when the common stock originally sold by the syndicate member is purchased in a stabilizing or syndicate covering transaction to cover syndicate short positions.

These stabilizing transactions, over-allotments, syndicate covering transactions, and penalty bids may have the effect of raising or maintaining the market price of our common stock or preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of our common stock. As a result, the price of our common stock may be higher than the price that might otherwise exist in the open market. These transactions may be effected on the Nasdaq Global Select Market or otherwise and, if commenced, may be discontinued at any time.

Underwriters, dealers, and agents may be entitled under agreements entered into with us to indemnification against certain civil liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, or to contribution with respect to payments they may be required to make in respect of these liabilities thereof. Underwriters, dealers, and agents and their affiliates may be customers of, may engage in transactions with, or perform services for us in the ordinary course of business for which they receive compensation.

 

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LEGAL MATTERS

The validity of the securities offered hereby will be passed upon by Greenberg Traurig, LLP, Phoenix, Arizona.

EXPERTS

The consolidated financial statements of TTM Technologies, Inc. as of and for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2012, and management’s assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2012 (which is included in Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting), incorporated in this Prospectus by reference to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012, have been incorporated in reliance on the report of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting.

The consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income (loss), stockholders’ equity, and cash flows of TTM Technologies, Inc. and subsidiaries for the year ended December 31, 2010 included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012, have been incorporated by reference herein in reliance upon the report of KPMG LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, incorporated by reference herein, and upon the authority of said firm as experts in accounting and auditing.

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

We file annual, quarterly, and current reports, proxy statements, and other information with the SEC under the Exchange Act. Through our website at www.ttmtech.com, you may access, free of charge, our filings, as soon as reasonably practical after we electronically file them with or furnish them to the SEC. Other information contained in our website is not incorporated by reference in, and should not be considered a part of, this prospectus or any accompanying prospectus supplement. You also may read and copy any document we file at the SEC’s public reference room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information on the public reference room. Our SEC filings are also available to the public from the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.

This prospectus is part of a registration statement on Form S-3 that we filed with the SEC to register the securities offered hereby under the Securities Act. This prospectus does not contain all of the information included in the registration statement, including certain exhibits and schedules. You may obtain the registration statement and exhibits to the registration statement from the SEC at the address listed above or from the SEC’s website.

 

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INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE

The SEC allows us to incorporate by reference the information we file with the SEC, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to those documents. The information that we incorporate by reference is considered to be part of this prospectus. Information that we file with the SEC in the future and incorporate by reference in this prospectus automatically updates and supersedes previously filed information as applicable.

We incorporate by reference into this prospectus the following documents filed by us with the SEC, other than any portion of any such documents that are not deemed “filed” under the Exchange Act in accordance with the Exchange Act and applicable SEC rules:

 

•

our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012;

 

•

our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the quarters ended April 1, 2013 and July 1, 2013;

 

•

our Current Reports on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 31, 2013, February 28, 2013, March 6, 2013, March 18, 2013, April 29, 2013, June 25, 2013, and September 12, 2013;

 

•

the information specifically incorporated by reference into our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012 from our definitive proxy statement on Schedule 14A filed with the SEC on March 14, 2013; and

 

•

the description of our common stock contained in the Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed with the SEC on August 8, 2005, including any amendments or reports filed for the purpose of updating such description.

We also incorporate by reference into this prospectus all documents (other than any portions of any such documents that are not deemed “filed” under the Exchange Act in accordance with the Exchange Act and applicable SEC rules) filed by us under Section 13(a), 13(c), 14, or 15(d) of the Exchange Act after the date of the initial registration statement and before effectiveness of the registration statement, and after the date of this prospectus.

You may request a copy of these filings at no cost, by writing or telephoning us as follows:

TTM Technologies, Inc.

Attention: Corporate Secretary

1665 Scenic Avenue, Suite 250

Costa Mesa, California 92626

(714) 327-3000

Any statement contained in a document that is incorporated by reference will be modified or superseded for all purposes to the extent that a statement contained in this prospectus or any accompanying prospectus supplement, or in any other document that is subsequently filed with the SEC and incorporated by reference, modifies or is contrary to that previous statement. Any statement so modified or superseded will not be deemed a part of this prospectus or any accompanying prospectus supplement, except as so modified or superseded. Since information that we later file with the SEC will update and supersede previously incorporated information, you should look at all of the SEC filings that we incorporate by reference to determine if any of the statements in this prospectus or any accompanying prospectus supplement or in any documents previously incorporated by reference have been modified or superseded.

 

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PART II

INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS

 

Item 14.

Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution.

The following table sets forth the fees and expenses payable by the registrant in connection with the offering described in the registration statement. All of the amounts shown are estimates, except for the SEC registration fee:

 

		Amount to be Paid
SEC Registration Fee		$	32,200
Accountants’ Fees and Expenses			*
Legal Fees and Expenses			*
Printing and Engraving Expenses			*
Transfer Agent Fees			*
Trust Fees and Expenses			*
Miscellaneous Fees			*
Total		$	*

 

*

These fees cannot be estimated at this time, as they are calculated based on the securities offered and the number of issuances. An estimate of the aggregate expenses in connection with the sale and distribution of the securities being offered will be included in the applicable prospectus supplement.

 

Item 15.

Indemnification of Directors and Officers.

Our certificate of incorporation, as amended, and fourth amended and restated bylaws limit the liability of directors to the fullest extent permitted by the Delaware General Corporation Law. In addition, our certificate of incorporation, as amended, and fourth amended and restated bylaws provide that we will indemnify our directors and officers to the fullest extent permitted by law. In addition, we have entered into indemnification agreements with our current directors and executive officers and expect to enter into a similar agreement with any new directors or executive officers.

Section 145 of the Delaware General Corporation Law empowers a Delaware corporation to indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending, or completed action, suit, or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative, or investigative (other than an action by or in the right of such corporation) by reason of the fact that such person is or was a director, officer, employee, or agent of such corporation, or is or was serving at the request of such corporation as a director, officer, employee, or agent of another corporation or enterprise. In accordance with Delaware law, the certificate of incorporation, as amended, and the fourth amended and restated bylaws of the registrant provide that the registrant will indemnify and advance expenses, to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law, to each person who is or was a director or officer of the registrant, or who serves or served any other enterprise or organization at the request of the registrant (an “Indemnitee”).

Under Delaware law, to the extent that an Indemnitee is successful on the merits in defense of a suit or proceeding brought against him or her by reason of the fact that he or she is or was a director, officer, or agent of the registrant, or serves or served any other enterprise or organization at the request of the registrant, the registrant shall indemnify him or her against expenses (including attorneys’ fees) actually and reasonably incurred in connection with such action.

If unsuccessful in defense of a third-party civil suit or a criminal suit, or if such a suit is settled, an Indemnitee may be indemnified under Delaware law against both (i) expenses, including attorneys’ fees, and

 

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(ii) judgments, fines, and amounts paid in settlement if he or she acted in good faith and in a manner he or she reasonably believed to be in, or not opposed to, the best interests of the registrant, and, with respect to any criminal action, had no reasonable cause to believe his or her conduct was unlawful.

If unsuccessful in defense of a suit brought by or in the right of the registrant, where the suit is settled, an Indemnitee may be indemnified under Delaware law only against expenses (including attorneys’ fees) actually and reasonably incurred in the defense or settlement of the suit if he or she acted in good faith and in a manner he or she reasonably believed to be in, or not opposed to, the best interests of the registrant except that if the Indemnitee is adjudged to be liable for negligence or misconduct in the performance of his or her duty to the registrant, he or she cannot be made whole even for expenses unless a court determines that he or she is fully and reasonably entitled to indemnification for such expenses.

Also under Delaware law, expenses incurred by an officer or director in defending a civil or criminal action, suit, or proceeding may be paid by the registrant in advance of the final disposition of the suit, action, or proceeding upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of the officer or director to repay such amount if it is ultimately determined that he or she is not entitled to be indemnified by the registrant. The registrant may also advance expenses incurred by other employees and agents of the registrant upon such terms and conditions, if any, that the board of directors of the registrant deems appropriate.

 

Item 16.

Exhibits.

 

Exhibit Number		Description
1.1		Underwriting Agreement, dated May 8, 2008, by and among the Registrant, J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. and UBS Securities LLC(1)
1.2		Form of Underwriting Agreement*
2.1		English translation of Equity Interest Transfer Agreement, dated March 13, 2013, by and between Shengyi Technology Co., Ltd. and the Registrant(2)
2.2		English translation of Equity Interest Transfer Agreement, dated March 13, 2013, by and between Shengyi Technology Co., Ltd. and the Registrant(2)**
3.1		Certificate of Incorporation, as amended(3)
3.2		Fourth Amended and Restated Bylaws(4)
4.1		Indenture, dated as of May 14, 2008, between the Registrant and American Stock Transfer and Trust Company(1)
4.2		Supplemental Indenture, dated as of May 14, 2008, between the Registrant and American Stock Transfer and Trust Company(1)
4.3		Form of Registrant’s common stock certificate(3)
4.4		Sell-Down Registration Rights Agreement, dated December 23, 2009, by and among Meadville Holdings Limited, MTG Investment (BVI) Limited, and TTM Technologies, Inc.(5)
4.5		Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of April 9, 2010, by and among Tang Hsiang Chien, Su Sih (BVI) Limited, and the Registrant(6)
4.6		Shareholders Agreement, dated as of April 9, 2010, by and among Meadville Holdings Limited; Su Sih (BVI) Limited; Tang Hsiang Chien; Tang Chung Yen, Tom; Tang Ying Ming, Mai; and the Registrant(6)

 

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Exhibit Number		Description
4.7		First Amendment to Shareholders Agreement, dated September 14, 2012, by and among Tang Hsiang Chien; Su Sih (BVI) Limited; Tang Chung Yen, Tom; Tang Ying Ming, Mai; and the Registrant(7)
4.8		Specimen Certificate of Preferred Stock*
4.9		Form of Warrant Agreement and Certificate*
4.10		Form of Debt Security*
4.11		Form of Indenture
4.12		Form of Unit Agreement and Unit Certificate*
5.1		Opinion of Greenberg Traurig, LLP
12.1		Statement of Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges
23.1		Consent of Greenberg Traurig, LLP (contained in Exhibit 5.1)
23.2		Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
23.3		Consent of KPMG LLP
24.1		Power of Attorney of Directors and Executive Officers (included on the signature page of the Registration Statement)
25.1		Statement of Eligibility on Form T-1 under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 of the Trustee under the Indenture

 

*	To be filed by amendment to this registration statement or by a report filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and incorporated herein by reference.

**	The appendices to this exhibit have been omitted in reliance on Item 601(b)(2) of Regulation S-K and will be furnished supplementally to the SEC upon request.

(1)	Incorporated by reference to the registrant’s Form 8-K as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the Commission) on May 14, 2008.

(2)	Incorporated by reference to the registrant’s Form 10-Q as filed with the Commission on May 7, 2013.

(3)	Incorporated by reference to the registrant’s Form 8-K as filed with the Commission on June 6, 2011.

(4)	Incorporated by reference to the registrant’s Form 8-K as filed with the Commission on March 2, 2011.

(5)	Incorporated by reference to the registrant’s Form 8-K as filed with the Commission on December 23, 2009.

(6)	Incorporated by reference to the registrant’s Form 8-K as filed with the Commission on April 13, 2010.

(7)	Incorporated by reference to the registrant’s Form 8-K as filed with the Commission on September 19, 2012.

 

Item 17.

Undertakings.

(a) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes:

(1) To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement:

(i) to include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933;

(ii) to reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the

 

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foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than 20% change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the “Calculation of Registration Fee” table in the effective registration statement.

(iii) to include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement;

provided, however, that paragraphs (a)(1)(i), (a)(1)(ii), and (a)(1)(iii) of this section do not apply if the information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by those paragraphs is contained in reports filed with or furnished to the Commission by the registrant pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that are incorporated by reference into the registration statement or is contained in a form of prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) that is part of the registration statement.

(2) That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

(3) To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering.

(4) That, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser:

(i) If the registrant is relying on Rule 430B:

(A) Each prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3) shall be deemed to be part of the registration statement as of the date the filed prospectus was deemed part of and included in the registration statement; and

(B) Each prospectus required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2), (b)(5), or (b)(7) as part of this registration statement or in reliance on Rule 430B relating to an offering made pursuant to Rule 415(a)(1)(i), (vii), or (x) for the purpose of providing the information required by Section 10(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the earlier date such form of prospectus is first used after effectiveness or the date of the first contract of sale of securities in the offering described in the prospectus. As provided in Rule 430B, for liability purposes of the issuer and any person that is at that date an underwriter, such date shall be deemed to be a new effective date of the registration statement relating to the securities in the registration statement to which that prospectus relates, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such effective date, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such effective date.

(5) That, for the purpose of determining liability of the registrant under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser in the initial distribution of securities, the undersigned registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser:

(i) Any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424;

 

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(ii) Any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned registrant;

(iii) The portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant; and

(iv) Any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned registrant to the purchaser.

(b) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each filing of the registrant’s annual report pursuant to Section 13(a) or Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (and, where applicable, each filing of an employee benefit plan’s annual report pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) that is incorporated by reference in the registration statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

(c) Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

(d) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that:

(1) For purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a form of prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(1) or (4) or 497(h) under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this registration statement as of the time it was declared effective.

(2) For the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

(e) The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes to file an application for the purpose of determining the eligibility of the trustee to act under subsection (a) of Section 310 of the Trust Indenture Act (“Act”) in accordance with the rules and regulations prescribed by the Commission under section 305(b)(2) of the Act.

 

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-3 and has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the city of Costa Mesa, California, on the 30th day of October, 2013.

 

POWER OF ATTORNEY

KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints jointly and severally, Kenton A. Alder and Todd B. Schull and each one of them, as his or her true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him or her and in his or her name, place, and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments (including pre-effective and post-effective amendments) to this registration statement, and to sign any registration statement and amendments thereto for the same offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act of 1933, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in connection therewith, as fully to all intents and purposes as he or she might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all which said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or any of them, or their or his or her substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do, or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this registration statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated:

 

Signature		Title		Date
/s/ Kenton A. Alder Kenton A. Alder		Chief Executive Officer and Director (Principal Executive Officer)		October 30, 2013
/s/ Thomas T. Edman Thomas T. Edman		President and Director		October 30, 2013
/s/ Todd B. Schull Todd B. Schull		Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)		October 30, 2013
/s/ Robert E. Klatell Robert E. Klatell		Chairman of the Board		October 30, 2013
/s/ James K. Bass James K. Bass		Director		October 30, 2013
/s/ Phillip G. Franklin Phillip G. Franklin		Director		October 30, 2013

 

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Signature		Title		Date
/s/ Jacques S. Gansler Jacques S. Gansler		Director		October 30, 2013
/s/ Ronald W. Iverson Ronald W. Iverson		Director		October 30, 2013
/s/ John G. Mayer John G. Mayer		Director		October 30, 2013
/s/ Tom Chung Yen Tang Tom Chung Yen Tang		Director		October 30, 2013
/s/ Dov S. Zakheim Dov S. Zakheim		Director		October 30, 2013

 

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EXHIBIT INDEX

 

Number		Exhibit
1.1		Underwriting Agreement, dated May 8, 2008, by and among the Registrant, J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. and UBS Securities LLC(1)
1.2		Form of Underwriting Agreement*
2.1		English translation of Equity Interest Transfer Agreement, dated March 13, 2013, by and between Shengyi Technology Co., Ltd. and the Registrant(2)
2.2		English translation of Equity Interest Transfer Agreement, dated March 13, 2013, by and between Shengyi Technology Co., Ltd. and the Registrant(2)**
3.1		Certificate of Incorporation, as amended(3)
3.2		Fourth Amended and Restated Bylaws(4)
4.1		Indenture, dated as of May 14, 2008, between the Registrant and American Stock Transfer and Trust Company(1)
4.2		Supplemental Indenture, dated as of May 14, 2008, between the Registrant and American Stock Transfer and Trust Company(1)
4.3		Form of Registrant’s common stock certificate(3)
4.4		Sell-Down Registration Rights Agreement, dated December 23, 2009, by and among Meadville Holdings Limited, MTG Investment (BVI) Limited, and TTM Technologies, Inc.(5)
4.5		Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of April 9, 2010, by and among Tang Hsiang Chien, Su Sih (BVI) Limited, and the Registrant(6)
4.6		Shareholders Agreement, dated as of April 9, 2010, by and among Meadville Holdings Limited; Su Sih (BVI) Limited; Tang Hsiang Chien; Tang Chung Yen, Tom; Tang Ying Ming, Mai; and the Registrant(6)
4.7		First Amendment to Shareholders Agreement, dated September 14, 2012, by and among Tang Hsiang Chien; Su Sih (BVI) Limited; Tang Chung Yen, Tom; Tang Ying Ming, Mai; and the Registrant(7)
4.8		Specimen Certificate of Preferred Stock*
4.9		Form of Warrant Agreement and Certificate*
4.10		Form of Debt Security*
4.11		Form of Indenture
4.12		Form of Unit Agreement and Unit Certificate*
5.1		Opinion of Greenberg Traurig, LLP
12.1		Statement of Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges
23.1		Consent of Greenberg Traurig, LLP (contained in Exhibit 5.1)
23.2		Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
23.3		Consent of KPMG LLP
24.1		Power of Attorney of Directors and Executive Officers (included on the signature page of the Registration Statement)
25.1		Statement of Eligibility on Form T-1 under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 of the Trustee under the Indenture

 

*	To be filed by amendment to this registration statement or by a report filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and incorporated herein by reference.

**	The appendices to this exhibit have been omitted in reliance on Item 601(b)(2) of Regulation S-K and will be furnished supplementally to the SEC upon request.

(1)	Incorporated by reference to the registrant’s Form 8-K as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the Commission) on May 14, 2008.

(2)	Incorporated by reference to the registrant’s Form 10-Q as filed with the Commission on May 7, 2013.

(3)	Incorporated by reference to the registrant’s Form 8-K as filed with the Commission on June 6, 2011.

(4)	Incorporated by reference to the registrant’s Form 8-K as filed with the Commission on March 2, 2011.

(5)	Incorporated by reference to the registrant’s Form 8-K as filed with the Commission on December 23, 2009.

(6)	Incorporated by reference to the registrant’s Form 8-K as filed with the Commission on April 13, 2010.

(7)	Incorporated by reference to the registrant’s Form 8-K as filed with the Commission on September 19, 2012.