________________________________________________________________________________
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
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FORM 10-K
[x] ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2001
OR
[ ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM _________ TO _________
COMMISSION FILE NUMBER: 1-12091
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MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
(EXACT NAME OF REGISTRANT AS SPECIFIED IN ITS CHARTER)
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DELAWARE 22-3436215
(STATE OR OTHER JURISDICTION OF (I.R.S. EMPLOYER IDENTIFICATION NO.)
INCORPORATION OR ORGANIZATION)
230 HALF MILE ROAD 07701
RED BANK, NJ (ZIP CODE)
(ADDRESS OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICES)
REGISTRANT'S TELEPHONE NUMBER, INCLUDING AREA CODE: 732-933-5000
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SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OF THE ACT:
NAME OF EACH EXCHANGE
TITLE OF EACH CLASS ON WHICH REGISTERED
------------------- -------------------
Common Stock, par value New York Stock Exchange
$0.01 per share
SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(g) OF THE ACT:
None
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports
required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the
Registrant is required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such
filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes [x] No [ ].
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to
Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained,
to the best of Registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information
statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any
amendment to this Form 10-K. [x]
The aggregate market value of voting stock held by non-affiliates as of
March 22, 2002 (based upon the closing price of $14.85 per common share as
quoted on the New York Stock Exchange), is approximately $900 million. For
purposes of this computation, the shares of voting stock held by directors,
officers and employee benefit plans of the registrant and its wholly owned
subsidiaries were deemed to be stock held by affiliates. The number of shares of
common stock outstanding at March 22, 2002, was 62,900,173 shares, excluding
14,996,413 shares held by the registrant, its subsidiaries and certain Company
trusts, which are not entitled to be voted.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the Registrant's definitive Proxy Statement relating to the 2002
Annual Meeting of Shareholders, to be filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission, are incorporated by reference in Part III of this Annual Report on
Form 10-K as indicated herein.
________________________________________________________________________________
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ITEM PAGE
---- ----
PART I
1. Business.................................................... 4
2. Properties.................................................. 23
3. Legal Proceedings........................................... 24
4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders......... 25
PART II
5. Market for the Registrant's Common Equity and Related
Shareholder Matters....................................... 26
6. Selected Financial Data..................................... 26
7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations................................. 28
7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market
Risk...................................................... 44
8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data................. 45
9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting
and Financial Disclosure.................................. 73
PART III
10. Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant.......... 74
11. Executive Compensation...................................... 74
12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and
Management................................................ 74
13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions.............. 74
PART IV
14. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedule and Reports on Form
8K........................................................ 75
DISCLOSURE CONCERNING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
The statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K (the 'Annual Report') that
are not historical facts are, or may be deemed to be, 'forward-looking
statements' ('Cautionary Statements') as defined in the Private Securities
Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Some of these statements can be identified by the
use of forward-looking terminology such as 'prospects,' 'outlook,' 'believes,'
'estimates,' 'intends,' 'may,' 'will,' 'should,' 'anticipates,' 'expects' or
'plans,' or the negative or other variation of these or similar words, or by
discussion of trends and conditions, strategy or risks and uncertainties. In
addition, from time to time, Millennium Chemicals Inc. (the 'Company') or its
representatives have made or may make forward-looking statements in other
filings that the Company makes with the Securities and Exchange Commission, in
press releases or in oral statements made by or with the approval of one of its
authorized executive officers.
These forward-looking statements are only present expectations. Actual
events or results may differ materially. Factors that could cause such a
difference include:
the cyclicality and volatility of the segments of the chemical industry in
which the Company and Equistar Chemicals, LP ('Equistar') operate,
particularly fluctuations in the demand for ethylene, its derivatives and
acetyls and the sensitivity of these industry segments to capacity
additions;
general economic conditions in the geographic regions where the Company and
Equistar generate sales, and the impact of government regulation and other
external factors;
the ability of Equistar to distribute cash to its partners and
uncertainties arising from the shared control of Equistar and the Company's
future capital commitments to Equistar;
changes in the cost of energy and raw materials;
the ability of raw material suppliers to fulfill their commitments;
the ability of the Company and Equistar to achieve their productivity
improvement, cost reduction and working capital targets;
2
the occurrence of operating problems at manufacturing facilities of the
Company or Equistar; fluctuations in currency exchange rates and other
risks of doing business abroad; the cost of compliance with the extensive
environmental regulations affecting the chemical industry and exposure to
liabilities for environmental remediation and other environmental matters;
pricing and other competitive pressures; and
exposure to legal proceedings relating to present and former operations
(including proceedings based on exposure to lead pigments, asbestos and
other materials) and other claims.
A further description of these risks, uncertainties and other matters can be
found in Exhibit 99.1 to this Annual Report.
Some of these Cautionary Statements are discussed in more detail under
'Business' and in 'Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations' in this Annual Report. Readers are cautioned not to
place undue reliance on forward-looking or Cautionary Statements, which reflect
management's opinions only as of the date hereof. The Company undertakes no
obligation to update any forward-looking or Cautionary Statement. All subsequent
written and oral forward-looking statements attributable to the Company or
persons acting on behalf of the Company are expressly qualified in their
entirety by the Cautionary Statements in this Annual Report. Readers are advised
to consult any further disclosures the Company may make on related subjects in
subsequent 10-Q, 8-K, and 10-K reports to the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
3
PART I
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
The Company is a major international chemical company, with leading market
positions in a broad range of commodity, industrial, performance and specialty
chemicals.
The Company has three business segments: Titanium Dioxide and Related
Products; Acetyls; and Specialty Chemicals. The Company also owns a 29.5%
interest in Equistar, a joint venture owned by the Company, Lyondell Chemical
Company ('Lyondell') and Occidental Petroleum Corporation ('Occidental'). The
Company accounts for its interest in Equistar as an equity investment.
The Company has leading market positions in the United States and the world:
Through its Titanium Dioxide and Related Products business segment, the
Company is the second-largest producer of titanium dioxide ('TiO[u]2') in
the world, with manufacturing facilities in the United States, the United
Kingdom, France, Brazil and Australia. The Company is also the largest
merchant seller of titanium tetrachloride ('TiCl[u]4') in North America and
Europe and a major producer of zirconia, silica gel and cadmium-based
pigments;
Through its Acetyls business segment, the Company is the second-largest
producer of vinyl acetate monomer ('VAM') and acetic acid in North America;
Through its Specialty Chemicals business segment, the Company is a leading
producer of terpene-based fragrance and flavor chemicals;
Through its 29.5% interest in Equistar, the Company is a partner in the
second-largest producer of ethylene and the third-largest producer of
polyethylene in North America, and a leading producer of performance
polymers, oxygenated chemicals, aromatics and specialty petrochemicals.
The Company's business segments are strategically managed through its
Operational Excellence organization ('Operational Excellence') and its Growth
and Development organization. The Operational Excellence organization is managed
to focus on steady cash flow and disciplined growth, and consists of the
Company's high-volume TiO[u]2 operations in its Titanium Dioxide and Related
Products business segment, the Company's Acetyls business segment, and the
Company's interest in Equistar. The Growth and Development organization is
focused on identifying, developing and managing businesses believed by the
Company's management to have growth potential and operating margins exceeding
chemical industry averages. The Growth and Development organization includes the
Company's Specialty Chemicals business segment and the specialty and performance
chemicals (Related Products) of the Company's Titanium Dioxide and Related
Products business segment. The Company operates its businesses through its
wholly owned operating subsidiaries, including Millennium Inorganic Chemicals
Inc. (collectively, with its non-United States affiliates, 'Millennium Inorganic
Chemicals'), Millennium Petrochemicals Inc. ('Millennium Petrochemicals'), and
Millennium Specialty Chemicals Inc. ('Millennium Specialty Chemicals').
The Company also owns an 85% interest in La Porte Methanol Company, L.P.
(the 'La Porte Methanol Company'), a Delaware limited partnership that is
included in the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements, which owns a
methanol plant located in La Porte, Texas, and certain related facilities that
were contributed to the partnership by Millennium Petrochemicals. These
operations were wholly owned by Millennium Petrochemicals until they were
contributed to the partnership on January 18, 1999.
The Company was incorporated in Delaware on April 18, 1996. The Company's
principal executive offices are located at 230 Half Mile Road, Red Bank, NJ
07701. Its telephone number is (732) 933-5000 and its fax number is (732)
933-5240. Its website is http://www.millenniumchem.com.
In this Annual Report: (i) references to the Company are to the Company and
its consolidated subsidiaries, except as the context otherwise requires;
(ii) references to 'tpa' are to metric tons per annum (a metric ton is equal to
1,000 kilograms or 2,204.6 pounds); and, (iii) references to the Company's and
Equistar's annual rated, processing or production capacity are based upon
engineering
4
assessments made by the Company and Equistar, respectively. Actual production
may vary depending on a number of factors including feedstocks, product mix,
unscheduled maintenance and demand.
BUSINESS SEGMENTS
The Company's principal operations are grouped into three business segments:
Titanium Dioxide and Related Products, Acetyls and Specialty Chemicals. See
Note 14 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Annual Report.
The Company also holds a 29.5% interest in Equistar that is accounted for under
the equity method. See Notes 1 and 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements
included in this Annual Report.
PRINCIPAL PRODUCTS
The following is a description of the principal products of the Company's
business segments:
PRODUCT USES
------- ----
Titanium Dioxide and Related Products:
Titanium dioxide ('TiO[u]2')............. A white pigment used to provide whiteness, brightness
and opacity in paint and coatings, plastics, paper
and elastomers.
Titanium tetrachloride ('TiCl[u]4')...... The intermediate product used in making TiO[u]2. TiCl[u]4
is also used for: the manufacture of titanium metal,
which is used to make a wide variety of products
including eyeglass frames, aerospace parts and golf
clubs; the manufacture of catalysts and specialty
pigments; and, as a surface treatment for glass.
Zirconium-based compounds and
chemicals.............................. Chemicals used in coloring for ceramics, in pigment
surface treatment, solid oxide fuel cells and to
enhance optics.
Ultra-fine TiO[u]2....................... Nanoparticle and ultra-fine products used in optical,
electronic, catalyst and ultra-violet absorption
applications.
Silica gel............................... Inorganic product used to reduce gloss and control
flow in coatings. Also used to stabilize and extend
the shelf life of beer, plastic films, powdered food
products and pharmaceuticals.
Cadmium-based pigments................... Inorganic colors used in engineered plastics,
artists' colors, ceramics, inks, automotive refinish
coatings, coil and extrusion coatings, aerospace
coatings and specialty industrial finishes.
Acetyls:
Vinyl acetate monomer ('VAM')............ A petrochemical product used to produce adhesives,
water-based paint, textile coatings, paper coatings
and a variety of polymer products.
Acetic acid.............................. A feedstock used to produce VAM, terephthalic acid
(used to produce polyester for textiles and plastic
bottles), industrial solvents, and a variety of other
chemicals.
Methanol................................. A feedstock used to produce acetic acid; methyl
tertiary butyl ether ('MTBE'), a gasoline additive;
formaldehyde; and, several other products. The
Company is a producer of methanol through its 85%
interest in La Porte Methanol Company.
(table continued on next page)
5
(table continued from previous page)
PRODUCT USES
------- ----
Specialty Chemicals:
Terpene fragrance chemicals.............. Individual components that are blended to make
fragrances used in detergents, soaps, perfumes,
personal-care items and household goods.
Terpene flavor chemicals................. Individual components that are blended to impart or
enhance flavors used in toothpaste, chewing gum and
other consumer products.
For a description of Equistar's principal products, see 'Equity Interest in
Equistar,' below.
TITANIUM DIOXIDE AND RELATED PRODUCTS
TITANIUM DIOXIDE
The Company is the second-largest producer of TiO[u]2 in the world, based on
reported production capacities. TiO[u]2 is a white pigment used for imparting
whiteness, brightness and opacity in a wide range of products, including paint
and coatings, plastics, paper and elastomers.
In the third quarter of 2001, the Company idled its high-cost 44,000 tpa
sulfate-process plant in Hawkins Point, Maryland for an indefinite period. The
idled plant primarily served the United States fine paper industry. Customers
are now being provided product from the Company's other TiO[u]2 plants.
Additionally, as a result of minor debottlenecking and demonstrated operating
results, the chloride-process TiO[u]2 plants in Kemerton, Australia and
Ashtabula, Ohio have been re-rated, increasing capacity by 10,000 and 12,000
tpa, respectively.
The following table sets forth the Company's annual production capacity
(excluding the idled Hawkins Point, Maryland sulfate-process plant and including
the re-rated Kemerton, Australia and Ashtabula, Ohio chloride plants) as of the
date of this report, using the chloride process and the sulfate process
discussed below, and the approximate percentage of its total production capacity
represented by each such process.
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS' TIO[u]2 RATED CAPACITY
(METRIC TONS PER ANNUM)
PROCESS CAPACITY
------- --------
Chloride............................................. 505,000 73%
Sulfate.............................................. 185,000 27%
------- ---
Total........................................ 690,000 100%
TiO[u]2 is produced in two crystalline forms: rutile and anatase. Rutile
TiO[u]2 is a more tightly packed crystal that has a higher refractive index than
anatase TiO[u]2 and, therefore, better opacification and tinting strength in
many applications. Some rutile TiO[u]2 products also provide better resistance
to the harmful effects of weather. Rutile TiO[u]2 is the preferred form for use
in paint and coatings, ink and plastics. Anatase TiO[u]2 has a bluer undertone
and is less abrasive than rutile. It is often preferred for use in paper,
ceramics, rubber and man-made fibers.
TiO[u]2 producers process titaniferous ores to extract a white pigment using
one of two different technologies. The sulfate process is a wet chemical process
that uses concentrated sulfuric acid to extract TiO[u]2, in either anatase or
rutile form. The sulfate process generates higher volumes of waste materials,
including iron sulfate and spent sulfuric acid. The newer chloride process is a
high-temperature process in which chlorine is used to extract TiO[u]2 in rutile
form, with greater purity and higher control over the size distribution of the
pigment particles than the sulfate process permits. In general, the chloride
process is also less intensive than the sulfate process in terms of capital
investment, labor and energy. Because much of the chlorine can be recycled, the
chloride process produces less waste subject to environmental regulation. Once
an intermediate TiO[u]2 pigment has been produced by
6
either the chloride or sulfate process, it is 'finished' into a product with
specific performance characteristics for particular end-use applications through
proprietary processes involving surface treatment with various chemicals and
combinations of milling and micronizing.
The Company's TiO[u]2 plants are located in the four major world markets for
TiO[u]2: North America, South America, Western Europe and the Asia/Pacific
region. The North American plants, consisting of one in Baltimore, Maryland, and
two in Ashtabula, Ohio, have aggregate production capacities of 260,000 tpa
using the chloride process. The plant in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, has a capacity
to produce approximately 60,000 tpa using the sulfate process. The Company also
owns a mineral sands mine located at Mataraca, Paraiba, Brazil, which supplies
the Brazilian plant with titanium ores. The mine has over two million metric
tons of recoverable reserves and a capacity to produce over 100,000 tpa of
titanium ores, which are generally consumed in the Salvador TiO[u]2 plant, and
16,000 tpa of zircon, which are sold to third parties. The Company's
Stallingborough, United Kingdom, plant has chloride-process production capacity
of 150,000 tpa. The plants in France at Le Havre, Normandy, and Thann, Alsace,
have sulfate-process capacities of 95,000 tpa and 30,000 tpa, respectively. The
Kemerton plant in Western Australia has chloride-process production capacity of
95,000 tpa.
The Company's TiO[u]2 plants operated at an average rate of 83% of installed
capacity during 2001, 93% of installed capacity during 2000 and 88% of installed
capacity during 1999. The decline in the operating rate in 2001 compared to 2000
was primarily due to planned curtailment of production at certain facilities in
response to reduced market demand.
Titanium-bearing ores used in the TiO[u]2 extraction process (ilmenite,
natural rutile and leucoxene) occur as mineral sands and hard rock in many parts
of the world. Mining companies increasingly treat ilmenite to extract iron and
other minerals and produce slag or synthetic rutile with higher TiO[u]2
concentrations, resulting in lower amounts of wastes and by-products during the
TiO[u]2 production process. Ores are shipped by bulk carriers from terminals in
the country of origin to TiO[u]2 production plants, usually located near port
facilities. The Company obtains ores from a number of suppliers in South Africa,
Australia, Canada, Brazil, Ukraine and Norway, generally pursuant to one- to
three-year supply contracts expiring in 2002 through 2005. Rio Tinto Iron &
Titanium Inc. (through its affiliates Richards Bay Iron & Titanium (Proprietary)
Limited and QIT-Fer et Titane Inc.) and Iluka Resources Limited are the world's
largest producers of titanium ores and upgraded titaniferous raw materials and
accounted for approximately 82% of the titanium ores and upgraded titaniferous
raw materials purchased by the Company in 2001.
Other major raw materials and utilities used in the production of TiO[u]2
are chlorine, caustic soda, petroleum and metallurgical coke, aluminum, sodium
silicate, sulfuric acid, oxygen, nitrogen, natural gas and electricity. The
number of sources for and availability of these materials is specific to the
particular geographic region in which the facility is located. For the Company's
Australian plant, chlorine and caustic soda are obtained exclusively from one
supplier under a long-term supply agreement. There are certain risks related to
the acquisition of raw materials from less-developed or developing countries.
At the present time, chloride- and sulfate-process feedstock is sufficiently
available due to reduced demand and additional new capacity. A number of the
Company's raw materials are provided by only a few vendors and, accordingly, if
one significant supplier or a number of significant suppliers were unable to
meet their obligations under present supply arrangements, the Company could
suffer reduced supplies and/or be forced to incur increased prices for its raw
materials. Such an event could have a material adverse effect on the
consolidated financial condition, results of operations or cash flows of the
Company.
Of the total 586,000 metric tons of TiO[u]2 sold by the Company in 2001,
approximately 60% was sold to customers in the paint and coatings industry,
approximately 20% to customers in the plastics industry, approximately 16% to
customers in the paper industry, and approximately 4% to other customers. The
Company's ten largest customers accounted for approximately 40% of its TiO[u]2
sales in 2001. The Company experiences some seasonality in its sales because its
customers' sales of paint and coatings are greatest in the spring and summer
months.
TiO[u]2 is sold either directly by the Company to its customers or, to a
lesser extent, through agents or distributors. TiO[u]2 is distributed by rail,
truck and ocean carrier in either dry or slurry form.
7
The global markets in which the Company's Titanium Dioxide and Related
Products business segment operates are all highly competitive. The Company
competes primarily on the basis of price, product quality and service. Certain
of the Company's competitors are partially vertically integrated, producing
titanium-bearing ores as well as TiO[u]2. The Company is vertically integrated
at its Brazilian facility, which owns a titanium ore mine that supplies the
facility. The Company's major competitors are E. I. DuPont deNemours and Company
('DuPont'); Kerr-McGee Chemical Corporation (both directly and through various
joint ventures) ('Kerr-McGee Chemicals'), a unit of Kerr-McGee Corporation;
Huntsman Tioxide ('Huntsman'), a business segment of Huntsman International LLC;
and, Kronos, Inc. ('Kronos'), a unit of NL Industries Inc. Collectively, DuPont,
the Company, Huntsman, Kronos, and Kerr-McGee Chemicals account for
approximately three-quarters of the world's production capacity.
In certain applications, TiO[u]2 competes with other whitening agents that
are generally less effective but less expensive. For example, paper
manufacturers have, in recent years, developed alternative technologies that
reduce the amount of TiO[u]2 used in paper by using kaolin and precipitated
calcium carbonate as fillers in medium- and lower-priced products.
New plant capacity additions in the TiO[u]2 industry are slow to develop
because of the substantial capital expenditure required and the significant lead
time (three to five years typically for a new plant) needed for planning,
obtaining environmental approvals and permits, construction of manufacturing
facilities and arranging for raw material supplies. Debottlenecking and other
capacity expansions at existing plants require substantially less time and
capital and can increase overall industry capacity. As of the date of this
report, no major new plant capacity additions or expansions have been announced
in the TiO[u]2 industry.
RELATED PRODUCTS
The Company produces a number of specialty and performance TiO[u]2-related
products, some of which are manufactured at dedicated plants and others of which
are manufactured at plants that also produce other TiO[u]2 products.
Titanium Tetrachloride: The Company is the largest merchant seller of
TiCl[u]4 in North America and Europe. It produces TiCl[u]4 for merchant sales at
its Ashtabula, Ohio, and Thann, Alsace, France, plants. TiCl[u]4 is distributed
by rail and truck as anhydrous TiCl[u]4 and as an aqueous solution, titanium
oxychloride. These products are sold into a wide variety of markets, including
the titanium metal, catalyst, pearlescent pigment and surface treatment markets.
The principal competitors in the TiCl[u]4 market are Toho Titanium Co. and
Kronos.
Ultra-fine TiO[u]2 Products: Ultra-fine TiO[u]2 products are produced at the
Thann facility in Alsace, France. These non-pigmentary products of less than 150
nanometers in size are produced and sold for their physico-chemical
characteristics in various applications. The Company is a major supplier of
ultra-fine TiO[u]2 used to remove nitrogen oxides from power plant emissions.
The principal competitors in the ultra-fine TiO[u]2 products market are Ishihara
Sangyo Kaisha, Ltd.; Kerr-McGee Chemicals; and, Tayca Corporation.
Zirconium-based Compounds and Chemicals: A wide range of zirconium products
are produced at the Rockingham, Western Australia and Thann, Alsace, France
plants. These products are sold globally into the electronics, catalyst, glass,
solid oxide fuel cells, and colored pigments markets. In addition, zirconium
dioxide is sold internally to the Company's TiO[u]2 operations and to other
TiO[u]2 producers to enhance the durability and treat the surfaces of various
TiO[u]2 products. The principal competitors in this market are Daiichi Kigenso
Kagakukgyo Co., Ltd. and MEL Chemicals, a subsidiary of Luxfer Holdings, PLC.
Silica Gel: The Company produces several grades of fine-particle silica gel
at the St. Helena plant in Baltimore, Maryland, and markets them
internationally. Fine-particle silica gel is a chemically and biologically inert
form of silica with a particle size ranging from three to ten microns. The
Company's SiLCRON'r' brand of fine-particle silica is used in coatings as a
flatting or matting (gloss reduction) agent and to provide mar-resistance.
SiLCRON'r' is also used in food and pharmaceutical applications. SiL-PROOF'r'
grades of fine-particle silica gel are chill-proofing agents used to stabilize
chilled beer and
8
prevent clouding. Fine-particle silica is distributed in dry form in palletized
bags by truck and ocean carrier.
Cadmium-based Pigments: The Company manufactures a line of cadmium-based
colored pigments at the St. Helena, Maryland, plant, and markets them
internationally. In addition to their brilliance, cadmium colors are light and
heat stable. These properties promote their use in such applications as artists'
colors, plastics and glass colors. Due to concern for the toxicity of heavy
metals, including cadmium, the Company has introduced low-leaching cadmium-based
pigments that meet all United States government requirements for landfill
disposal of non-hazardous waste. Colored pigments are distributed in dry form in
drums by truck and ocean carrier.
ACETYLS
The following table sets forth information concerning the annual production
capacity, as of the date of this report, of the Company's principal Acetyls
products:
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS' ACETYLS RATED CAPACITY
(MILLIONS OF POUNDS PER ANNUM)
PRODUCT CAPACITY
------- --------
Vinyl Acetate Monomer................................. 850
Acetic Acid........................................... 1,000
In addition, the Company owns an 85% interest in La Porte Methanol Company,
which owns a methanol plant with an annual production capacity of 207 million
gallons per annum. For a description of the plant and La Porte Methanol Company,
see 'La Porte Methanol Company,' below.
VINYL ACETATE MONOMER
The Company is the second-largest producer of VAM in North America, and the
third-largest producer worldwide, based on reported production capacities. Its
VAM plant is located downstream from the Company's acetic acid plant at La
Porte, Texas, and has an annual production capacity of 850 million pounds as of
December 31, 2001. The process used by the Company to produce VAM is
proprietary.
The principal feedstocks for the production of VAM are acetic acid and
ethylene. The Company supplies its entire requirements for acetic acid from its
internal production and buys all of its ethylene requirements from Equistar
under a long-term supply contract based on market prices.
On May 26, 2000, the Company executed a long-term agreement with DuPont to
toll acetic acid produced at the Company's La Porte, Texas, plant through
DuPont's nearby VAM plant, thereby acquiring all the VAM production at DuPont's
plant not utilized internally by DuPont. The term of the contract is from
January 1, 2001 through December 31, 2006 and thereafter from year-to-year. The
tolling arrangement provided one-third of the VAM available for sale by the
Company in 2001.
The Company sells VAM under contracts that range in term from one to seven
years, as well as on a spot basis into domestic and export markets. The majority
of sales are completed under contract. The pricing for domestic contracts is
generally determined by formula or index-based pricing in accordance with
movements in the costs of raw materials. The Company also sells VAM to Equistar
pursuant to a long-term contract at a formula-based price. The Company ships
this product by barge, ocean-going vessel, pipeline, tank car and tank truck.
The Company has bulk storage arrangements for VAM in the Netherlands, the United
Kingdom, Italy, Turkey, Indonesia, Malaysia and Korea, to better serve its
customers' requirements in those regions.
The Company's principal competitors in the VAM business are Celanese AG
('Celanese'), BP P.L.C. ('BP'), The Dow Chemical Company ('Dow'), Acetex Chemie
S.A., a subsidiary of Acetex Corporation ('Acetex') and Dairen Chemical
Corporation.
9
ACETIC ACID
The Company is the second-largest producer of acetic acid in North America,
and the third-largest producer worldwide, based on reported production
capacities. Its acetic acid plant is located at La Porte, Texas, and has an
annual production capacity as of December 31, 2001, of 1 billion pounds. In
2001, the Company used approximately 75% of its acetic acid production
internally to produce VAM. The Company utilizes proprietary technology to
produce acetic acid.
The principal starting feedstocks for the production of acetic acid are
carbon monoxide and methanol. The Company purchases its carbon monoxide from
Linde AG ('Linde') pursuant to a long-term contract based primarily on cost of
production. Linde produces this carbon monoxide at the Company's synthesis gas
('syngas') plant, which is leased by Linde from the Company pursuant to a
long-term lease that commenced on January 18, 1999. La Porte Methanol Company,
85% owned by the Company, supplies all of the Company's requirements for
methanol. (See 'La Porte Methanol Company,' below.)
Acetic acid not consumed internally by the Company is sold predominantly
under contract into domestic and export markets. These contracts range in term
from one to five years. Pricing for domestic sales under these contracts is
generally determined by formula or index-based pricing in accordance with
movements in the costs of raw materials. Acetic acid is shipped by ocean-going
vessel, barge, tank car and tank truck.
The Company's principal competitors in the acetic acid business are
Celanese; BP; Kyodo Sakusan, Acetex and Eastman Chemical Corp.
SPECIALTY CHEMICALS
The Company is one of the world's leading producers of terpene-based
fragrance ingredients and a major producer of flavor ingredients, primarily for
the oral care markets. In addition, the Company supplies products into a number
of other applications, including initiators to the rubber industry,
intermediates to the vitamin market, and solvents and cleaners like pine oil to
the hard surface cleaner markets.
The Company operates manufacturing facilities in Jacksonville, Florida, and
Brunswick, Georgia. The Jacksonville site has facilities for the fractionation
of crude sulfate turpentine ('CST'), the Company's key raw material for
producing fragrance ingredients, into alpha- and beta-pinene. The Company
continues to be the largest purchaser and distiller of CST in the world.
Sophisticated chemical processes are then used to produce a number of fragrance
ingredients. The Jacksonville facility also produces synthetic pine oil,
anethole, l-carvone and coolants. The Brunswick site produces linalool and
geraniol from the alpha-pinene component of CST, utilizing a proprietary and,
the Company believes, unique technology. The Company believes this technology
provides a significant advantage in raw material availability and quality. The
Company's technology also has significant environmental advantages. Linalool and
geraniol produced at the Brunswick site are generally further processed at the
Jacksonville site to produce fragrance ingredients including citral, citronellol
and dimethyloctanol. In addition, the Company operates the world's largest
dihydromyrcenol facility at Brunswick, with a rated annual capacity of over five
million pounds.
CST is a by-product of the kraft process of papermaking. The Company
purchases CST from approximately 50 pulp mills in North America. Additionally,
the Company purchases quantities of gum turpentine or its derivatives from Asia,
Europe and South America, as business conditions dictate.
The Company has experienced tightness in CST supply from time to time,
together with corresponding price increases. Generally, the Company seeks to
enter into long-term supply contracts with pulp mills in order to ensure a
stable supply of CST. The sale of CST generates relatively insignificant
revenues and profits for the pulp mills that serve as the Company's principal
suppliers. Accordingly, the Company attempts to work closely and cooperatively
with its suppliers and provides them with incentives to produce more CST. For
example, the Company provides technical services to its suppliers to ensure
turpentine recovery is maximized.
10
Fragrance ingredients are used primarily in the production of perfumes. The
major consumers of perfumes worldwide are soap and detergent manufacturers. The
Company sells directly worldwide to major soap, detergent and fabric conditioner
producers. It also sells a significant quantity of product to the major
fragrance compounders and, to a lesser extent, producers of cosmetics and
toiletries. Approximately 80% of the Company's specialty chemical sales are to
users of fragrance ingredients. Approximately 60% of the Company's 2001 terpene
fragrance ingredient sales were made outside the United States, to more than 40
different countries. Sales are made primarily through the Company's direct sales
force, while agents and distributors are used in outlying areas where volume
does not justify full-time sales coverage.
The markets in which the Company's terpene fragrance business competes are
highly competitive. The Company competes primarily on the basis of price,
quality, service and on its ability to produce its products to the technical and
qualitative requirements of its customers. The Company works closely with many
of its customers in developing products to satisfy their specific requirements.
The Company's supply agreements with customers are typically short-term in
duration (up to one year). Therefore, its Specialty Chemicals business segment
is substantially dependent on long-term customer relationships based upon
quality, innovation and customer service. Customers from time to time change the
formulations of an end product in which one of the Company's fragrance
ingredients is used, which may affect demand for such ingredients. The Company's
ten largest terpene chemical customers accounted for approximately 58% of its
total specialty chemicals sales in 2001. The Company's major specialty chemicals
competitors are BASF AG, Givaudan SA, Derives Resiniques Et Terpeniques (DRT),
Kuraray Co. LTD and International Flavors & Fragrances Inc.
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
The Company's expenditures for research and development totaled $20 million,
$26 million and $26 million in 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively. Research and
development expense decreased by approximately $6 million from 2000 to 2001 due
to the Company's efforts to reduce selling, development and administrative
('S,D&A') costs in the current economic environment. The Company conducts
research at facilities in Baltimore, Maryland; Stallingborough, United Kingdom;
Bunbury, Western Australia; and Jacksonville, Florida. The Company's research
efforts are principally focused on improvements in process technology, product
development, technical service to customers, applications research and product
quality enhancements.
INTERNATIONAL EXPOSURE
The Company generates revenue from export sales (i.e., sales outside the
United States by domestic operations), as well as revenue from the Company's
operations conducted outside the United States. Export sales, which are made to
approximately 90 countries, amounted to approximately 13%, 11% and 9% of total
revenues in 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively. Revenue from non-United States
operations amounted to approximately 41%, 40% and 42% of total revenues in 2001,
2000, and 1999 respectively, principally reflecting the operations of the
Company's Titanium Dioxide and Related Products business segment in Europe,
Australia and Brazil. Identifiable assets of the non-United States operations
represented 28% and 29% of total identifiable assets at December 31, 2001 and
2000, principally reflecting the assets of these operations. In addition, the
Company obtains a portion of its principal raw materials from sources outside
the United States. The Company obtains ores used in the production of TiO[u]2
from a number of suppliers in South Africa, Australia, Canada, Brazil, Ukraine
and Norway. The Company's Specialty Chemicals business segment obtains a portion
of its requirements of CST and gum turpentine and its derivatives from suppliers
in Indonesia, China and other Asian countries, Europe and South America.
The Company's export sales and its non-United States manufacturing and
sourcing are subject to the usual risks of doing business abroad, such as
fluctuations in currency exchange rates, transportation delays and
interruptions, political and economic instability and disruptions, restrictions
on the transfer of funds, the imposition of duties and tariffs, import and
export controls and changes in governmental policies. The Company's exposure to
the risks associated with doing business abroad will increase as the
11
Company expands its worldwide operations. From time to time, the Company
utilizes derivative financial instruments to hedge the impact of currency
fluctuations on its purchases and sales.
The functional currency of each of the Company's non-United States
operations is the local currency. As a result of translating the functional
currency financial statements of all its foreign subsidiaries into US dollars,
consolidated Shareholders' equity decreased approximately $13 million during
2001, $46 million during 2000, and $46 million during 1999. Future events, which
may significantly increase or decrease the risk of future movement in the
currencies in which the Company conducts business, including the Brazilian real
or the euro, cannot be predicted.
In addition, the Company generates revenue from export sales and revenue
from operations conducted outside the United States that may be denominated in
currencies other than the relevant functional currency. The Company hedges
certain revenues and costs to minimize the impact of changes in the exchange
rates of those currencies compared to the functional currencies. The Company
does not use derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative
purposes. Net foreign currency transaction losses aggregated $7 million in 2001,
$4 million in 2000 and $9 million in 1999.
EQUITY INTEREST IN EQUISTAR
Through its 29.5% interest in Equistar, the Company is a partner in one of
the largest chemical producers in the world with total 2001 revenues of $5.9
billion and assets of $6.3 billion at the end of 2001. Equistar is currently the
world's third-largest, and North America's second-largest, producer of ethylene.
Ethylene is the world's most widely used petrochemical. Equistar currently is
also the third-largest producer of polyethylene in North America, and a leading
producer of propylene, polypropylene, performance polymers, oxygenated products,
aromatics and specialty products.
Equistar commenced operations on December 1, 1997, when the Company
contributed substantially all of the assets comprising its former ethylene,
polyethylene, ethanol and related products business to Equistar and Lyondell
contributed substantially all the assets comprising its petrochemical and
polymer business segments to Equistar. On May 15, 1998, the Company and Lyondell
expanded Equistar with the addition of the ethylene, propylene, ethylene oxide,
ethylene glycol and other ethylene oxide derivatives businesses of Occidental's
chemicals subsidiary. On January 31, 2002, Lyondell and Occidental, the
Company's partners in Equistar, announced that they had agreed in principle on a
proposed transaction whereby Occidental would sell its 29.5% equity interest in
Equistar to Lyondell. If completed, this would bring Lyondell's ownership
interest in Equistar to 70.5%, with the Company holding the remaining 29.5%
interest. These transactions are subject to negotiation, completion and
execution of definitive documentation, compliance with the applicable provisions
of the Amended and Restated Limited Partnership Agreement of Equistar (the
'Equistar Partnership Agreement') and the Amended and Restated Parent Agreement
of Equistar (the 'Equistar Parent Agreement'), approval by the Boards of
Directors of Lyondell and Occidental, approval by Lyondell's stockholders and
other customary conditions. There can be no assurance that the proposed
transaction will be completed. See the description of the Equistar Partnership
Agreement and Equistar Parent Agreement in 'Equity Interest in
Equistar -- Management of Equistar; Agreements between Equistar, Lyondell,
Occidental and the Company'.
Equistar's petrochemicals business unit manufactures and markets olefins,
oxygenated products, aromatics and specialty products. Equistar's olefins
products are primarily ethylene, propylene and butadiene. Olefins and their
co-products are basic building blocks used to create a wide variety of products.
Ethylene is used to produce polyethylene, ethylene oxide, ethylene dichloride
and ethylbenzene. Propylene is used to produce polypropylene and propylene
oxide. Equistar's oxygenated products include ethylene oxide, ethylene glycol,
ethanol and MTBE. Oxygenated products have uses ranging from paint to cleaners
to polyester fibers to gasoline additives. Equistar's aromatics are benzene and
toluene.
Equistar's polymers business unit manufactures and markets polyolefins,
including high density polyethylene, low density polyethylene, linear low
density polyethylene, polypropylene and performance polymers. Polyethylene is
used to produce packaging film, grocery and trash bags, housewares, toys and
lightweight high-strength plastic bottles and containers for milk, juices,
shampoos and detergents.
12
Polypropylene is used in a variety of products including carpets, upholstery,
housewares, automotive components, rigid packaging and plastic caps and other
closures. Equistar's performance polymers include enhanced grades of
polyethylene, such as wire and cable insulating resins; polymeric powders;
polymers for adhesives, sealants and coatings; reactive polyolefins; and, liquid
polyolefins.
EQUISTAR'S PETROCHEMICAL BUSINESS UNIT
Equistar produces petrochemicals at twelve facilities located in six states.
Equistar's Chocolate Bayou, Corpus Christi and two Channelview, Texas olefin
plants use petroleum liquids, including naphtha, condensates and gas oils
(collectively, 'Petroleum Liquids'), to produce ethylene. Assuming the
co-products are recovered and sold, the cost of ethylene production from
Petroleum Liquids historically has been less than the cost of producing ethylene
from natural gas liquid feedstocks, including ethane, propane and butane
(collectively, 'NGLs'). The use of Petroleum Liquids results in the production
of a significant amount of co-products, such as propylene, butadiene, benzene
and toluene, and specialty products such as dicyclopentadiene, isoprene, resin
oil and piperylenes. Olefin plants with the flexibility to consume a wide range
of raw materials historically have had lower variable costs than olefin plants
that are restricted in their raw material processing capability to NGLs.
Equistar's Channelview and Corpus Christi, Texas facilities can process 100% and
70% Petroleum Liquids, respectively, or up to 80% and 70% NGLs, respectively,
subject to the availability of NGLs. The Chocolate Bayou facility processes 100%
Petroleum Liquids.
Equistar's Morris, Illinois; Clinton, Iowa; Lake Charles, Louisiana; and, La
Porte, Texas plants are designed to use primarily NGLs, which primarily produce
ethylene with some co-products, such as propylene. Equistar's La Porte, Texas
facility can process heavier NGLs such as butane and natural gasoline. A
comprehensive pipeline system connects Equistar's Gulf Coast plants with major
olefin customers. Raw materials are sourced both internationally and
domestically from a wide variety of sources. The majority of Equistar's
Petroleum Liquids requirements are purchased via contractual arrangements.
Equistar obtains a portion of its olefin raw material requirements from
LYONDELL-CITGO Refining LP, a joint venture owned by Lyondell and CITGO
Petroleum Corporation ('LCR'), at market-related prices. Raw materials are
shipped via vessel and pipeline.
Equistar produces ethylene oxide and derivatives thereof, including ethylene
glycol, at facilities located at Pasadena, Texas and through a joint venture
located in Beaumont, Texas that is 50% owned by Equistar and 50% owned by
DuPont. Equistar produces synthetic ethanol at Tuscola, Illinois and denatures
ethanol at facilities in Newark, New Jersey, and Anaheim, California. Equistar
is outsourcing the operations of its Anaheim, California facility and
anticipates shutting down the facility in the second quarter of 2002.
13
The following table outlines Equistar's primary petrochemical products and
the annual processing capacity for each product:
PRODUCT ANNUAL CAPACITY
------- ---------------
Olefins:
Ethylene............................................... 11.6 billion pounds(a)
Propylene.............................................. 5.0 billion pounds(a)(b)
Butadiene.............................................. 1.2 billion pounds
Oxygenated Products:
Ethylene oxide......................................... 1.1 billion pounds
Ethylene glycol........................................ 1.0 billion pounds
Ethylene oxide derivatives............................. 225 million pounds
MTBE................................................... 284 million gallons(c)
Ethanol................................................ 50 million gallons
Aromatics:
Benzene................................................ 310 million gallons
Toluene................................................ 66 million gallons
Specialty Products:
Dicyclopentadiene...................................... 130 million pounds
Isoprene............................................... 145 million pounds
Resin oil.............................................. 150 million pounds
Piperylenes............................................ 100 million pounds
Alkylate............................................... 337 million gallons(d)
Diethyl ether.......................................... 5 million gallons
---------
(a) Includes 850 million pounds/year of ethylene capacity and 200 million
pounds/year of propylene capacity at Equistar's Lake Charles, Louisiana
facility. Equistar's Lake Charles facility has been idled since the first
quarter of 2001.
(b) Does not include refinery-grade material or production from the product
flexibility unit at Equistar's Channelview facility, which can convert
ethylene and other light petrochemicals into propylene. This facility has
an annual processing capacity of one billion pounds per year of propylene.
(c) Includes up to 44 million gallons/year of capacity operated for the benefit
of LCR.
(d) Includes up to 172 million gallons/year of capacity operated for the
benefit of LCR.
Ethylene produced by the La Porte, Morris and Clinton facilities is
generally consumed as raw material by the polymer operations at those sites, or
is transferred to Tuscola from Morris by pipeline for the production of ethanol.
Ethylene produced at Equistar's La Porte facility is consumed as a raw material
by Equistar's polymers operations and the Company's VAM operations in La Porte
and also is distributed by pipeline for other internal uses and to third
parties. Ethylene and propylene produced at the Channelview, Corpus Christi,
Chocolate Bayou and Lake Charles olefin plants are generally distributed by
pipeline or via exchange agreements to Equistar's Gulf Coast polymer and
ethylene oxide and glycol facilities as well as Equistar's affiliates and third
parties. Equistar's Lake Charles facility has been idled since the first quarter
of 2001. For the year ended December 31, 2001, approximately 85% of the ethylene
produced by Equistar, based on sales dollars, was consumed by Equistar's
polymers or oxygenated products business or sold to Equistar's owners and their
affiliates at market-related prices.
With respect to sales to third parties, Equistar sells a majority of its
olefin products to customers with whom it has had long-standing relationships,
generally pursuant to written agreements that typically provide for monthly
negotiation of price, customer purchase of a specified minimum quantity,
14
and three to six year terms with automatic one- or two-year extension
provisions. Some contracts may be terminated early if deliveries have been
suspended for several months.
Most of the ethylene and propylene production of the Channelview, Chocolate
Bayou, Corpus Christi and Lake Charles facilities is shipped via a pipeline
system that has connections to numerous Gulf Coast ethylene and propylene
consumers. Exchange agreements with other olefin producers allow access to
customers who are not directly connected to this pipeline system. Some ethylene
is shipped by railcar from Clinton, Iowa to Morris, Illinois and some propylene
is shipped by ocean-going vessel. A pipeline owned and operated by Williams
Pipeline Company is used to transport ethylene from Morris, Illinois to Tuscola,
Illinois.
The bases for competition in Equistar's petrochemical products are price,
product quality, product deliverability and customer service. Equistar competes
with other large domestic producers of petrochemicals, including BP, Chevron
Phillips Chemical Company LP ('Chevron Phillips'), Dow, ExxonMobil Chemical
Company ('ExxonMobil'), Huntsman Chemical Company, NOVA Chemicals Corporation
('NOVA Chemicals') and Shell Chemical Company. Industry consolidation has
concentrated the industry in fewer and larger competitors.
EQUISTAR'S POLYMER BUSINESS UNIT
Through facilities located at nine plant sites in four states, Equistar's
polymer business unit manufactures a wide variety of polyolefins, including
polyethylene, polypropylene and various performance polymers.
Equistar currently manufactures polyethylene using a variety of technologies
at five facilities in Texas and at its Morris, Illinois and Clinton, Iowa
facilities. The Morris and Clinton facilities are the only polyethylene
facilities located in the United States Midwest. These facilities enjoy a
freight cost advantage over Gulf Coast producers in delivering products to
customers in the United States Midwest and on the East Coast of the United
States.
Equistar's Morris, Illinois and Pasadena, Texas facilities manufacture
polypropylene using propylene produced as a co-product of Equistar's ethylene
production as well as propylene purchased from third parties. Equistar produces
performance polymer products, which include enhanced grades of polyethylene and
polypropylene, at several of its polymer facilities. Equistar produces wire and
cable insulating resins and compounds at Morris, Illinois and La Porte, Texas
and wire and cable insulating compounds at Tuscola, Illinois and Fairport
Harbor, Ohio. Wire and cable insulating resins and compounds are used to
insulate copper and fiber optic wiring in power, telecommunication, computer and
automobile applications.
Equistar's polymers facilities have the capacity to produce annually 3.1
billion pounds of high density polyethylene, 1.5 billion pounds of low density
polyethylene, 1.1 billion pounds linear low density polyethylene and 680 million
pounds of polypropylene. These annual capacities exclude the capacity of the
Port Arthur, Texas facility, which was permanently shut down February 28, 2001.
Equistar's polymer facilities also produce wire and cable insulating resins and
compounds, polymeric powders, polymers for adhesives, sealants and coatings,
reactive polyolefins and liquid polyolefins. These products are enhanced grades
of polyethylene; Equistar's capacity to produce these products is included in
the capacity figures for polyethylene, discussed above.
With the exception of the Chocolate Bayou polyethylene plant, Equistar's
polyethylene and polypropylene production facilities can receive their ethylene
and propylene directly from Equistar's petrochemical facilities via Equistar's
olefin pipeline system, third party pipelines or Equistar's own on-site
production. The polyethylene plants at Chocolate Bayou, La Porte and Pasadena,
Texas are connected to third parties and can receive ethylene via exchanges or
purchases. The polypropylene facility at Morris, Illinois receives propylene
from third parties.
Equistar's polymer products are primarily sold to an extensive base of
established customers. Approximately fifty percent of Equistar's polymers
products volumes are sold to customers under term contracts, typically having a
duration of one to three years. The remainder is generally sold without
contractual term commitments. In either case, in most of the continuous supply
relationships, prices may be changed upon mutual agreement between Equistar and
its customer. Equistar sells its polymer
15
products in the United States and Canada primarily through its own sales
organization. It generally engages sales agents to market its polymer products
in the rest of the world. Polymers are distributed primarily by railcar.
The bases for competition in Equistar's polymers products are price, product
performance, product quality, product deliverability and customer service.
Equistar competes with other large producers of polymers, including Atofina, BP
Solvay Polyethylene, Chevron Phillips, Dow, Eastman Chemical Company,
ExxonMobil, Formosa Plastics, Huntsman, NOVA Chemicals and Westlake Polymers.
Industry consolidation has concentrated the industry in fewer and larger
competitors.
MANAGEMENT OF EQUISTAR; AGREEMENTS BETWEEN EQUISTAR, LYONDELL, OCCIDENTAL AND
THE COMPANY
Equistar is a Delaware limited partnership. The Company owns its 29.5%
interest in Equistar through two wholly owned subsidiaries of Millennium
Petrochemicals, one of which serves as a general partner of Equistar and one of
which serves as a limited partner. The Equistar Partnership Agreement governs,
among other things, ownership, cash distributions, capital contributions and
management of Equistar.
The Equistar Partnership Agreement provides that Equistar is governed by a
Partnership Governance Committee consisting of nine representatives, three
appointed by each general partner. Matters requiring agreement by the
representatives of Lyondell, Occidental and the Company include changes in the
scope of Equistar's business, approval of the five-year Strategic Plan (and
annual updates thereof) (the 'Strategic Plan'), the sale or purchase of assets
or capital expenditures of more than $30 million not contemplated by an approved
Strategic Plan, additional investments by Equistar's partners not contemplated
by an approved Strategic Plan or required to achieve or maintain compliance with
health, safety and environmental laws if the partners are required to contribute
more than a total of $100 million in a specific year or $300 million in a
five-year period, incurring or repaying debt under certain circumstances,
issuing or repurchasing partnership interests or other equity securities of
Equistar, making certain distributions, hiring and firing executive officers of
Equistar (other than Equistar's Chief Executive Officer), approving material
compensation and benefit plans for employees, commencing and settling material
lawsuits, selecting or changing accountants or accounting methods and merging or
combining with another business. All decisions of the Partnership Governance
Committee that do not require consent of the representatives of Lyondell,
Occidental and the Company (including approval of Equistar's annual budget,
which must be consistent with the most recently approved Strategic Plan, and
selection of Equistar's Chief Executive Officer, who must be reasonably
acceptable to the Company and Occidental) may be made by Lyondell's
representatives alone. The day-to-day operations of Equistar are managed by the
executive officers of Equistar. Dan F. Smith, the Chief Executive Officer of
Lyondell, also serves as the Chief Executive Officer of Equistar.
Millennium Petrochemicals and Equistar entered into an agreement on December
1, 1997 providing for the transfer of assets to Equistar. Among other things,
such agreement sets forth representations and warranties by Millennium
Petrochemicals with respect to the transferred assets and requires
indemnification by Millennium Petrochemicals with respect to such assets. Such
agreement also provides for the assumption of certain liabilities by Equistar,
subject to specified limitations. Lyondell and affiliates of Occidental entered
into a similar agreement with Equistar with respect to the transfer of their
respective assets and Equistar's assumption of liabilities.
Equistar is party to a number of agreements with Millennium Petrochemicals
for the provision of services, utilities and materials from one party to the
other at common locations, principally La Porte, Texas. In general, the goods
and services under these agreements, other than the purchase of ethylene by
Millennium Petrochemicals from Equistar and the purchase of VAM by Equistar from
Millennium Petrochemicals, are provided at cost. Millennium Petrochemicals
purchases its ethylene requirements at market-based prices from Equistar
pursuant to a long-term contract. Equistar purchases its VAM requirements from
Millennium Petrochemicals at a formula-based price pursuant to a long-term
contract. Lyondell and affiliates of Occidental also entered into agreements
with Equistar for the provision of services. Pursuant to the Equistar Parent
Agreement, the Company, Lyondell and an affiliate of Occidental have agreed to
guarantee the obligations of their respective subsidiaries under
16
each of the agreements discussed above, including the Equistar Partnership
Agreement and the asset-transfer agreements.
The Equistar Partnership Agreement and Equistar Parent Agreement contain
certain limitations on the ability of the partners and their affiliates to
transfer, directly or indirectly, their interests in Equistar. The following is
a summary of those limitations:
Equistar Partnership Agreement: Without the consent of the general partners
of Equistar, no partner may transfer less than all of its interest in Equistar,
nor can any partner transfer its interest other than for cash. If one of the
limited partners and its affiliated general partner desire to transfer, via a
cash sale, all of their units, they must give written notice to Equistar and the
other partners and the non-selling partners shall have the option, exercisable
by delivering written acceptance notice of the exercise to the selling partners
within 45 days after receiving notice of the sale, to elect to purchase all of
the partnership interests of the selling partners on the terms described in the
initial notice. If all of the other non-selling partners deliver notice of
acceptance, then all of the partnership interests shall be transferred in
proportion to the partners' current percentage interest unless otherwise agreed.
If less than all of the non-selling partners deliver notice of acceptance, the
partner who delivers notice of acceptance will have the option of purchasing all
of the partnership interests up for sale. The notice of acceptance will set a
date for closing the purchase which is not less than 30 nor more than 90 days
after delivery of the notice of acceptance, subject to extension. The purchase
price for the selling partners' partnership interests will be paid in cash.
If the non-selling partners do not elect to purchase the selling partners'
partnership interests within 45 days after the receipt of initial notice of
sale, the selling partners will have a further 180 days during which they may
consummate the sale of their units to a third-party purchaser. The sale to a
third-party purchaser must be at a purchase price and on other terms that are no
more favorable to the purchaser than the terms offered to the non-selling
partners. If the sale is not completed within the 180-day period, the initial
notice will be deemed to have expired, and a new notice and offer shall be
required before the selling partners may make any transfer of their partnership
interests.
Before the selling partners may consummate a transfer of their partnership
interests to a third party under the Equistar Partnership Agreement, the selling
partners must demonstrate that the person willing to serve as the proposed
purchaser's guarantor has outstanding indebtedness that is rated investment
grade by Moody's Investor's Services, Inc. ('Moody's') and Standard & Poor's
('S&P'). If the proposed guarantor has no rated indebtedness outstanding, it
shall provide an opinion from a nationally recognized investment banking firm
that it could be reasonably expected to obtain suitable ratings. In addition, a
partner may transfer its partnership interests only if, together with satisfying
all other requirements (1) the transferee executes an appropriate agreement to
be bound by the Equistar Partnership Agreement, (2) the transferor and/or the
transferee bears all reasonable costs incurred by Equistar in connection with
the transfer and (3) the guarantor of the transferee delivers an agreement to
the ultimate parent entity of the non-selling partners and to Equistar
substantially in the form of the Equistar Parent Agreement.
Equistar Parent Agreement: Without the consent of each of Lyondell,
Millennium, Oxy CH Corporation ('Oxy CH') and Occidental Chemical Holding
Corporation (collectively, the 'Ownership Parents'), no Ownership Parent may
transfer less than all of its interests in the entities that hold its general
partnership and limited partnership interests in Equistar (the 'Partner Sub
Stock') except in compliance with the following provisions.
Each Ownership Parent may transfer all, but not less than all, of its
Partner Sub Stock, without the consent of the other Ownership Parents, if the
transfer is in connection with either (1) a merger, consolidation, conversion or
share exchange of the Ownership Parent or (2) a sale or other disposition of (A)
the Partner Sub Stock, plus (B) other assets representing at least 50% of the
book value of the Ownership Parent's assets (or in the case of each of Oxy CH
and Occidental Chemical Holding Corporation, 50% of the book value of Oxy CH's
assets) excluding the Partner Sub Stock, as reflected on its most recent audited
consolidated or combined financial statements.
In addition, any transfer of Partner Sub Stock by any Ownership Parent
described above is only permitted if the acquiring, succeeding or surviving
entity, if any, both (1) succeeds to and is substituted
17
for the transferring Ownership Parent with the same effect as if it had been
named in the Equistar Parent Agreement and (2) executes an instrument agreeing
to be bound by the obligations of the transferring Ownership Parent under the
Equistar Parent Agreement, with the same effect as if it had been named in the
instrument.
The transferring Ownership Parent may be released from its guarantee
obligations under the Equistar Parent Agreement after the successor parent
agrees to be bound by the Ownership Parent's obligations.
Unless a transfer is permitted under the provisions described above, any
Ownership Parent desiring to transfer all of its Partner Sub Stock to any
person, including another Ownership Parent or any affiliate of an Ownership
Parent, may only transfer its Partner Sub Stock for cash consideration and will
give a written right of first option to Equistar and each of the other Ownership
Parents. Each offeree parent will have the option to elect to purchase all of
its proportional share, in the case of both the limited partner and general
partner, of all of the Partner Sub Stock of the selling parent, on the terms
described in the right of first offer. If one of the offeree parents, but not
the other, elects to so purchase, the selling parent shall give written notice
thereof to the offeree parent electing to purchase, and that parent shall have
the option to purchase all of the Parent Sub Stock held by the selling parent,
including the Partner Sub Stock it has not previously elected to purchase. Any
election by an offeree parent not to purchase all of the Partner Sub Stock shall
be deemed a rescission of the parent's original notice of acceptance of the
Partner Sub Stock of that selling parent. If one or both of the offeree parents
do not elect to purchase all of the selling parent's Partner Sub Stock within 45
days after the receipt of the initial notice or within 15 days after the receipt
of the notice to an offeree parent electing to purchase, if applicable, the
selling parent will have a further 180 days during which it may, subject to the
provisions of the following paragraph, consummate the sale of its Partner Sub
Stock to a third-party purchaser at a purchase price and on other terms that are
no more favorable to the purchaser than the initial terms offered to the offeree
parents. If the sale is not completed within the further 180-day period, the
right of first offer will be deemed to have expired and a new right of first
offer shall be required before the selling parent may make any transfer of its
Partner Sub Stock.
Before the selling parent may consummate a transfer of its Partner Sub Stock
to a third party under the provisions described in the preceding paragraph, the
selling parent shall demonstrate to the other Ownership Parents that the
proposed purchaser, or the person willing to serve as its guarantor as
contemplated by the terms of the Equistar Parent Agreement, has outstanding
indebtedness that is rated investment grade by either Moody's or S&P. If such
proposed purchaser or the other person has no rated indebtedness outstanding,
that person shall provide an opinion from Moody's, S&P or from a nationally
recognized investment banking firm that it could be reasonably expected to
obtain a suitable rating. Moreover, an Ownership Parent may transfer its Partner
Sub Stock, under the previous paragraph, only if all of the following occur:
(A) the transfer is accomplished in a nonpublic offering in compliance with, and
exempt from, the registration and qualification requirements of all federal and
state securities laws and regulations; (B) the transfer does not cause a default
under any material contract which has been approved unanimously by the
Partnership Governance Committee and to which Equistar is a party or by which
Equistar or any of its properties is bound; (C) the transferee executes an
appropriate agreement to be bound by the Equistar Parent Agreement; (D) the
transferor and/or transferee bears all reasonable costs incurred by Equistar in
connection with the transfer; (E) the transferee, or the guarantor of the
obligations of the transferee, delivers an agreement to each of the other
Ownership Parents and Equistar substantially in the form of the Equistar Parent
Agreement; and (F) the proposed transferor is not in default in the timely
performance of any of its material obligations to Equistar.
LA PORTE METHANOL COMPANY
The La Porte Methanol Company is a Delaware limited partnership that owns a
methanol plant and certain related facilities in La Porte, Texas. The
partnership is owned 85% by the Company and 15% by Linde. Linde is also required
to purchase, under certain circumstances, an additional 5% interest in the
partnership. A wholly owned subsidiary of the Company is the managing general
partner of the partnership. A wholly owned subsidiary of Linde is responsible
for operating the methanol plant.
18
The partnership commenced operations on January 18, 1999 when the methanol plant
and certain related facilities owned by the Company were contributed to the
partnership and Linde purchased its partnership interest from the Company.
La Porte Methanol Company's methanol plant had an annual production capacity
of 207 million gallons as of December 31, 2001. The plant employs a process
supplied by a major engineering and construction firm to produce methanol.
Methanol is used primarily as a feedstock to produce acetic acid, MTBE and
formaldehyde. The Company uses approximately 70 million gallons of La Porte
Methanol Company's annual methanol production for the manufacture of acetic acid
at the Company's La Porte, Texas, acetic acid plant. The methanol produced by La
Porte Methanol Company not consumed by the Company or sold by Linde to a
customer of Linde is marketed by the Company on behalf of itself and Linde.
Methanol is sold under contracts that range in term from one to three years and
on a spot basis to large domestic customers. The product is shipped by barge and
pipeline.
The principal feedstocks for the production of methanol are carbon monoxide
and hydrogen, collectively termed synthesis gas or syngas. These raw materials
are largely supplied to La Porte Methanol Company from the syngas plant at La
Porte, Texas, owned by the Company and leased to Linde pursuant to a long-term
lease that commenced January 18, 1999. La Porte Methanol Company also purchases
relatively small volumes of hydrogen from time to time from other parties.
La Porte Methanol Company's principal competitors in the methanol business
are Methanex Company, Saudi Basic Industries Corporation, Lyondell Methanol
Company, L.P. and Caribbean Petrochemical Marketing Company Limited. The
methanol produced by Lyondell Methanol Company, L.P. is marketed by Equistar.
EMPLOYEES
At December 31, 2001, the Company had approximately 3,875 full- and
part-time employees. Approximately 3,167 of the Company's employees were engaged
in manufacturing, 495 were engaged in sales, distribution and technology, and
213 were engaged in administrative, executive and support functions.
Approximately one-fourth of the Company's United States employees are
represented by various labor unions, and a significant percentage of the
Company's European and Brazilian employees are represented by various worker
associations. Of the Company's nine collective bargaining agreements or other
required labor negotiations, four must be renegotiated on an annual basis, four
others must be renegotiated in 2003, and one must be renegotiated in 2004. All
required annual renegotiations relate to units outside the United States. The
Company believes that the relations of its operating subsidiaries with
employees, unions and worker associations are generally good.
ENVIRONMENTAL MATTERS
The Company's businesses are subject to extensive federal, state, local and
foreign laws, regulations, rules and ordinances concerning, among other things,
emissions to the air, discharges and releases to land and water, the generation,
handling, storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of wastes and other
materials and the remediation of environmental pollution caused by releases of
wastes and other materials (the 'Environmental Laws'). The operation of any
chemical manufacturing plant and the distribution of chemical products entail
risks under Environmental Laws, many of which provide for substantial fines and
criminal sanctions for violations. There can be no assurance that significant
costs or liabilities will not be incurred with respect to the Company's
operations and activities. In particular, the production of TiO[u]2, TiCl[u]4,
VAM, acetic acid, methanol and certain other chemicals involves the handling,
manufacture or use of substances or compounds that may be considered to be toxic
or hazardous within the meaning of certain Environmental Laws, and certain
operations have the potential to cause environmental or other damage.
Significant expenditures including facility-related expenditures could be
required in connection with any investigation and remediation of threatened or
actual pollution, triggers under existing Environmental Laws tied to production
or new requirements under Environmental Laws.
19
The Company's annual operating expenses relating to environmental matters
were approximately $63 million, $47 million and $45 million in 2001, 2000 and
1999, respectively. These amounts cover, among other things, the Company's cost
of complying with environmental regulations and permit conditions, as well as
managing and minimizing its waste. Capital expenditures for environmental
compliance and remediation were approximately $19 million, $7 million and $12
million in 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively. In addition, capital expenditures
for projects in the normal course of operations and major expansions include
costs associated with the environmental impact of those projects that are
inseparable from the overall project cost. Capital expenditures and costs and
operating expenses relating to environmental matters for years after 2001 will
be subject to evolving regulatory requirements and will depend, to some extent,
on the amount of time required to obtain necessary permits and approvals.
From time to time, various agencies may serve cease and desist orders or
notices of violation on an operating unit or deny its applications for certain
licenses or permits, in each case alleging that the practices of the operating
unit are not consistent with regulations or ordinances. In some cases, the
relevant operating unit may seek to meet with the agency to determine mutually
acceptable methods of modifying or eliminating the practice in question. The
Company believes that its operating units generally operate in compliance with
applicable regulations and ordinances in a manner that should not have a
material adverse effect on the consolidated financial position, results of
operations or cash flows of the Company.
Certain Company subsidiaries have been named as defendants, potentially
responsible parties (the 'PRPs'), or both, in a number of environmental
proceedings associated with waste disposal sites or facilities currently or
previously owned, operated or used by the Company's current or former
subsidiaries or their predecessors, some of which are on the Superfund National
Priorities List of the United States Environmental Protection Agency (the 'EPA')
or similar state lists. These proceedings seek cleanup costs, damages for
personal injury or property damage, or both. Based upon third-party technical
reports, the projections of outside consultants or outside counsel, or both, the
Company has estimated its individual exposure at these sites to be between
$25,000 and $29 million. In the most significant of these proceedings, a
subsidiary is named as one of four PRPs at the Kalamazoo River Superfund Site in
Michigan. The site involves contamination of river sediments and floodplain
soils with polychlorinated biphenyls. Originally commenced on December 2, 1987
in the United States District Court for the Western District of Michigan as
Kelly v. Allied Paper, Inc. et al., the matter was stayed and is being addressed
under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act.
In October 2000, the Kalamazoo River Study Group (the 'KRSG'), of which one of
the Company's subsidiaries is a member, submitted to the State of Michigan a
Draft Remedial Investigation and Draft Feasibility Study, which evaluated a
number of remedial options and recommended a remedy involving the stabilization
of several miles of river bank and the long-term monitoring of river sediments
at a total collective cost of approximately $73 million. During 2001, additional
sampling activities were performed in discrete parts of the river. At the end of
the year, the EPA took over lead responsibility for the site at the request of
the State. Neither the State of Michigan nor the EPA has commented on the draft
study. The Company's liability at the site will depend on many factors including
the ultimate remedy selected by the EPA, the number and financial viability of
the other members of the KRSG as well as of other PRPs outside the KRSG, and the
determination of the final allocation among the members of the KRSG and other
PRPs.
The Company is defending two matters that involve the potential for civil
penalties or sanctions in excess of $100,000. In April 1997, the Illinois
Attorney General filed a complaint in Circuit Court in Grundy, Illinois alleging
releases into the environment from Millennium Petrochemical's former Morris,
Illinois facility (which was contributed to Equistar on December 1, 1997). In
addition, on August 17, 2000, the South Carolina Department of Health and
Environmental Control commenced an action in the United States District Court
for the District of South Carolina against Millennium Petrochemicals, Henkel
Corporation, Piedmont Chemicals Inc., Ethox Chemicals, L.L.C., and other parties
seeking to establish liability for alleged waste disposal activities at a site
in Simpsonville, South Carolina. The Company believes it has substantial
defenses to both actions.
20
The Company believes that the reasonably probable and estimable range of
potential liability for environmental and other legal contingencies,
collectively, but which primarily relates to environmental remediation
activities and other environmental proceedings, is between $80 million and $90
million and has accrued $83 million as of December 31, 2001. The Company expects
that cash expenditures related to these potential liabilities will be made over
a number of years, and will not be concentrated in any single year. This accrual
also reflects the fact that certain Company subsidiaries have contractual
obligations to indemnify other parties against certain environmental and other
liabilities. For example, the Company agreed as part of its demerger (i.e.,
spinoff) on October 1, 1996 (the 'Demerger') from Hanson plc ('Hanson') to
indemnify Hanson and certain of its subsidiaries against certain of such
contractual indemnification obligations, and Millennium Petrochemicals agreed as
part of the December 1, 1997 formation of Equistar to indemnify Equistar for
certain liabilities related to the assets contributed by Millennium
Petrochemicals to Equistar in excess of $7 million, which was exceeded in 2001.
No assurance can be given that actual costs for environmental matters will
not exceed accrued amounts or that estimates made with respect to
indemnification obligations will be accurate. In addition, it is possible that
costs will be incurred with respect to contamination, indemnification
obligations or other environmental matters that currently are unknown or as to
which it is currently not possible to make an estimate.
The Company cannot predict whether future developments or changes in laws
and regulations concerning environmental protection will affect its earnings or
cash flow in a materially adverse manner or whether its operating units,
Equistar or La Porte Methanol Company will be successful in meeting future
demands of regulatory agencies in a manner that will not materially adversely
affect the consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows
of the Company. For example, the Texas Natural Resources Conservation Commission
(the 'TNRCC') submitted a plan to EPA requiring the eight-county
Houston/Galveston area to come into compliance with the National Ambient Air
Quality Standard for ozone by 2007. These requirements, if implemented, would
mandate significant reductions of nitrogen oxide emissions requiring increased
capital investment by Equistar of between $200 million and $260 million before
the 2007 regulatory deadline, as well as create higher annual operating costs.
This result could potentially affect cash distributions from Equistar to the
Company. In January 2001, Equistar, individually and as part of an industry
coalition, filed a lawsuit against the TNRCC in State District Court in Travis
County, Texas seeking adoption of an alternative plan to achieve the same level
of air quality improvement with less adverse effects on the region. The parties
have entered into a consent order whereby TNRCC will review certain scientific
data regarding ozone formation in the Houston/Galveston area and, if such data
conforms to the coalition's alternative plan, the regulations will be modified
accordingly, subject to EPA approval. In the interim, however, EPA approved the
TNRCC Plan, and the industry coalition, including Equistar, has sought judicial
review of such approval.
PATENTS, TRADEMARKS, AND LICENSES
The Company's subsidiaries have numerous United States and foreign patents,
registered trademarks and trade names, together with applications. The Company
has licensed to others certain of its process technology for the manufacture of
VAM. The Company is also licensed by others in the application of certain
processes and equipment designs related to its Acetyls business segment. The
Company generally does not license its Titanium Dioxide and Related Products
business segment's proprietary processes to third parties or hold licenses from
others. While the patents and licenses of the Company's subsidiaries provide
certain competitive advantages and are considered important, particularly with
regard to processing technologies such as the Company's proprietary titanium
dioxide chloride production process, the Company's proprietary acetic acid
process and the Company's proprietary terpene chemistry process, the Company
does not consider its business, as a whole, to be materially dependent upon any
one particular patent or license. For a discussion of litigation related to the
Company's acetic acid process see Item 3, Legal Proceedings, in this Annual
Report.
21
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
The following individuals serve as executive officers of the Company:
NAME POSITION
---- --------
William M. Landuyt................... Chairman of the Board, President and Chief
Executive Officer
Robert E. Lee........................ Executive Vice President -- Growth and
Development
C. William Carmean................... Senior Vice President -- General Counsel and
Secretary
Timothy E. Dowdle.................... Senior Vice President -- Manufacturing,
Operational Excellence Businesses
Marie S. Dreher...................... Vice President -- Finance
Peter P. Hanik....................... Senior Vice President -- Technology
Richard A. Lamond.................... Senior Vice President -- Human Resources and
Administration
John E. Lushefski.................... Senior Vice President and Chief Financial
Officer
David L. Vercollone.................. Senior Vice President -- Commercial,
Operational Excellence Businesses
Mr. Landuyt, 46, has served as Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive
Officer of the Company since the Demerger. He has served as the President of the
Company since June 1997. Mr. Landuyt was Director, President and Chief Executive
Officer of Hanson Industries (which managed the United States operations of
Hanson until the Demerger) from June 1995 until the Demerger, a Director of
Hanson from 1992 until September 29, 1996, Finance Director of Hanson from 1992
to May 1995, and Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Hanson Industries
from 1988 to 1992. He joined Hanson Industries in 1983. He is a member and a
Co-Chairman of the Equistar Partnership Governance Committee. He is also a
director of Bethlehem Steel Corporation.
Mr. Lee, 45, has served as the Executive Vice President -- Growth and
Development of the Company since March 21, 2001. He was President and Chief
Executive Officer of Millennium Inorganic Chemicals from June 1997 to March 21,
2001. From the Demerger to June 1997, he served as the President and Chief
Operating Officer of the Company. He has been a Director of the Company since
the Demerger. Mr. Lee was a Director and the Senior Vice President and Chief
Operating Officer of Hanson Industries from June 1995 until the Demerger, an
Associate Director of Hanson from 1992 until the Demerger, Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer of Hanson Industries from 1992 to June 1995, Vice
President and Treasurer of Hanson Industries from 1990 to 1992, and Treasurer of
Hanson Industries from 1987 to 1990. He joined Hanson Industries in 1982. Mr.
Lee is a member of the Equistar Partnership Governance Committee.
Mr. Carmean, 49, has served as Senior Vice President -- General Counsel and
Secretary of the Company since January 1, 2002. He was Vice President -- Legal
of the Company from December 1997 to December 2001. He was Associate General
Counsel of the Company from the Demerger to December 1997, Associate General
Counsel of Hanson Industries from 1993 to the Demerger, and Corporate Counsel of
Quantum Chemical Corporation from 1990 until its acquisition by Hanson in 1993.
Mr. Dowdle, 50, has served as Senior Vice President -- Manufacturing,
Operational Excellence Businesses, of the Company since March 21, 2001. He
served as Senior Vice President -- Global Manufacturing of Millennium Inorganic
Chemicals from January 1999 to March 21, 2001 and as Vice
President -- Manufacturing of Millennium Inorganic Chemicals from September 1997
to January 1999. Mr. Dowdle served as General Manager of Millennium
Petrochemicals' Morris Complex from June 1993 to September 1997. He joined
Millennium Petrochemicals in December 1980.
Ms. Dreher, 43, has served as Vice President -- Finance of the Company since
March 21, 2001. She served as Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
of Millennium Inorganic Chemicals from August 1, 2000 to March 21, 2001. She was
Vice President -- Corporate Controller of the Company from
22
October, 1996 to August 1, 2000. Ms. Dreher joined Hanson Industries in 1994 as
Assistant Corporate Controller, and was appointed Director -- Planning and
Budgeting in 1995.
Mr. Hanik, 55, has served as Senior Vice President -- Technology of the
Company since March 21, 2001. He was President and Chief Executive Officer of
Millennium Petrochemicals from March 1998 to March 21, 2001. Prior to that time,
he was Vice President, Chemicals and Supply Chain of Millennium Petrochemicals,
where he was responsible for the Company's Acetyls business segment. Mr. Hanik
joined Millennium Petrochemicals in 1974.
Mr. Lamond, 55, has served as Senior Vice President -- Human Resources and
Administration of the Company since March 21, 2001 and as Vice
President -- Human Resources of the Company from November 1997 to March 21,
2001. He served as Vice President -- Human Resources for Millennium Inorganic
Chemicals from March 1997 to November 1997 and as Vice President -- Human
Resources for Grove Worldwide, a subsidiary of Hanson, from September 1994 to
March 1997.
Mr. Lushefski, 46, has served as Senior Vice President and Chief Financial
Officer of the Company since the Demerger. He was a Director and the Senior Vice
President and Chief Financial Officer of Hanson Industries from June 1995 until
the Demerger. He was Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Peabody
Holding Company, a Hanson subsidiary that held Hanson's coal mining operations,
from 1991 to May 1995 and Vice President and Controller of Hanson Industries
from 1990 to 1991. Mr. Lushefski initially joined Hanson Industries in 1985. Mr.
Lushefski is a member of the Equistar Partnership Governance Committee.
Mr. Vercollone, 54, has served as Senior Vice President -- Commercial,
Operational Excellence Businesses, of the Company since March 21, 2001. He
served as Senior Vice President, Commercial Operations of Millennium Inorganic
Chemicals from 1998 to March 21, 2001, and as Senior Vice President -- Global
Sales and Marketing and General Manager -- Americas of Millennium Inorganic
Chemicals from 1997 to 1998. From 1990 to 1997, he was Vice President and
General Manager -- Americas of Millennium Inorganic Chemicals. Mr. Vercollone
joined Millennium Inorganic Chemicals as Vice President Sales and Marketing in
1986 and served in that position until 1990.
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
Set forth below is a list of the Company's principal manufacturing
facilities (not including facilities of Equistar and La Porte Methanol Company),
all of which are owned. In addition, the Company owns a mineral sands mine in
Mataraca, Paraiba, Brazil, that supplies the Company's TiO[u]2 plant in Brazil
with titanium ore, and the Company owns a syngas plant in La Porte, Texas, which
it leases to Linde. The Company also leases warehouses, offices and its research
facility in Baltimore, Maryland. The Company believes that its properties are
well maintained and are in good operating condition.
LOCATION PRODUCTS
-------- --------
Titanium Dioxide and Related Products
Ashtabula, Ohio*......................... TiO[u]2 and TiCl[u]4
Baltimore, Maryland (Hawkins Point)*..... TiO[u]2
Baltimore, Maryland (St. Helena)......... Cadmium-based pigments and silica gel
Kemerton, Western Australia.............. TiO[u]2
Le Havre, Normandy, France............... TiO[u]2
Rockingham, Western Australia............ Zirconium-based compounds and chemicals
Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.................. TiO[u]2
Stallingborough, United Kingdom.......... TiO[u]2
Thann, Alsace, France.................... TiO[u]2, TiCl[u]4, ultra-fine TiO[u]2, and
zirconium-based compounds
Acetyls
La Porte, Texas.......................... VAM and acetic acid
Specialty Chemicals
Brunswick, Georgia....................... Fragrance and flavor chemicals
Jacksonville, Florida.................... Fragrance and flavor chemicals
(footnote on next page)
23
(footnote from previous page)
* The Company has two manufacturing plants at Ashtabula, Ohio, both of which
use the chloride process, and two manufacturing plants located in Baltimore,
Maryland (Hawkins Point), one of which uses the chloride process for
manufacturing TiO[u]2 and the other of which uses the sulfate process but is
currently idle.
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
The Company and various Company subsidiaries are defendants in a number of
pending legal proceedings relating to present and former operations. These
include several proceedings alleging injurious exposure of the plaintiffs to
various chemicals and other materials on the premises of, or manufactured by,
the Company's current and former subsidiaries. Typically, such proceedings
involve claims made by many plaintiffs against many defendants in the chemical
industry. Millennium Petrochemicals is one of a number of defendants in fewer
than 100 active premises-based asbestos cases (i.e., where the alleged exposure
to asbestos-containing materials was to employees of third-party contractors or
subcontractors on the premises of certain facilities, and did not relate to any
products manufactured or sold by the Company or any of its predecessors).
Millennium Petrochemicals is also one of a number of defendants in less than 50
inactive, or dormant, premises-based asbestos cases where the Company either has
not been specifically identified by any plaintiff or where the court placed the
claim on a formal registry for dormant claims, and for which no defense costs
are being incurred. Millennium Petrochemicals is responsible for these
premises-based cases as a result of its indemnification obligations under the
Company's agreements with Equistar; however, Equistar will be required to
indemnify Millennium Petrochemicals for any such claims related to the assets or
businesses contributed by Millennium Petrochemicals to Equistar filed on or
after December 1, 2004.
Together with other alleged past manufacturers of lead-based paint and lead
pigments for use in paint, a current subsidiary, as well as alleged predecessor
companies, have been named as defendants in various legal proceedings alleging
that they and other manufacturers are responsible for personal injury, property
damage, and remediation costs allegedly associated with the use of these
products. The plaintiffs in these legal proceedings include municipalities,
school districts, individuals and one state, and seek recovery under a variety
of theories, including negligence, failure to warn, breach of warranty,
conspiracy, market share liability, fraud, misrepresentation and nuisance. These
legal proceedings are in various pre-trial stages. The Company is vigorously
defending all lead-related legal proceedings.
The pending legal proceedings relating to lead pigment or paint are as
follows: The City of New York et al. v. Lead Industries Association, Inc., et
al., commenced in the Supreme Court of the State of New York on June 8, 1989;
Kayla Sabater et al. v. Lead Industries Association, Inc., et al., commenced in
the Supreme Court of New York, Bronx County, on November 25, 1998; Jackson, et
al. v. The Glidden Co., et al., commenced in the Court of Common Pleas, Cuyahoga
County, Ohio, on August 12, 1992; State of Rhode Island v. Lead Industries
Association, Inc., et al., commenced in the Superior Court of Providence, Rhode
Island, on October 12, 1999; City of St. Louis v. Lead Industries Association,
Inc., et al., commenced in the St. Louis, Missouri, Circuit Court on January 25,
2000; Steven Thomas, et al. v. Lead Industries Association, Inc., et al.,
commenced in the Milwaukee County, Wisconsin, Circuit Court on September 10,
1999; Reginald Smith, et al. v. Lead Industries Association, Inc., et al. and
Earl Cofield et al. v. Lead Industries Association, Inc., et al., both commenced
in the Baltimore City, Maryland, Circuit Court on September 29, 1999; The County
of Santa Clara, a political subdivision of the State of California, individually
and on behalf of all those similarly situated v. Atlantic Richfield et al.,
commenced in the Santa Clara County, California, Superior Court on March 23,
2000; Jefferson County School District v. Lead Industries Association, et al.,
commenced in the Circuit Court of Jefferson County, Mississippi, on April 6,
2001; Quitman County School District v. Lead Industries Association, et al.,
commenced in the Circuit Court of Quitman County, Mississippi, on November 27,
2001; Spring Branch Independent School District v. Lead Industries Association,
et al., commenced in the District Court of Harris County, Texas, on June 20,
2000; Houston Independent School District v. Lead Industries Association, et
al., commenced in the District Court of Harris County, Texas, on June 30, 2000;
Harris County v. Lead Industries Association, et al., commenced in the District
Court of Harris County, Texas,
24
on April 23, 2001; and, Liberty Independent School District v. Lead Industries
Association, et al., commenced in the District Court of Liberty County, Texas,
on January 22, 2002. In addition, in December 2001, 24 New Jersey municipalities
filed suit, and on February 11, 2002, the Supreme Court of the State of New
Jersey ordered the consolidation of these cases and any future lead-based paint
litigation in New Jersey as In Re Lead Paint Litigation, Superior Court of New
Jersey, Law Division: Middlesex County, Case Code 702. There can be no assurance
that additional litigation will not be filed.
Various laws and administrative regulations have, from time to time, been
enacted or proposed at the federal, state and local levels and may be proposed
in the future that seek to (i) impose various obligations on present and former
manufacturers of lead pigment and lead paint with respect to asserted health
concerns associated with the use of such products, and (ii) effectively overturn
court decisions in which the Company's current subsidiary, alleged predecessor
companies and other defendants have been successful. No legislation or
regulations have been adopted to date that are expected to have a material
adverse effect on the consolidated financial position, results of operations or
cash flows of the Company.
Celanese filed suit against Millennium Petrochemicals on September 30, 1999
in the United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas alleging
infringement of a Celanese patent relating to acetic acid production technology.
In the suit, Celanese seeks monetary damages and injunctive relief, including
royalties. The Company believes it has substantial defenses to this lawsuit and
is vigorously defending it.
On January 16, 2002, Slidell Inc. ('Slidell') filed a lawsuit against
Millennium Inorganic Chemicals alleging breach of contract and other related
causes of action arising out of a contract between the two parties for the
supply of packaging equipment. The Company believes it has substantial defenses
to these allegations and has filed a counterclaim against Slidell.
The Company believes that it has valid defenses to the legal proceedings
described above and intends to defend these legal proceedings vigorously.
However, litigation is subject to many uncertainties and the Company cannot
guarantee the outcome of these proceedings. Based upon information currently
available, the Company does not believe that the outcome of these proceedings
will, either individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on
the consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows of the
Company. For additional information, see 'Environmental and Litigation Matters'
in Item 7 of this Report.
For information concerning the Company's environmental proceedings, see
'Environmental Matters' in Item 1 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
Not applicable.
25
PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR THE REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED SHAREHOLDER
MATTERS
The Company's par value $0.01 per share common stock (the 'Common Stock') is
traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol 'MCH'. The following
table sets forth the high and low closing prices per share of Common Stock in
each quarter of 2000 and 2001.
HIGH LOW
---- ---
2000
----
First quarter........................................... $21.94 $12.69
Second quarter.......................................... 22.88 16.98
Third quarter........................................... 19.19 13.25
Fourth quarter.......................................... 19.19 13.00
2001
----
First quarter........................................... $19.00 $15.70
Second quarter.......................................... 17.36 15.05
Third quarter........................................... 15.70 9.44
Fourth quarter.......................................... 12.84 9.50
The Company paid a dividend of $0.135 per share of Common Stock, plus a
United Kingdom (the 'UK') Notional Tax Credit of $0.015 per share, in each
quarter of 2000 and 2001. On January 25, 2002, the Company declared a dividend
of $0.135 per share of Common Stock payable to all holders of record on March
13, 2002. This dividend will be paid on March 29, 2002.
In October 1996, Millennium Chemicals was formed as a result of the Demerger
from UK-based Hanson. As part of the Demerger agreements, the Inland Revenue
(the UK equivalent of the IRS in the United States) stipulated that Millennium
be managed and controlled in the UK for a period of five years. Hence, for the
past five years, Millennium has maintained dual residence for tax purposes in
both the UK and the United States. The Company ceased being managed and
controlled in the UK on February 4, 2002. As a result of Millennium ceasing to
be a UK resident, shareholders no longer will receive a UK notional tax credit
of 1.5 cents per share quarterly.
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
The selected financial data included below were derived from the
Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company, and should be read in
conjunction with such financial statements, including the Notes thereto, and
'Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations,' which are included in Part II, Items 8 and 7, respectively, of this
Annual Report.
26
SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
--------------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999 1998(4) 1997(5)
---- ---- ---- ------- -------
(MILLIONS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
Income Statement Data
Net sales....................................... $1,590 $1,793 $1,589 $1,597 $3,048
Operating income................................ 46 (1) 213 168 205 449
(Loss) income from continuing operations........ (43)(2) 122 (326)(3) 163 188
Basic (loss) earnings per share from continuing
operations.................................... (0.68) 1.90 (4.71) 2.17 2.52
Net (loss) income............................... (43)(2) 122 (288)(3) 164 185
Dividends declared per share plus United Kingdom
Notional Tax Credit........................... 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.60
Balance sheet data (at period end)
Total assets.................................... $3,004 $3,220 $3,250 $4,100 $4,326
Total liabilities............................... 2,105 2,215 2,219 2,507 2,862
Minority Interest............................... 21 22 16 15 -
Shareholders' equity............................ 878 983 1,015 1,578 1,464
Other data (with respect to continuing operations)
Depreciation and amortization................... $ 110 $ 113 $ 105 $ 102 $ 203
Capital expenditures............................ 97 110 109 215 152
---------
(1) Includes non-recurring restructuring and plant closure charges of $36.
(2) Includes after-tax non-recurring restructuring and plant closure charges of
$24, $4 representing the Company's after-tax share of costs related to the
shutdown of Equistar's Port Arthur, Texas plant, and benefit of $42 from
reduction of income tax accruals due to favorable developments related to
matters reserved for in prior years.
(3) Includes non-recurring charge for loss in value of the Equistar interest of
$639 ($400 after tax) to reduce the carrying value of the Equistar interest
to estimated fair value.
(4) Includes six months of earnings of the Brazilian TiO[u]2 business acquired
on July 1, 1998.
(5) Includes 11 months of the polyethylene, alcohol and related products
businesses that were contributed to Equistar on December 1, 1997. Since
December 1, 1997, the equity method is used to account for the Company's
partnership interest. Does not include earnings of the French TiO[u]2
business acquired on December 31, 1997.
QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA
1ST QTR. 2ND QTR. 3RD QTR. 4TH QTR.
-------- -------- -------- --------
(MILLIONS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
2001
----
Net sales.................................................. $ 444 $ 419 $ 393 $ 334
Operating income (loss).................................... 25 (1) (2)(3) 23 -
Net (loss) income.......................................... (16)(2) (23)(4) (12) 8(5)
Basic (loss) earnings per share............................ (0.24) (0.37) (0.20) 0.13
Diluted (loss) earnings per share.......................... (0.24) (0.37) (0.20) 0.13
2000
----
Net sales.................................................. $ 423 $ 463 $ 473 $ 434
Operating income........................................... 46 53 54 60
Net income................................................. 25 48 35 14
Basic earnings per share................................... 0.38 0.75 0.56 0.22
Diluted earnings per share................................. 0.37 0.74 0.55 0.22
---------
(1) Includes non-recurring restructuring and plant closure charges of $5.
(footnotes continued on next page)
27
(footnotes continued from previous page)
(2) Includes after-tax non-recurring restructuring and plant closure charges of
$4, and $4 representing the Company's after-tax share of costs related to he
shutdown of Equistar's Port Arthur, Texas plant.
(3) Includes non-recurring restructuring and plant closure charges of $31.
(4) Includes after-tax non-recurring restructuring and plant closure charges of
$20.
(5) Includes benefit of $42 from reduction of income tax accruals due to
favorable developments related to matters reserved for in prior years.
FOURTH QUARTER RESULTS
Operating income for the fourth quarter of 2001 decreased significantly from
the third quarter of 2001 in all three of the Company's business segments.
Operating income decreased by $12 million in the Titanium Dioxide and Related
Products business segment, primarily due to lower TiO[u]2 prices and volume as a
result of weak global demand and seasonality. Although the fourth quarter
TiO[u]2 operating rate of 82% was down from 86% in the third quarter due to
planned production curtailments to match demand, manufacturing costs per metric
ton were slightly lower in the fourth quarter compared to the third quarter as
the success of programs to lower costs offset increases due to lower fixed-cost
absorption. Operating income decreased by $9 million in the Acetyls business
segment as both VAM and acetic acid prices fell in the fourth quarter.
Additionally, fourth quarter Acetyls business segment operating profit was
negatively impacted by $8 million due to unfavorable fixed-price natural gas
purchase positions, which were entered into in the first quarter of 2001.
Operating income decreased $2 million in the Specialty Chemicals business
segment as sales volume dropped 12% in the fourth quarter due to weak market
demand while prices remained flat with the third quarter. A tax benefit of $42
million was reflected in fourth quarter 2001 net income resulting from a
reduction in the Company's income tax accruals due to favorable developments
related to matters reserved for in prior years.
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS
OF OPERATIONS
INTRODUCTION
The Company's principal operations are grouped into three business segments:
Titanium Dioxide and Related Products, Acetyls, and Specialty Chemicals. The
Company also holds a 29.5% interest in Equistar. The Company's interest in
Equistar is accounted for using the equity method. (See Note 1 to the
Consolidated Financial Statements.) A discussion of Equistar's financial results
for the relevant period is included below, as the Company's interest in Equistar
represents a significant component of the Company's assets and Equistar's
results can have a significant effect on the Company's consolidated results of
operations.
The following information should be read in conjunction with the Company's
Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto. In connection with the
forward-looking statements that appear in the following information, please
carefully review the Cautionary Statements in 'Disclosure Concerning
Forward-Looking Statements' included in this Annual Report.
HISTORICAL CYCLICALITY OF PRODUCTS
The markets for ethylene and polyethylene, in which the Company participates
through its interest in Equistar, are highly cyclical, resulting in volatile
profits and cash flow over the business cycle. The global markets for TiO[u]2
and acetyls are also cyclical, although to a lesser degree. The balance of
supply and demand in the markets in which the Company and Equistar do business,
as well as the level of inventories held by downstream customers, has a direct
effect on the sales volume and prices of the Company's and Equistar's products.
For example, if supply exceeds demand, producers are often pressured to maintain
sales volume with customers and, consequently, pressure to reduce prices may
result. This is especially true in periods of economic decline or uncertainty,
when demand may be limited and the economic conditions create caution on the
part of customers to build inventory. Reaction by producers, including the
Company and Equistar, is dependent on the particular
28
circumstances in effect at the time, but could include meeting competitive price
reductions, short-term curtailment of production, and longer-term temporary or
permanent plant shutdowns. In contrast, the Company believes that, over a
business cycle, the markets for specialty chemicals are generally more stable in
terms of industry demand, selling prices and operating margins.
Demand for ethylene and its derivatives has fluctuated from year to year.
However, over the last ten years, demand for ethylene and its primary
derivative, polyethylene, has increased an average of approximately 4% per year.
The industry is particularly sensitive to capacity additions. Producers have
historically experienced alternating periods of inadequate ethylene and/or
polyethylene capacity, resulting in increased selling prices and operating
margins, followed by periods of large capacity additions, resulting in declining
capacity utilization rates, selling prices and operating margins. The
cyclicality of petrochemicals' profitability is further influenced by
fluctuations in the price of feedstocks for ethylene, which generally follow
price trends for crude oil. Producers of ethylene for merchant supply to
unaffiliated customers typically experience greater variations in profitability
when industry supply and demand relationships are at extremes, in comparison to
more integrated competitors. Equistar currently consumes or sells approximately
85% of its ethylene production in its or its partners' downstream derivative
facilities, which has the effect of reducing volatility. It is not possible to
predict accurately the effect that future changes in feedstock costs, market
conditions and other factors (including the cost of crude oil and natural gas)
will have on Equistar's profitability.
Currently, there is overcapacity in the petrochemical and polymer
industries. Moreover, a number of Equistar's competitors in various segments of
the petrochemical and polymer industries have added or are expected to add
capacity. There can be no assurance that future growth in product demand will be
sufficient to utilize this additional, or even current, capacity. Excess
industry capacity has depressed and may continue to depress Equistar's volume
and margins.
Demand for TiO[u]2 is influenced by changes in the gross domestic product of
various regions of the world and has fluctuated from year to year, averaging an
increase of approximately 2.5% per year over the last ten years. The industry is
also sensitive to changes in its customers' marketplaces, which are primarily
the paint and coatings, plastics and paper industries. In recent history,
consolidations and negative business conditions within certain of those
industries have put pressure on TiO[u]2 prices as companies compete to keep
volume placed.
MAJOR FACTORS AFFECTING 2001 RESULTS
Weak demand for TiO[u]2 occurred in all regions of the world. The Company
reduced operating rates at its plants in response to weakening demand,
which increased unit production costs.
TiO[u]2 prices fell during 2001.
The value of the euro, British pound, Brazilian real, and the Australian
dollar declined steadily versus the US dollar, further contributing to
declining sales revenue when translated back to US dollars.
Weak demand coupled with higher natural gas costs and lower operating rates
led to decreased volume and margins in Acetyls. Unfavorable fixed-price
natural gas purchase positions negatively impacted operating profit for
2001 by $19 million.
Conditions in the worldwide fragrance chemical markets remained competitive
due to excess capacity, and volume was negatively affected by the weak
global economy.
At Equistar, the benefits from the lower cost of crude oil and declining
natural gas prices were more than offset by falling product prices and
lower demand.
Higher interest costs were incurred due to higher average debt levels and
the refinancing of credit facilities with more expensive senior notes and
term loans during 2001.
The Company reduced S,D&A costs by $54 million or 27% from 2000.
OUTLOOK FOR 2002
The Company believes the United States economy is beginning to recover and
the pace of economic growth should increase in the second half of 2002. Until
the economy improves, demand will
29
continue to be soft in most world markets for most of the Company's and
Equistar's products, limiting the possibility of increased sales volume or
prices. Economic recovery is expected to be accompanied by a pick-up in demand,
with customers first rebuilding inventory levels depleted during 2001.
In addition, the Company has announced worldwide price increases for TiO[u]2
and Acetyls' principal products during the first quarter of 2002. The Company's
major competitors have also announced price increases. The success of such
increases is dependent on a rebound in demand expected from an economic
turnaround. Contracts with most of the Company's large-volume TiO[u]2 customers
include periods of price protection. Therefore, if the price increases are fully
implemented, the benefits of such price increases may not be fully realized by
the Company for several months.
The level of natural gas prices is critical to Acetyls business segment
profitability in 2002. Natural gas fixed-price purchase contracts entered into
by the Acetyls business segment in 2001 will expire at the end of the first
quarter of 2002. If natural gas prices remain at current levels, the Acetyls
segment operating profit should be favorably impacted in the second quarter of
2002.
Demand and pricing for Specialties' products, on average, are showing some
signs of recovery from a very poor second half of 2001.
Considering these factors and the uncertainty surrounding their outcome, the
Company believes that the fundamentals of its wholly owned businesses during the
first quarter of 2002 will be similar to those in the fourth quarter of 2001.
The continued focus on cost reduction as well as the suspension of goodwill
amortization in accordance with a recently enacted accounting pronouncement
should result in reduced overall costs during the first quarter of 2002.
Equistar expects continued trough conditions in the first quarter of 2002
for the global chemical markets that it serves. Pricing pressures are expected
to continue for the petrochemicals and polymers businesses.
RESULTS OF CONSOLIDATED OPERATIONS
2001 2000 1999
---- ---- ----
(MILLIONS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
Net sales................................................... $1,590 $1,793 $1,589
Operating income............................................ 46 213 168
Equity in (loss) earnings of Equistar....................... (90) 39 (19)
Net (loss) income........................................... (43) 122 (288)
Basic (loss) earnings per share............................. (0.68) 1.90 (4.16)
Diluted (loss) earnings per share........................... (0.68) 1.89 (4.16)
The results for 2001 and 1999 included unusual items. These items should be
considered in the comparison of annual results. The results for 2000 did not
include any unusual items.
Results for 2001 were increased by net after-tax income of $14 million, or
$0.22 per share, for unusual items. The components of unusual items, on a
before- and after-tax basis, were: a benefit from a reduction in the Company's
income tax accruals by $42 million or $0.66 per share due to favorable
developments related to matters reserved for in prior years; $36 million in
reorganization and plant closure charges ($24 million after-tax or $0.38 per
share); and $6 million ($4 million after-tax or $0.06 per share) representing
the Company's share of costs related to the shutdown of Equistar's Port Arthur,
Texas plant.
The provision for reorganization and plant closure costs recorded in 2001
related to reorganization activities within each of the Company's business
segments. During the second quarter of 2001, $31 million was recorded in
connection with the Company's announced decision to indefinitely idle its
sulfate-process TiO[u]2 plant in Hawkins Point, Maryland and reduce its
worldwide workforce by 10%. The $31 million charge includes severance and other
employee-related costs of $19 million for the termination of approximately 400
employees involved in manufacturing, technical, sales and marketing, finance and
administrative support, a $10 million write-down of assets and $2 million in
other costs associated with the idling of the plant. During the first quarter of
2001, the Company announced the closure of its facilities in Cincinnati, Ohio
and recorded reorganization and other charges of $5 million in the Acetyls
segment. These charges included $3 million of severance and other termination
benefits
30
related to the termination of about 35 employees involved in technical,
marketing and administrative activities, as well as $2 million related to the
write-down of assets, lease termination costs and other charges associated with
the Cincinnati facility. The office in Cincinnati was closed during the second
quarter of 2001. Payments of $16 million for severance and related costs and $4
million for other costs related to reorganization and plant closure have been
made during the year ended December 31, 2001.
During 1999, the Company disposed of its remaining partnership interests in
Suburban Propane Partners, L.P. and Suburban Propane, L.P. (collectively
'Suburban Propane') for $75 million, resulting in a gain of approximately $48
million ($38 million after tax or $0.55 per share).
In 1999, results were decreased by net after-tax expense of $351 million, or
$5.07 per share, for unusual items. The components of unusual items, on a
before- and after-tax basis, were: a loss in value of the Equistar interest of
$639 million ($400 million after tax or $5.78 per share); a charge of $28
million ($18 million after tax, or $0.26 per share) for the Company's share of
costs incurred by Equistar associated with a decision to mothball certain
polymer reactors and the consolidation of certain functions at Equistar with
Lyondell income from insurance and legal settlements of $24 million ($15 million
after tax or $0.21 per share); $14 million ($0.20 per share) of tax benefits
related to prior years; a $12 million gain ($5 million after tax or $0.08 per
share) representing the Company's share of Equistar's gain on the sale of its
concentrates and compounds business; charges of $7 million ($5 million after tax
or $0.07 per share) for costs of an early retirement program and the initial
devaluation of Brazil's currency on local debt levels; and the above-mentioned
gain of $48 million ($38 million after tax or $0.55 per share) from the sale of
the Company's interests in Suburban Propane.
RESULTS EXCLUSIVE OF UNUSUAL ITEMS
2001 2000 1999
---- ---- ----
(MILLIONS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
Net sales................................................... $1,590 $1,793 $1,589
Operating Income............................................ 82 213 168
Equity in (loss) earnings of Equistar....................... (84) 39 (3)
Net (loss) income........................................... (57) 122 63
2001 VERSUS 2000
Net sales for 2001 decreased $203 million or 11% from 2000 primarily due to
weak demand in the Titanium Dioxide and Related Products business segment and
declining prices across all business segments. Operating income of $82 million
(excluding the reorganization charge of $36 million) decreased $131 million or
62% from last year. All three business segments were affected by the slowdown in
the global economy. Excluding unusual items, operating income in the Titanium
Dioxide and Related Products segment decreased $65 million or 45% from 2000. The
Titanium Dioxide and Related Products business segment has experienced
competitive pressure on pricing globally, reduced sales volume, and higher
manufacturing costs, primarily caused by lower fixed cost absorption due to
reduced plant operating rates. In the Acetyls business segment, 2001 operating
profit, excluding unusual items, declined by $58 million from 2000. Profits in
the Acetyls business segment decreased 118% from the prior year as the segment
was severely impacted by declining prices during the third and fourth quarters,
the high cost of natural gas during the first quarter as well as the impact of
unfavorable fixed-price natural gas purchase positions entered during the first
quarter which negatively impacted operating profit by $19 million in the last
three quarters of the year. Specialty Chemicals operating profit of $12 million,
excluding unusual items, was down $8 million or 40% from 2000. The Specialty
Chemicals business segment remains under significant competitive pressure.
Excluding the reorganization charge of $36 million, the Company reduced S,D&A
costs by $54 million or 27% from 2000. This significant reduction in S,D&A costs
was achieved through the Company's cost-saving initiatives, which included
benefits from the Company's reorganization and 10% reduction in workforce,
reduced external consultant fees, reduced employee bonuses and travel, and
various other cost reductions.
Excluding unusual items, the Company reported a net loss of $57 million or
$0.90 per share for 2001 compared to net income of $122 million or $1.90 per
share for 2000. The decrease was primarily
31
due to an equity loss from Equistar, excluding unusual items, of $84 million,
compared to equity earnings of $39 million in 2000, and decreased operating
profits in all three business segments.
2000 VERSUS 1999
Net sales for 2000 increased $204 million or 13% from 1999 primarily due to
strong demand for TiO[u]2 in all market areas and strong demand and higher
prices for Acetyls. Operating income increased $45 million or 27% to $213
million. The Titanium Dioxide and Related Products and Acetyls business segments
generated operating income 28% and 81%, respectively, higher than 1999.
Operating income for the Specialty Chemicals business segment was $20 million,
29% lower than 1999. Equity earnings in Equistar increased to $39 million from
a loss of $3 million in 1999, exclusive of unusual items. Basic earnings per
share increased $0.99 to $1.90 in 2000 from what would have been $0.91,
excluding unusual items for 1999.
SEGMENT ANALYSIS
A description of the products and markets for each of the business segments
is included on pages 5 through 11 of this Annual Report. Additional segment
information is included in Note 14 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
TITANIUM DIOXIDE AND RELATED PRODUCTS
2001 2000 1999
---- ---- ----
(MILLIONS)
Net sales................................................... $1,145 $1,355 $1,250
Operating income............................................ 49 144 112
Operating income, excluding unusual items................... 79 144 112
2001 VERSUS 2000
Operating income for 2001 of $79 million (excluding a reorganization charge
of $30 million) decreased $65 million or 45% from the prior year. Net sales
decreased 15% to $1.145 billion. Overall, sales volume was down 11% and average
selling prices were down 5% from the prior year in US dollar terms. In local
currencies, 2001 average selling prices were down 2% from 2000.
Sales volume in 2001 was down compared to 2000 in all three major TiO[u]2
markets: paint and coatings, 10%; plastics, 6%; and paper, 20%. TiO[u]2 sales
volume was also down in all major geographic regions globally. In addition,
TiO[u]2 sales prices were down in all three major markets and in all major
geographic regions globally.
For all of 2001, global economic conditions restricted demand and fueled
competitive pricing situations in all markets, most notably in paint and
coatings and paper. The United States and European paper markets suffered
declining business conditions, adversely affecting TiO[u]2 volume and price into
these markets. These economic and business conditions continued in the fourth
quarter. TiO[u]2 sales volume and price in the fourth quarter of 2001 declined
16% and 9%, respectively, from the fourth quarter of 2000. Operating income for
the segment was $9 million for the fourth quarter of 2001 compared to $21
million in the third quarter of 2001 and $38 million in the fourth quarter of
2000.
The overall operating rate for the Company's TiO[u]2 plants in 2001 was 83%
compared to 93% for the prior year. Production was curtailed in line with
reduced market demand. The Company idled its 44,000 tpa Hawkins Point, Maryland
sulfate-process plant and re-rated its Kemerton, Australia and Ashtabula, Ohio
plants at the end of the third quarter of 2001, reducing annual nameplate
capacity from 712 thousand to 690 thousand metric tons.
The overall TiO[u]2 cost per metric ton increased 1% in 2001. Productivity
and reliability improvements, cost-cutting initiatives, and the benefit of
translating local currency manufacturing costs into a stronger US dollar were
more than offset by lower fixed cost absorption due to decreased production and
by increases in raw material costs compared to the prior year.
32
In 2001, S,D&A costs were $39 million or 24% lower than 2000. This
significant reduction in S,D&A costs was achieved through the Company's
cost-saving initiatives, which included benefits from the Company's
reorganization, reduction in workforce, reduced external consultant fees,
reduced employee bonuses and travel, and various other cost reductions.
As more fully described under Recent Accounting Developments in Note 1 to
the Consolidated Financial Statements, due to the adoption of a new accounting
pronouncement as of January 1, 2002, the amortization of goodwill has been
suspended. Goodwill amortization expense of $2 million was included in Operating
income of the Titanium Dioxide and Related Products business segment in 2001.
OUTLOOK FOR 2002
Market conditions in TiO[u]2 remain very competitive in the currently weak
economic environment. Accordingly, first quarter 2002 operating results are
expected to be similar to the fourth quarter of 2001. Global TiO[u]2 prices at
the start of 2002 were lower than the fourth quarter 2001 average, but price
increases have been announced by most major producers, including the Company.
The Company's announced TiO[u]2 price increases scheduled to become effective
beginning March 1, 2002 are: USD $0.05 per pound in the United States; CAN $0.10
per pound in Canada; euro 150 per metric ton in Western Europe, Eastern Europe,
Middle East and Africa; USD $100 per metric ton in Asia/Pacific; AUS $150 per
metric ton in Australia; USD $100 per metric ton in Latin America; and USD $50
per metric ton in Brazil. The increases were announced to begin to restore
margins, which have become unacceptably poor after more than a year of rapid and
excessive price decreases in all world areas. The success of the implementation
of these increases is dependent upon an increase in downstream customer demand.
Contracts with most of the Company's large-volume TiO[u]2 customers include
periods of price protection. Therefore, if the price increases are fully
implemented, the benefits of such price increases may not be fully realized by
the Company for several months. Demand in 2002 has begun the year weaker than
last year, but better than the end of 2001. The Company will continue to reduce
operating rates at its plants to match market demand with supply and remains
focused on realizing benefits from cost containment measures.
2000 VERSUS 1999
Net sales for 2000 of $1.355 billion increased 8% from $1.250 billion in
1999. Operating income for 2000 of $144 million was $32 million, or 29% higher
than 1999. Strong demand across all regions, except Latin America where demand
was flat, drove increased sales volume.
Sales volume for 2000 increased 9% over 1999. The strongest gains were in
Asia/Pacific (27%) and Europe, including the Middle East and Africa (11%). The
average worldwide selling price for TiO[u]2 was 1% lower than in 1999. Local
currency price increases were successfully implemented in all regions. The most
significant local currency price increases were in Europe (10%) and Asia/Pacific
(18%). However, declines in the value of the euro and the Australian dollar
versus the US dollar more than offset these local currency price increases when
ultimately translated into US dollars for reporting purposes.
The overall operating rate of the Company's TiO[u]2 plants in 2000 was 93%
versus 88% in 1999 based on annual effective capacity of 712 thousand metric
tons. The improvement in the operating rate was due to increases in demand in
most regions and to better plant reliability, principally resulting from the
elimination of operational difficulties experienced during 1999 in connection
with an expansion of capacity and introduction of new technology at the
Stallingborough, United Kingdom facility.
The overall TiO[u]2 cost per metric ton declined 2% in 2000. Productivity
and reliability improvements and the benefit of translating local currency
manufacturing costs into a stronger US dollar more than offset increases in raw
material costs.
33
ACETYLS
2001 2000 1999
---- ---- ----
(MILLIONS)
Net sales................................................... $355 $337 $227
Operating (loss) income..................................... (14) 49 27
Operating (loss) income, excluding unusual items............ (9) 49 27
2001 VERSUS 2000
Acetyls operating loss for 2001 was $9 million (excluding a reorganization
charge of $5 million), a decrease of $58 million or 118% from 2000. Net sales
increased $18 million to $355 million, primarily due to higher prices and higher
VAM sales volume in the first half of the year compared to 2000. The operating
loss in the fourth quarter of 2001 was $10 million compared to a loss of $1
million in the third quarter of 2001 and income of $19 million in the fourth
quarter of 2000 as deteriorating business conditions over the course of 2001
impacted the Acetyls business segment.
The high cost of natural gas compared to the prior year and lower fixed cost
absorption due to decreased operating rates were the primary causes for
decreased profits in 2001. The Company did not enjoy the full benefit of lower
natural gas prices in the last half of the year because of unfavorable fixed-
price purchase positions entered into during the first quarter of 2001 that
negatively impacted operating profit by approximately $19 million for the year.
Additionally, the Acetyls operating profit in 2001 was unfavorably impacted by
approximately $8 million as the tolling arrangement with DuPont restricted the
Company's ability to operate its VAM plant at normal rates and limited external
sales of acetic acid.
Average VAM prices for 2001 decreased 1% from the prior year, while acetic
acid and methanol prices increased 3% and 6%, respectively. With the declining
cost of natural gas, the global economic slowdown, and continued oversupply in
the marketplace, price increases that were achieved during the first half of
2001 were eroded by rapidly falling prices in the second half. VAM volume
increased 9% in 2001 versus the prior year primarily due to the tolling
arrangement with DuPont offset by a generally weaker market. Acetic acid volume
was down 30% for the year 2001, due mainly to reduced merchant sales as a result
of acetic acid shipped to the DuPont facility under the tolling arrangement and
weak demand in the United States and Europe. Methanol volume increased 3% in
2001.
In 2001, S,D&A costs were $13 million or 59% lower than 2000. This
significant reduction was achieved through the Company's cost-saving
initiatives, which included benefits from the Company's reorganization and
reduction in workforce, reduced employee bonuses, and various other cost
reductions.
OUTLOOK FOR 2002
First quarter 2002 results are expected to be similar to the fourth quarter
2001 results. Pricing and demand remain weak. The fixed-price purchase positions
for natural gas expire at the end of the first quarter of 2002. If natural gas
prices remain at current levels, the Acetyls segment operating profit should be
favorably impacted in the second quarter of 2002.
As more fully described under Recent Accounting Developments in Note 1 to
the Consolidated Financial Statements, due to the adoption of a new accounting
pronouncement as of January 1, 2002, the Company expects to report a reduction
in goodwill of $275 million associated with the Acetyls business segment in the
first quarter of 2002 as a charge for the cumulative effect of a change in
accounting principle. Additionally, under the new guidelines, goodwill
amortization will be suspended and no longer included in Operating income of the
Acetyls business segment. Goodwill amortization expense of $11 million was
included in Operating income of the Acetyls business segment in 2001.
2000 VERSUS 1999
Net sales for 2000 of $337 million were 48% above 1999, and operating profit
was 81% higher than 1999, at $49 million. The higher sales and profits were
primarily due to increased demand for VAM, as well as higher selling prices for
all products.
34
Demand for VAM was strong in all regions for all of 2000. Sales volume
increased 24% over 1999 levels, although it began to drop off late in the fourth
quarter of 2000 due to a general slowdown in worldwide business conditions and
the effects of customers' year-end inventory reduction. Selling prices in 2000
increased 27% over 1999.
Acetic acid sales volume declined approximately 2% from 1999 levels.
Domestic volume was down significantly during the first half of 2000 because a
major customer experienced problems at its facility. These lost sales were
partially offset by unplanned sales to one of the Company's competitors.
European sales volume was strong for all of 2000. Overall, selling prices for
2000 were up 24%.
Methanol volume for 2000 was 15% below 1999 primarily due to production
problems at the Company's supplier of syngas. Prices increased during 2000 due
to production problems at several of the Company's competitors and higher
natural gas costs.
SPECIALTY CHEMICALS
2001 2000 1999
---- ---- ----
(MILLIONS)
Net sales................................................... $ 90 $101 $112
Operating income............................................ 11 20 28
Operating income, excluding unusual items................... 12 20 28
2001 VERSUS 2000
Operating income for 2001 was $12 million (excluding a reorganization charge
of $1 million), a decrease of $8 million or 40% from the prior year. Net sales
decreased 11% to $90 million. Fourth quarter 2001 operating income was $1
million compared to $3 million in both the third quarter of 2001 and the fourth
quarter of 2000.
Average selling prices were down 3% from 2000. Competitive conditions in the
fragrance chemical market adversely impacted prices, as did the continued
strength of the US dollar. Sales volume was down 9% from 2000 as a result of
competitive conditions and the global economic slowdown. The fourth quarter of
the year was particularly soft, resulting from global economic uncertainty.
The average cost of CST, the principal raw material for the business,
remained relatively level with the prior year.
In 2001, S,D&A costs were $2 million or 13% lower than 2000. This
significant reduction was achieved through the Company's cost-saving
initiatives, which included benefits from the Company's reorganization and
various other cost reductions.
OUTLOOK FOR 2002
The market for fragrance chemicals remains competitive and this situation
continues to be exacerbated by the strong US dollar. Even so, price increases
were enacted for most fragrance chemical offerings, as well as for most cleaners
and solvents. After the very difficult year in 2001, some volume recovery is
expected in 2002. In addition, new product development efforts continue, with a
new cooling agent and a new flavor chemical being launched at the beginning of
2002. CST costs are expected to remain flat for the first quarter of 2002, due
to the unfavorable conditions in the broader market for that feedstock.
2000 VERSUS 1999
The worldwide fragrance chemicals business remained very competitive during
2000 due to industry overcapacity. Net sales declined 10% to $101 million from
$112 million in 1999. Operating profits declined 29% to $20 million from
$28 million in 1999. Sales volume increased 10% in 2000, primarily due to higher
sales of lower margin products.
Average selling prices for 2000 declined 18% from 1999. The decline in the
value of the euro and industry overcapacity placed significant pressure on the
Specialty Chemicals business segment to reduce prices.
35
The average cost of CST was $0.85 per gallon versus $1.27 per gallon in
1999.
EQUISTAR
2001 2000 1999
---- ---- ----
(MILLIONS)
Equity in (loss) earnings of Equistar....................... $(90) $39 $(19)
Equity in (loss) earnings of Equistar -- excluding unusual
items..................................................... (84) 39 (2)
2001 VERSUS 2000
An equity loss of $84 million (excluding a $6 million charge representing
the Company's share of costs related to the shutdown of Equistar's Port Arthur,
Texas plant) was recorded in 2001 compared to equity income of $39 million in
2000. Equistar reported a net loss for 2001 of $283 million compared to net
income of $153 million for 2000. Operating profits were lower than the prior
year in the petrochemicals segment, whose primary product is ethylene.
Equistar's other segment experienced operating losses similar to those incurred
in 2000. Overall, lower demand and selling prices were only partially offset by
lower costs. Additionally, Equistar's interest costs increased by $7 million in
2001 compared to 2000.
Petrochemicals segment operating profit for 2001 was 60% below the prior
year. Sales volume for this segment decreased by 12% from the prior year, while
the average selling price dropped 15% year over year. Cost of sales for this
segment decreased 19% compared to the prior year. The effect of the decrease in
sales volume and lower average raw material costs was partly offset by decreases
in co-product prices. Benchmark crude oil prices, which affect the cost of raw
materials, averaged 14% lower in 2001 compared to 2000, while benchmark prices
for co-product propylene averaged 23% lower in 2001 compared to 2000.
OUTLOOK FOR 2002
Weak business conditions for the industry have continued through February
2002, and so far there has been no evidence of solid demand growth in Equistar's
markets that would indicate dramatic change. Equistar expects continued trough
conditions in the first quarter of 2002 for the global chemical markets it
serves. Pricing pressures are expected to continue for the petrochemicals and
polymers businesses.
As described more thoroughly under Recent Accounting Developments in Note 1
to the Consolidated Financial Statements, due to the adoption of a new
accounting pronouncement as of January 1, 2002, Equistar expects to report an
impairment of goodwill in the first quarter of 2002. The expected write-off
would require an adjustment of approximately $30 million to reduce the carrying
value of the Company's investment in Equistar. Under the new guidelines,
goodwill amortization will be suspended. The Company's share of Equistar's
goodwill amortization expense for 2001 included in Equity in (loss) earnings on
Equistar was approximately $10 million.
2000 VERSUS 1999
Business conditions at Equistar, which declined slightly in the fourth
quarter of 1999, continued to decline in the first quarter of 2000. The second
quarter of 2000 and the early third quarter began to improve as product pricing
increased and feedstock costs stabilized. Late in the third quarter, however,
rising crude oil and natural gas prices, as well as declining ethylene and
polymer selling prices, led to trough-like conditions in the fourth quarter of
2000 and into 2001.
Equistar's net income for 2000 increased from $32 million in 1999 to $153
million in 2000. Ethylene sales volume declined 3% from 1999 levels. Sales
volume for the first half of 2000 exceeded 1999 levels, but fell in the second
half of the year. Average selling prices increased steadily throughout the first
half of 2000, peaked in the second quarter and then declined throughout the
remainder of the year. Average selling prices for ethylene increased 38% in
2000.
36
Polymer sales volume declined 2% from 1999 levels. Although selling prices
increased 10-15% on average from 1999 levels, margins were negatively impacted
by the significantly higher cost of ethylene.
Feedstock costs were volatile during the year. Crude oil prices started the
year at $26 per barrel and peaked at $34 per barrel in November 2000. The steep
increase in natural gas prices during the second half of the year also had a
significant negative impact on profits.
INTEREST EXPENSE
2001 2000 1999
---- ---- ----
(MILLIONS)
Interest expense, net....................................... $ 82 $ 77 $ 69
During 2001, interest expense, net of interest income, increased $5 million
to $82 million from $77 million in the prior year. Included in determining
interest expense for 2001 is a benefit of approximately $5 million from interest
rate swap agreements. The gross increase in interest expense (excluding the $5
million benefit from the swap agreements) was due to higher average debt levels
throughout the year compared to the prior year and the higher cost of debt due
to the Company's refinancing of debt described below in Liquidity and Capital
Resources, which included the issuance of seven-year notes at 9.25%. Interest
expense, net in 2000 was $77 million versus $69 million in 1999, primarily due
to slightly higher debt levels.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
The Company has historically financed its operations primarily through cash
generated from its operations and cash distributions from Equistar. Cash
generated from operations is to a large extent dependent on economic, financial,
competitive and other factors affecting the Company's businesses. The amount of
cash distributions received from Equistar are affected by its results of
operations and current and expected future cash flow requirements. The Company
did not receive any cash distributions from Equistar during 2001 and it is
unlikely the Company will receive any cash distributions from Equistar in 2002.
Cash provided by operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2001
was $112 million compared to $20 million provided in the year ended
December 31, 2000. The increase was due to favorable changes in working capital,
primarily favorable movements in accounts receivable, inventory, and accounts
payable during 2001. The Company also made a large unusual payment of legacy tax
liabilities in 2000, which did not recur in 2001. Aggressive efforts in 2001 to
collect accounts receivable, reduce raw materials inventory levels and extend
vendor terms resulted in cash generation of $137 million in 2001.
Cash used in investing activities in the year ended December 31, 2001 was
$78 million compared to $23 million used in 2000. The Company spent
approximately $97 million in 2001 for capital expenditures, down from $110
million in 2000, and received $19 million in proceeds from sales of Property,
plant and equipment (including proceeds of $17 million from the Research Center
Sale Leaseback transaction more fully described in Note 3 to the Consolidated
Financial Statements) in 2001 compared to $4 million in the prior year. There
were no distributions from Equistar in 2001, while $83 million was received
during 2000.
Cash used in financing activities was $22 million in the year ended 2001
compared to $7 million provided in 2000. Financing activities in 2001 included
$13 million of net debt proceeds, while 2000 included $107 million of net debt
proceeds and $65 million used for the repurchase of Common Stock. Dividends paid
to shareholders totaled $35 million in both years.
In 2000, the Company's cash flows from operations decreased slightly to $20
million versus $23 million in 1999. Cash flow was negatively impacted by
increases in trade receivables and inventories, as well as decreases in accrued
expenses and other liabilities. Capital expenditures for 2000 were $110 million,
which were $1 million more than 1999. Distributions from Equistar were $83
million, 11% more than in 1999. Cash flows from investing activities in 1999
included proceeds from the transactions with Linde relating to the Company's
syngas unit and methanol production facility and the sale of the Suburban
Propane investment, of $123 million and $75 million, respectively. In 2000, the
Company paid
37
$151 million in taxes and interest to settle certain issues relating to the tax
years 1986 through 1988. In addition, the Company utilized $65 million to
repurchase shares of outstanding Common Stock, as described below.
During 2001, the Company refinanced $425 million of borrowings and paid
refinancing expenses of $11 million with the combined proceeds of a new
five-year credit agreement (the 'Credit Agreement'), which provided a $175
million revolving credit facility and $125 million in term loans, and the
issuance of $275 million aggregate principal amount of 9.25% Senior Notes due
June 15, 2008 (the '9.25% Senior Notes'). At December 31, 2001, $157 million was
available under the revolving credit facility. The Credit Agreement contains
various restrictive covenants and requires that the Company meet certain
financial performance criteria.
The financial covenants in the Credit Agreement include a Leverage Ratio and
an Interest Coverage Ratio. The Leverage Ratio is the ratio of total
indebtedness to cumulative EBITDA for the prior four fiscal quarters, each as
defined. The Interest Coverage Ratio is the ratio of cumulative EBITDA for the
prior four fiscal quarters to Net Interest Expense, for the same period, each as
defined. In the fourth quarter of 2001, the Company requested and obtained an
amendment to these and certain other covenants given the difficult business
environment at the time, which continued in early 2002. The Company was in
compliance with these amended covenants at December 31, 2001. The Company is
required to maintain a Leverage Ratio of no more than 6.75 to 1.00 for the first
and second quarters of 2002, 6.50 to 1.00 for the third quarter of 2002 and 6.00
to 1.00 for the fourth quarter of 2002 and an Interest Coverage Ratio of no less
than 2.00 to 1.00 for all quarters of 2002. If economic and business conditions
improve during 2002, as expected, it is likely that such covenant requirements
will be met by the Company. However, if such conditions do not improve and the
Company operates at similar levels as in the fourth quarter of 2001, the Company
may be required to request either a waiver of or an amendment to one or both of
these financial covenants. The Company believes it would be able to obtain such
waiver or amendment if required. This situation is monitored frequently in order
to assess the likelihood of such compliance.
The indenture governing the Company's $500 million aggregate principal
amount of 7.00% Senior Notes due November 15, 2006 (the '7.00% Senior Notes')
and $250 million aggregate principal amount of 7.625% Senior Debentures due
November 15, 2026 (the '7.625% Senior Debentures') allows the Company to grant
security on loans of up to 15% of Consolidated Net Tangible Assets, as defined,
of Millennium America, Inc. ('Millennium America'), a wholly owned indirect
subsidiary of the Company. Any reduction in Consolidated Net Tangible Assets
below $1.933 billion would reduce the Company's availability under the revolving
credit portion of the Credit Agreement.
The indenture governing the Company's 9.25% Senior Notes includes a
Consolidated Coverage Ratio, defined as the ratio of the aggregate amount of
EBITDA, as defined, for the four most recent fiscal quarters to Consolidated
Interest Expense, as defined for the four most recent fiscal quarters. If this
ratio were to cease to be greater than 2.00 to 1.00, there would be certain
restrictions on the Company's ability to incur additional indebtedness and the
Company's ability to pay dividends would be limited.
At December 31, 2001, the Company was in compliance with all covenants in
the Credit Agreement as amended, and in the indentures governing the 9.25%
Senior Notes, 7.00% Senior Notes and 7.625% Senior Debentures.
In the ordinary course of business, the Company enters into contractual
obligations to purchase raw materials and utilities for fixed or minimum
amounts. Following is a schedule that shows unconditional purchase obligations
with terms greater than one year as well as certain other contractual
obligations with terms greater than one year:
38
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 THEREAFTER TOTAL
---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---------- -----
(MILLIONS)
Long-Term Debt.................... $ 11 $ 11 $ 9 $ 59 $566 $ 527 $1,183
Operating Leases.................. 19 17 15 13 11 99 174
VAM Toll.......................... 55 57 59 64 61 - 296
Unconditional Purchase
Obligations..................... 176 184 141 109 85 831 1,526
---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ------ ------
Total Contractual
Obligations................. $261 $269 $224 $245 $723 $1,457 $3,179
---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ------ ------
---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ------ ------
The Company is currently rated BBB- by S&P and Ba1 by Moody's. The
Company's investment grade rating was placed on negative outlook by S&P on
October 1, 2001. If the Company were to be downgraded by S&P, the Company could
be required to cash collateralize the mark-to-market positions of certain
derivative instruments. Based on current market prices of these instruments, the
Company could be required to place an additional $8 million on deposit with the
counterparty of these transactions. In addition, the Company could be required
to provide a $2.5 million letter of credit in accordance with a real estate
lease. Obtaining this letter of credit could result in an equal reduction of
availability under the revolving credit portion of the Credit Agreement.
The Company's focus in 2002 is to continue to reduce costs, working capital
levels and capital spending. The Company believes these efforts, as necessary,
along with the borrowing availability under the Credit Agreement, will be
sufficient to fund the Company's cash requirements until business conditions
improve. At March 27, 2002, the Company had $68 million outstanding (outstanding
borrowings of $60 million and outstanding letters of credit of $8 million) of
the maximum available credit line of $175 million under the revolving credit
portion of the Credit Agreement and $115 million outstanding under the term loan
portion of the Credit Agreement.
On March 27, 2002, the Company completed a European accounts receivable
securitization transaction. Proceeds from this transaction were approximately
$43 million and will be used, primarily, to pay down debt outstanding under the
Credit Agreement.
SHARE REPURCHASE PROGRAMS
In January 1999, the Board of Directors authorized the Company to spend up
to $200 million to repurchase Common Stock. This program was completed in
October 1999 with a total of 8,893,600 shares repurchased, representing over 10%
of total outstanding shares. In March 2000, the Board of Directors authorized
the repurchase of up to 3,500,000 additional shares. This stock repurchase
program was completed in June 2000 with a total of 3,500,000 shares repurchased,
representing 5% of the total shares outstanding at the beginning of the year.
CAPITAL EXPENDITURES
2001 2000 1999
---- ---- ----
(MILLIONS)
Additions to property, plant and equipment.................. $97 $110 $109
Capital spending for 2001 was $97 million compared to depreciation and
amortization of $110 million. The 12% decrease in capital spending from 2000
reflects the Company's current focus on optimization of its capital base. Major
expenditures included continuation of projects begun in 2000, including design
and installation of a dredge and certain related processing equipment in
Mataraca, Paraiba, Brazil and the installation of new TiO[u]2 packaging
equipment, as well as environmental improvement projects at the Company's
TiO[u]2 manufacturing locations in France. In addition, expenditures included
cost reduction and yield improvement projects at various sites. Planned capital
spending in 2002 is expected to be reduced further in alignment with the
Company's Operational Excellence strategy to optimize its current capital asset
base and maintain disciplined capital investment focused primarily on safety,
environmental and cost reduction projects, and is currently estimated between
$60 and $70 million.
39
Capital expenditures in 2000 totaled $110 million, which was similar to 1999
levels. Significant capital expenditures during 2000 included multi-year
projects, such as the design and installation of new packaging equipment at
several of the Company's TiO[u]2 manufacturing facilities and the dredge project
at the Company's raw material mine in Mataraca, Paraiba, Brazil. Expenditures
also included various cost reduction and yield improvement projects in all of
the businesses.
Capital expenditures in 1999 totaled $109 million, a 49% decrease from 1998.
Additions to plant and equipment in 1999 were largely in support of completing
the SAP-based enterprise resource planning system implementation worldwide,
excluding Brazil; creating a new research and technology center; and various
cost reduction and yield improvement projects in all the business units. The
Company spent $98 million over the course of 1999 and 1998 related to the
implementation of the SAP-based enterprise resource planning system. In
connection with this implementation, $80 million of costs were capitalized, and
$18 million of costs were expensed.
FINANCING AND CAPITAL STRUCTURE
Net debt (short-term and long-term debt less cash) at December 31, 2001
totaled $1.073 billion versus $1.090 billion at the end of 2000. At December 31,
2001, the Company had approximately $167 million of unused availability under
short-term uncommitted lines of credit and its Credit Agreement.
Millennium America has entered into an indemnity agreement with Equistar
pursuant to which Millennium America may be required to contribute to Equistar
an amount equal to up to the lesser of $750 million or the sum of the principal
amount outstanding under the term loan portion of Equistar's credit facility
(not to exceed $275 million) and Equistar's 10.125% Senior Notes due 2008 (not
to exceed $475 million), in each case together with interest. However, pursuant
to the terms of this indemnity agreement, the Company is only required to pay
this amount to Equistar if the lenders under such credit facility or the holders
of such Senior Notes have not been able to obtain payment after pursuing and
exhausting all their remedies against Equistar, including the liquidation of
Equistar's assets. The indemnity expressly does not create any right in favor
of such lenders or such holders or any person other than Millennium America,
Equistar and the partners in Equistar. The indemnity may be amended or
terminated at any time by the agreement of the partners in Equistar without the
consent of the lenders under such credit facility or the holders of such Senior
Notes. The indemnity agreement was entered into in 2001 to replace a prior
guarantee by Millennium America of up to $750 million of Equistar's debt.
The indemnity will remain in effect indefinitely but at any time after
December 31, 2004 Millennium America may, without the consent of the other
partners in Equistar, elect to terminate the indemnity if certain conditions are
met, including financial ratios and covenants relating to Equistar. In addition,
Millennium America may, without the consent of the other partners in Equistar,
elect to terminate the indemnity in the event the Company sells its interests in
the subsidiaries that directly hold the partnership interests of Equistar or if
those subsidiaries sell their interests in Equistar, provided a financial
condition relating to Equistar is met.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND LITIGATION MATTERS
Certain subsidiaries of the Company have been named as defendants, PRPs or
both in a number of environmental proceedings, including the Kalamazoo River
site for which a study group of which the Company's subsidiary is a member
has proposed a long term remedy at a total collective cost of approximately $73
million. In addition, the Company and various of its subsidiaries are defendants
in a number of other pending legal proceedings relating to present and former
operations. These include proceedings alleging injurious exposure of the
plaintiffs to various chemicals and other materials on the premises of, or
manufactured by, the Company's current and former subsidiaries; cases alleging
historic premises-based exposure to asbestos-containing materials at various
worksites; and, cases alleging personal injury, property damage and remediation
costs associated with use of lead in paint. Typically, such proceedings involve
claims made by many plaintiffs against many defendants in the chemical industry.
With respect to the non-environmental legal proceedings referred to above,
the Company believes that it has valid defenses and intends to defend them
vigorously. However, litigation is subject to uncertainties and the Company is
unable to guarantee the outcome of these proceedings. As discussed
40
in more detail under 'Critical Accounting Policies -- Environmental Liabilities,
Legal and Tax Matters' below, the Company believes that the reasonably probable
and estimable range of potential liability for such contingencies collectively,
which primarily relates to environmental remediation activities and other
environmental proceedings, is between $80 million and $90 million and has
accured $83 million as of December 31, 2001. The Company expects that cash
expenditures related to these potential liabilities will not be concentrated in
any single year and, based on information currently available, the Company does
not expect the outcome of these proceedings, either individually or in the
aggregate, will have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial
position, results of operations or cash flows of the Company. See Note 13 to the
Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Annual Report.
INFLATION
The financial statements are presented on a historical cost basis. While the
United States inflation rate has been modest for several years, the Company
operates in many international areas with both inflation and currency
instability. The ability to pass on inflation costs is an uncertainty due to
general economic conditions and competitive situations.
FOREIGN CURRENCY MATTERS
The functional currency of each of the Company's non-United States
operations (principally, the Company's TiO[u]2 operations in the United Kingdom,
France, Brazil and Australia) is the local currency. Consolidated Shareholders'
equity decreased approximately $13 million in 2001, $46 million in 2000, and $46
million in 1999, as a result of translating subsidiary financial statements into
US dollars. The 1999 devaluation of Brazil's currency, the real, had a $6
million negative impact on the Company's consolidated operations despite a
majority of sales in Brazil being referenced to US dollar prices. Future events,
which may significantly increase or decrease the risk of future movements in
foreign currencies in which the Company conducts business, cannot be predicted.
The Company generates revenue from export sales and revenue from operations
conducted outside the United States that may be denominated in currencies other
than the relevant functional currency. Revenues earned outside the United States
accounted for 54%, 51% and 51% of total revenues in 2001, 2000 and 1999,
respectively. These revenues were denominated in US dollars as well as other
currencies.
Net foreign currency transaction losses aggregated $7 million in 2001, $4
million in 2000 and $9 million in 1999.
DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES
As more fully described in Note 8 to the Consolidated Financial Statements
included in this Annual Report, the Company is exposed to market risk, such as
changes in currency exchange rates, interest rates and commodity pricing, and
manages these exposures by selectively entering into derivative transactions
pursuant to the Company's policies for hedging practices. The counterparties to
the derivative financial instruments entered by the Company are
high-credit-quality institutions. The Company does not hold or issue derivative
financial instruments for speculative or trading purposes.
Derivative contracts outstanding at December 31, 2001 were as follows:
41
FOREIGN CURRENCY FORWARD CONTRACTS
NOTIONAL AMOUNT UNREALIZED WEIGHTED AVERAGE
(US$ EQUIVALENT)(1) GAIN/(LOSS)(2) SETTLEMENT PRICE
------------------- -------------- ----------------
(DOLLARS, IN MILLIONS)
LESS THAN 1 YEAR
Receive US$/Pay AUS$...... $ 19 $ - 0.5089 US$/AUS$
Receive AUS$/Pay US$...... 51 1 0.4969 US$/AUS$
Receive US$/Pay euro...... 4 - 0.9017 US$/euro
Receive GPB/Pay euro...... 111 2 0.6233 GBP/euro
Receive US$/Pay GBP....... 39 (1) 1.4380 US$/GBP
Receive GBP/Pay JPY....... 1 - 169.0300 JPY/GBP
Receive GBP/Pay US$....... 9 - 1.4488 US$/GBP
Receive euro/Pay US$...... 4 - 0.8819 US$/euro
----
$ 2
1-2 YEARS
Receive US$/Pay GBP....... $ 29 $ - 1.4158 US$/GBP
----
Total $ 2
----
----
---------
(1) US$ equivalent was determined based upon currency exchange rates at December
31, 2001.
(2) As of December 31, 2001.
COMMODITY DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS
UNREALIZED WEIGHTED AVERAGE
NOTIONAL AMOUNT GAIN/(LOSS)(1) SETTLEMENT PRICE
--------------- -------------- ----------------
(DOLLARS, IN MILLIONS)
LESS THAN 1 YEAR Pay $4.42/mmbtu,
Natural Gas Swap receive NYMEX
Contracts.......... $ 1 $ (1) settlement
2-3 YEARS Pay $5.01/mmbtu,
Natural Gas Swap receive NYMEX
Contracts.......... 17 (9) settlement
----
Total $(10)
----
----
---------
(1) As of December 31, 2001.
NON-DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND OTHER MARKET-RELATED RISKS
See Note 9 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Annual
Report.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES
The preparation of the Company's financial statements requires management to
apply generally accepted accounting principles to the Company's specific
circumstances and make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount
of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, the
disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial
statements and reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting
period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
The Company considers the following accounting policies to be critical to
the preparation of the Company's financial statements:
Environmental Liabilities, Legal and Tax Matters -- The Company periodically
reviews matters associated with potential environmental obligations, legal
matters and tax claims brought against the Company, its subsidiaries and
predecessor companies and evaluates, accounts, reports and discloses these
matters in accordance with Statement of
42
Financial Accounting Standards ('SFAS') No. 5 'Accounting for Contingencies'
('SFAS No. 5'). In order to make estimates of liabilities, the Company's
evaluation of and judgments about environmental obligations, legal matters and
tax claims are based upon the individual facts and circumstances relevant to the
particular matters and include advice from legal counsel, if applicable. The
Company establishes reserves by recording charges to its results of operations
for loss contingencies that are considered probable (the future event or events
are likely to occur) and for which the amount of loss can be reasonably
estimated. When the amount of loss can only be reasonably estimated within a
range of loss, the Company records a minimum reserve for the loss contingency at
the low end of the range but also applies judgment to specific matters as to
whether an amount within the range is a better estimate than any other amount.
If an amount within the range is considered to be a better estimate of the loss,
the Company records this amount as its reserve for the loss contingency.
Reserves are exclusive of claims against third parties, except where payment has
been received or the amount of liability or contribution by such other parties,
including insurance companies, has been agreed, and are not discounted. Loss
contingencies that are not considered probable or that cannot be reasonably
estimated are disclosed in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements,
either individually or in the aggregate, if there is a reasonable possibility
that a loss may be incurred and if the amount of possible loss could have a
significant impact on the Company's consolidated financial position, results
of operations or cash flows. Loss contingencies that are considered remote (the
chance of the future event or events occurring is slight) are not typically
disclosed unless the Company believes the potential loss to be extremely
significant to its consolidated financial position and results of operations.
Goodwill -- Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the
fair value of net assets allocated to acquired companies. Through December 31,
2001, goodwill was amortized using the straight-line method over 40 years in
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and management
evaluated goodwill for impairment based on the anticipated future cash flows
attributable to its operations in accordance with SFAS No. 121 'Accounting for
the Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and Long-Lived Assets to be Disposed of'
('SFAS No. 121'). Such expected cash flows, on an undiscounted basis, are
compared to the carrying value of the tangible and intangible assets, and if
impairment is indicated, the carrying value of goodwill is adjusted. In the
opinion of management, no impairment of goodwill existed at December 31, 2001
under SFAS No. 121. In July 2001, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the
'FASB') issued SFAS No. 142, 'Goodwill and Intangible Assets' ('SFAS No. 142')
which applies to all goodwill and intangible assets acquired in a business
combination. Under this new standard, all goodwill, including goodwill acquired
before initial application of the standard, will not be amortized but must be
tested for impairment at least annually at the reporting unit level, as defined
in the standard. Amortization expense for goodwill that is recorded in the
Company's balance sheet was $13 million for 2001. Additionally, the Company's
share of amortization expense reported by Equistar for its goodwill, included in
Equity in (loss) earnings of Equistar, was $10 million for 2001. This new
standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2001. The
Company must adopt this standard on January 1, 2002. The Company expects to
report a charge for the cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle of
approximately $275 million in the first quarter of 2002 to write off goodwill
related to its Acetyls business in accordance with SFAS No. 142. Additionally,
Equistar expects to report an impairment of goodwill in the first quarter of
2002 in accordance with SFAS No. 142. The expected write-off at Equistar would
require an adjustment of approximately $30 million to reduce the carrying value
of the Company's investment in Equistar, which the Company will also report as a
charge for the cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle.
Equity Interest in Equistar -- The Company has evaluated the carrying value
of its investment in Equistar at December 31, 2001 using assumptions that
anticipate a long-term holding value for the Equistar investment based upon
anticipated future cash flows. Valuation of the Equistar investment under a
current sale scenario could result in a different value. As described in Equity
Interest in Equistar in Item 1 in this Annual Report, Lyondell and Occidental
have agreed in principle on a transaction whereby Occidental would sell its
29.5% interest in Equistar to Lyondell. The value of this transaction is based
on facts and circumstances significantly different from those surrounding the
Company's interest in Equistar and therefore such value cannot be viewed to
represent similar value for the Company's investment in Equistar. There can be
no assurance that the proposed transaction will be completed. See
43
Equity Interest in Equistar; Management of Equistar; Agreements between
Equistar, Lyondell, Occidental and the Company. The carrying value of the
Company's investment in Equistar at December 31, 2001 was $677 million.
RECENT ACCOUNTING DEVELOPMENTS
See the discussion under the caption 'Recent Accounting Developments' in
Note 1 to Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Annual Report.
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
See Note 8 to Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Annual
Report for discussion of the Company's management of foreign currency exposure,
commodity price risk and interest rate risk through its use of derivative
instruments and hedging activities and Derivative Instruments and Hedging
Activities in Item 7 in this Annual Report.
44
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.:
In our opinion, the consolidated balance sheets and the related consolidated
statements of operations, cash flows, and changes in shareholders' equity
present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Millennium
Chemicals Inc. and its subsidiaries (the 'Company') at December 31, 2001 and
2000, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the
three years in the period ended December 31, 2001 in conformity with accounting
principles generally accepted in the United States of America. In addition, in
our opinion, the supplemental financial information and financial statement
schedule listed in the index appearing under Item 14(A) on page 73 present
fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein when read in
conjunction with the related consolidated financial statements. These financial
statements, supplemental financial information and financial statement schedule
are the responsibility of the Company's management; our responsibility is to
express an opinion on these financial statements, supplemental financial
information and financial statement schedule based on our audits. We conducted
our audits of these statements in accordance with auditing standards generally
accepted in the United States of America, which require that we plan and perform
the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements
are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis,
evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements,
assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We
believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
PRICEWATERHOUSECOOPERS LLP
Florham Park, NJ
January 25, 2002
45
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
AS OF DECEMBER 31,
-------------------------------------------------------------
2001 2000
---- ----
(MILLIONS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
ASSETS
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents............................... $ 114 $ 107
Trade receivables, net.................................. 215 306
Inventories............................................. 370 373
Other current assets.................................... 61 101
------ ------
Total current assets................................ 760 887
Property, plant and equipment, net.......................... 880 957
Investment in Equistar...................................... 677 760
Deferred income taxes....................................... 72 -
Other assets................................................ 237 225
Goodwill.................................................... 378 391
------ ------
Total assets.................................... $3,004 $3,220
------ ------
------ ------
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities
Notes payable........................................... $ 4 $ 39
Current maturities of long-term debt.................... 11 391
Trade accounts payable.................................. 222 165
Income taxes payable.................................... 7 -
Accrued expenses and other liabilities.................. 139 188
------ ------
Total current liabilities........................... 383 783
Long-term debt.............................................. 1,172 767
Deferred income taxes....................................... - 19
Other liabilities........................................... 550 646
------ ------
Total liabilities................................... 2,105 2,215
------ ------
Commitments and contingencies (Note 13)
Minority interest........................................... 21 22
Shareholders' equity
Preferred stock (par value $.01 per share, authorized
25,000,000 shares, none issued and outstanding)....... - -
Common stock (par value $.01 per share, authorized
225,000,000 shares; issued 77,896,586 shares in 2001
and 2000)............................................. 1 1
Paid in capital......................................... 1,299 1,326
Retained (deficit) earnings............................. (20) 55
Unearned restricted shares.............................. - (25)
Cumulative other comprehensive loss..................... (136) (107)
Treasury stock, at cost (14,594,614 and 13,747,228
shares in 2001 and 2000, respectively)................ (283) (282)
Deferred compensation................................... 17 15
------ ------
Total shareholders' equity.......................... 878 983
------ ------
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity...... $3,004 $3,220
------ ------
------ ------
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
46
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
-------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
---- ---- ----
(MILLIONS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
Net sales................................................... $1,590 $1,793 $ 1,589
Operating costs and expenses
Cost of products sold................................... 1,252 1,267 1,112
Depreciation and amortization........................... 110 113 105
Selling, development and administrative expense......... 146 200 204
Reorganization and plant closure costs.................. 36 - -
------ ------ -------
Operating income.................................... 46 213 168
Interest expense............................................ (85) (80) (72)
Interest income............................................. 3 3 3
Equity in (loss) earnings of Equistar....................... (90) 39 (19)
Other income, net........................................... 1 14 29
Loss in value of Equistar investment........................ - - (639)
------ ------ -------
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes
and minority interest..................................... (125) 189 (530)
Benefit (provision) for income taxes........................ 86 (60) 209
------ ------ -------
(Loss) income from continuing operations before minority
interest.................................................. (39) 129 (321)
Minority interest........................................... (4) (7) (5)
------ ------ -------
(Loss) income from continuing operations.................... (43) 122 (326)
Income from discontinued operations (net of income taxes of
$10)...................................................... - - 38
------ ------ -------
Net (loss) income........................................... $ (43) $ 122 $ (288)
------ ------ -------
------ ------ -------
(Loss) income per share from continuing operations.......... $(0.68) $ 1.90 $ (4.71)
------ ------ -------
Income per share from discontinued operations............... - - 0.55
------ ------ -------
(Loss) income per share -- basic............................ $(0.68) $ 1.90 $ (4.16)
------ ------ -------
(Loss) income per share -- diluted.......................... $(0.68) $ 1.89 $ (4.16)
------ ------ -------
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
47
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
---------------------------
2001 2000 1999
---- ---- ----
(MILLIONS)
Cash flows from operating activities
(Loss) income from continuing operations................ $ (43) $ 122 $(326)
Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash
provided by operating activities
Write-off of assets related to plant closure.......... 10 - -
Depreciation and amortization......................... 110 113 105
Loss in value of Equistar investment.................. - - 639
Deferred income tax (benefit) provision............... (54) 36 (247)
Non-cash income tax benefit........................... (42) - -
Restricted stock amortization and adjustments, net.... 1 (6) 8
Equity in loss (earnings) of Equistar................. 90 (39) 19
Minority interest..................................... 4 7 5
Changes in assets and liabilities (net of
dispositions):
Decrease (increase) in trade receivables............ 83 (52) (29)
Increase in inventories............................. (10) (30) (43)
Decrease (increase) in other current assets......... 30 24 (11)
Increase in investments and other assets............ (19) (18) (27)
Increase in trade accounts payable.................. 64 19 45
(Decrease) increase in accrued expenses and other
liabilities and income taxes payable.............. (35) (93) 31
Decrease in other liabilities....................... (77) (63) (146)
----- ----- -----
Cash provided by operating activities................. 112 20 23
----- ----- -----
Cash flows from investing activities
Capital expenditures.................................... (97) (110) (109)
Distributions from Equistar............................. - 83 75
Proceeds from syngas transaction........................ - - 123
Proceeds from sale of Suburban Propane investment....... - - 75
Proceeds from sales of property, plant & equipment...... 19 4 13
----- ----- -----
Cash (used in) provided by investing activities....... (78) (23) 177
----- ----- -----
Cash flows from financing activities
Dividends to shareholders............................... (35) (35) (38)
Repurchases of common stock............................. - (65) (200)
Proceeds from long-term debt............................ 783 311 118
Repayment of long-term debt............................. (736) (187) (93)
(Decrease) increase in notes payable.................... (34) (17) 27
----- ----- -----
Cash (used in) provided by financing activities....... (22) 7 (186)
----- ----- -----
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash..................... (5) (7) (7)
----- ----- -----
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents............ 7 (3) 7
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year.............. 107 110 103
----- ----- -----
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year.................... $ 114 $ 107 $ 110
----- ----- -----
----- ----- -----
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
48
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
COMMON STOCK
-------------------- PAID RETAINED UNEARNED
OUTSTANDING TREASURY DEFERRED IN EARNINGS RESTRICTED
SHARES AMOUNT STOCK COMPENSATION CAPITAL (DEFICIT) SHARES
------ ------ ----- ------------ ------- --------- ------
(MILLIONS)
Balance at December 31, 1998......... 76 $ 1 $ (7) $ 7 $1,333 $ 294 $(35)
Comprehensive income
Net loss............................ - - - - - (288) -
Other comprehensive loss
Currency translation adjustment... - - - - - - -
--- --- ----- --- ------ ----- ----
Total comprehensive loss............. - - - - - (288) -
Amortization and adjustment of
unearned restricted shares.......... 1 - - - 1 - 7
Shares repurchased................... (9) - (200) - - - -
Shares purchased by employee benefit
plan trusts......................... - - (3) 3 - - -
Options exercised.................... - - - - 1 - -
Dividend to shareholders............. - - - - - (38) -
--- --- ----- --- ------ ----- ----
Balance at December 31, 1999......... 68 1 (210) 10 1,335 (32) (28)
Comprehensive income (loss)
Net income.......................... - - - - - 122 -
Other comprehensive loss
Currency translation adjustment... - - - - - - -
--- --- ----- --- ------ ----- ----
Total comprehensive income (loss).... - - - - - 122 -
Amortization and adjustment of
unearned restricted shares.......... - - - - (9) - 3
Shares repurchased................... (3) - (65) - - - -
Shares purchased by employee benefit
plan trusts......................... (1) - (7) 5 - - -
Dividend to shareholders............. - - - - - (35) -
--- --- ----- --- ------ ----- ----
Balance at December 31, 2000......... 64 1 (282) 15 1,326 55 (25)
Comprehensive loss
Net loss............................ - - - - - (43) -
Other comprehensive loss
Net losses on derivative financial
instruments:
Losses arising during the year... - - - - - - -
Less: reclassification adjustment
for losses included in net
income......................... - - - - - - -
--- --- ----- --- ------ ----- ----
Net losses..................... - - - - - - -
Minimum pension liability
adjustment....................... - - - - - - -
Currency translation adjustment... - - - - - - -
--- --- ----- --- ------ ----- ----
Total comprehensive loss............. - - - - - (43) -
Amortization and adjustment of
unearned restricted shares.......... - - - - (27) - 25
Dividends related to forfeitures of
restricted shares................... - - - - - 3 -
Shares purchased by employee benefit
plan trusts......................... (1) - (1) 2 - - -
Dividend to shareholders............. - - - - - (35) -
--- --- ----- --- ------ ----- ----
Balance at December 31, 2001......... 63 $ 1 $(283) $17 $1,299 $ (20) $ -
--- --- ----- --- ------ ----- ----
--- --- ----- --- ------ ----- ----
CUMULATIVE
OTHER
COMPREHENSIVE
LOSS TOTAL
---- -----
(MILLIONS)
Balance at December 31, 1998......... $ (15) $1,578
Comprehensive income
Net loss............................ - (288)
Other comprehensive loss
Currency translation adjustment... (46) (46)
----- ------
Total comprehensive loss............. (46) (334)
Amortization and adjustment of
unearned restricted shares.......... - 8
Shares repurchased................... - (200)
Shares purchased by employee benefit
plan trusts......................... - -
Options exercised.................... - 1
Dividend to shareholders............. - (38)
----- ------
Balance at December 31, 1999......... (61) 1,015
Comprehensive income (loss)
Net income.......................... - 122
Other comprehensive loss
Currency translation adjustment... (46) (46)
----- ------
Total comprehensive income (loss).... (46) 76
Amortization and adjustment of
unearned restricted shares.......... - (6)
Shares repurchased................... - (65)
Shares purchased by employee benefit
plan trusts......................... - (2)
Dividend to shareholders............. - (35)
----- ------
Balance at December 31, 2000......... (107) 983
Comprehensive loss
Net loss............................ - (43)
Other comprehensive loss
Net losses on derivative financial
instruments:
Losses arising during the year... (17) (17)
Less: reclassification adjustment
for losses included in net
income......................... 9 9
----- ------
Net losses..................... (8) (8)
Minimum pension liability
adjustment....................... (8) (8)
Currency translation adjustment... (13) (13)
----- ------
Total comprehensive loss............. (29) (72)
Amortization and adjustment of
unearned restricted shares.......... - (2)
Dividends related to forfeitures of
restricted shares................... - 3
Shares purchased by employee benefit
plan trusts......................... - 1
Dividend to shareholders............. - (35)
----- ------
Balance at December 31, 2001......... $(136) $ 878
----- ------
----- ------
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
49
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
NOTE 1 -- SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Principles of Consolidation: The consolidated financial statements include
the accounts of the Company and its majority-owned subsidiaries. Minority
interest represents the minority ownership of the Company's Brazilian
subsidiary. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been
eliminated. The Company's investment in Equistar is accounted for by the equity
method; accordingly, the Company's share of Equistar's pre-tax net income or
loss is included in net income.
Estimates and Assumptions: The preparation of financial statements in
conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to
make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and
liabilities at the date of the financial statements, the disclosure of
contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and
the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Such
estimates include the evaluation of and judgments about environmental
obligations, legal matters and tax claims brought against the Company, the
ability to recover the full carrying value of accounts receivable and
inventories owned by the Company, and the carrying value of goodwill and other
long-term assets such as the Company's investment in Equistar. Actual results
could differ from those estimates.
Reclassification: Certain prior year balances have been reclassified to
conform with the current year presentation.
Revenue Recognition: Revenue is recognized upon transfer of title and risk
of loss to the customer, which is generally upon shipment of product to the
customer or upon usage of the product by the customer in the case of consignment
inventories.
Costs incurred related to shipping and handling are included in cost of
products sold. Amounts billed to the customer for shipping and handling are
included in sales revenue.
Cash Equivalents: Cash equivalents represent investments in short-term
deposits and commercial paper with banks that have original maturities of 90
days or less. In addition, Other assets include approximately $4 and $28 in
restricted cash at December 31, 2001 and 2000, respectively, which is on deposit
to satisfy insurance claims.
Inventories: Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market value.
For certain United States operations representing 27% and 26% of consolidated
inventories at December 31, 2001 and 2000, respectively, cost is determined
under the last-in, first-out ('LIFO') method. The first-in, first-out ('FIFO')
method, or methods that approximate FIFO, are used by all other subsidiaries.
Property, Plant and Equipment: Property, plant and equipment is stated on
the basis of cost. Depreciation is provided by the straight-line method over the
estimated useful lives of the assets, generally 20 to 40 years for buildings and
5 to 25 years for machinery and equipment. Environmental costs are capitalized
if the costs increase the value of the property and/or mitigate or prevent
contamination from future operations. Major repairs and improvements incurred in
connection with substantial overhauls or maintenance turnarounds are capitalized
and amortized on a straight-line basis until the next planned turnaround
(generally 18 months). Other less substantial maintenance and repair costs are
expensed as incurred. Unamortized capitalized turnaround costs were $21 and $15
at December 31, 2001 and 2000, respectively.
Capitalized Software Costs: The Company capitalizes costs incurred in the
acquisition and modification of computer software used internally, including
consulting fees and costs of employees dedicated solely to a specific project.
Such costs are amortized over periods not exceeding 7 years and, through
December 31, 2001, are subject to impairment evaluation under SFAS No. 121. See
Recent Accounting Developments below. Unamortized capitalized software costs of
$53 and $64 at December 31, 2001 and 2000, respectively, are included in
Property, plant and equipment.
Goodwill: Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair
value of net assets allocated to acquired companies. Through December 31, 2001,
goodwill was amortized using the
50
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
straight-line method over 40 years in accordance with generally accepted
accounting principles, and management evaluated goodwill for impairment based on
the anticipated future cash flows attributable to its operations in accordance
with SFAS No. 121. Such expected cash flows, on an undiscounted basis, are
compared to the carrying value of the tangible and intangible assets, and if
impairment is indicated, the carrying value of goodwill is adjusted. In the
opinion of management, no impairment of goodwill existed at December 31, 2001
under SFAS No. 121. See Recent Accounting Developments below.
Environmental Liabilities, Legal and Tax Matters -- The Company periodically
reviews matters associated with potential environmental obligations, legal
matters and tax claims brought against the Company and evaluates, accounts,
reports and discloses these matters in accordance with SFAS No. 5. In order to
make estimates of liabilities, the Company's evaluation of and judgments about
environmental obligations, legal matters and tax claims are based upon the
individual facts and circumstances around the individual matters and include
advice from legal counsel, if applicable. The Company establishes reserves by
recording charges to its results of operations for loss contingencies that are
considered probable (the future event or events are likely to occur) and for
which the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. When the amount of loss
can only be reasonably estimated within a range of loss, the Company records a
minimum reserve for the loss contingency at the low end of the range but also
applies judgment to specific matters as to whether an amount within the range is
a better estimate than any other amount. If an amount within the range is
considered to be a better estimate of the loss, the Company records this amount
as its reserve for the loss contingency. Reserves are exclusive of claims
against third parties, except where payment has been received or the amount of
liability or contribution by such other parties, including insurance companies,
has been agreed, and are not discounted. Loss contingencies that are not
considered probable or that cannot be reasonably estimated are disclosed in the
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements, either individually or in the
aggregate, if there is a reasonable possibility that a loss may be incurred and
if the amount of possible loss could have a significant impact on the Company's
consolidated financial position or results of operations. Loss contingencies
that are considered remote (the chance of the future event or events occurring
is slight) are not typically disclosed unless the Company believes the potential
loss to be extremely significant to its consolidated financial position and
results of operations.
Foreign Currency: Assets and liabilities of the Company's foreign
subsidiaries are translated at the exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet
dates, while revenue, expenses and cash flows are translated at average exchange
rates for the reporting period or, where practicable, at the exchange rates in
effect at the dates on which transactions are recognized. Resulting translation
adjustments are recorded as a component of Cumulative other comprehensive loss
in Shareholders' equity. Gains and losses resulting from changes in foreign
currency on transactions denominated in currencies other than the functional
currency of the respective subsidiary are recognized in income as they occur.
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities: Effective January 1, 2001,
all derivatives are recognized on the balance sheet at their fair value. If a
derivative is designated as a hedging instrument for accounting purposes, the
Company designates the derivative, on the date the derivative contract is
entered into, as (1) a hedge of the fair value of a recognized asset or
liability or of an unrecognized firm commitment ('fair value' hedge), (2) a
hedge of a forecasted transaction ('cash flow' hedge), (3) a foreign-currency
fair value or cash flow hedge ('foreign currency' hedge) or (4) a hedge of a net
investment in a foreign operation. For derivative instruments not designated as
hedging instruments for accounting purposes, changes in fair values are
recognized in earnings in the period in which they occur. Prior to January 2001,
gains or losses on instruments that hedged foreign currency denominated
receivables and payables were recognized in income as they occurred. Gains or
losses on instruments that hedged firm commitments were deferred and reported as
part of the underlying transaction when settled.
Changes in the fair value of derivatives that are highly effective as, and
that are designated and qualify as, fair value hedges, along with the losses or
gains on the hedged assets or liabilities that are
51
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
attributable to the hedged risks (including losses or gains on firm
commitments), are recorded in current-period earnings. Changes in the fair value
of derivatives that are highly effective as, and that are designated and qualify
as, cash flow hedges are recorded in Other comprehensive income ('OCI'), until
earnings are affected by the variability of cash flows. Changes in the fair
value of derivatives that are highly effective as, and that are designated and
qualify as, foreign-currency hedges are recorded in either current-period
earnings or OCI, depending on whether the hedge transactions are fair value
hedges or cash flow hedges. If, however, a derivative is used as a hedge of a
net investment in a foreign operation, its changes in fair value, to the extent
effective as a hedge, are recorded as translation adjustments in OCI.
The Company formally documents all relationships between hedging instruments
and hedged items, as well as its risk-management objective and strategy for
undertaking various hedge transactions. This process includes linking all
derivatives that are designated as fair value, cash flow, or foreign-currency
hedges to specific assets and liabilities on the balance sheet or to specific
firm commitments or forecasted transactions. The Company also formally assesses,
both at the hedge's inception and on an ongoing basis, whether the derivatives
that are used in hedging transactions are highly effective in offsetting changes
in fair values or cash flows of hedged items. When it is determined that a
derivative is not highly effective as a hedge, or that it has ceased to be a
highly effective hedge, the Company discontinues hedge accounting prospectively.
Income Taxes: Deferred income taxes result from temporary differences
between the financial statement basis and income tax basis of assets and
liabilities and are computed using enacted marginal tax rates of the respective
tax jurisdictions. Valuation allowances are provided against deferred tax assets
that are not likely to be realized in full. The Company and certain of its
subsidiaries have entered into tax-sharing and indemnification agreements with
Hanson or its subsidiaries in which the Company and/or its subsidiaries
generally agreed to indemnify Hanson or its subsidiaries for income tax
liabilities attributable to periods when certain operations of Hanson were
included in the consolidated United States tax returns of the Company's
subsidiaries.
Research and Development: The cost of research and development efforts is
expensed as incurred. Such costs aggregated $20, $26 and $26 for the years ended
December 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively.
Earnings Per Share: The weighted-average number of equivalent shares of
Common Stock outstanding used in computing earnings per share for 2001, 2000 and
1999 was as follows:
2001 2000 1999
---- ---- ----
Basic............................................ 63,564,497 64,304,594 69,198,258
Options.......................................... - 3,314 -
Restricted shares................................ - 281,729 -
---------- ---------- ----------
Diluted.......................................... 63,564,497 64,589,637 69,198,258
---------- ---------- ----------
---------- ---------- ----------
The 2001 and 1999 computation of diluted earnings per share does not include
5,608 restricted shares issued under the Company's Long Term Stock Incentive
Plan ('The Stock Incentive Plan') in 2001 and 33,628 options to purchase Common
Stock and 464,079 restricted shares issued under the Stock Incentive Plan in
1999 as their effect would be antidilutive.
Concentration of Credit Risk: Financial instruments that potentially subject
the Company to significant concentrations of credit risk consist principally of
temporary cash investments, foreign currency and natural gas derivative
contracts and accounts receivable. The Company maintains its investments and
enters contracts with high-credit-quality financial institutions, generally
those that provide the Company with debt financing. Similarly, counterparties to
the Company's natural gas derivative contracts are institutions considered to be
of high credit quality. For some of these natural gas derivative contracts,
either party may be required to establish some form of collateral such as a
letter of
52
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
credit or cash escrow, if the fair value of such contracts exceeds a
pre-determined dollar amount and/or either party's credit rating by both S&P and
Moody's falls below investment grade.
The Company sells a broad range of commodity, industrial, performance and
specialty chemicals to a diverse group of customers operating throughout the
world. During 2001, revenue generated outside the United States accounted for
54% of total revenues, from sales to customers in over 90 countries.
Accordingly, there is no significant concentration of risk in any one particular
country. In addition, 60% of the revenues of the Titanium Dioxide and Related
Products business segment (which accounts for approximately 73% of consolidated
revenues in 2001) are from customers in the global paint and coatings industry.
The leading United States economic indicator for this industry is new and
existing home sales, which has remained relatively strong through 2001 despite
the slow United States economic conditions. In addition, some seasonality in
sales exists because sales of paint and coatings are greatest in the spring and
summer months. Credit limits, ongoing credit evaluation, and account-monitoring
procedures are utilized to minimize credit risk. Collateral is generally not
required, but may be used under certain circumstances or in certain markets,
particularly in lesser-developed countries of the world. Credit losses to
customers operating in this industry have not been material.
Recent Accounting Developments: In July 2001, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141,
'Business Combinations' ('SFAS No. 141'); SFAS No. 142 and, SFAS No. 143,
'Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations' ('SFAS No. 143'). SFAS No. 141
requires that all business combinations initiated after June 30, 2001 be
accounted for using the purchase method of accounting and prohibits the use of
the pooling-of-interests method for such transactions. SFAS No. 142 applies to
all goodwill and intangible assets acquired in a business combination. Under
this new standard, all goodwill, including goodwill acquired before initial
application of the standard, will not be amortized but must be tested for
impairment at least annually at the reporting unit level, as defined in the
standard. Amortization expense for goodwill that is recorded in the Company's
balance sheet was $13 for 2001. Additionally, the Company's share of
amortization expense reported by Equistar for its goodwill, included in Equity
in (loss) earnings of Equistar, was $10 for 2001. Intangible assets other than
goodwill will be amortized over their useful lives and reviewed for impairment.
This new standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15,
2001. The Company must adopt this standard on January 1, 2002. The Company
expects to report a charge for the cumulative effect of a change in accounting
principle of approximately $275 in the first quarter of 2002 to write off
goodwill related to its Acetyls business in accordance with SFAS No. 142.
Additionally, Equistar expects to report an impairment of goodwill in the first
quarter of 2002 in accordance with SFAS No. 142. The expected write-off at
Equistar would require an adjustment of approximately $30 to reduce the carrying
value of the Company's investment in Equistar, which the Company will also
report as a charge for the cumulative effect of a change in accounting
principle. SFAS No. 143 applies to legal obligations associated with the
retirement of long-lived assets. This standard requires that the fair value of a
liability for an asset retirement obligation be recognized in the period in
which it is incurred and the associated asset retirement costs be capitalized as
part of the carrying amount of the long-lived asset. Accretion expense and
depreciation expense related to the liability and capitalized asset retirement
costs, respectively, would be recorded in subsequent periods. Although earlier
application is permitted, the Company must adopt this standard on January 1,
2003 and is currently evaluating the potential impact on its consolidated
financial position and results of operations.
In October 2001, the FASB issued SFAS No. 144, 'Accounting for the
Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets' ('SFAS No. 144'). SFAS No. 144
applies to all long-lived assets, including discontinued operations, and
provides guidance on the measurement and recognition of impairment charges for
assets to be held and used, assets to be abandoned and assets to be disposed of
by sale. SFAS No. 144 supersedes SFAS No. 121; however, it retains the
fundamental provisions of SFAS No. 121 for (1) the recognition and measurement
of the impairment of long-lived assets to be held and used and (2) the
measurement of long-lived assets to be disposed of by sale. Although earlier
53
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
application is permitted, the Company must adopt this standard on January 1,
2002. The provisions of this standard are to be applied prospectively. The
Company does not expect the adoption of SFAS No. 144 to have a material impact
on its consolidated financial position and results of operations.
NOTE 2 -- REORGANIZATION AND PLANT CLOSURE CHARGES
A provision for reorganization and plant closure costs of $36 before tax
($24 after-tax or $0.38 per share) was recorded in 2001 related to
reorganization activities within each of the Company's business segments.
During the second quarter of 2001, $31 was recorded in connection with the
Company's announced decision to indefinitely idle its sulfate-process TiO[u]2
plant in Hawkins Point, Maryland and reduce its worldwide workforce by 10%. The
$31 charge includes severance and other employee-related costs of $19 for the
termination of approximately 400 employees involved in manufacturing, technical,
sales and marketing, finance and administrative support, a $10 write-down of
assets and $2 in other costs associated with the idling of the plant.
During the first quarter of 2001, the Company announced the closure of its
facilities in Cincinnati, Ohio and recorded reorganization and other charges of
$5 in the Acetyls segment. These charges included $3 of severance and other
termination benefits related to the termination of about 35 employees involved
in technical, marketing and administrative activities, as well as $2 related to
the write-down of assets, lease termination costs and other charges associated
with the Cincinnati facility. The office in Cincinnati was closed during the
second quarter of 2001.
Payments of $16 for severance and related costs and $4 for other costs
related to reorganization and plant closure have been made during the year ended
December 31, 2001.
NOTE 3 -- SIGNIFICANT TRANSACTIONS
On January 18, 1999, the Company completed transactions with Linde relating
to the Company's syngas unit in La Porte, Texas, and a 15% interest in its
methanol business, whereby the Company received $123 in cash. Linde operates the
syngas facility under a lease with a purchase option. In addition, Linde
operates and holds a 15% interest in the methanol facility. No gain or loss
resulted from these transactions.
On May 26, 1999, the Company sold its 26.4% combined subordinated and
general partnership interests in Suburban Propane to Suburban Propane and its
management for $75 in cash, resulting in an after-tax gain of $38. As such,
Suburban Propane is reflected as a discontinued operation for 1999.
On December 27, 2001, the Company sold its research facility in Baltimore,
Maryland to an unrelated party in a sale/leaseback transaction. Cash proceeds
from the sale were $17. The pre-tax gain on the sale of $3 will be amortized to
income over the term of the related leaseback. In conjunction with the sale, the
Company entered an operating lease with the buyer to lease the research facility
for a 20-year term at an annual fee of approximately $2, which escalates at a
rate of 2.5% per annum. Certain renewal options exist to extend the term in
five-year intervals.
NOTE 4 -- INVESTMENT IN EQUISTAR
On December 1, 1997, the Company and Lyondell completed the formation of
Equistar, a joint venture partnership created to own and operate the
petrochemical and polymer businesses of the Company and Lyondell. The Company
contributed to Equistar substantially all of the net assets of its former
ethylene, polyethylene, ethanol and related products business. The Company
retained $250 from the proceeds of accounts receivable collections and
substantially all the accounts payable and accrued expenses of its contributed
businesses existing on December 1, 1997, and received proceeds of $750
54
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
from borrowings under a new credit facility entered into by Equistar. The
Company used the $750 received from Equistar to repay debt. Equistar was owned
57% by Lyondell and 43% by the Company until May 15, 1998, when the Company and
Lyondell expanded Equistar with the addition of the ethylene, propylene,
ethylene oxide and derivatives businesses of Occidental's chemical subsidiary.
Occidental contributed the net assets of those businesses (including
approximately $205 of related debt) to Equistar. In exchange, Equistar borrowed
an additional $500, $420 of which was distributed to Occidental and $75 to the
Company. Equistar is now owned 41% by Lyondell, 29.5% by Occidental and 29.5% by
the Company. No gain or loss resulted from these transactions.
On January 31, 2001, Lyondell and Occidental announced that they have agreed
in principle on a proposed transaction whereby Occidental would sell its 29.5%
equity interest in Equistar to Lyondell. The Company has evaluated the carrying
value of its investment in Equistar at December 31, 2001 using assumptions that
anticipate a long-term holding value for the Equistar investment based upon
anticipated future cash flows. Valuation of the Equistar investment under a
current sale scenario could result in a different value. Lyondell and Occidental
have agreed in principle on a transaction whereby Occidental would sell its
29.5% interest in Equistar to Lyondell. The value of this transaction is based
on facts and circumstances significantly different from those surrounding the
Company's interest in Equistar and therefore such value cannot be viewed to
represent similar value for the Company's investment in Equistar. There can be
no assurance that the proposed transaction will be completed. The carrying value
of the Company's investment in Equistar at December 31, 2001 was $677.
Equistar is managed by a Partnership Governance Committee consisting of
representatives of each partner. Approval of Equistar's strategic plans and
other major decisions requires the consent of the representatives of the three
partners. All decisions of Equistar's Governance Committee that do not require
unanimity among the partners may be made by Lyondell's representatives alone.
In furthering the Company's business strategy to de-emphasize commodity
chemicals, the Board of Directors of the Company approved actions in December
1999 to advance the Company's efforts to dispose of its Equistar interest. As a
result of the Board's adopting the strategy to dispose of the Equistar interest
in the short-term, the Company reduced the carrying amount of its interest at
December 31, 1999 to an estimated fair value of $800 by recording a charge of
$639 ($400 after tax) in the fourth quarter of 1999. The estimated fair value of
$800 was determined by evaluating, among other things, the estimated discounted
future cash flows of Equistar, current market interest and estimated disposal
costs, including income taxes.
During 1999 Equistar recorded income and expense from various unusual items,
for which the Company's share is included in Equity in (loss) earnings from
Equistar. In the fourth quarter of 1999, Equistar announced the closure of
certain of its facilities and the reorganization of certain support services
with Lyondell. A charge of $96 was made, which included asset write-downs and
severance and related costs of $72 and $24, respectively. The Company's share of
such charge was $28. Also in 1999, Equistar recorded a gain of $41 on the sale
of its concentrates and compounds business. The Company's share of such gain was
$12. In addition, certain costs related to the formation of Equistar were
incurred, the Company's share of which was $1 in 1999.
Because of the significance of the Company's interest in Equistar to the
Company's total results of operations, the separate financial statements of
Equistar are included in the Company's 2001 Annual Report.
55
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
NOTE 5 -- SUPPLEMENTAL FINANCIAL INFORMATION
2001 2000
---- ----
Trade receivables
Trade receivables....................................... $ 222 $ 310
Allowance for doubtful accounts......................... (7) (4)
------ ------
$ 215 $ 306
------ ------
------ ------
Inventories
Finished products....................................... $ 204 $ 188
In-process products..................................... 21 26
Raw materials........................................... 93 111
Other inventories....................................... 52 48
------ ------
$ 370 $ 373
------ ------
------ ------
Inventories valued on a LIFO basis were approximately $29 and $35 less than
the amount of such inventories valued at current cost at December 31, 2001 and
2000, respectively.
2001 2000
---- ----
Property, plant and equipment
Land and buildings...................................... $ 218 $ 247
Machinery and equipment................................. 1,291 1,346
Construction-in-progress................................ 121 119
------ ------
1,630 1,712
------ ------
Accumulated depreciation and amortization............... (750) (755)
$ 880 $ 957
------ ------
------ ------
Goodwill.................................................... $ 484 $ 484
Accumulated amortization................................ (106) (93)
------ ------
$ 378 $ 391
------ ------
------ ------
2001 2000 1999
---- ---- ----
Amortization expense........................................ $ 13 $ 13 $ 12
------ ------ ------
------ ------ ------
Rental expense on operating leases is as follows:
2001 2000 1999
---- ---- ----
Rental expense.............................................. $ 19 $ 14 $ 13
------ ------ ------
------ ------ ------
56
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
Future minimum rental commitments under non-cancelable operating leases, as
of December 31, 2001, are as follows:
2002........................................................ $ 19
2003........................................................ 17
2004........................................................ 15
2005........................................................ 13
2006........................................................ 11
Thereafter.................................................. 99
----
$174
----
----
Cash paid for interest and taxes:
2001 2000 1999
---- ---- ----
Interest (net of interest received)......................... $ 81 $ 77 $ 69
Taxes (net of refunds)...................................... 1 169 41
NOTE 6 -- INCOME TAXES
2001 2000 1999
---- ---- ----
Pretax (loss) income is generated from:
United States........................................... $(196) $ 96 $ (556)
Foreign................................................. 71 93 26
----- ---- ------
(125) 189 (530)
----- ---- ------
----- ---- ------
Income tax (benefit) provision is comprised of:
Federal
Current............................................... $ (54) $ - $ 9
Deferred.............................................. (54) 36 (247)
Foreign................................................. 21 21 22
State and local......................................... 1 3 17
----- ---- ------
(86) 60 (199)
----- ---- ------
----- ---- ------
Income tax (benefit) provision is classified as:
Continuing operations................................... (86) 60 (209)
Discontinued operations................................. - - 10
----- ---- ------
$ (86) $ 60 $ (199)
----- ---- ------
----- ---- ------
57
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
The Company's effective income tax rate differs from the amount computed by
applying the statutory federal income tax rate as follows:
2001 2000 1999
---- ---- ----
Continuing Operations
Statutory federal income tax rate....................... (35.0)% 35.0 % (35.0)%
State and local income taxes, net of federal benefit.... (0.3) 1.2 1.0
Provision for nondeductible expenses,
primarily goodwill amortization....................... 6.3 4.4 2.5
Foreign rate differential............................... (13.0) (7.0) (2.5)
Loss in value of Equistar............................... - - (2.9)
Tax benefit from previous years......................... (29.6) - (1.6)
Other................................................... 2.8 (1.6) (0.9)
----- ---- -----
Effective income tax rate............................... (68.8)% 32.0 % (39.4)%
----- ---- -----
----- ---- -----
Discontinued operations
Effective income tax rate............................... - % - % 20.8 %
----- ---- -----
----- ---- -----
The Company recorded a benefit of $42 in 2001 due to favorable developments
related to items reserved for in prior years, and a benefit of $14 in 1999 for
taxes recoverable from previous years' tax filings resulting from favorable tax
settlements and judgments. The difference in 1999 between the statutory tax rate
and effective tax rate for discontinued operations relates to the difference in
tax basis of stock sold compared to the carrying value of related assets.
Significant components of deferred taxes are as follows:
2001 2000
---- ----
Deferred tax assets
Environmental and legal obligations..................... $ 18 $ 16
Other post-retirement benefits and pension
obligations........................................... 17 29
Net operating loss carryforwards........................ 143 52
Capital loss carryforwards.............................. - 70
AMT credits............................................. 105 101
Other accruals.......................................... 78 75
---- ----
361 343
Valuation allowance against capital loss
carryforwards......................................... - (70)
---- ----
Total deferred tax assets........................... 361 273
---- ----
Deferred tax liabilities
Excess of book over tax basis in property, plant and
equipment............................................. 79 81
Taxes related to potential disposal of Equistar......... 184 184
Other................................................... 26 27
---- ----
Total deferred tax liabilities...................... 289 292
---- ----
Net deferred tax assets (liabilities)........... $ 72 $(19)
---- ----
---- ----
At December 31, 2001, certain subsidiaries of the Company had available
foreign net operating loss carryforwards aggregating $215, which do not expire
but are subject to certain limitations on their use, and United States net
operating loss carryforwards aggregating $223 that expire in 2021. The capital
loss carryforwards expired in 2001, while the AMT credits have no expiration.
Deferred taxes are not provided on the undistributed earnings of subsidiaries
operating outside the United States, which have been or are intended to be
permanently reinvested.
58
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
The Company settled certain issues relating to the tax years 1986 through
1988 and a payment of $151 in taxes was made in July 2000.
Certain of the income tax returns of the Company's subsidiaries are
currently under examination by the Internal Revenue Service and various state
tax agencies. In the opinion of management, any assessments that may result will
not have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial position,
results of operations or cash flows of the Company.
NOTE 7 -- LONG-TERM DEBT AND CREDIT ARRANGEMENTS
2001 2000
---- ----
Revolving Loans due 2006 bearing interest at the option of
the Company at the higher of the federal funds rate plus
.50% and the bank's prime lending rate plus 1.0%, or at
LIBOR or NIBOR plus 2.0%, plus, in each case, a facility
fee of .50% to be paid quarterly.......................... $ 10 $ -
Revolving Credit Facility bearing interest at the bank's
prime lending rate, or at LIBOR or NIBOR plus .275% at the
option of the Company plus, in each case, a facility fee
of .15% to be paid quarterly.............................. - 388
Term Loans due 2006 bearing interest at the option of the
Company at the higher of the federal funds rate plus .50%
and the bank's prime lending rate plus 2.0%, or at LIBOR
or NIBOR plus 3.0% to be paid quarterly................... 125 -
7% Senior Notes due 2006.................................... 500 500
7.625% Senior Debentures due 2026........................... 249 249
9.25% Senior Notes due 2008................................. 275 -
Debt payable through 2007 at interest rates ranging from 2%
to 9.5%................................................... 24 21
Less current maturities of long-term debt................... (11) (391)
------ -----
$1,172 $ 767
------ -----
------ -----
On June 18, 2001, Millennium America entered into the five-year Credit
Agreement to replace the previously existing Revolving Credit Facility, which
was due to expire in July 2001, and issued $275 of seven-year 9.25% Senior
Notes. At December 31, 2001, under the new Credit Agreement, certain of the
Company's subsidiaries including Millennium America may borrow up to $175 under
the revolving credit portion of the Credit Agreement (the 'Revolving Loans') and
have borrowed $125 under the term loan portion of the Credit Agreement (the
'Term Loans'). The Company and Millennium America guarantee the obligations
under the Credit Agreement.
The Revolving Loans are available in US dollars, pounds sterling and euros.
The Revolving Loans may be borrowed, repaid and reborrowed from time to time.
The Revolving Loans include a $50 letter of credit subfacility and a swingline
facility in the amount of $25. As of December 31, 2001, $8 was outstanding under
the letter of credit subfacility, and no amount under the swingline facility.
The Term Loans may be prepaid in part or in total at the option of the Company
at any time, but any such amounts prepaid may not be reborrowed. The interest
rates on the Revolving Loans and the Term Loans are floating rates based upon
margins over LIBOR, NIBOR, or the Administrative Agent's prime lending rate, as
the case may be. Such margins, as well as the facility fee, are based on the
Company's Leverage Ratio, as defined. The margins set forth in the table above
are the margins at the end of the fourth quarter and through the date hereof.
The weighted-average interest rate for borrowings under the Company's revolving
credit facilities, including facility fees, was 5.8%, 6.7%, and 4.1% for 2001,
2000, and 1999, respectively. The weighted average interest rate for borrowings
under the Term Loans was 6.4% for 2001.
The Credit Agreement contains various restrictive covenants and requires
that the Company meet certain financial performance criteria. The financial
covenants in the Credit Agreement include a Leverage Ratio and an Interest
Coverage Ratio. The Leverage Ratio is the ratio of total indebtedness
59
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
to cumulative EBITDA for the prior four fiscal quarters, each as defined. The
Interest Coverage Ratio is the ratio of cumulative EBITDA for the prior four
fiscal quarters to Net Interest Expense, for the same period, each as defined.
In the fourth quarter of 2001, the Company requested and obtained an amendment
to these and certain other covenants given the difficult business environment at
the time, which continued in early 2002. The Company was in compliance with
these amended covenants at December 31, 2001. The Company is required to
maintain a Leverage Ratio of no more than 6.75 to 1.00 for the first and second
quarters of 2002, 6.50 to 1.00 for the third quarter of 2002 and 6.00 to 1.00
for the fourth quarter of 2002 and an Interest Coverage Ratio of no less than
2.00 to 1.00 for all quarters of 2002. If economic and business conditions
improve during 2002, as expected, it is likely that such covenant requirements
will be met by the Company. However, if such conditions do not improve and the
Company operates at similar levels as in the fourth quarter of 2001, the Company
may be required to request either a waiver of or an amendment to one or both of
these financial covenants. The Company believes it would be able to obtain such
waiver or amendment if required. This situation is monitored frequently in order
to assess the likelihood of such compliance. The covenants limit, among other
things, the ability of the Company and/or certain subsidiaries of the Company
to:
(i) incur debt and issue preferred stock; (ii) create liens; (iii) engage in
sale/leaseback transactions; (iv) declare or pay dividends on, or purchase,
the Company's stock; (v) make restricted payments; (vi) engage in
transactions with affiliates; (vii) sell assets; (viii) engage in mergers or
acquisitions; (ix) engage in domestic accounts receivable securitization
transactions; (x) increase the amount of the $750 indemnity by Millennium
America related to certain Equistar long-term debt (as described below in
this note); and (xi) enter into restrictive agreements. In the event the
Company sells certain assets as specified in the Credit Agreement, the Term
Loans must be prepaid with a portion of the net cash proceeds of such sale.
In addition, the Credit Agreement requires the Company to satisfy financial
performance criteria with respect to debt coverage and interest coverage
ratios.
The obligations are collateralized by: (1) a pledge of 100% of the stock of
the Company's existing and future domestic subsidiaries and 65% of the stock of
certain of the Company's existing and future foreign subsidiaries, in both cases
other than subsidiaries that hold immaterial assets (as defined in the Credit
Agreement), (2) all the equity interests held by the Company's subsidiaries in
Equistar and the La Porte Methanol Company (which pledges are limited to the
right to receive distributions made by Equistar and the La Porte Methanol
Company, respectively), and (3) all present and future accounts receivable,
intercompany indebtedness and inventory of the Company's domestic subsidiaries,
other than subsidiaries that hold immaterial assets (as defined in the Credit
Agreement).
On March 27, 2002, the Company completed a European accounts receivable
securitization transaction. Proceeds from this transaction were approximately
$43 and will be used, primarily, to pay down debt outstanding under the Credit
Agreement.
The 7.00% Senior Notes and 7.625% Senior Debentures were issued by
Millennium America and are guaranteed by the Company. The indenture under which
the Senior Notes and Senior Debentures were issued contains certain covenants
that limit, among other things: (i) the ability of Millennium America and its
Restricted Subsidiaries (as defined) to grant liens or enter into sale/leaseback
transactions; (ii) the ability of the Restricted Subsidiaries to incur
additional indebtedness; and, (iii) the ability of Millennium America and the
Company to merge, consolidate or transfer substantially all of their respective
assets.
The 9.25% Senior Notes were issued by Millennium America and are guaranteed
by the Company. The indenture under which the 9.25% Senior Notes were issued
contains certain covenants that limit, among other things, the ability of the
Company and/or certain subsidiaries of the Company to: (i) incur additional
debt; (ii) issue redeemable stock and preferred stock; (iii) pay dividends or
make
60
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
distributions; (iv) repurchase capital stock; (v) make other restricted payments
including, without limitation, investments; (vi) create liens; (vii) redeem debt
that is junior in right of payment to the 9.25% Senior Notes; (viii) sell or
otherwise dispose of assets, including capital stock of subsidiaries; (ix) enter
into arrangements that restrict dividends from subsidiaries; (x) enter into
mergers or consolidations; (xi) enter into transactions with affiliates; and,
(xii) enter into sale/leaseback transactions. However, if the 9.25% Senior Notes
receive credit ratings from both S&P and Moody's as specified in the indenture
and meet certain other requirements, certain of these covenants will no longer
apply. The indenture governing the Company's 9.25% Senior Notes includes a
Consolidated Coverage Ratio, defined as the ratio of the aggregate amount of
EBITDA, as defined, for the four most recent fiscal quarters to Consolidated
Interest Expense, as defined for the four most recent fiscal quarters. If this
ratio were to cease to be greater than 2.00 to 1.00, there would be certain
restrictions on the Company's ability to incur additional indebtedness and the
Company's ability to pay dividends would be limited.
At December 31, 2001, the Company was in compliance with all covenants in
the Credit Agreement as amended, and in the indentures governing the 9.25%
Senior Notes, 7.00% Senior Notes and 7.625% Senior Debentures.
Millennium America has entered into an indemnity agreement with Equistar
pursuant to which Millennium America may be required to contribute to Equistar
an amount equal to up to the lesser of $750 or the sum of the principal amount
outstanding under the term loan portion of Equistar's credit facility (not to
exceed $275) and Equistar's 10.125% Senior Notes due 2008 (not to exceed $475),
in each case together with interest. However, pursuant to the terms of this
indemnity agreement, Millennium is only required to pay this amount to Equistar
if the lenders under such credit facility or the holders of such Senior Notes
have not been able to obtain payment after pursuing and exhausting all their
remedies against Equistar, including the liquidation of Equistar's assets. The
indemnity expressly does not create any right in favor of such lenders or such
holders or any person other than Millennium America, Equistar and the partners
in Equistar. The indemnity may be amended or terminated at any time by the
agreement of the partners in Equistar without the consent of the lenders under
such credit facility or the holders of such Senior Notes. The indemnity
agreement replaced a prior guarantee by Millennium America of up to $750 of
Equistar's debt.
The indemnity will remain in effect indefinitely but at any time after
December 31, 2004 Millennium America may, without the consent of the other
partners in Equistar, elect to terminate the indemnity if certain conditions are
met including financial ratios and covenants relating to Equistar. In addition,
Millennium America may, without the consent of the other partners in Equistar,
elect to terminate the indemnity in the event the Company sells its interests in
the subsidiaries that directly hold the partnership interests of Equistar or if
those subsidiaries sell their interests in Equistar, provided a financial
condition relating to Equistar is met.
The Company had outstanding Notes payable of $4 and $39 as of December 31,
2001 and 2000, respectively, bearing interest at an average rate of
approximately 5.3% and 6% in 2001 and 2000, respectively, with maturity of 30
days or less. At December 31, 2001, the Company had outstanding standby letters
of credit amounting to $28 and had unused availability under short-term
uncommitted lines of credit and the Credit Agreement of $167.
61
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
The maturities of Long-term debt during the next five years and thereafter
are as follows:
2002........................................................ $ 11
2003........................................................ 11
2004........................................................ 9
2005........................................................ 59
2006........................................................ 566
Thereafter.................................................. 527
------
$1,183
------
------
NOTE 8 -- DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES
Effective January 1, 2001, the Company adopted SFAS No. 133, 'Accounting for
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities', as amended ('SFAS No. 133'),
which requires that all derivative instruments be reported on the balance sheet
at fair value and establishes criteria for designation and effectiveness of
hedging relationships. The cumulative effect of adopting SFAS No. 133 as of
January 1, 2001 was not material to the Company's financial statements.
The Company is exposed to market risk, such as changes in currency exchange
rates, interest rates and commodity pricing. To manage the volatility relating
to these exposures, the Company selectively enters into derivative transactions
pursuant to the Company's policies for hedging practices. Designation is
performed on a specific exposure basis to support hedge accounting. The changes
in fair value of these hedging instruments are offset in part or in whole by
corresponding changes in the fair value or cash flows of the underlying
exposures being hedged. The Company does not hold or issue derivative financial
instruments for speculative or trading purposes.
Foreign Currency Exposure Management: The Company manufactures and sells its
products in a number of countries throughout the world and, as a result, is
exposed to movements in foreign currency exchange rates. The primary purpose of
the Company's foreign currency hedging activities is to manage the volatility
associated with foreign currency purchases and foreign currency sales. The
Company utilizes forward exchange contracts with various terms, none of which is
greater than eighteen months at December 31, 2001.
The Company utilizes forward exchange contracts with contract terms normally
lasting less than three months to protect against the adverse effect that
exchange rate fluctuations may have on foreign currency denominated trade
receivables and trade payables. These derivatives have not been designated as
hedges for accounting purposes. The gains and losses on both the derivatives and
the foreign currency denominated trade receivables and payables are recorded in
current earnings. Net gains included in earnings, which offset a similar amount
of losses from foreign currency denominated trade receivables and payables, were
not significant in 2001.
In addition, the Company utilizes forward exchange contracts that qualify as
cash flow hedges. These are intended to offset the effect of exchange rate
fluctuations on forecasted sales and inventory purchases. Gains and losses on
these instruments are deferred in OCI until the underlying transaction is
recognized in earnings. The earnings impact is reported either in Net sales or
Cost of products sold to match the underlying transaction being hedged. During
2001, net losses on forward exchange contracts designated as cash flow hedges of
$4 were reclassified to earnings to match the gain or loss on the underlying
transaction being hedged. Hedge ineffectiveness had no significant impact on
earnings for 2001. No forward exchange contract cash flow hedges were
discontinued during 2001. The Company estimates that approximately $2 of net
derivative gains on foreign currency cash flow hedges included in OCI at
December 31, 2001 will be reclassified to earnings during the next twelve
months.
Commodity Price Risk Management: Raw materials used by the Company are
subject to price volatility caused by weather and supply conditions and other
unpredictable factors. The Company
62
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
selectively uses commodity swap arrangements to manage the volatility related to
anticipated purchases of natural gas with various terms, none of which expires
later than January 2004 at December 31, 2001. These market instruments are
designated as cash flow hedges. The mark-to-market gain or loss on qualifying
hedges is included in OCI to the extent effective, and reclassified into Cost of
products sold in the period during which the hedged transaction affects
earnings. The mark-to-market gains or losses on ineffective portions of hedges
are recognized in Cost of products sold immediately. During 2001, net losses on
commodity swaps designated as cash flow hedges of $5 were reclassified to Cost
of products sold to match the gain on the underlying transaction being hedged.
Hedge ineffectiveness had no significant impact on earnings for 2001. No
commodity swap cash flow hedges were discontinued in 2001. The Company estimates
that approximately $6 of net losses on commodity swaps included in OCI at
December 31, 2001 will be reclassified to earnings during the next twelve
months.
Interest Rate Risk Management: The Company selectively uses derivative
instruments to manage its ratio of debt bearing fixed interest rates to debt
bearing variable interest rates. During the year 2001, the Company had entered
into interest-rate swap agreements to convert $200 of its fixed-rate debt into
variable-rate debt. These derivatives did not qualify for hedge accounting
because the maturity of the swaps was less than the maturity of the hedged debt.
Accordingly, the fair value of such arrangements was recognized as a reduction
in Interest expense. The swap agreements were terminated in 2001 and realized
gains of $5 were included in Interest expense for 2001.
The table below summarizes the notional amounts of the Company's derivative
instruments at December 31, 2000, with maturity dates ranging from one month to
twelve months. The notional amounts have been translated into US dollars using
applicable exchange rates at December 31, 2000.
2000
---------------------
NOTIONAL UNREALIZED
AMOUNT GAIN
------ ----
Forward Contracts........................................... $116 $ 2
Currency Swaps.............................................. $ 7 $ -
NOTE 9 -- FAIR VALUE OF NON-DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
The fair value of all short-term financial instruments (i.e., trade
receivables, notes payable, etc.) and restricted cash approximates their
carrying value, due to their short maturity or ready availability. The fair
value of the Company's other financial instruments is based upon estimates
received from independent financial advisors as follows:
2001 2000
---------------- ----------------
CARRYING FAIR CARRYING FAIR
VALUE VALUE VALUE VALUE
----- ----- ----- -----
Borrowings under revolving credit facilities........ $ 10 $ 10 $388 $386
Term Loans.......................................... 125 125 - -
Senior Notes and Debentures......................... 749 663 749 605
9.25% Senior Notes.................................. 275 283 - -
In addition, the Company has various contractual obligations to purchase raw
materials used in the production of its products: titanium ores for TiO[u]2, CST
for fragrance and flavor chemicals, syngas for methanol, carbon monoxide for
acetic acid and ethylene for VAM. (See Note 13 -- Commitments and Contingencies,
below.) Commitments for such materials are generally at market prices, formula
prices based primarily on costs of raw materials, or at fixed prices but subject
to escalation for inflation. Accordingly, the fair value of such obligations
approximates their contractual value.
63
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
NOTE 10 -- PENSION AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS
Domestic Benefit Plans: The Company has non-contributory defined benefit
pension plans and other postretirement benefit plans that cover substantially
all of its United States employees. The benefits for the pension plans are based
primarily on years of credited service and average compensation as defined under
the respective plan provisions. The Company's funding policy is to contribute
amounts to the pension plans sufficient to meet the minimum funding requirements
set forth in the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, plus such
additional amounts as the Company may determine to be appropriate from time to
time. The pension plans' assets are held in a master asset trust and are managed
by independent portfolio managers. Such assets include the Company's Common
Stock, which account for less than 1% of master trust assets at December 31,
2001 and 2000.
The Company also sponsors defined contribution plans for its salaried and
certain union employees. Contributions relating to defined contribution plans
are made based upon the respective plan provisions.
Foreign Benefit Arrangements: Certain of the Company's foreign subsidiaries
have defined benefit plans. The assets of these plans are held separately from
the Company in independent funds.
64
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
The following table provides a reconciliation of the changes in the benefit
obligations and the fair value of the plan assets over the two-year period
ending December 31, 2001, and a statement of the funded status as of December 31
for both years:
OTHER
POSTRETIREMENT
PENSION BENEFITS BENEFITS
----------------- -----------------
2001 2000 2001 2000
---- ---- ---- ----
Reconciliation of benefit obligation
Projected benefit obligation at beginning of year... $760 $ 757 $ 97 $ 110
Service cost, including interest.................... 12 12 - -
Interest in PBO..................................... 53 54 6 8
Benefit payments.................................... (84) (83) (12) (13)
Curtailments........................................ 1 - - -
Net experience loss (gain).......................... 15 28 (7) (7)
Amendments.......................................... 4 - (4) (1)
Translation adjustment.............................. (3) (8) - -
---- ------ ----- -----
Projected benefit obligation at end of year..... $758 $ 760 $ 80 $ 97
---- ------ ----- -----
Reconciliation of fair value of plan assets
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year...... $895 $1,013 $ - $ -
Return on plan assets............................... (36) (34) - -
Employer contributions.............................. 8 6 12 13
Benefit payments.................................... (84) (83) (12) (13)
Asset transfer...................................... - 5 - -
Translation adjustment.............................. (5) (12) - -
---- ------ ----- -----
Fair value of plan assets at end of year........ $778 $ 895 $ - $ -
---- ------ ----- -----
Funded status
Funded status at December 31........................ $ 20 $ 135 $ (80) $ (97)
Unrecognized net asset.............................. (4) (11) - -
Unrecognized prior-service cost..................... 8 8 (14) (12)
Unrecognized loss (gain)............................ 146 20 (32) (28)
---- ------ ----- -----
Prepaid benefit cost............................ 170 152 (126) (137)
Additional minimum liability.................... (11) - - -
---- ------ ----- -----
Net prepaid (accrued) benefit cost.............. $159 $ 152 $(126) $(137)
---- ------ ----- -----
At December 31, 2001, Other assets include an intangible asset of $3 and
other comprehensive loss includes $8 due to the additional minimum liability
associated with certain of the Company's pension plans.
The projected benefit obligation, accumulated benefit obligation and the
fair value of plan assets for pension plans with accumulated benefit obligations
in excess of the plan assets were $48, $45, and $29, respectively, at December
31, 2001 and $51, $47 and $32, respectively, at December 31, 2000.
65
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
The following table provides the components of net periodic benefit cost:
OTHER
POSTRETIREMENT
PENSION BENEFITS BENEFITS
------------------ ------------------
2001 2000 1999 2001 2000 1999
---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ----
Net periodic benefit cost
Service cost, including interest............ $ 12 $ 12 $ 18 $ - $ - $ -
Interest on PBO............................. 53 54 47 6 8 8
Return on plan assets....................... (76) (78) (70) - - -
Amortization of unrecognized net loss....... - 2 - (2) (2) (1)
Amortization of prior-service cost.......... 1 1 2 (1) (1) (1)
Curtailment................................. 2 - - (1) - -
---- ---- ---- --- --- ---
Net periodic benefit cost................... (8) (9) (3) 2 5 6
Defined contribution plans.................. 4 4 4 - - -
---- ---- ---- --- --- ---
Net periodic benefit cost................... $ (4) $ (5) $ 1 $ 2 $ 5 $ 6
---- ---- ---- --- --- ---
---- ---- ---- --- --- ---
The assumptions used in the measurement of the Company's benefit obligations
are shown in the following table:
OTHER
POSTRETIREMENT
PENSION BENEFITS BENEFITS
------------------------------------------- ------------------
2001 2000 1999 2001 2000 1999
---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ----
Weighted-average assumptions
as of December 31
Discount rate............. 5.75%-7.50% 6.50%-7.50% 6.50%-7.50% 7.50% 7.50% 7.50%
Expected return on plan
assets.................. 8.00%-9.00% 8.00%-9.00% 8.00%-9.00% - - -
Rate of compensation
increase................ 3.75%-4.50% 4.00%-5.00% 4.00%-5.00% - - -
Assumed health care cost trend rates have a significant effect on the
amounts reported for the health care plans. The assumed healthcare cost trend
rate used in measuring the healthcare portion of the postretirement benefit
obligation at December 31, 2001 was 9.5% for 2002, declining gradually to 5.5%
for 2010 and thereafter. A 1% increase or decrease in assumed health care cost
trend rates would affect service and interest components of postretirement
health care benefit costs by $1 in each of the years ended December 31, 2001 and
2000. The effect on the accumulated postretirement benefit obligation would be
$4 and $6 at December 31, 2001 and 2000, respectively.
NOTE 11 -- STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION PLANS
Omnibus Incentive Compensation Plan: In January 2001, the Company adopted
the Omnibus Incentive Compensation Plan (the 'Omnibus Incentive Plan') to
optimize the profitability and growth of the Company through annual and
long-term incentives that are consistent with the Company's goals and to link
the personal interests of the participants to those of the Company's
shareholders. A maximum of 3,200,000 shares of Common Stock is reserved for
delivery to participants under the Omnibus Incentive Plan.
The Omnibus Incentive Plan provides for the following types of awards
(i) stock options, including incentive stock options and non-qualified stock
options; (ii) stock appreciation rights; (iii) restricted shares;
(iv) performance units; (v) performance shares; (vi) stock awards; and
(vii) cash-based awards. Awards can be granted to employees and non-employee
directors.
66
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
The Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors determines the vesting
schedule and expiration date of all options granted under the Omnibus Incentive
Plan, except that all options expire no later than ten years from the date of
grant. Stock options are to be granted at exercise prices no less than the
market price of the Company's Common Stock on the date of grant. All grants
under the Omnibus Incentive Plan fully vest in the event of a change-in-control
(as defined by the plan) of the Company.
In January 2001, a limited number of executive officers and key employees of
the Company received performance unit awards under the Omnibus Incentive Plan
for the three-year performance period ending December 31, 2003. In addition,
these individuals were awarded an aggregate of 655,000 non-qualified stock
options in May 2001. These awards vest in three equal annual installments
commencing on the first anniversary of the date of grant, and expire ten years
from the date of grant. No other awards were granted under the Omnibus Incentive
Plan at December 31, 2001. The compensation expense for this plan was not
significant in 2001.
The Company has authorization under the Omnibus Incentive Plan to grant
awards for up to an additional 2,545,000 shares at December 31, 2001.
Stock Incentive Plan: The Company has a Stock Incentive Plan for the purpose
of enhancing the profitability and value of the Company for the benefit of its
shareholders. A maximum of 3,909,000 shares of Common Stock may be issued or
used for reference purposes pursuant to the Stock Incentive Plan.
The Stock Incentive Plan provides for the following types of awards to
employees: (i) stock options, including incentive stock options and
non-qualified stock options; (ii) stock appreciation rights; (iii) restricted
shares; (iv) performance units; and, (v) performance shares. The vesting
schedule for granted restricted share awards was as follows: (i) three equal
tranches aggregating 25% of the total award vesting in each of October 1999,
2000 and 2001; and, (ii) three equal tranches aggregating 75% of the total award
subject to the achievement of 'value creation' performance criteria established
by the Compensation Committee for each of the three performance cycles
commencing January 1, 1997 and ending December 31, 1999, 2000 and 2001,
respectively. Half of the earned portion of a tranche relating to a particular
performance-based cycle of the award vested immediately and the remainder vests
in five equal annual installments commencing on the first anniversary of the end
of the cycle.
Stock options granted under the Stock Incentive Plan vest three years from
the date of grant and expire ten years from the date of grant. All stock options
have been granted at exercise prices equal to the market price of the Company's
Common Stock on the date of grant. All grants under the Stock Incentive Plan
fully vest in the event of a change-in-control (as defined by the plan) of the
Company. Additionally, all options granted prior to January 1, 2002 to employees
of the Company's operating subsidiaries fully vest when a change-in-control of
the relevant subsidiary (as defined by the plan) occurs.
At December 31, 2001 the Company had the authorization under the Stock
Incentive Plan to grant awards for up to an additional 838,651 shares.
Unearned restricted shares, based on the market value of the shares at each
balance sheet date, are included as a separate component of Shareholders' equity
and amortized over the restricted period. Income of $2 and $6 and compensation
expense of $8 was recognized for the years ended December 31, 2001, 2000 and
1999, respectively.
67
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
A summary of changes in the awards of restricted stock and options under all
plans (other than awards to non-employee directors) is as follows:
WEIGHTED- WEIGHTED-
RESTRICTED AVERAGE STOCK AVERAGE
SHARES GRANT PRICE OPTIONS EXERCISE PRICE
------ ----------- ------- --------------
Balance at December 31, 1998................... 2,457,309 $23.81 505,000 $21.15
Vested and issued.......................... (218,201) 23.89 (18,000) 19.00
Cancelled.................................. (26,884) 29.27 (31,000) 21.23
Granted.................................... - 82,000 24.52
--------- ---------
Balance at December 31, 1999................... 2,212,224 23.71 538,000 21.75
Vested and issued.......................... (460,914) 23.70 (5,000) 19.00
Cancelled.................................. (172,495) 23.75 (40,000) 21.24
Granted.................................... - 117,000 19.07
--------- ---------
Balance at December 31, 2000................... 1,578,815 23.73 610,000 21.31
Vested and issued.......................... (298,065) 23.81 - -
Cancelled.................................. (641,427) 23.39 (57,000) 21.33
Granted.................................... - - 748,000 16.83
--------- ---------
Balance at December 31, 2001................... 639,323 23.69 1,301,000 18.73
--------- ---------
--------- ---------
For stock options outstanding at December 31, 2001, the range of exercise
prices was $15.45 to $34.875 per share, and the estimated weighted-average
remaining contractual life was 5 years. The weighted-average fair value of stock
options at grant date approximated $3 per share, $9 per share and $10 per share
for 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively, using a Black-Scholes model with the
following assumptions: expected dividend yield of 4.4%, 2.4% and 2.4% for 2001,
2000, and 1999, respectively; risk-free interest rate of 5% in 2001 and 6% in
each of 2000 and 1999; an expected life of 5 years; and, an expected volatility
of 39%, 60% and 50% for 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively. At December 31, 2001,
377,000 options were exercisable at an average price of $21.42 per share option.
Salary and Bonus Deferral Plan: The Company has a deferred compensation plan
that permits officers and certain management employees to defer a portion of
their compensation on a pre-tax basis in the form of Common Stock. A rabbi trust
(the 'Trust') has been established to hold shares of Common Stock purchased in
open market transactions to fund this obligation. Shares purchased by the Trust
are reflected as Treasury stock, at cost, and, along with the related obligation
for this plan, are included in Shareholders' equity. At December 31, 2001,
462,288 shares have been purchased at a total cost of $10 and are held in the
Trust.
Long Term Incentive Plan: The Company has a Long Term Incentive Plan for
certain management employees. The plan provides for awards of Common Stock to be
granted if annual EVA'r' targets are achieved. Such earned shares are held in a
trust until vested, which is three years from the date of grant. Unvested shares
will be forfeited. At December 31, 2001, 68,353 shares have been purchased at a
total cost of $1 and are held in trust. Compensation expense was not significant
in 2001, 2000 and 1999.
Executive Long Term Incentive Plan: In 2000, the Company established an
Executive Long Term Incentive Plan for its senior executives. One half of the
award granted to each executive provides for Common Stock to be granted if
annual EVA'r' targets are achieved. Such earned shares are held in a trust until
vested, which is three years from the date of grant. Unvested shares will be
forfeited. At December 31, 2001, 240,696 shares have been purchased at a total
cost of $4 and are held in trust. The remaining half of the award is based on
the Company's performance against its peer group (companies in the Standard &
Poor's Chemical Composite Index) over a three-year period. This award will be
paid in cash. Compensation expense was $3 in each of 2001 and 2000.
SFAS No. 123: The Company adopted the disclosure-only provisions of SFAS No.
123, 'Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation' ('SFAS No. 123'). The impact on
net income and earnings per share
68
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
would have been $1 and $0.01 per share, respectively, in each of 2001, 2000 and
1999 had compensation expense for the Company's stock-based compensation plans
been determined based on the fair value of such grants on the grant date in
accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 123.
NOTE 12 -- RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
One of the Company's subsidiaries purchases ethylene from Equistar at
market-related prices pursuant to an agreement made in connection with the
formation of Equistar. Under the agreement, the subsidiary is required to
purchase 100% of its ethylene requirements for its La Porte, Texas facility up
to a maximum of 330 million pounds per year. The initial term of the contract
was through December 1, 2000 and automatically renews annually. Either party may
terminate on one year's notice, and neither party has provided such notice. The
subsidiary incurred charges of $53, $90 and $54 in 2001, 2000 and 1999,
respectively, under this contract.
One of the Company's subsidiaries sells VAM to Equistar at formula-based
prices pursuant to an agreement entered into in connection with the formation of
Equistar. Under this agreement, Equistar is required to purchase 100% of its VAM
feedstock requirements for its La Porte, Texas and Clinton and Morris, Illinois
plants, estimated to be 48 to 55 million pounds per year, up to a maximum of 60
million pounds per year (the 'Annual Maximum') for the production of ethylene
vinyl acetate products at those locations. If Equistar fails to purchase at
least 42 million pounds of VAM in any calendar year, the Annual Maximum quantity
may be reduced by as much as the total purchase deficiency for one or more
successive years. In order to reduce the Annual Maximum quantity, Equistar must
be notified within at least 30 days prior to restricting the VAM purchases
provided that the notice is not later than 45 days after the year of the
purchase deficiency. The initial term of the contract was through December 31,
2000 and renews annually. Either party may terminate on one year's notice, and
neither party has provided such notice. During the years ended December 31,
2001, 2000 and 1999, sales to Equistar were $14, $16 and $12, respectively.
One of the Company's subsidiaries and Equistar have entered into various
operating, manufacturing and technical service agreements. These agreements
provide the subsidiary with certain utilities, steam, administrative office
space, and health, safety and environmental services. The subsidiary incurred
charges of $17, $23 and $19 in 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively, for such
services. In addition, the subsidiary charged Equistar $18, $13, and $13 in
2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively, for electricity.
NOTE 13 -- COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Legal and Environmental: Certain subsidiaries of the Company have been named
as defendants, PRPs or both in a number of environmental proceedings, including
the Kalamazoo River site for which a study group of which the Company's
subsidiary is a member estimates collective remediation liability of
approximately $73. In addition, the Company and various of its subsidiaries are
defendants in a number of other pending legal proceedings relating to present
and former operations. These include proceedings alleging injurious exposure of
the plaintiffs to various chemicals and other materials on the premises of, or
manufactured by, the Company's current and former subsidiaries, cases alleging
historic premises-based exposure to asbestos-containing materials at various
worksites and cases alleging personal injury, property damage and remediation
costs associated with use of lead in paint. Typically, such proceedings involve
claims made by many plaintiffs against many defendants in the chemical industry.
With respect to the non-environmental legal proceedings referred to above,
the Company believes that it has valid defenses and intends to defend them
vigorously. However, litigation is subject to uncertainties and the Company is
unable to guarantee the outcome of these proceedings. The Company believes that
the reasonably probable and estimable range of potential liability for such
contingencies collectively, which primarily relates to environmental remediation
activities and other environmental proceedings, is between $80 and $90 and has
accrued $83 as of December 31, 2001. The Company
69
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
expects that cash expenditures related to these potential liabilities will not
be concentrated in any single year and, based on information currently
available, the Company does not expect the outcome of these proceedings, either
individually or in the aggregate, will have a material adverse effect on the
consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows of the
Company.
Together with other alleged past manufacturers of lead-based paint and lead
pigments for use in paint, a current subsidiary, as well as alleged predecessor
companies, have been named as defendants in various legal proceedings alleging
that they and other manufacturers are responsible for personal injury, property
damage, and remediation costs allegedly associated with the use of these
products. The plaintiffs in these legal proceedings include municipalities,
school districts, individuals and one state, and seek recovery under a variety
of theories, including negligence, failure to warn, breach of warranty,
conspiracy, market share liability, fraud, misrepresentation and nuisance. These
legal proceedings are in various pre-trial stages. The Company is vigorously
defending all lead-related legal proceedings.
Certain Company subsidiaries have been named as defendants, PRPs, or both,
in a number of environmental proceedings associated with waste disposal sites
and facilities currently or previously owned, operated or used by the Company's
subsidiaries or their predecessors, some of which are on the Superfund National
Priorities List of the United States Environmental Protection Agency ('EPA') or
similar state lists. The Company has estimated its individual exposure at these
to be between twenty-five thousand US dollars and $29. One potentially
significant Site at which a Company subsidiary is a PRP concerns alleged
polychlorinated biphenyl contamination of a section of the Kalamazoo River in
Michigan. In October 2000, the Kalamazoo River Study Group, of which the
Company's subsidiary is a member, submitted to the State of Michigan a Draft
Remedial Investigation and Draft Feasibility Study which evaluated a number of
remedial options and recommended a remedy involving the stabilization of several
miles of river bank and the long-term monitoring of river sediments at a total
collective cost of approximately $73. The Company has accrued for its estimated
share of costs for this matter. The EPA has now taken over from the State as
lead agency at the Site. Neither the EPA nor the State of Michigan has commented
on the draft study.
Celanese filed suit against Millennium Petrochemicals on September 30, 1999
in the United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas alleging
infringement of a Celanese patent relating to acetic acid production technology.
In the suit, Celanese seeks monetary damages and injunctive relief, including
royalties. The Company has substantial defenses to this lawsuit and is
vigorously defending it.
On January 16, 2002, Slidell filed a lawsuit against Millennium Inorganic
Chemicals alleging breach of contract and other related causes of action arising
out of a contract between the two parties for the supply of packaging equipment.
The Company believes it has substantial defenses to these allegations and has
filed a counterclaim against Slidell.
Purchase Commitments: The Company has various agreements for the purchase of
ore used in the production of TiO[u]2 and certain other agreements to purchase
raw materials and utilities with various terms extending through 2020. The fixed
and determinable portion of obligations under purchase commitments with terms
greater than one year at December 31, 2001 (at current exchange rates, where
applicable) is as follows:
ORE OTHER TOTAL
--- ----- -----
2002........................................................ $ 73 $ 103 $ 176
2003........................................................ 74 110 184
2004........................................................ 54 87 141
2005........................................................ 21 88 109
2006........................................................ - 85 85
2007 through 2020........................................... - 831 831
---- ------ ------
Total................................................... $222 $1,304 $1,526
---- ------ ------
---- ------ ------
70
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
One of the Company's subsidiaries has entered into an agreement with DuPont
to toll acetic acid through DuPont's VAM plant, thereby acquiring all of the VAM
production at such plant not utilized by DuPont. The tolling fee is based on the
market price of ethylene, plus a processing charge. The term of the contract is
from January 1, 2001 through December 31, 2006, and thereafter from
year-to-year. The total commitment over the remaining term of the contract is
expected to be $296.
Other Contingencies: The Company is organized under the laws of Delaware and
is subject to United States federal income taxation of corporations. However, in
order to obtain clearance from the United Kingdom Inland Revenue as to the
tax-free treatment of the Demerger stock dividend for United Kingdom tax
purposes for Hanson and Hanson's shareholders, Hanson agreed with the United
Kingdom Inland Revenue that the Company would continue to be centrally managed
and controlled in the United Kingdom at least until September 30, 2001. The
Company agreed with Hanson not to take, or fail to take, during such five-year
period, any action that would result in a breach of, or constitute
non-compliance with, any of the representations and undertakings made by Hanson
in its agreement with the United Kingdom Inland Revenue. The Company also agreed
to indemnify Hanson against any liability and penalties arising out of a breach
of such agreement.
Effective February 4, 2002, the Company ceased being centrally managed and
controlled in the United Kingdom. The Company believes that it has satisfied all
obligations that it be managed and controlled in the United Kingdom for the
requisite five-year period.
NOTE 14 -- OPERATIONS BY BUSINESS SEGMENT AND GEOGRAPHIC AREA
Using the guidelines set forth in SFAS No. 131, 'Disclosures about Segments
of an Enterprise and Related Information', the Company's principal operations
are managed and grouped as three separate business segments: Titanium Dioxide
and Related Products; Acetyls; and, Specialty Chemicals. The accounting policies
of the segments are the same as those described in Note 1.
Most of the Company's foreign operations are conducted by subsidiaries in
the United Kingdom, France, Brazil and Australia. Sales between the Company's
operations are made on terms similar to those of its third-party distributors.
Income and expense not allocated to business segments in computing operating
income include interest income and expense, other income and expense of a
general corporate nature and equity in earnings (loss) of Equistar.
Export sales from the United States for the years ended December 31, 2001,
2000 and 1999 were approximately $245, $201 and $144, respectively.
71
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
2001 2000 1999
---- ---- ----
Net sales
Titanium Dioxide and Related Products................... $1,145 $1,355 $1,250
Acetyls................................................. 355 337 227
Specialty Chemicals..................................... 90 101 112
------ ------ ------
Total............................................... $1,590 $1,793 $1,589
------ ------ ------
------ ------ ------
Operating income (loss)
Titanium Dioxide and Related Products................... $ 49 $ 144 $ 112
Acetyls................................................. (14) 49 27
Specialty Chemicals..................................... 11 20 29
------ ------ ------
Total............................................... $ 46(2) $ 213 $ 168
------ ------ ------
------ ------ ------
Depreciation and amortization
Titanium Dioxide and Related Products................... $ 81 $ 85 $ 79
Acetyls................................................. 21 20 18
Specialty Chemicals..................................... 8 8 8
------ ------ ------
Total............................................... $ 110 $ 113 $ 105
------ ------ ------
------ ------ ------
Capital expenditures
Titanium Dioxide and Related Products................... $ 82 $ 96 $ 91
Acetyls................................................. 6 7 11
Specialty Chemicals..................................... 3 7 7
Corporate............................................... 6 - -
------ ------ ------
Total............................................... $ 97 $ 110 $ 109
------ ------ ------
------ ------ ------
Identifiable assets
Titanium Dioxide and Related Products................... $1,358 $1,469
Acetyls................................................. 670 706
Specialty Chemicals..................................... 96 103
Corporate (1)........................................... 880 942
------ ------
Total............................................... $3,004 $3,220
------ ------
------ ------
---------
(1) Corporate assets consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, the
Company's interest in Equistar and other assets.
(2) Includes non-recurring restructuring and plant closure charges of $36.
72
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
(DOLLARS IN MILLIONS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)
2001 2000 1999
---- ---- ----
Net sales
United States........................................... $ 983 $1,077 $ 921
------ ------ ------
Non-United States
United Kingdom...................................... 364 428 325
France.............................................. 179 205 213
Asia/Pacific........................................ 160 183 157
Brazil.............................................. 113 148 144
------ ------ ------
816 964 839
------ ------ ------
Inter-area elimination.................................. (209) (248) (171)
------ ------ ------
Total............................................... $1,590 $1,793 $1,589
------ ------ ------
------ ------ ------
Operating income (loss)
United States........................................... $ (18) $ 140 $ 173
------ ------ ------
Non-United States
United Kingdom...................................... (7) 10 (17)
France.............................................. (8) 15 4
Asia/Pacific........................................ 51 55 34
Brazil.............................................. 30 21 27
------ ------ ------
66 101 48
------ ------ ------
Inter-area elimination.................................. (2) (28) (53)
------ ------ ------
Total............................................... $ 46 (1) $ 213 $ 168
------ ------ ------
------ ------ ------
Identifiable assets
United States........................................... $2,168 $2,299
------ ------
Non-United States
United Kingdom...................................... 363 392
France.............................................. 216 199
Asia/Pacific........................................ 114 119
Brazil.............................................. 134 160
All Other........................................... 9 51
------ ------
836 921
------ ------
Total............................................... $3,004 $3,220
------ ------
------ ------
---------
(1) Includes non-recurring restructuring and plant closure charges of $36.
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
None.
73
PART III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
The information is included under the caption 'Executive Officers' in
Item 1 of this Annual Report.
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The information to be included under the captions 'Corporate Governance',
-- 'Directors' Remuneration and Attendance at Meetings' and 'Executive
Compensation' in the Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
The information to be included under the caption 'Ownership of Common Stock'
in the Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
The information about loans between the Company and certain of its executive
officers to be included under the caption 'Executive Agreements and Other
Relationships' in the Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference. The
amount of the loans disclosed therein is the largest aggregate amount of
indebtedness outstanding between the Company and each such executive officer
during the period January 1, 2002 and the date of this Annual Report, as well as
the amount outstanding on the date hereof.
74
PART IV
ITEM 14. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULE AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K
(a) THE FOLLOWING DOCUMENTS ARE FILED AS PART OF THIS REPORT:
1. Supplemental Financial Information.
The Supplemental Financial Information relating to the Company,
Millennium America and Equistar consist of the following:
PAGE OF
THIS REPORT
-----------
Supplemental Financial Information of the Company:
Supplemental Financial Information...................... F-1
Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheets -- December 31,
2001 and 2000......................................... F-2
Condensed Consolidating Statements of
Operations -- Years Ended December 31, 2001, 2000 and
1999.................................................. F-3
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Cash
Flows -- Years Ended December 31, 2001, 2000 and
1999.................................................. F-4
Financial Statements of Equistar:
Report of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP.................... F-6
Consolidated Statements of Income -- Years Ended
December 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999...................... F-7
Consolidated Balance Sheets -- December 31, 2001 and
2000.................................................. F-8
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows -- Years Ended
December 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999...................... F-9
Consolidated Statements of Partners' Capital -- Years
Ended December 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999................ F-10
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.............. F-11 to F-27
2. Financial Statement Schedule.
Financial Statement Schedule II -- Valuation and Qualifying Accounts,
located on page S-1 of this Annual Report, should be read in conjunction
with the Financial Statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report.
Schedules, other than Schedule II, are omitted because of the absence of the
conditions under which they are required or because the information called
for is included in the Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company or
the Notes thereto.
3. Exhibits.
EXHIBIT
NUMBER DESCRIPTION OF DOCUMENT
------ -----------------------
3.1 -- Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company (Filed as
Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form 10 (File
No. 1-12091) (the 'Form 10'))*
3.2 -- By-laws of the Company (as amended on February 4, 2002)**
4.1(a) -- Form of Indenture, dated as of November 27, 1996, among Millennium America
(formerly named Hanson America Inc.), the Company and The Bank of New York,
as Trustee, in respect of the 7% Senior Notes due November 15, 2006 and the
7.625% Senior Debentures due November 15, 2026 (Filed as Exhibit 4.1 to the
Registration Statement of the Company and Millennium America on Form S-1
(Registration No. 333-15975) (the 'Form S-1'))*
4.1(b) -- First Supplemental Indenture dated as of November 21, 1997 among
Millennium America, the Company and The Bank of New York, as Trustee (Filed
as Exhibit 4.1(b) to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year
ended December 31, 1997 (the '1997 Form 10-K'))*
75
EXHIBIT
NUMBER DESCRIPTION OF DOCUMENT
------ -----------------------
4.2 -- Indenture, dated as of June 18, 2001, among Millennium
America as Issuer, the Company as Guarantor, and The Bank
of New York, as Trustee (including the form of 9 1/4%
Senior Notes due 2008 and the Note Guarantee) (filed as
Exhibit 4.1 to the Registration Statement of the Company
and Millennium America (Registration Nos. 333-65650 and
333-65650-1 on Form S-4 (the 'Form S-4'))*
10.1 -- Form of Post-Demerger Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as
of September 30, 1996, between Hanson and MHC Inc.
(including related form of Indemnification Agreement and
Tax Sharing and Indemnification Agreement) (Filed as
Exhibit 10.6 to the Form 10)*
10.2 -- Demerger Agreement, dated as of September 30, 1996,
between Hanson, Millennium Overseas Holdings Ltd.
(formerly Hanson Overseas Holdings Ltd.) and the Company
(Filed as Exhibit 10.7 to the Form 10)*
10.3 -- Form of Indemnification Agreement, dated as of September
30, 1996, between Hanson and the Company (Filed as Exhibit
10.8 to the Form 10)*
10.4 -- Form of Tax Sharing and Indemnification Agreement, dated
as of September 30, 1996, between Hanson, Millennium
Overseas Holdings Ltd., Millennium America Holdings Inc.
(formerly HM Anglo American Ltd.), Hanson North America
Inc. and the Company (Filed as Exhibit 10.9(a) to the
Form 10)*
10.5(a) -- Deed of Tax Covenant, dated as of September 30, 1996,
between Hanson, Millennium Overseas Holdings Ltd.,
Millennium Inorganic Chemicals Limited (formerly SCM
Chemicals Limited), SCMC Holdings B.V. (formerly Hanson
SCMC B.V.), Millennium Inorganic Chemicals Ltd. (formerly
SCM Chemicals Ltd.), and the Company (the 'Deed of Tax
Covenant') (Filed as Exhibit 10.9(b) to the Form 10)*
10.5(b) -- Amendment to the Deed of Tax Covenant dated January 28,
1997 (Filed as Exhibit 10.9(c) to the Company's Annual
Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1996
(the '1996 Form 10-K'))*
10.6(a) -- Credit Agreement, dated June 18, 2001, among Millennium
America Inc., as Borrower, Millennium Inorganic Chemicals
Limited, as Borrower, certain borrowing subsidiaries of
Millennium Chemicals Inc., from time to time party
thereto, Millennium Chemicals Inc., as Guarantor, the
lenders from time to time party thereto, Bank of America,
N.A., as Syndication Agent and The Chase Manhattan Bank as
Administrative Agent and collateral agent (filed as
Exhibit 10.1 to the Form S-4)*
10.6(b) -- First Amendment, dated as of December 14, 2001, to the
Credit Agreement dated as of June 18, 2001, with Bank of
America, N.A. and JP Morgan Chase Bank and the lenders
party thereto (filed as Exhibit 99.1 to the Company's
Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 18, 2001)*
10.7 -- Form of Agreement, dated as of July 24, 1998, between
Millennium America Holdings Inc. and William M. Landuyt,
Robert E. Lee, C. William Carmean, Richard A. Lamond, and
John E. Lushefski (Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended
September 30, 1998 (the 'September 30, 1998, Form
10-Q'))*'D'
10.8 -- Form of Agreement, dated as of July 24, 1998, between
each of the Company's operating subsidiaries and certain
officers of such subsidiaries. (Filed as Exhibit 10.2 to
the September 30, 1998, Form 10-Q)*'D'
10.9 -- Form of Agreement, dated as of July 24, 1998, between
Millennium Petrochemicals Inc. and each of Peter P. Hanik
and Charles F. Daly (Filed as Exhibit 10.17 to the
Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended
December 31, 1998 (the '1998 Form 10-K'))*'D'
10.10 -- Form of Change-in-Control Agreement, dated as of July 24,
1998, between Millennium America Holdings Inc. and each of
A. Mickelson Foster, James A. Lofredo, Corey A. Siegel and
Christine F. Wubbolding (Filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the
September 30, 1998 Form 10-Q)*'D'
76
EXHIBIT
NUMBER DESCRIPTION OF DOCUMENT
------ -----------------------
10.11 -- Form of Change-in-Control Agreement between each of the
Company's operating subsidiaries and certain officers of
such subsidiaries who are not executive officers of the
Company (Filed as Exhibit 10.19 to the 1998
Form 10-K)*'D'
10.12(a) -- Millennium Chemicals Inc. Annual Performance Incentive
Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.23 to the Form 10)*'D'
10.12(b) -- Amendment Number 1 dated January 20, 1997, to the
Millennium Chemicals Inc. Annual Performance Plan. (Filed
as Exhibit 10.23(b) to the 1996 Form 10-K)*'D'
10.12(c) -- Amendment Number 2 dated January 23, 1998, to the
Millennium Chemicals Inc. Annual Performance Incentive
Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.23(c) to the 1997
Form 10-K)*'D'
10.12(d) -- Amendment Number 3 dated January 22, 1999, to the
Millennium Chemicals Inc. Annual Performance Incentive
Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.20(d) to the 1998 Form 10-K)*'D'
10.13(a) -- Millennium Chemicals Inc. Long Term Stock Incentive Plan
(Filed as Exhibit 10.25 to the Form 10)*'D'
10.13(b) -- Amendment Number 1 to the Millennium Chemicals Inc. Long
Term Stock Incentive Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.6 to the
Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter
ended September 30, 1997)*'D'
10.13(c) -- Amendment dated July 24, 1997 to the Millennium Chemicals
Inc. Long Term Stock Incentive Plan (Filed as Exhibit
10.25(c) to the 1997 Form 10-K)*'D'
10.13(d) -- Amendments dated January 23, 1998 and December 10, 1998,
to the Millennium Chemicals Inc. Long Term Stock Incentive
Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.23(d) to the 1998 Form 10-K)*'D'
10.14 -- Millennium Chemicals Inc. Supplemental Executive
Retirement Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.15(a) to the
Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended
December 31, 2000 (the '2000 Form 10-K'))*'D'
10.15 -- Millennium Chemicals Grandfathered Supplemental Executive
Retirement Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.15(b) to the 2000
Form 10-K)*'D'
10.16 -- Millennium Petrochemicals Grandfathered Supplemental
Executive Retirement Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.16 to the
2000 Form 10-K)*'D'
10.17 -- Millennium Inorganic Chemicals Grandfathered Supplemental
Executive Retirement Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.17 to the
2000 Form 10-K)*'D'
10.18 -- Millennium Specialty Chemicals Grandfathered Supplemental
Executive Retirement Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.18 to the
2000 Form 10-K+)*'D'
10.19(a) -- Millennium Chemicals Inc. Salary and Bonus Deferral Plan
(Filed as Exhibit 10.30 to the 1996 Form 10-K)*'D'
10.19(b) -- Amendment Number 1 dated January 23, 1998, to the
Millennium Chemicals Inc. Salary and Bonus Deferral Plan
(Filed as Exhibit 10.30(b) to the 1997 Form 10-K)*'D'
10.19(c) -- Amendment Number 2 dated January 22, 1999, to the
Millennium Chemicals Inc. Salary and Bonus Deferral Plan
(Filed as Exhibit 10.28(c) to the 1998 Form 10-K)*'D'
10.20 -- Millennium Chemicals Inc. Supplemental Savings and
Investment Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.29 to the 1998 Form
10-K)*'D'
10.21 -- Millennium Chemicals Inc. Long Term Incentive Plan (Filed
as Exhibit 10.21 to the 2000 Form 10-K)*'D'
10.22 -- Millennium Chemicals Inc. Executive Long Term Incentive
Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.22 to the 2000 Form 10-K)*'D'
10.23 -- Millennium America Holdings Inc. Long Term Incentive Plan
and Executive Long Term Incentive Plan Trust Agreement
(Filed as Exhibit 10.23 to the 2000 Form 10-K)*'D'
77
EXHIBIT
NUMBER DESCRIPTION OF DOCUMENT
------ -----------------------
10.24(a) -- Millennium Chemicals Inc. Omnibus Incentive Compensation
Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.24 to the 2000 Form 10-K)*'D'
10.24(b) -- Form of Stock Option Agreement under Omnibus Incentive
Compensation Plan**'D'
10.25(a) -- Master Transaction Agreement between the Company and
Lyondell (Filed as an Exhibit to the Company's Current
Report on Form 8-K dated July 25, 1997)*
10.25(b) -- First Amendment to Master Transaction Agreement between
Lyondell and the Company (Filed as an Exhibit to the
Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 17,
1997)*
10.26 -- Amended and Restated Limited Partnership Agreement of
Equistar Chemicals, LP as amended through August 24, 2001
(Filed as Exhibit 10.6 to the Company's Quarterly Report
on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2001 (the
'September 30, 2001 Form 10-Q))*
10.27(a) -- Asset Contribution Agreement (the 'Millennium Asset
Contribution Agreement') among Millennium Petrochemicals,
Millennium Petrochemicals LP LLC and Equistar (Filed as an
Exhibit to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated
December 10, 1997)*
10.27(b) -- First Amendment to the Millennium Asset Contribution
Agreement dated as of May 15, 1998 (Filed as Exhibit
10.23(b) to the 1999 Form 10-K)*
10.27(c) -- Second Amendment to the Asset Contribution Agreement
among Millennium Chemicals Inc., Millennium Petrochemicals
LP LLC, and Equistar Chemicals, LP*
10.28 -- First Amendment to Lyondell Asset Contribution Agreement
dated as of May 15, 1998 (Filed as Exhibit 10.24(b) to the
1999 Form 10-K)*
10.29(a) -- Amended and Restated Parent Agreement among Lyondell, the
Company, Occidental, Oxy CH Corporation, Occidental
Chemical Corporation, and Equistar, dated as of May 15,
1998, (Filed as Exhibit 10.37 to the 1998 Form 10-K)*
10.29(b) -- First Amendment to Amended and Restated Parent Agreement,
dated as of June 30, 1998 (Filed as Exhibit 10.25(b) to
the 1999 form 10-K)*
10.30(a) -- Letter Agreement dated as of August 24, 2001 between
Millennium America Inc. and Equistar (Filed as Exhibit 10.3
to the September 30, 2001 Form 10-Q)*
10.30(b) -- Indemnity Agreement dated as of August 24, 2001 between
Millennium America Inc. and Equistar (Filed as Exhibit 10.4
to the September 30, 2001 Form 10-Q)*
10.30(c) -- Indemnity Agreement dated as of August 24, 2001 between
Millennium America Inc. and Equistar (Filed as Exhibit 10.5
to the September 30, 2001 Form 10-Q)*
11.1 -- Statement re: computation of per share earnings **
21.1 -- Subsidiaries of the Company **
23.1 -- Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP **
23.2 -- Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP **
99.1 -- Information relevant to forward-looking statements**
99.2 -- Form of Letter Agreement, dated July 3, 1996, between
Hanson and United Kingdom Inland Revenue (Filed as Exhibit
99.2 to the Form 10)*
In addition, the Company hereby agrees to furnish to the SEC, upon request, a
copy of any instrument not listed above that defines the rights of the holders
of long-term debt of the Company and its subsidiaries.
---------
* Incorporated by reference
(footnotes continued on next page)
78
(footnotes continued from previous page)
** Filed herewith
'D' Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement required to be
filed pursuant to Item 14(c).
(b) REPORTS ON FORM 8-K.
Current Reports on Form 8-K dated October 3, 2001, October 30, 2001, December
19, 2001, February 1, 2002 and March 20, 2002 were filed during the quarter
ended December 31, 2001 and through the date hereof.
79
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on
its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
By: /s/ WILLIAM M. LANDUYT
..................................
WILLIAM M. LANDUYT
CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD, PRESIDENT
AND CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER
March 29, 2002
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this
Annual Report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the
registrant and in the capacities indicated, and on the date set forth above.
SIGNATURE TITLE
--------- -----
/S/ WILLIAM M. LANDUYT Chairman of the Board, President, Chief Executive
......................................... Officer and Director (principal executive officer)
(WILLIAM M. LANDUYT)
/S/ ROBERT E. LEE Executive Vice President -- Growth and Development and
......................................... Director
(ROBERT E. LEE)
/S/ JOHN E. LUSHEFSKI Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
......................................... (chief accounting officer)
(JOHN E. LUSHEFSKI)
/S/ LORD BAKER Director
.........................................
(LORD BAKER)
/S/ WORLEY H. CLARK, JR. Director
.........................................
(WORLEY H. CLARK, JR.)
/S/ MARTIN D. GINSBURG Director
.........................................
(MARTIN D. GINSBURG)
/S/ LORD GLENARTHUR Director
.........................................
(LORD GLENARTHUR)
/S/ DAVID J. P. MEACHIN Director
.........................................
(DAVID J. P. MEACHIN)
/S/ MARTIN G. TAYLOR Director
.........................................
(MARTIN G. TAYLOR)
80
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
SUPPLEMENTAL FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Millennium America, a wholly owned indirect subsidiary of the Company, is a
holding company for all of the Company's operating subsidiaries other than its
operations in the United Kingdom, France, Brazil and Australia. Millennium
America is the issuer of the 7% Senior Notes, the 7.625% Senior Debentures, and
the 9.25% Senior Notes, and is the principal borrower under the Company's
five-year Credit Agreement, which replaced the Company's previously existing
Revolving Credit Agreement. The 7% Senior Notes, the 7.625% Senior Debentures
and the 9.25% Senior Notes, as well as outstanding amounts under the Credit
Agreement, are guaranteed by the Company. Accordingly, the following Condensed
Consolidating Balance Sheets at December 31, 2001 and 2000, and the Condensed
Consolidating Statements of Operations and Cash Flows for each of the three
years in the period ended December 31, 2001, are provided for Millennium
Chemicals Inc. as supplemental financial information of the Company to disclose
the financial position, results of operations and cash flows of the Company,
Millennium America and all subsidiaries of the Company other than Millennium
America. The investment in subsidiaries is accounted for on the equity method.
F-1
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING BALANCE SHEETS
AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2001 AND 2000
MILLENNIUM MILLENNIUM
AMERICA CHEMICALS MILLENNIUM
INC. INC. NON-GUARANTOR CHEMICALS INC. AND
(ISSUER) (GUARANTOR) SUBSIDIARIES ELIMINATIONS SUBSIDIARIES
-------- ----------- ------------ ------------ ------------
(MILLIONS)
2001
ASSETS
Inventories........................... $ - $ - $ 370 $ - $ 370
Other current assets.................. 6 - 384 - 390
Propery, plant and equipment, net..... - - 880 - 880
Investment in Equistar................ - - 677 - 677
Investment in subsidiaries............ 5,220 1,041 - (6,261) -
Other assets.......................... 13 - 296 - 309
Goodwill.............................. - - 378 - 378
Due from parent and affiliates........ 640 - - (640) -
------ ------ ------ ------- ------
Total assets...................... $5,879 $1,041 $2,985 $(6,901) $3,004
------ ------ ------ ------- ------
------ ------ ------ ------- ------
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current maturities of long-term
debt................................ $ 3 $ - $ 8 $ - $ 11
Other current liabilities............. 17 - 355 - 372
Long-term debt........................ 1,156 - 16 - 1,172
Other liabilities..................... - 1 549 - 550
Due to parent and affiliates.......... - 89 551 (640) -
------ ------ ------ ------- ------
Total liabilities................. 1,176 90 1,479 (640) 2,105
Minority interest..................... - - 21 - 21
Shareholders' equity.................. 4,703 951 1,485 (6,261) 878
------ ------ ------ ------- ------
Total liabilities and
shareholders' equity............ $5,879 $1,041 $2,985 $(6,901) $3,004
------ ------ ------ ------- ------
------ ------ ------ ------- ------
2000
ASSETS
Inventories........................... $ - $ - $ 373 $ - $ 373
Other current assets.................. 1 - 513 - 514
Property, plant and equipment, net.... - - 957 - 957
Investment in Equistar................ - - 760 - 760
Investment in subsidiaries............ 5,229 1,033 - (6,262) -
Other assets.......................... 3 - 222 - 225
Goodwill.............................. - - 391 - 391
Due from parent and affiliates........ 633 - - (633) -
------ ------ ------ ------- ------
Total assets...................... $5,866 $1,033 $3,216 $(6,895) $3,220
------ ------ ------ ------- ------
------ ------ ------ ------- ------
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current maturities of long-term
debt................................ $ 360 $ - $ 31 $ - $ 391
Other current liabilities............. 24 - 368 - 392
Long-term debt........................ 749 - 18 - 767
Other liabilities..................... - 3 662 - 665
Due to parent and affiliates.......... - 47 586 (633) -
------ ------ ------ ------- ------
Total liabilities................. 1,133 50 $1,665 $ (633) $2,215
Minority interest..................... - - 22 - 22
Shareholders' equity.................. 4,733 983 1,529 (6,262) 983
------ ------ ------ ------- ------
Total liabilities and
shareholders' equity............ $5,866 $1,033 $3,216 $(6,895) $3,220
------ ------ ------ ------- ------
------ ------ ------ ------- ------
F-2
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2001, 2000, AND 1999
MILLENNIUM MILLENNIUM MILLENNIUM
AMERICA INC. CHEMICALS INC. NON-GUARANTOR CHEMICALS INC.
(ISSUER) (GUARANTOR) SUBSIDIARIES ELIMINATIONS AND SUBSIDIARIES
-------- ----------- ------------ ------------ ----------------
(MILLIONS)
2001
Net sales................................... $ - $ - $1,590 $ - $1,590
Cost of products sold....................... - - 1,252 - 1,252
Depreciation and amortization............... - - 110 - 110
Selling, development and administrative
expense.................................... - - 146 - 146
Reorganization and plant closure............ - - 36 - 36
----- --- ------ ----- ------
Operating income......................... - - 46 - 46
Interest expense, net....................... (81) - (1) - (82)
Intercompany interest income (expense)...... 108 (4) (104) - -
Equity in loss of Equistar.................. - - (90) - (90)
Equity in (loss) earnings of subsidiaries... (62) 8 - 54 -
Other income (expense), net................. (2) (1) - - (3)
(Provision) benefit for income taxes........ (9) - 95 - 86
----- --- ------ ----- ------
Net (loss) income........................ $ (46) $ 3 $ (54) $ 54 $ (43)
----- --- ------ ----- ------
----- --- ------ ----- ------
2000
Net sales................................... $ - $ - $1,793 $ - $1,793
Cost of products sold....................... - - 1,267 - 1,267
Depreciation and amortization............... - - 113 - 113
Selling, development and administrative
expense.................................... - - 200 - 200
----- --- ------ ----- ------
Operating income......................... - - 213 - 213
Interest expense, net....................... (76) - (1) - (77)
Intercompany interest income (expense)...... 109 - (109) - -
Equity in earnings of Equistar.............. - - 39 - 39
Equity in earnings of subsidiaries.......... 59 43 - (102) -
Other income (expense), net................. - (1) 8 - 7
Provision for income taxes.................. (12) - (48) - (60)
----- --- ------ ----- ------
Net income (loss)........................ $ 80 $42 $ 102 $(102) $ 122
----- --- ------ ----- ------
----- --- ------ ----- ------
1999
Net sales................................... $ - $ - $1,589 $ - $1,589
Cost of products sold....................... - - 1,112 - 1,112
Depreciation and amortization............... - - 105 - 105
Selling, development and administrative
expense.................................... - - 204 - 204
----- --- ------ ----- ------
Operating income......................... - - 168 - 168
Interest expense, net....................... (65) - (4) - (69)
Intercompany interest income (expense)...... 111 - (111) - -
Equity in loss of Equistar.................. - - (19) - (19)
Equity in (loss) earnings of subsidiaries... (336) 19 - 317 -
Loss in value of Equistar investment........ - - (639) - (639)
Other income (expense), net................. - (1) 25 - 24
Income from discontinued operations (net of
tax)....................................... - - 38 - 38
(Provision) benefit for income taxes........ (16) - 225 - 209
----- --- ------ ----- ------
Net (loss) income........................ $(306) $18 $ (317) $ 317 $ (288)
----- --- ------ ----- ------
----- --- ------ ----- ------
F-3
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2001, 2000, AND 1999
MILLENNIUM MILLENNIUM MILLENNIUM
AMERICA INC. CHEMICALS INC. NON-GUARANTOR CHEMICALS INC.
(ISSUER) (GUARANTOR) SUBSIDIARIES ELIMINATIONS AND SUBSIDIARIES
-------- ----------- ------------ ------------ ----------------
(MILLIONS)
2001
Cash flows from operating activities....... $ (46) $ (1) $ 105 $ 54 $ 112
Cash flows from investing activities
Capital expenditures.................... - - (97) - (97)
Proceeds from sales of property, plant &
equipment.............................. - - 19 - 19
----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Cash used in investing activities.... - - (78) - (78)
Cash flows from financing activities
Dividends to shareholders............... - (35) - - (35)
Proceeds from long-term debt............ 741 - 42 - 783
Repayment of long-term debt............. (675) - (61) - (736)
Intercompany............................ 2 36 16 (54) -
Decrease in notes payable............... (17) - (17) - (34)
----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Cash provided by (used in) financing
activities......................... 51 1 (20) (54) (22)
----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash.... - - (5) - (5)
----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Increase in cash and cash equivalents...... 5 - 2 - 7
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of
year...................................... - - 107 - 107
----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year... $ 5 $ - $ 109 $ - $ 114
----- ----- ----- ----- -----
----- ----- ----- ----- -----
2000
Cash flows from operating activities....... $ 80 $ 36 $ 6 $(102) $ 20
Cash flows from investing activities
Capital expenditures.................... - - (110) - (110)
Distributions from Equistar............. - - 83 - 83
Proceeds from sales of property, plant &
equipment.............................. - - 4 - 4
----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Cash used in investing activities.... - - (23) - (23)
Cash flows from financing activities
Dividends to shareholders............... - (35) - - (35)
Repurchase of common stock.............. - - (65) - (65)
Proceeds from long-term debt............ 275 - 36 - 311
Repayment of long-term debt............. (165) - (22) - (187)
Intercompany............................ (172) (1) 71 102 -
(Decrease) increase in notes payable.... (18) - 1 - (17)
----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Cash (used in) provided by financing
activities......................... (80) (36) 21 102 7
----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash.... - - (7) - (7)
----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Decrease in cash and cash equivalents...... - - (3) - (3)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of
year...................................... - - 110 - 110
----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year... $ - $ - $ 107 $ - $ 107
----- ----- ----- ----- -----
----- ----- ----- ----- -----
F-4
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS -- (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2001, 2000, AND 1999
MILLENNIUM MILLENNIUM MILLENNIUM
AMERICA INC. CHEMICALS INC. NON-GUARANTOR CHEMICALS INC.
(ISSUER) (GUARANTOR) SUBSIDIARIES ELIMINATIONS AND SUBSIDIARIES
-------- ----------- ------------ ------------ ----------------
(MILLIONS)
1999
Cash flows from operating activities....... $(306) $ 25 $ (13) $ 317 $ 23
Cash flows from investing activities
Capital expenditures.................... - - (109) - (109)
Distributions from Equistar............. - - 75 - 75
Proceeds from syngas transaction........ - - 123 - 123
Proceeds from sale of Suburban Propane
investment............................. - - 75 - 75
Proceeds from sales of property, plant &
equipment.............................. - - 13 - 13
----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Cash provided by investing
activities......................... - - 177 - 177
----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Cash flows from financing activities
Dividends to shareholders............... - (38) - - (38)
Repurchase of common stock.............. - - (200) - (200)
Proceeds from long-term debt............ 115 - 3 - 118
Repayment of long-term debt............. (66) - (27) - (93)
Intercompany............................ 231 13 73 (317) -
Increase in notes payable............... 26 - 1 - 27
----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Cash provided by (used in) financing
activities......................... 306 (25) (150) (317) (186)
----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash.... - - (7) - (7)
----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Increase in cash and cash equivalents...... - - 7 - 7
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of
year...................................... - - 103 - 103
----- ----- ----- ----- -----
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year... $ - $ - $ 110 $ - $ 110
----- ----- ----- ----- -----
----- ----- ----- ----- -----
F-5
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS
To the Partnership Governance Committee
of EQUISTAR CHEMICALS, LP
In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and the related
consolidated statements of income, of partners' capital and of cash flows
present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Equistar
Chemicals, LP (the 'Partnership') and its subsidiaries at December 31, 2001 and
2000, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the
three years in the period ended December 31, 2001 in conformity with accounting
principles generally accepted in the United States of America. These financial
statements are the responsibility of the Partnership's management; our
responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on
our audits. We conducted our audits of these statements in accordance with
auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America, which
require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about
whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit
includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and
disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles
used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall
financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a
reasonable basis for our opinion.
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
PRICEWATERHOUSECOOPERS LLP
Houston, Texas
March 8, 2002
F-6
EQUISTAR CHEMICALS, LP
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
FOR THE YEAR ENDED
DECEMBER 31,
------------------------
2001 2000 1999
---- ---- ----
(MILLIONS OF DOLLARS)
Sales and other operating revenues:
Unrelated parties....................................... $4,583 $5,770 $4,506
Related parties......................................... 1,326 1,725 1,088
------ ------ ------
5,909 7,495 5,594
------ ------ ------
Operating costs and expenses:
Cost of sales........................................... 5,733 6,908 5,002
Selling, general and administrative expenses............ 181 182 259
Research and development expense........................ 39 38 42
Amortization of goodwill................................ 33 33 33
Unusual charges......................................... 22 - 96
------ ------ ------
6,008 7,161 5,432
------ ------ ------
Operating income (loss)................................. (99) 334 162
Interest expense............................................ (192) (185) (182)
Interest income............................................. 3 4 6
Other income, net........................................... 8 - 46
------ ------ ------
Income (loss) before extraordinary item................. (280) 153 32
Extraordinary loss on extinguishment of debt................ (3) - -
------ ------ ------
Net income (loss)........................................... $ (283) $ 153 $ 32
------ ------ ------
------ ------ ------
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
F-7
EQUISTAR CHEMICALS, LP
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
DECEMBER 31,
---------------------
2001 2000
---- ----
(MILLIONS OF DOLLARS)
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents............................... $ 202 $ 18
Accounts receivable:
Trade, net.......................................... 440 568
Related parties..................................... 100 190
Inventories............................................. 448 506
Prepaid expenses and other current assets............... 36 50
------ ------
Total current assets................................ 1,226 1,332
Property, plant and equipment, net.......................... 3,705 3,819
Investment in PD Glycol..................................... 47 53
Goodwill, net............................................... 1,053 1,086
Other assets, net........................................... 277 292
------ ------
Total assets........................................ $6,308 $6,582
------ ------
------ ------
LIABILITIES AND PARTNERS' CAPITAL
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable:
Trade............................................... $ 331 $ 426
Related parties..................................... 29 61
Current maturities of long-term debt.................... 104 90
Accrued liabilities..................................... 197 166
------ ------
Total current liabilities........................... 661 743
Long-term debt.............................................. 2,233 2,158
Other liabilities........................................... 177 141
Commitments and contingencies............................... - -
Partners' capital:
Partners' accounts...................................... 3,257 3,540
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)........... (20) -
------ ------
Total partners' capital............................. 3,237 3,540
------ ------
Total liabilities and partners' capital............. $6,308 $6,582
------ ------
------ ------
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
F-8
EQUISTAR CHEMICALS, LP
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED
DECEMBER 31,
---------------------
2001 2000 1999
---- ---- ----
(MILLIONS OF DOLLARS)
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income (loss)....................................... $(283) $ 153 $ 32
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to cash
provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization....................... 321 310 300
Net (gain) loss on disposition of assets............ (3) 5 35
Extraordinary loss on extinguishment of debt........ 3 - -
Changes in assets and liabilities that provided (used)
cash
Accounts receivable................................. 220 (58) (213)
Inventories......................................... 61 14 17
Accounts payable.................................... (129) 28 119
Accrued liabilities................................. 30 (65) 82
Other assets and liabilities........................ 10 (48) (28)
----- ----- -----
Cash provided by operating activities............... 230 339 344
----- ----- -----
Cash flows from investing activities:
Expenditures for property, plant and equipment.......... (110) (131) (157)
Proceeds from sales of assets........................... 10 4 75
Purchase of business from AT Plastics, Inc.............. (7) - -
----- ----- -----
Cash used in investing activities................... (107) (127) (82)
----- ----- -----
Cash flows from financing activities:
Net borrowing (payments) under lines of credit.......... (820) 20 (502)
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt................ 1,000 - 898
Repayment of other long-term debt....................... (91) (42) (150)
Repayment of obligations under capital leases........... - - (205)
Distributions to partners............................... - (280) (255)
Other................................................... (28) - (6)
----- ----- -----
Cash provided by (used in) financing activities..... 61 (302) (220)
----- ----- -----
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents............ 184 (90) 42
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period............ 18 108 66
----- ----- -----
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period.................. $ 202 $ 18 $ 108
----- ----- -----
----- ----- -----
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
F-9
EQUISTAR CHEMICALS, LP
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF PARTNERS' CAPITAL
ACCUMULATED
PARTNERS' ACCOUNTS OTHER
------------------------------------------- COMPREHENSIVE COMPREHENSIVE
LYONDELL MILLENNIUM OCCIDENTAL TOTAL INCOME (LOSS) INCOME (LOSS)
-------- ---------- ---------- ----- ------------- -------------
(MILLIONS OF DOLLARS)
Balance at January 1, $ 613 $1,621 $1,651 $3,885 $ - $ -
1999......................
Net income.............. 14 9 9 32 - 32
Distributions to
partners.............. (105) (75) (75) (255) - -
----- ------ ------ ------ ---- -----
Comprehensive income.... $ 32
-----
-----
Balance at December 31,
1999...................... 522 1,555 1,585 3,662 - -
Net income.............. 63 45 45 153 - 153
Distributions to
partners.............. (114) (83) (83) (280) - -
Other................... 5 - - 5 - -
----- ------ ------ ------ ---- -----
Comprehensive income.... $ 153
-----
-----
Balance at December 31,
2000...................... 476 1,517 1,547 3,540 - -
Net loss................ (115) (84) (84) (283) - (283)
Other comprehensive
income:
Unrealized loss on
securities........ - - - - (1) (1)
Minimum pension
liability......... - - - - (19) (19)
----- ------ ------ ------ ---- -----
Comprehensive loss...... $(303)
-----
-----
Balance at December 31,
2001...................... $ 361 $1,433 $1,463 $3,257 $(20)
----- ------ ------ ------ ----
----- ------ ------ ------ ----
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
F-10
EQUISTAR CHEMICALS, LP
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. FORMATION OF THE PARTNERSHIP AND OPERATIONS
Lyondell Chemical Company ('Lyondell') and Millennium Chemicals Inc.
('Millennium') formed Equistar Chemicals, LP ('Equistar' or 'the Partnership'),
a Delaware limited partnership, which commenced operations on December 1, 1997.
On May 15, 1998, Equistar was expanded with the contribution of certain assets
from Occidental Petroleum Corporation ('Occidental'). Equistar is currently
owned 41% by Lyondell, 29.5% by Millennium and 29.5% by Occidental, all through
wholly owned subsidiaries (see also Note 18).
Equistar owns and operates the petrochemicals and polymers businesses
contributed by Lyondell, Millennium and Occidental, which consist of 18
manufacturing facilities primarily on the U.S. Gulf Coast and in the U.S.
Midwest. The petrochemicals segment manufactures and markets olefins, oxygenated
products, aromatics and specialty products. Olefins include ethylene, propylene
and butadiene, and oxygenated products include ethylene oxide, ethylene glycol,
ethanol and methyl tertiary butyl ether ('MTBE'). The petrochemicals segment
also includes the production and sale of aromatics, including benzene and
toluene. The polymers segment manufactures and markets polyolefins, including
high-density polyethylene ('HDPE'), low-density polyethylene ('LDPE'), linear
low-density polyethylene ('LLDPE'), polypropylene, and performance polymers, all
of which are used in the production of a wide variety of consumer and industrial
products. The performance polymers include enhanced grades of polyethylene,
including wire and cable insulating resins, and polymeric powders.
Equistar is governed by a Partnership Governance Committee consisting of
nine representatives, three appointed by each general partner. Most of the
significant decisions of the Partnership Governance Committee require unanimous
consent, including approval of the Partnership's strategic plan and annual
updates thereof. Distributions are made to the partners based upon their
percentage ownership of Equistar. Additional cash contributions required by the
Partnership are also based upon the partners' percentage ownership of Equistar.
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of Presentation -- The consolidated financial statements include the
accounts of Equistar and its wholly owned subsidiaries.
Revenue Recognition -- Revenue from product sales is recognized as risk and
title to the product transfer to the customer, which usually occurs when
shipment is made.
Cash and Cash Equivalents -- Cash equivalents consist of highly liquid debt
instruments such as certificates of deposit, commercial paper and money market
accounts purchased with an original maturity date of three months or less. Cash
equivalents are stated at cost, which approximates fair value. Equistar's policy
is to invest cash in conservative, highly rated instruments and limit the amount
of credit exposure to any one institution. Equistar performs periodic
evaluations of the relative credit standing of these financial institutions
which are considered in Equistar's investment strategy.
Equistar has no requirements for compensating balances in a specific amount
at a specific point in time. The Partnership does maintain compensating balances
for some of its banking services and products. Such balances are maintained on
an average basis and are solely at Equistar's discretion. As a result, none of
Equistar's cash is restricted.
Inventories -- Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market. Cost
is determined on the last-in, first-out ('LIFO') basis, except for materials and
supplies, which are valued at average cost. Inventory exchange transactions,
which involve homogeneous commodities in the same line of business and do not
involve the payment or receipt of cash, are not accounted for as purchases and
sales. Any resulting volumetric exchange balances are accounted for as inventory
in accordance with the normal LIFO valuation policy.
Property, Plant and Equipment -- Property, plant and equipment are recorded
at cost. Depreciation of property, plant and equipment is computed using the
straight-line method over the estimated useful
F-11
EQUISTAR CHEMICALS, LP
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
lives of the related assets, generally 25 years for major manufacturing
equipment, 30 years for buildings, 10 to 15 years for light equipment and
instrumentation, 15 years for office furniture and 3 to 5 years for information
systems equipment. Upon retirement or sale, Equistar removes the cost of the
assets and the related accumulated depreciation from the accounts and reflects
any resulting gains or losses in the Consolidated Statement of Income.
Equistar's policy is to capitalize interest cost incurred on debt during the
construction of major projects exceeding one year.
Long-Lived Asset Impairment -- Equistar evaluates long-lived assets,
including identifiable intangible assets, for impairment whenever events or
changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not
be recoverable. When it is probable that undiscounted future cash flows will not
be sufficient to recover an asset's carrying amount, the asset is written down
to its fair value. Long-lived assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower
of carrying amount or fair value less cost to sell. Beginning in 2002, as
discussed below, goodwill will be reviewed for impairment under SFAS No. 142
based on fair values.
Investment in PD Glycol -- Equistar holds a 50% interest in a joint venture
with E.I. DuPont de Nemours and Company that owns an ethylene glycol facility in
Beaumont, Texas. This investment was contributed by Occidental in 1998. The
investment in PD Glycol is accounted for using the equity method of accounting.
At December 31, 2001 and 2000, Equistar's underlying equity in the net assets of
PD Glycol exceeded the cost of the investment by $7 million. The excess is being
accreted into income on a straight-line basis over a period of 25 years.
Goodwill -- Goodwill includes goodwill contributed by Millennium and
goodwill recorded in connection with the contribution of Occidental's assets.
Goodwill is being amortized using the straight-line method over 40 years, the
estimated useful life. Amortization of goodwill will cease as of January 1, 2002
as described below under Recent Accounting Standards.
Turnaround Maintenance and Repairs Costs -- Cost of maintenance and repairs
incurred in connection with turnarounds of major units at Equistar's
manufacturing facilities exceeding $5 million are deferred and amortized using
the straight-line method until the next planned turnaround, generally four to
six years. These costs are maintenance, repair and replacement costs that are
necessary to maintain, extend and improve the operating capacity and efficiency
rates of the production units.
Deferred Software Costs -- Costs to purchase and to develop software for
internal use are deferred and amortized on a straight-line basis over a range of
3 to 10 years.
Environmental Remediation Costs -- Anticipated expenditures related to
investigation and remediation of contaminated sites, which include operating
facilities and waste disposal sites, are accrued when it is probable a liability
has been incurred and the amount of the liability can be reasonably estimated.
The estimated liabilities have not been discounted to present value.
Income Taxes -- The Partnership is not subject to federal income taxes as
income is reportable directly by the individual partners; therefore, there is no
provision for income taxes in the accompanying financial statements.
Use of Estimates -- The preparation of financial statements in conformity
with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make
estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and
liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of
the financial statements and the reported amount of revenues and expenses during
the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Accounting Changes Adopted in 2001 -- As of January 1, 2001, Equistar
adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards ('SFAS') No. 133, Accounting
for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, as amended by SFAS No. 138,
Accounting for Certain Derivative Instruments and Certain Hedging Activities.
Under SFAS No. 133, all derivative instruments are recorded on the balance sheet
at fair value. Gains or losses from changes in the fair value of derivatives
used as cash flow hedges are deferred in accumulated other comprehensive income,
to the extent the hedge is effective, and
F-12
EQUISTAR CHEMICALS, LP
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
subsequently reclassified to earnings to offset the impact of the related
forecasted transaction. Implementation of SFAS No. 133 and SFAS No. 138 did not
have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements of Equistar.
Recent Accounting Standards -- In June 2001, the Financial Accounting
Standards Board ('FASB') issued SFAS No. 141, Business Combinations, and SFAS
No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, effective January 1, 2002. SFAS
No. 141 is effective for business combinations initiated after June 30, 2001 and
is not expected to have a material effect on intangible assets acquired in
business combinations effected prior to July 1, 2001. SFAS No. 142 prescribed
the discontinuance of amortization of goodwill as well as annual review of
goodwill for impairment. Equistar expects the implementation of SFAS No. 142 to
result in the impairment of the entire balance of goodwill, resulting in a $1.1
billion charge that will be reported as the cumulative effect of a change in
accounting principle as of January 1, 2002. Earnings in 2002 and subsequent
years will be favorably affected by $33 million annually because of the
elimination of goodwill amortization.
In June 2001, the FASB issued SFAS No. 143, Accounting for Asset Retirement
Obligations. In October 2001, the FASB issued SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the
Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets. Adoption of SFAS No. 143 and SFAS
No. 144 in calendar years 2003 and 2002, respectively, is not expected to have a
material effect on the consolidated financial statements of Equistar.
Reclassifications -- Certain previously reported amounts have been
reclassified to conform to classifications adopted in 2001.
3. UNUSUAL CHARGES
Equistar shut down its Port Arthur, Texas polyethylene facility in February
2001. The asset values of the Port Arthur production units were previously
adjusted as part of a $96 million restructuring charge recognized in 1999, as
discussed below. During the first quarter 2001, Equistar recorded an additional
$22 million charge, which included environmental remediation liabilities of $7
million (see Note 15), severance benefits of $5 million, pension benefits of $2
million, and other exit costs of $3 million. The severance and pension benefits
covered approximately 125 people employed at the Port Arthur facility. The
remaining $5 million of the charge related primarily to the write down of
certain assets. Payments of $4 million for severance, $3 million for exit costs
and $1 million for environmental remediation were made through December 31,
2001. The pension benefits of $2 million will be paid from the assets of the
pension plans. As of December 31, 2001, the remaining liability included $6
million for environmental remediation costs and $1 million for severance
benefits.
During 1999, Equistar recorded a charge of $96 million associated with
decisions to shut down certain polymer reactors and to consolidate certain
administrative functions between Lyondell and Equistar. Accordingly, Equistar
recorded a charge of $72 million to adjust the asset carrying values. The
remaining $24 million of the total charge represented severance and other
employee-related costs for approximately 500 employee positions that were
eliminated. The eliminated positions, primarily administrative functions,
resulted from opportunities to share such services between Lyondell and
Equistar. Through December 31, 2001, approximately $19 million of severance and
other employee-related costs had been paid and charged against the accrued
liability. As of December 31, 2001, all of the employee terminations had been
completed and the remaining liability of $5 million was eliminated.
4. EXTRAORDINARY ITEM
As part of the third quarter 2001 refinancing (see Note 11), Equistar wrote
off unamortized debt issuance costs and amendment fees of $3 million related to
the early repayment of the $1.25 billion bank credit facility and reported the
charge as an extraordinary loss on extinguishment of debt.
F-13
EQUISTAR CHEMICALS, LP
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
5. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Product Transactions with Lyondell -- Lyondell purchases ethylene, propylene
and benzene at market-related prices from Equistar under various agreements
expiring in 2013 and 2014. Under the agreements, Lyondell is required to
purchase 100% of its ethylene, propylene and benzene requirements for its
Channelview and Bayport, Texas facilities, with the exception of quantities of
one product that Lyondell is obligated to purchase under a supply agreement with
an unrelated third party entered into prior to 1999 and expiring in 2015. In
addition, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lyondell licenses MTBE technology to
Equistar. Lyondell also purchases a significant portion of the MTBE produced by
Equistar at one of its two Channelview units at market-related prices.
Product Transactions with Occidental Chemical -- In connection with the
contribution of Occidental Chemical assets to Equistar, Equistar and Occidental
Chemical entered into a long-term agreement for Equistar to supply 100% of the
ethylene requirements for Occidental Chemical's U.S. manufacturing plants. The
pricing terms under the agreement between Equistar and Occidental Chemical are
similar to the pricing terms under the ethylene sales agreement between Equistar
and Lyondell. The ethylene raw material is exclusively for internal use in
production at these plants, less any quantities up to 250 million pounds per
year tolled in accordance with the provisions of the agreement. Upon three years
notice from either party to the other, sales may be 'phased down' over a period
not less than five years. No phase down may commence before January 1, 2009.
Therefore, the annual required minimum cannot decline to zero prior to December
31, 2013, unless certain specified force majeure events occur. In addition to
ethylene, Equistar sells methanol, ethers, and glycols to Occidental Chemical.
Equistar also enters into over-the-counter derivatives, primarily price swap
contracts, for crude oil with Occidental Energy Marketing, Inc., a subsidiary of
Occidental Chemical, to help manage its exposure to commodity price risk with
respect to crude oil-related raw material purchases (see Note 13). Equistar also
purchases various products from Occidental Chemical at market-related prices.
Product Transactions with Millennium Petrochemicals -- Equistar sells
ethylene to Millennium Petrochemicals at market-related prices pursuant to an
agreement entered into in connection with the formation of Equistar. Under this
agreement, Millennium Petrochemicals is required to purchase 100% of its
ethylene requirements for its LaPorte, Texas facility from Equistar. The
contract expires December 1, 2002 and, thereafter, renews annually. Either party
may terminate on one year's notice. The pricing terms of this agreement are
similar to the pricing terms of the ethylene sales agreements with Lyondell and
Occidental Chemical.
Under an agreement entered into in connection with the formation of
Equistar, Equistar is required to purchase 100% of its vinyl acetate monomer
('VAM') raw material requirements at market-related prices from Millennium
Petrochemicals for its LaPorte, Texas, Clinton, Iowa and Morris, Illinois plants
for the production of ethylene vinyl acetate products at those locations. The
contract expires December 31, 2002 and, thereafter, renews annually.
Product Transactions with Oxy Vinyls, LP -- Occidental Chemical owns 76% of
Oxy Vinyls, LP ('Oxy Vinyls'), a joint venture partnership. Equistar sells
ethylene to Oxy Vinyls for Oxy Vinyls' LaPorte, Texas facility at market-related
prices pursuant to an agreement which expires on December 31, 2003.
Transactions with LYONDELL-CITGO Refining LP -- Lyondell's rights and
obligations under the terms of its product sales and raw material purchase
agreements with LYONDELL-CITGO Refining LP ('LCR'), a joint venture investment
of Lyondell, have been assigned to Equistar. Accordingly, certain olefins
by-products are sold by Equistar to LCR for processing into gasoline and certain
refinery products are sold by LCR to Equistar as raw materials. Equistar also
has assumed certain processing arrangements as well as storage obligations
between Lyondell and LCR and provides certain marketing services for LCR. All of
the agreements between LCR and Equistar are on terms generally representative of
prevailing market prices.
F-14
EQUISTAR CHEMICALS, LP
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
Transactions with LMC -- Lyondell Methanol Company, L.P. ('LMC') sells all
of its products to Equistar at market-related prices. The natural gas for LMC's
plant is purchased by Equistar as agent for LMC under Equistar master agreements
with various third party suppliers. Equistar provides operating and other
services for LMC under the terms of existing agreements that were assumed by
Equistar from Lyondell, including the lease to LMC by Equistar of the real
property on which LMC's methanol plant is located. Pursuant to the terms of
those agreements, LMC pays Equistar a management fee and reimburses certain
expenses of Equistar at cost.
Shared Services Agreement with Lyondell -- During 1999, Lyondell provided
certain administrative services to Equistar, including legal, risk management,
treasury, tax and employee benefit plan administrative services, while Equistar
provided services to Lyondell in the areas of health, safety and environment,
human resources, information technology and legal. Effective January 1, 2000,
Lyondell and Equistar implemented a revised agreement to utilize shared services
more broadly. Lyondell now provides services to Equistar including information
technology, human resources, raw material supply, supply chain, health, safety
and environmental, engineering, research and development, facility services,
legal, accounting, treasury, internal audit and tax. Lyondell charges Equistar
for its share of the cost of such services. Direct third party costs, if
incurred exclusively for Equistar, are charged directly to Equistar.
Shared Services and Shared-Site Agreements with Millennium
Petrochemicals -- Equistar and Millennium Petrochemicals have agreements under
which Equistar provides utilities, fuel streams and office space to Millennium
Petrochemicals. In addition, Millennium Petrochemicals provides Equistar certain
operational services, including utilities as well as barge dock access and
related services.
Transition Services Agreement with Occidental Chemical -- On June 1, 1998,
Occidental Chemical and Equistar entered into a transition services agreement.
Under the terms of the agreement, Occidental Chemical provided Equistar certain
services in connection with the businesses contributed by Occidental Chemical,
including services related to accounting, payroll, office administration,
marketing, transportation, purchasing and procurement, management, human
resources, customer service, technical services and others. Most of these
services ceased in June 1999. Health, safety, and environmental services were
extended until December 31, 1999.
F-15
EQUISTAR CHEMICALS, LP
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
Related party transactions are summarized as follows:
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
---------------------------------------------
2001 2000 1999
---- ---- ----
(MILLIONS OF DOLLARS)
Equistar billed related
parties for:
Sales of products and
processing services:
Lyondell............ $405 $572 $246
Occidental
Chemical.......... 441 558 435
LCR................. 377 438 260
Millennium
Petrochemicals.... 55 90 54
Oxy Vinyls.......... 48 67 93
Shared services and
shared site
agreements:
LCR................. 3 2 3
LMC................. 6 6 6
Millennium
Petrochemicals.... 17 24 21
Lyondell............ - - 8
Gas purchased for LMC... 86 85 46
Related parties billed
Equistar for:
Purchases of products:
LCR................. $203 $264 $190
LMC................. 151 165 95
Millennium
Petrochemicals.... 15 16 12
Lyondell............ 4 2 6
Occidental
Chemical.......... 1 2 2
Shared services and
transition agreements:
Lyondell............ 147 133 9
Millennium
Petrochemicals.... 19 22 24
LCR................. 2 - -
Occidental
Chemical.......... - - 2
6. PURCHASE AND SALE OF BUSINESSES
Effective June 1, 2001, Equistar expanded its wire and cable business
through the acquisition of the low- and medium-voltage power cable materials
business of AT Plastics, Inc. Equistar accounted for the acquisition as a
purchase, allocating the $7 million purchase price to property, plant and
equipment and inventory.
Effective April 30, 1999, Equistar completed the sale of its concentrates
and compounds business. The transaction included two manufacturing facilities,
located in Heath, Ohio and Crockett, Texas, and related inventories. Equistar's
proceeds from the sale were approximately $75 million.
7. ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE
Equistar sells its products primarily to other chemical manufacturers in the
petrochemicals and polymers industries. Equistar performs ongoing credit
evaluations of its customers' financial condition and, in certain circumstances,
requires letters of credit from them. The Partnership's allowance for doubtful
accounts, which is reflected in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets as
a reduction of accounts receivable, totaled $14 million and $9 million at
December 31, 2001 and 2000, respectively.
During 2001, Equistar terminated an agreement with an independent issuer of
receivables-backed commercial paper. Previously, Equistar sold, on an ongoing
basis and without recourse, designated accounts receivable, maintaining the
balance of the accounts receivable sold by selling new receivables as existing
receivables were collected. At December 31, 2000 and 1999, the balance of
Equistar's
F-16
EQUISTAR CHEMICALS, LP
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
accounts receivable sold was $130 million. Increases and decreases in the amount
sold were reported as operating cash flows in the Consolidated Statement of Cash
Flows. Costs related to the sales were included in 'Selling, general and
administrative expenses' in the Consolidated Statement of Income.
8. INVENTORIES
Inventories were as follows at December 31:
2001 2000
---- ----
(MILLIONS OF DOLLARS)
Finished goods............................................ $243 $273
Work-in-process........................................... 12 16
Raw materials............................................. 104 123
Materials and supplies.................................... 89 94
---- ----
Total inventories..................................... $448 $506
---- ----
---- ----
Income in 2001 benefited from a reduction in the levels of raw material and
product inventories, which are carried under the LIFO method of accounting. The
charges to cost of sales associated with the inventory reductions were valued
based on relatively low LIFO inventory values. If these charges had been valued
based on average 2001 costs, cost of sales for 2001 would have been higher by
approximately $10 million. The excess of the current cost of inventories over
book value was approximately $28 million at December 31, 2001.
9. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT AND OTHER ASSETS
The components of property, plant and equipment, at cost, and the related
accumulated depreciation were as follows at December 31:
2001 2000
---- ----
(MILLIONS OF DOLLARS)
Land...................................................... $ 79 $ 78
Manufacturing facilities and equipment.................... 5,929 5,769
Construction in progress.................................. 92 134
------ ------
Total property, plant and equipment................... 6,100 5,981
------ ------
Less accumulated depreciation............................. 2,395 2,162
------ ------
Property, plant and equipment, net.................... $3,705 $3,819
------ ------
------ ------
Equistar did not capitalize any interest during 2001, 2000 and 1999 with
respect to construction projects.
Goodwill, at cost, and the related accumulated amortization were as follows
at December 31:
2001 2000
---- ----
(MILLIONS OF DOLLARS)
Goodwill.................................................... $1,318 $1,318
Less accumulated amortization............................... 265 232
------ ------
Goodwill, net........................................... $1,053 $1,086
------ ------
------ ------
The unamortized balances of deferred turnaround, software and debt issuance
costs included in 'Other assets, net' were as follows at December 31:
F-17
EQUISTAR CHEMICALS, LP
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
2001 2000
---- ----
(MILLIONS OF DOLLARS)
Turnaround costs............................................ $ 70 $ 75
Software costs.............................................. 97 104
Debt issuance costs......................................... 34 9
Depreciation and amortization is summarized as follows for the periods
presented:
FOR THE YEAR ENDED
DECEMBER 31,
---------------------
2001 2000 1999
---- ---- ----
(MILLIONS OF DOLLARS)
Property, plant and equipment............................... $237 $229 $221
Goodwill.................................................... 33 33 33
Turnaround expense.......................................... 20 24 25
Software costs.............................................. 12 13 12
Other....................................................... 17 11 9
Debt issuance costs......................................... 2 - -
---- ---- ----
$321 $310 $300
---- ---- ----
---- ---- ----
10. ACCRUED LIABILITIES
Accrued liabilities were as follows at December 31:
2001 2000
---- ----
(MILLIONS OF DOLLARS)
Property taxes.............................................. $ 68 $ 73
Interest.................................................... 68 52
Payroll and benefits........................................ 49 38
Other....................................................... 12 3
------ ------
Total accrued liabilities............................... $ 197 $ 166
------ ------
------ ------
11. LONG-TERM DEBT
In August 2001, Equistar completed a $1.5 billion debt refinancing. The
refinancing included a bank credit facility consisting of a $500 million secured
revolving credit facility maturing in August 2006 and a $300 million secured
term loan, maturing in August 2007, with scheduled quarterly amortization
payments, beginning December 31, 2001. The revolving credit facility was undrawn
at December 31, 2001. Borrowing under the revolving credit facility generally
bears interest based on a margin over, at Equistar's option, LIBOR or a base
rate. The sum of the applicable margin plus a facility fee varies between 1.5%
and 2.5%, in the case of LIBOR loans, and 0.5% and 1.5%, in the case of base
rate loans, depending on Equistar's ratio of debt to EBITDA. The term loan
generally bears interest at a rate equal to LIBOR plus 3% or the base rate plus
2%, at Equistar's option. Borrowing under the term loan had a weighted average
interest rate of 6.26% during 2001. Certain financial ratio requirements were
modified in the refinancing to make them less restrictive. The bank credit
facility is secured by a lien on Equistar's accounts receivable, inventory,
other personal property and certain fixed assets. The refinancing also included
the issuance of $700 million of new unsecured 10.125% senior notes maturing in
August 2008. The 10.125% senior notes rank pari passu with existing Equistar
notes.
The August 2001 refinancing replaced a five-year, $1.25 billion credit
facility with a group of banks that would have expired November 2002. Borrowing
under the facility at December 31, 2000 was $820 million and had a weighted
average interest rate of 7.13% at December 31, 2000. Millennium America Inc., a
subsidiary of Millennium, provided limited guarantees with respect to the
payment of principal
F-18
EQUISTAR CHEMICALS, LP
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
and interest on a total of $750 million principal amount of indebtedness under
the $1.25 billion revolving credit facility. As a result of the refinancing, the
related guarantees have been terminated.
In March 2001, Equistar amended the previous $1.25 billion credit facility
making certain financial ratio requirements less restrictive. As a result of the
amendment, the interest rate on the previous credit facility was increased from
LIBOR plus 5/8 of 1% to LIBOR plus 8/10 of 1%.
In February 1999, Equistar issued $900 million of debt securities. The debt
securities included $300 million of 8.50% Notes, which mature on February 15,
2004, and $600 million of 8.75% Notes, which mature on February 15, 2009.
Equistar used the net proceeds from this offering (i) to repay $205 million
outstanding under a capitalized lease obligation relating to Equistar's Corpus
Christi facility, (ii) to repay the outstanding balance under a $500 million
credit agreement, after which the $500 million credit agreement was terminated,
(iii) to repay $150 million of 10.00% Notes due in June 1999, and (iv) to the
extent of the remaining net proceeds, to reduce outstanding borrowing under the
revolving credit facility and for Partnership working capital purposes.
The bank credit facility and the indenture governing Equistar's 10.125%
senior notes contain covenants that, subject to certain exceptions, restrict
sale and leaseback transactions, lien incurrence, debt incurrence, sales of
assets and mergers and consolidations. In addition, the bank credit facility
requires Equistar to maintain specified financial ratios. The breach of these
covenants could permit the lenders to declare the loans immediately payable and
could permit the lenders under Equistar's credit facility to terminate future
lending commitments.
As a result of the continued poor current business environment, Equistar is
seeking an amendment to its credit facility that would increase its financial
flexibility by easing certain financial ratio requirements. Such an amendment
will require the payment of additional fees. Equistar anticipates that the
amendment will become effective prior to March 31, 2002.
Long-term debt consisted of the following at December 31:
2001 2000
---- ----
(MILLIONS OF DOLLARS)
Bank credit facilities:
Revolving credit facility due 2006...................... $ - $ 820
Term loan due 2007...................................... 299 -
Other debt obligations:
Medium-term notes due 2002-2005......................... 31 121
9.125% Notes due 2002................................... 100 100
8.50% Notes due 2004.................................... 300 300
6.50% Notes due 2006.................................... 150 150
10.125% Senior Notes due 2008........................... 700 -
8.75% Notes due 2009.................................... 598 598
7.55% Debentures due 2026............................... 150 150
Other................................................... 9 9
------ ------
Total long-term debt................................ 2,337 2,248
Less current maturities..................................... 104 90
------ ------
Total long-term debt, net........................... $2,233 $2,158
------ ------
------ ------
The 8.75% notes have a face amount of $600 million and are shown net of
unamortized discount. The medium-term notes had a weighted average interest rate
of 9.8% and 9.6% at December 31, 2001 and 2000, respectively.
The medium-term notes, the 9.125% notes, the 6.5% notes and the 7.55%
debentures were assumed by Equistar from Lyondell when Equistar was formed in
1997. As between Equistar and Lyondell, Equistar is primarily liable for this
debt. Lyondell remains a co-obligor for the medium-term
F-19
EQUISTAR CHEMICALS, LP
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
notes and certain events involving only Lyondell could give rise to events of
default under those notes, permitting the obligations to be accelerated. Under
certain limited circumstances, the holders of the medium-term notes have the
right to require repurchase of the notes. Following amendments to the indentures
for the 9.125% notes and 6.5% notes and the 7.55% debentures in November 2000,
Lyondell remains a guarantor of that debt but not a co-obligor. The consolidated
financial statements of Lyondell are filed as an exhibit to Equistar's Annual
Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2001.
Aggregate maturities of long-term debt during the next five years are $104
million in 2002, $32 million in 2003; $303 million in 2004; $8 million in 2005;
$153 million in 2006 and $1.8 billion thereafter.
12. LEASE COMMITMENTS
Equistar leases various facilities and equipment under noncancelable lease
arrangements for various periods.
Operating leases include leases of railcars used in the distribution of
products in Equistar's business. Equistar leases the railcars from unaffiliated
entities established for the purpose of serving as lessors with respect to these
leases. The leases include options for Equistar to purchase the railcars during
a lease term. If Equistar does not exercise a purchase option, the affected
railcars will be sold upon termination of the lease. In the event the sales
proceeds are less than the related guaranteed residual value, Equistar will pay
the difference to the lessor. The total guaranteed residual value under these
leases was approximately $225 million at December 31, 2001.
Certain of Equistar's railcar operating leases contain financial and other
covenants that are substantially the same as those contained in the credit
facility discussed in Note 11 above. A breach of these covenants would permit
the early termination of those leases. As a result of the continued poor current
business environment, Equistar is seeking an amendment to these railcar leases.
Such amendments will require the payment of additional fees. Equistar
anticipates that the amendments will become effective prior to March 31, 2002.
In addition, the credit rating downgrade in 2002 permits the early
termination of one of Equistar's railcar leases by the lessor, which would
accelerate the payment of $126 million of minimum lease payments. Equistar has
reached an agreement in principal with the lessor to renegotiate the lease.
At December 31, 2001, future minimum lease payments and residual value
guarantees relating to noncancelable operating leases with lease terms in excess
of one year were as follows:
MINIMUM RESIDUAL
LEASE VALUE
PAYMENTS GUARANTEES
-------- ----------
(MILLIONS OF DOLLARS)
2002........................................................ $ 95 $ 39
2003........................................................ 78 -
2004........................................................ 67 186
2005........................................................ 43 -
2006........................................................ 35 -
Thereafter.................................................. 287 -
---- ----
Total minimum lease payments............................ $605 $225
---- ----
---- ----
Operating lease net rental expense was $110 million, $115 million and $112
million for the years ending December 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively.
F-20
EQUISTAR CHEMICALS, LP
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
13. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND DERIVATIVES
Equistar enters into over-the-counter derivatives, primarily price swap
contracts, related to crude oil with Occidental Energy Marketing, Inc., a
subsidiary of Occidental Chemical, to help manage its exposure to commodity
price risk with respect to crude oil-related raw material purchases. At December
31, 2000, price swap contracts covering 5.1 million barrels of crude oil were
outstanding. The carrying value and fair market value of these derivative
instruments at December 31, 2000 represented a liability of $13 million, which
was based on quoted market prices. The resulting loss from these hedges of
anticipated raw material purchases was deferred on the consolidated balance
sheet. On January 1, 2001, in accordance with the transition provisions of SFAS
No. 133, Equistar reclassified the deferred loss of $13 million to accumulated
other comprehensive income as a transition adjustment, representing the
cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle. The transition adjustment
was reclassified to the Consolidated Statement of Income during the period
January through July 2001 as the related raw material purchases occurred.
During 2001, Equistar entered into additional price swap contracts covering
7.2 million barrels of crude oil and primarily maturing from July 2001 through
December 2001. In the third quarter 2001, outstanding price swap contracts,
covering 4.1 million barrels of crude oil and primarily maturing from October
2001 through December 2001, were effectively terminated. The termination
resulted in realization of a gain of nearly $9 million, which was recognized in
the fourth quarter 2001 as the related forecasted transactions occurred. There
were no outstanding price swap contracts at December 31, 2001.
The following table summarizes activity included in accumulated other
comprehensive income ('AOCI') related to the fair value of derivative
instruments for the year ended December 31, 2001:
2001
----
(MILLIONS OF
DOLLARS)
Gain (loss):
Balance at beginning of period.......................... $ -
----
January 1, 2001 transition adjustment --reclassification
of December 31, 2000 deferred loss.................... (13)
Net gains on derivative instruments..................... 35
Reclassification of gains on derivative instruments to
earnings.............................................. (22)
----
Net change included in AOCI for the period.................. -
----
Net gain on derivative instruments included in AOCI at
December 31, 2001..................................... $ -
----
----
The fair value of all nonderivative financial instruments included in
current assets and current liabilities, including cash and cash equivalents,
accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, approximated
their carrying value due to their short maturity. Based on the borrowing rates
currently available to Equistar for debt with terms and average maturities
similar to Equistar's debt portfolio, the fair value of Equistar's long-term
debt, including amounts due within one year, was approximately $2.3 billion and
$2.1 billion at December 31, 2001 and 2000, respectively.
Equistar is exposed to credit risk related to its financial instruments in
the event of nonperformance by the counterparties. Equistar does not generally
require collateral or other security to support these financial instruments. The
counterparties to these transactions are major institutions deemed creditworthy
by Equistar. Equistar does not anticipate nonperformance by the counterparties.
Equistar accounts for certain investments as 'available-for-sale' securities
in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 115, Accounting for Certain
Investments in Debt and Equity Securities. Accordingly, changes in the fair
value of the investments are recognized in the balance sheet and the unrealized
holding gains and losses are recognized in other comprehensive income.
F-21
EQUISTAR CHEMICALS, LP
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
14. PENSION AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS
All full-time regular employees of the Partnership are covered by defined
benefit pension plans sponsored by Equistar. In connection with the formation of
Equistar, no pension assets or obligations were contributed to Equistar, with
the exception of union represented plans contributed by Occidental.
Retirement benefits are based upon years of service and the employee's
highest three consecutive years of compensation during the last ten years of
service. Equistar accrues pension costs based upon an actuarial valuation and
funds the plans through periodic contributions to pension trust funds. Equistar
also has unfunded supplemental nonqualified retirement plans, which provide
pension benefits for certain employees in excess of the tax qualified plans'
limits. In addition, Equistar sponsors unfunded postretirement benefit plans
other than pensions, which provide medical and life insurance benefits. The
postretirement medical plans are contributory while the life insurance plans are
noncontributory.
The following table provides a reconciliation of benefit obligations, plan
assets and the funded status of these plans:
OTHER
PENSION BENEFITS POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS
---------------- -----------------------
2001 2000 2001 2000
---- ---- ---- ----
(MILLIONS OF DOLLARS)
Change in benefit obligation:
Benefit obligation, January 1..................... $120 $ 99 $ 92 $ 77
Service cost...................................... 16 17 2 2
Interest cost..................................... 10 9 6 6
Plan amendments................................... - - 29 -
Actuarial loss (gain)............................. 12 8 (14) 11
Benefits paid..................................... (11) (12) (3) (2)
Net effect of curtailments, settlements and
special termination benefits.................... - (1) - 1
Transfer to Lyondell.............................. - - - (3)
---- ---- ---- ----
Benefit obligation, December 31................... 147 120 112 92
---- ---- ---- ----
Change in plan assets:
Fair value of plan assets, January 1.............. 117 101 - -
Actual return on plan assets...................... (6) (3) - -
Partnership contributions......................... 7 31 3 2
Benefits paid..................................... (11) (12) (3) (2)
---- ---- ---- ----
Fair value of plan assets, December 31............ 107 117 - -
---- ---- ---- ----
Funded status..................................... (40) (3) (112) (91)
Unrecognized actuarial loss....................... 48 24 5 20
Unrecognized prior service cost................... - - 29 -
---- ---- ---- ----
Net amount recognized............................. $ 8 $ 21 $(78) $(71)
---- ---- ---- ----
---- ---- ---- ----
Amounts recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheet
consist of:
Prepaid benefit cost.............................. $ 22 $ 35 $ - $ -
Accrued benefit liability......................... (33) (14) (78) (71)
Accumulated other comprehensive income............ 19 - - -
---- ---- ---- ----
Net amount recognized............................. $ 8 $ 21 $(78) $(71)
---- ---- ---- ----
---- ---- ---- ----
The increase in other postretirement benefit obligations in 2001 resulted
from a medical plan amendment that increased Equistar's maximum contribution
level per employee by 25%.
F-22
EQUISTAR CHEMICALS, LP
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
Pension plans with benefit obligations in excess of the fair value of assets
are summarized as follows at December 31:
2001 2000
---- ----
Benefit obligation.......................................... $129 $63
Fair value of assets........................................ 81 40
Pension plans with accumulated benefit obligations in excess of the fair
value of assets are summarized as follows at December 31:
2001 2000
---- ----
Accumulated benefit obligation.............................. $106 $9
Fair value of assets........................................ 81 6
Net periodic pension and other postretirement benefit costs included the
following components:
OTHER
POSTRETIREMENT
PENSION BENEFITS BENEFITS
------------------ ------------------
2001 2000 1999 2001 2000 1999
---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ----
(MILLIONS OF DOLLARS)
Components of net periodic benefit cost:
Service cost.......................................... $16 $17 $22 $ 2 $ 2 $ 4
Interest cost......................................... 10 9 7 6 6 6
Amortization of actuarial loss........................ 2 - 1 - 1 1
Expected return on plan assets........................ (11) (8) (8) - - -
Net effect of curtailments, settlements and special
termination benefits................................ 3 (1) - 2 1 -
--- --- --- --- --- ---
Net periodic benefit cost............................. $20 $17 $22 $10 $10 $11
--- --- --- --- --- ---
--- --- --- --- --- ---
The assumptions used in determining the net pension cost and the net pension
liability were as follows at December 31:
OTHER POSTRETIREMENT
PENSION BENEFITS BENEFITS
--------------------- ---------------------
2001 2000 1999 2001 2000 1999
---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ----
Weighted-average assumptions as of December 31:
Discount rate................................ 7.00% 7.50% 8.00% 7.00% 7.50% 8.00%
Expected return on plan assets............... 9.50% 9.50% 9.50% - - -
Rate of compensation increase................ 4.50% 4.50% 4.75% 4.50% 4.50% 4.75%
The assumed annual rate of increase in the per capita cost of covered health
care benefits as of December 31, 2001 was 7.0% for 2002 through 2004 and 5.0%
thereafter. The health care cost trend rate assumption does not have a
significant effect on the amounts reported due to limits on Equistar's maximum
contribution level under the medical plan. To illustrate, increasing or
decreasing the assumed health care cost trend rates by one percentage point in
each year would change the accumulated postretirement benefit liability as of
December 31, 2001 by less than $1 million and would not have a material effect
on the aggregate service and interest cost components of the net periodic
postretirement benefit cost for the year then ended.
Equistar also maintains voluntary defined contribution savings plans for
eligible employees. Contributions to the plans by Equistar were $16 million, $17
million and $20 million for the years ended December 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999,
respectively.
F-23
EQUISTAR CHEMICALS, LP
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
15. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Commitments -- Equistar has various purchase commitments for materials,
supplies and services incident to the ordinary conduct of business. At
December 31, 2001, Equistar had commitments for natural gas and natural gas
liquids at prices in excess of current market. Using December 31, 2001 spot
market prices for these products the estimated negative impact on first quarter
2002 operating results would be approximately $30 million. Since December 31,
2001, natural gas prices have further declined. These fixed-price contracts
substantially terminate by the end of the first quarter 2002. See also Note 5,
describing related party commitments.
Equistar is party to various unconditional purchase obligation contracts as
a purchaser for products and services, principally for steam and power. At
December 31, 2001, future minimum payments under these contracts with
noncancelable contract terms in excess of one year were as follows:
(MILLIONS OF DOLLARS)
2002............................................... $ 109
2003............................................... 132
2004............................................... 135
2005............................................... 137
2006............................................... 138
Thereafter......................................... 1,688
------
Total minimum contract payments................ $2,339
------
------
Equistar's total purchases under these agreements were $77 million, $51
million and $56 million for the years ending December 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999,
respectively. The increases in 2001, 2002 and 2003 are due to commitments for
steam and power from a new co-generation facility, which is expected to reach
full capacity in mid-2002.
Indemnification Arrangements -- Lyondell, Millennium Petrochemicals and
certain subsidiaries of Occidental have each agreed to provide certain
indemnifications to Equistar with respect to the petrochemicals and polymers
businesses contributed by the partners. In addition, Equistar agreed to assume
third party claims that are related to certain pre-closing contingent
liabilities that are asserted prior to December 1, 2004 as to Lyondell and
Millennium Petrochemicals, and May 15, 2005 as to certain Occidental
subsidiaries, to the extent the aggregate thereof does not exceed $7 million to
each partner, subject to certain terms of the respective asset contribution
agreements. As of December 31, 2001, Equistar had incurred a total of $17
million for these uninsured claims and liabilities. Equistar also agreed to
assume third party claims that are related to certain pre-closing contingent
liabilities that are asserted for the first time after December 1, 2004 as to
Lyondell and Millennium Petrochemicals, and for the first time after May 15,
2005 as to certain Occidental subsidiaries. As of September 30, 2001, Equistar,
Lyondell, Millennium Petrochemicals and certain subsidiaries of Occidental
amended the asset contribution agreements governing these indemnification
obligations to clarify the treatment of, and procedures pertaining to the
management of, certain claims arising under the asset contribution agreements.
Equistar management believes that these amendments do not materially change the
asset contribution agreements.
Environmental Remediation -- Equistar's accrued liability for environmental
matters as of December 31, 2001 was $6 million and related to the Port Arthur
facility, which was permanently shut down on February 28, 2001. In the opinion
of management, there is currently no material estimable range of loss in excess
of the amounts recorded for environmental remediation.
Clean Air Act -- The eight-county Houston/Galveston region has been
designated a severe non-attainment area for ozone by the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency ('EPA'). Emission reduction controls for nitrogen oxides
('NOx') must be installed at each of Equistar's six plants located in the
Houston/Galveston region during the next several years. Compliance with the plan
will result in increased capital investment, which could be between $200 million
and $260 million, before the 2007
F-24
EQUISTAR CHEMICALS, LP
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
deadline, as well as higher annual operating costs for Equistar. The timing and
amount of these expenditures are subject to regulatory and other uncertainties,
as well as obtaining the necessary permits and approvals. In January 2001,
Equistar and an organization composed of industry participants filed a lawsuit
against the Texas Natural Resource Conservation Commission ('TNRCC') to
encourage adoption of their alternative plan to achieve the same air quality
improvement with less negative economic impact on the region. Adoption of the
alternative plan, as sought by the lawsuit, is expected to reduce Equistar's
estimated capital investments for NOx reductions required to comply with the
standards. However, there can be no guarantee as to the ultimate capital cost of
implementing any final plan developed to ensure ozone attainment by the 2007
deadline.
The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 set minimum levels for oxygenates, such
as MTBE, in gasoline sold in areas not meeting specified air quality standards.
The presence of MTBE in some water supplies in California and other states due
to gasoline leaking from underground storage tanks and in surface water from
recreational water craft has led to public concern about the use of MTBE.
Certain federal and state governmental initiatives have sought either to rescind
the oxygenate requirement for reformulated gasoline or to restrict or ban the
use of MTBE. These initiatives or other governmental actions could result in a
significant reduction in Equistar's MTBE sales, which represented approximately
4% of its total 2001 revenues. Equistar has developed technologies to convert
its process to produce alternate gasoline blending components should it be
necessary to reduce MTBE production in the future. However, implementation of
such technologies would require additional capital investment.
General -- The Partnership is also subject to various lawsuits and
proceedings. Subject to the uncertainty inherent in all litigation, management
believes the resolution of these proceedings will not have a material adverse
effect on the financial position or liquidity of Equistar.
16. SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION
Supplemental cash flow information is summarized as follows for the periods
presented:
FOR THE YEAR ENDED
DECEMBER 31,
---------------------
2001 2000 1999
---- ---- ----
(MILLIONS OF DOLLARS)
Cash paid for interest.................................. $171 $180 $146
---- ---- ----
---- ---- ----
17. SEGMENT INFORMATION AND RELATED INFORMATION
Equistar operates in two reportable segments, petrochemicals and polymers.
The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in
'Summary of Significant Accounting Policies' (see Note 2). No third-party
customer accounted for 10% or more of sales during the three-year period ended
December 31, 2001.
F-25
EQUISTAR CHEMICALS, LP
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
Summarized financial information concerning Equistar's reportable segments
is shown in the following table. Intersegment sales between the petrochemicals
and polymers segments were based on current market prices.
PETROCHEMICALS POLYMERS UNALLOCATED ELIMINATIONS CONSOLIDATED
-------------- -------- ----------- ------------ ------------
(MILLIONS OF DOLLARS)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2001:
Sales and other operating
revenues:
Customers................. $3,929 $1,980 $ - $ - $5,909
Intersegment.............. 1,455 - - (1,455) -
------ ------ ------ ------- ------
5,384 1,980 - (1,455) 5,909
Unusual charges............... - - 22 - 22
Operating income (loss)....... 275 (186) (188) - (99)
Total assets.................. 3,458 1,365 1,485 - 6,308
Capital expenditures.......... 84 24 2 - 110
Depreciation and amortization
expense..................... 204 58 59 - 321
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2000:
Sales and other operating
revenues:
Customers................. $5,144 $2,351 $ - $ - $7,495
Intersegment.............. 1,887 - - (1,887) -
------ ------ ------ ------- ------
7,031 2,351 - (1,887) 7,495
Operating income (loss)....... 694 (185) (175) - 334
Total assets.................. 3,693 1,534 1,355 - 6,582
Capital expenditures.......... 79 46 6 - 131
Depreciation and amortization
expense..................... 199 55 56 - 310
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1999:
Sales and other operating
revenues:
Customers................. $3,435 $2,159 $ - $ - $5,594
Intersegment.............. 1,324 - - (1,324) -
------ ------ ------ ------- ------
4,759 2,159 - (1,324) 5,594
Unusual charges............... - - 96 - 96
Operating income (loss)....... 447 51 (336) - 162
Total assets.................. 3,671 1,551 1,514 - 6,736
Capital expenditures.......... 61 83 13 - 157
Depreciation and amortization
expense..................... 194 53 53 - 300
The following table presents the details of 'Operating income (loss)' as
presented above in the 'Unallocated' column for the years ended December 31,
2001, 2000 and 1999.
2001 2000 1999
---- ---- ----
(MILLIONS OF DOLLARS)
Expenses not allocated to petrochemicals and polymers:
Principally general and administrative expenses......... $(166) $(175) $(240)
Unusual charges......................................... (22) - (96)
----- ----- -----
Total -- Unallocated................................ $(188) $(175) $(336)
----- ----- -----
----- ----- -----
F-26
EQUISTAR CHEMICALS, LP
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS -- (CONTINUED)
The following table presents the details of 'Total assets' as presented
above in the 'Unallocated' column as of December 31, for the years indicated:
2001 2000 1999
---- ---- ----
(MILLIONS OF DOLLARS)
Cash........................................................ $ 202 $ 18 $ 108
Accounts receivable -- trade and related parties............ 17 16 18
Prepaids and other current assets........................... 20 17 22
Property, plant and equipment, net.......................... 44 56 58
Goodwill, net............................................... 1,053 1,086 1,119
Other assets................................................ 149 162 189
------ ------ ------
$1,485 $1,355 $1,514
------ ------ ------
------ ------ ------
18. SUBSEQUENT EVENT
Early in 2002, Lyondell and Occidental agreed in principle for Lyondell's
acquisition of Occidental's 29.5% share of Equistar and Occidental's purchase of
an equity interest in Lyondell. Upon completion of these transactions,
Lyondell's ownership interest in Equistar would increase to 70.5%. Millennium
holds the remaining 29.5% interest in Equistar. There can be no assurance that
the proposed transactions will be completed.
F-27
SCHEDULE II
MILLENNIUM CHEMICALS INC.
VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED 1999, 2000 AND 2001
BALANCE CHARGE TO BALANCE AT
AT BEGINNING COSTS AND END OF
OF YEAR EXPENSES DEDUCTIONS YEAR
------- -------- ---------- ----
(MILLIONS)
Year ended December 31, 1999
Deducted from asset accounts:
Allowance for doubtful accounts............... $ 3 $ - $ (1)(b) $ 2
Valuation allowance........................... 126 - (60)(a) 76
Year ended December 31, 2000
Deducted from asset accounts:
Allowance for doubtful accounts............... 2 2 - 4
Valuation allowance........................... 76 - (6)(a) 70
Year ended December 31, 2001
Deducted from asset accounts:
Allowance for doubtful accounts............... 4 4 (1) 7
Valuation allowance........................... 70 - (70)(c) -
---------
(a) Valuation allowance for capital loss carryover deferred tax asset.
(b) Uncollected accounts written off, net of recoveries.
(c) Underlying capital loss carryover expired.
S-1
STATEMENT OF DIFFERENCES
------------------------
The registered trademark symbol shall be expressed as ................... 'r'
The dagger symbol shall be expressed as ................................. 'D'
Characters normally expressed as subscript shall be preceded by.......... [u]